高中英语定语从句--知识点、难点与考点解析
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句
用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词
句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句
代替人代替物代替人或物
主语Who which that
主语Whom which that
宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which)
例1：This is the detective who came from London.
例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy.
例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old.
例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in.
2．关系代词的用法
(1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如：
All the people that are present burst into tears.
(2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如：
(3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如：
There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated.
(4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy.
(5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。
(6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。
(7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。
(8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如：
The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely.
(9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you?
3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(1) “介词＋关系代词“可以引导限制性定语从句，也可以引导非限制性定语从句。“介词＋关系代词“结构中的介词可以是in, on, about, from, for, with, to at, of, without 等，关系代词只可用whom或which,不可用that 。
(2) from where为“介词＋关系副词“结构，但也可以引导定语从句。例如：
We stood at the top of the hill, from where we can see the town..
(3) 像listen to, look at, depend on, pay attention to, take care of等固定短语动词，在定语从句中一般不宜将介词与动词分开。例如：This is the boy whom she has taken care of.
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1．关系副词也可以引导定语从句
关系副词在从句中分别表示时间．地点或原因。关系副词when在从句中充当时间状语，where 充当地点状语，why充当原因状语。
2. that可引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因
That有时可以代替关系副词when, where 或者why引导定语从句表示时间．地点或原因，在that引导的这种定语从句中，that也可以省去。
三、限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句
1．二者差异比较
限制定语从句紧跟先行词，同先行词这间一般不加逗号，仅修饰先行词，可以由关系代词．关系副词或that来引导。非限制性定语从句仅作补充或说明，用逗号与主句隔开，既可修饰先行词，又可修饰整个主句，不可用that引导。
2．关系代词和关系副词的选择依据
(1) 弄清代替先行词的关系词在从句中作什么成分,作状语的应选用关系副词，作主语．宾语或表语的可选用关系代词。
3. 先行词与定语从句隔离
定语从句一般紧跟在先行词之后，但定语从句与先行词之间有时也会插入别的成分，构成先行词与定语从句的隔离。例如：He was the only person in this country who was invited
四、As在定语从句中的用法
1. 引导限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句
（1）as多与such 或the same连用，可以代替先行词是人或物的名词。
（2）as 也可单独使用，引导非The elephant’s nose is like a snake, as anybody can see.
限制性定语从句，作用相当于which。例如：
（3）the same… that与t he same …as在意思上是不同的。
2．As引导的非限制性定语从句的位置
as引导的非限制性定语从句位置较灵活，可以位于主句前面．中间或后面，一般用逗号与主句隔开，但which所引导的非限制性定语从句只能放在主句之后。例如：
(1) As is expected, the England team won the football match.
(2) The earth runs around the sun, as is known by everyone.
五、定语从句学习容易出错的几方面
1、在定语从句中加了多余的或缺少宾语成分。
Some of the boys I invited the didn't come.
She told the wrongs had been done to her by the boss.
2、把定语从句的主谓一致问题。Those who has finished may go now.
3、当先行词为表示时间、地点的名词时，分不清关系词在定语从句中所作的句子成分。
Is this the school where Mr. White visited last month?
4、分不清限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
The naughty boy often knocked at the Wangs' door, that made the family unhappy.
5、与强调句混淆。
It was in the afternoon when I saw him in the park.
应该为：It was in that afternoon that I saw him in the park.
6、忽视只能用that，不能用which的情况。
We should do all which is useful to the people.
典型高考英语陷阱题详解?定语从句
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was
B. it was
C. which were
D. them were
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, "Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?"
A. that
B. which
C. where
D. what
3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that
B. it
C. them
D. which
6. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.
A. whom
B. them
C. which
D. who
7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. whom
B. them
C. which
D. who、
8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as
B. which
C. what
D. that
10. She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she's spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
答案：1-5 C C B C D 6-10 A B A D A
解析：
1.【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由"介词+which"引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数was.
2. 【陷阱】容易误选B，认为around 是介词，选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital，在此用作介词around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是：句中的around 不是介词，而是副词，意为"在附近"；其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3. 【陷阱】容易误选A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
此题答案选A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that 从句
4.【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的that，便认为这是考查such ... that ...句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such ... that ... （如此......以至......）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入such ... that ...，句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词boy，同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语，句意为"所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩"。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为like 后有自己的宾语him：
David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that
B. who
C. as
D. whom
5. 【陷阱】容易误选C，用them 代指the buses.
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰the buses
6. 【陷阱】容易误选B，用them 代指students.
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of... 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B。
7. 【陷阱】容易误选A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在invited 前加上助动词were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.
8.【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
（1）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选B.whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语were seated. （2）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated to gether joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
（3）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选A.their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
（4）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选B.whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语sat.
（5）On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their
B. whose
C. which
D. that
选B.whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语were sitting.
9.【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。
10. 【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词where.
【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：
She says that she'll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.
A. which
B. when
C. how
D. where
请再做一题
Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. which
初中英语定语从句的用法解析
初中英语定语从句的用法解析 【摘要】定语从句是一种形容词的关系从句。它由关系代词或关系副词引导（1）。初中英语中的定语从句仅限于限制性定于从句，但对初中生来说，定语从句既是一个重点，也是一个难点。 【关键词】定语从句先行词关系代词关系副词 一、英语中的定语从句与汉语中的定语位置不同。 在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。英语中的定语从句始终要放在被修饰的词之后，而汉语中的定语则放在被修饰词之前。如： The man who / that I saw at the school gate yesterday is my English teacher. 先行词定语从句 昨天我在校门口看见的那个人是我的英语老师。 二、英语从句中的句型结构比较复杂，有先行词、关系代词或关系副词。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词，引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词或关系副词。限制性关系分句和它的先行项的所指意义有着不可分割的联系（2）。关系代词或关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，关系代词或关系副词在定语从句中要充当一个成分。关系代词在句中可作主语、宾语或定语，关系副词在句中作状语。如： I am waiting for the boy who /that is wearing a red coat. （主语） 先行词关系代词 我正在等穿着红色外套的那个男孩。 The dictionary that / which my sister gave me last Sunday is very expensive.(宾语) 先行词关系代词 我姐姐上周星期天给我的那本字典很贵。 The woman is his mother whose name is Linda Brown. (定语) 先行词关系代词 那个是他的母亲，名叫琳达·布朗。 That is the house where my father used to live.(状语) 先行词关系副词 那是我父亲曾经居住过的房子。 三、初中英语中的定语从句关系代词或关系副词的具体用法。 1. who指人（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Yesterday I helped an old man who / that lost his way. （主语） 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 Mr Wang is the man (who / that / whom )you met in the zoo this morning.(宾语) 王先生就是今天早上你在动物里遇到的那个人。 注意：关系代词who指人,作宾语时，可用whom代替；作宾语时，关系代词可省略。作其它成分，关系代词则不能省略。 2. whose指人，也可指物。在定语从句中作定语。 The boy whose mother is ill is staying at home to look after her today. 其母亲生病的那个男孩今天呆在家里照顾她。 I have a story book whose cover is red. 我有一本封面是红色的故事书。 3. which指物（也可用that），在定语从句中作主语，也可作宾语。如： Football is a game which / that is liked by most boys. （主语） 足球是被大多数男孩喜欢的运动。 I don’t believe the news which / that Tom won the game. (宾语)
初中中考英语关于定语从句考点难点总结
关于定语从句考点难点总结 1定语从句基本概念 在复合句中，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。 2定语从句的关系词 引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。 常见的关系代词包括that，which，who（宾格whom，所有格whose）等。 关系副词包括where，when，why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用，同时又作定语从句的重要成分。 3定语从句的分类 根据定语从句与先行词的关系，定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。 1.限制性定语从句紧跟先行词，主句与从句不用逗号分开，从句不可省去。例如： Any manthat / who has a sense of dutywon’t do such a thing. 任何有责任感的人都不会做这样的事。 2.非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开，起补充说明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。例如： The house,which we bought last month,is very nice. 这幢房子很漂亮,是我们上个月买的. 注意：非限定性定语从句中不能使用关系代词that。 4关系代词的用法 1.that that既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如：Mary likes musicthat is quiet and gentle. 玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） The coat（that）I put on the deskis blue. 我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语） 2.which which 用于指物，在句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语可省略。例如： The buildingwhich stands near the train stationis a supermarket.位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。（作主语） The film（which）we saw last nightwas wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） 3.who，whom who，whom 用于指人，who 用作主语和表语，whom用作宾语。在口语中，有时可用who代替whom，也可省略。例如： The girlwho often helps me with my Englishis from England. 经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（who 作主语） Who is the teacher（whom）Li Ming is talking to？ 正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？（whom 作宾语） 注意： （1）当定语从句中含有介词，介词放在句末时，who，whom, that，which可省略，但介词在关系代词前时，只能用“介词+which/whom”结构。例如： This is the housein which we lived last year.
高中英语复习专题：定语从句(含知识要点,典型例题和解析)
高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）
复习专题定语从句难点、易错点
复习专题定语从句难点、易错点 一、定语从句 1．One of the most delicious drinks _________ I like is orange juice. A．which B．that C．whose D．whom 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我喜欢的一种最美味的饮料是橘子汁。 考查定语从句。本句先行词drinks，先行词有形容词最高级修饰，可知用关系代词that引导此定语从句，故选B。 【点睛】 that在定语从句中做主语、表语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。（1）必须用that的情况：先行词有人又有物/先行词有形容词最高级修饰/先行词是不定代词/先行词有不定代词修饰/以who，which开头的问句/先行词有the very, the same ,the last等词修饰/先行词有序数词，数词修饰时。/关系词在定语从句中做表语时。（2）不能用that的情况：介词+关系词/非限定性定语从句。 2．Xiandao Lake in Yangxin is the famous place ________ we'll visit next week. A．that B．who C．where D．whom 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：句意：阳新的仙岛湖是我们下周要参观的著名的地方。本句考查定语从句，先行词是place，从句意来看，其在定语从句中作visit的宾语，指事物，因此关系词用that。故选A。 考点：考查定语从句。 3．We will never forget the firemen_______lost their lives in the forest fire in April 2019 in Liangshan, Sichuan. A．that B．which C．where D．when 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：我们将永远不会忘记那些在2019年4月四川凉山森林大火中丧生的消防员们。 根据句子结构可知，该空所填的连词引导的是定语从句，修饰空前的名词the firemen。分析定语从句的结构可知，从句中缺少主语，应填关系代词，先排除C和D两个关系副词。which应用于先行词是物的时候，此处是人，故排除B。that引导定语从句时，先行词可以为人，也可以为物。故选A。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
定语从句重难点教学案例
英语定语从句重难点教学案例 定语从句是高中英语语法教学的一个重点，也是难点。说它是重点，因为它始终贯穿于英语教学和运用中。说它是难点，是因为受母语的影响，学生经常会弄错定语从句的位置，主次不分，从而会在运用中出现一些中式英语。还有就是学生对诸多的定语从句的引导词不知如何选取。还有，以往的语法课都会让学生觉得乏味，参与性不强。鉴于以上存在的问题，我特设计了以下的课堂教学。 一、教学分析 1. 教学内容：The Attributive Clause 是语法课。主要介绍由that, which, who, whose, whom, where, when, why ，as 等引导的定语从句。根据学生的实际情况和授课时间，本堂课我只让学生初步掌握that,which,who,where,when,why 引导的定语从句。 2. 教材分析及处理语法课一般都比较枯燥乏味。以往我的语法教学就是列出框框条条，从头讲到尾，到头来没有多少学生能听得懂。为了调动学生的积极性和参与性，我改变了以往的做法。我采取了以下做法： （1））课前布置任务。以小组为单位，每个小组找出他们最喜欢的一首中文歌曲。（2））借助多媒体、录音机、光盘等辅助教学设备，使枯燥的语法教学变得 有声有色。 （3））采用翻译法、探究法和学生中心教学法，设计一些合适的活动，使学生 在轻松愉快的活动中了解定语从句，并学会运用定语从句。 3. 教学目标： （1））知识目标：了解由which, that ， who ,where ,when ,why 引导的定语从句。 （2））能力目标：掌握和很好的运用定语从句。 （3））情感目标：了解中西方语言的不同表达方式。从而养成在学习和做事中 要注意观察和比较的习惯。 4 ．教学重点： 1 ）初步了解并能准确翻译由which, that ，who ,where ,when ,why 引导的定语从句。 2）判断定语从句的位置。 5．教学难点：对定语从句引导词的选择。 课堂教学过程 Step I Leading-in （5 分钟） 教师先通过多媒体播放《小芳》的中文歌曲，以吸引学生的注意力，然后问: Do you like this song? Can you try to put the underlined parts into English? （附歌词）
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总
定语从句专项知识点总结汇总 - 定语从句(Attributive Clauses)在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，有时也可以修饰部分或整个句子。 被修饰的名词，词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which, as。 关系副词有：when, where, why, how。 关系代词和关系副词放在先行词和定语从句之间，起连接作用，同时又可做定语从句的一个成分。当关系代词做宾语时可以省略。 定语从句中的谓语动词必须在人称上和数量上和先行词保持一致。 定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。 1 关系代词引导的定语从句 1) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：
Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who/that在从句中作主语) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. (whom/that在从句中作宾语) 2) whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换). 例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 3) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等. 例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. (which / that在句中作宾语) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that在句中作宾语) 关系代词that和which 都可以指物，that 和Who 都可以指人，其用法区别：
高中英语定语从句知识点难点与考点解析
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语Who which that 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
定语从句难点、易错点
定语从句难点、易错点 一、定语从句 1．—Is that all? —Yes. That’s all ______ I want to take. A．which B．that C．who D．whose 【答案】B 【解析】 试题分析：句意：-就这些？-是的。这就是我所想要的。which哪一个；that那；who谁；whose谁的。先行词all在定语从句中作宾语，可用关系代词that代替。所以选B。 【考点定位】考查关系代词。 2．Yesterday Li Ming went to the village ______ his family lived ten years ago. A．when B．which C．where D．that 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】 句意：昨天李明去了他家十年前住的村子。定语从句修饰的先行词是the village，关系词在定语从句中作状语，故where符合题意。答案为C。 3．—Tom, where do you work? —I work in a shop _____ sells different kinds of vegetables. A．which B．who C．where D．what 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 句意：——Tom，你在哪里工作。——我在一家卖各种蔬菜的商店工作。 考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子可知，横线处及后面是定语从句，首先排除D选项，what不能作关系词；空格处缺少主语，副词不能作主语，所以排除C 选项where；在定语从句中，关系代词取决于前面的先行词，先行词是人，关系代词用who或that；先行词如果是物，关系代词应用which或that；本句中根据先行词a shop是物，所以关系词用which，排除B选项；故答案选A。 4．— Where is the School English Speech Contest going to be held tonight? —I’m not sure. Is it in the hall _____ can hold 300 people? A．where B．what C．that D．when 【答案】C 【解析】
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
定语从句重点难点归纳
定语从句重点难点归纳 思考:名从和定从的引导词一样吗？ 1. 引导定语从句的关系代词没有what, whatever, however对吗？ 2. That 在名词性从句和定语从句中的不同？ 3. 定语从句和同位语从句的不同？ 4. 定从的难点在那里？ 定语从句关系词 关系代词： 指人：who, whom, 指人和物：that, whose 指物：which, as 关系副词：when, where, how, why §如果表示地点，时间，原因，方式的先行词做后面从句的宾语或主语时，引导词用that / which. 请指出关系代词/副词在定语从句中的成份： 1.The man who came to our school is Mr. Wang. ( ) 2.The girl (whom) I met is Lucy. ( ) 3.A child whose parents are dead is called Tom. ( ) 4.I like the book (which) you bought yesterday. ( ) 5. His parents wouldn’t let him marry anyone whose family was poor. ( ) 6. I like the person to whom you just talked. ( ) 7. We shall never forget the days (that) we spent together. ( ) 8. We shall never the days when we lived together. ( ) 考点1：that 与which 1) Do you have anything ______ you don’t understand? 2) The only thing _____ we can do is to give you some advice. 3) Who is the man _____ is standing there? 4) Her bag, in ________ she put all her money, has been stolen. 5) She heard a terrible noise，______ brought her heart into her mouth. 考点2：the way用做先行词，填上合适的关系词并分析原因： 1.The way _________________he explained the sentence to us was not difficult to understand. 2.The way _________________he explained to us was quite simple. 3. What surprised me was not what he said but _____ he said it. A. the way B. in the way that C. in the way D. the way which 一：that的用法 以下情况，引导词用that，不用which。 1. 先行词为不定代词everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing。(something 除外） e.g. Finally, the thief handed everything that he had stolen. **先行词被all, any, every, each, few, little, no, some修饰时也用that. 2. 先行词前有形容词最高级、序数词修饰时，用that。 e.g. This is the best book (that) I’ve ever read. 3. 先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，用that。 e.g. He is the only person that I want to see now. 4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。 e.g. We talked about the things and persons that we saw then. 5. 定语从句内容为解释名词的性质、概念时，需用that。 e.g. A plane is a machine that can fly. 二：which的用法 Which引导非限定性定语从句，其先行词可是一个词,也可是整个主句或主句的某一部分。 e.g. 1. She heard a terrible noise, ____ brought her heart into her mouth. 2. The weather turned out to be good, ___ was more than we could expect. 三：介词+关系代词 “of + which/whom”可用来限定名词、代词、分数词、数词等。
考点5】语法考点归纳5(定语从句、名词性从句)
【考点五】语法考点归纳5（定语从句、名词性从句） 定语从句考点归纳 1．高考对定语从句的考查集中体现在关系词的选择上，包括关系代词和关系副词。关系代词只有6个，即：that，which，who，whom，whose，as，关系副词只有3个，即：when，where，why。 2．选择关系代词和关系副词的方法：由于关系词既有连接作用又有替代作用和成分作用（引导定语从句并在从句中替代先行项/词而且还充当一定的成分），所以在选择关系词时有一个很简单的方法。把先行项/词还原到从句中，看看该用什么关系词来替代。例如： I visited a scientist ______ name is known all over the country. 把先行词a scientist还原到从句中就是：the scientist’s name is known all over the country 可见从句中缺定语，这里该填whose。又如：The school _____ I studied for only two years was three kilometers away. 把先行词the school还原到从句中就构成这样一个简单句：I studied for two years in the school. “in the school”是一个表示地点的介词短语，在从句中作状语，要用where（=in which）来替代。 3．注意关系代词as和which引导非限定性定语从句的区别：as引导的非限定性定语从句可以置于句首，而which 引导的非限定性定语从句只能位于句中或句尾。 4．注意掌握只用关系代替that、只用关系代词which的常见的几种情况，以及“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句。 考点精析 1.关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词, 并在句中充当主语, 宾语, 定语等成分. 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时, 从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致. (1)Who, whom, that这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词, 在从句中所起的作用如下: Is he the man who/that wants to see you 他就是你想见的人吗(who/that在从句中作主语) Hs is the man whom/that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人.(whom/that在从句中作宾语) (2)whose用来指人或物, 只用作定语, 若指物, 它还可以同of which.互换. 例如: They rushed over to help the man shoes car had broken down. 那人的车坏了, 大家都跑过去帮忙 Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 请递给我那本绿皮的. (3)Which, that它们所代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词, 在从句中可作主语, 宾语等. 例如: A prosperity which/that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣. (Which/that在句中作宾语) The package (which/that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了(which/that在句中作宾语) 2.关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间. 地点或理由的名词, 在从句中作状语. (1). When, there, why 关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于“介词+which”结构, 因此常常和“介词+which”结构交替使用. 例如: There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.