五年级英语下册重点句型和时态整理笔记

五年级英语下册重点句型和时态整理笔记
五年级英语下册重点句型和时态整理笔记

五年级英语(下)- 句型

第一部分一般现在时

一般现在时表示现在经常发生的动作、行为,或者客观存在的普遍真理等。如果句子中出现“ often ,usually ,sometimes,every day/week/month/year/morning ”等词时,那这个句子的时态就是一般现在时。其主要形式有两大类:一类是含有be 动词的句子,另一类是含有实义动词(助动词是do 或者

does )的句子。

一、含有be 动词的一般现在时

be 动词包括:am、is、are。am 只能跟I; is 跟第三人称单数或单数名词;are 跟you 或复数名词。

(一)肯定句

主语+be动词+形容词或名词。例如:

I am a little boy .

John is tall .

You/We/They are students .

Pigs are fat .

(二)否定句

主语+be动词+not+形容词或名词。例如:

I am not a student .

John isn,t tall .

You/We/They aren t students .

Pigs aren ,t thin .

(三)一般疑问句

Be 动词+主语+形容词或名词?例如:

Is John tall ?

Are you/they students ?

Are pigs fat ?

(四)特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be 动词+主语+形容词或名

词?例如:

Who is John ?

Where are you/they from ?

Why are pigs fat ?

二、含有实义动词(助动词是do 或者does )的一般现在时

(一)肯定句1、主语(非第三人称单数)+动词原形+其它非第三人称单数包括:第一人称单复数(I 、we )、第二人称单复数(you )、第三人称复数(they, 复数名词)

例如:I/We/you/They do homework every evening.

Elephants often walk in the woods . 2、主语(第三人称单

数)+ 动词原形-s/es+ 其它第三人称单数包括:he 、she 、it 、Tom 、Xiaojun 以及单数名词

例如:He/She/It goes to work every day.

A mouse usually hides in the shoe .

(二)否定句

1、主语(非第三人称单数)+don 't+ 动词原形+ 其它例

如:I/We/you/They don 't like apples .

Elephants don 't eat meat .

2、主语(第三人称单数)+ doesn 't+ 动词原形+ 其它例

如:He/She/It doesn 't go to work by

bus.

A mouse doesn 't like a cat .

(三)一般疑问句

1、Do+ 主语(非第三人称单数)+ 动词原形+ 其它?例如:

Do you/ they do homework every

evening ?

Do dogs like to eat meat ?

2、Does+ 主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词原形+ 其它?

例如:Does your mother

like speak English ? to

hide in the

Does a mouse

shoe?

(四

特殊疑问句

1 、特殊疑问词+do+ 主语(非第三人称单数)+ 动词原形+ 其它?

特殊疑问词包括:what ,where ,who ,w hy ,how 等

例如:

What do you/ they do ?

How do you do ?

Why do dogs like to eat meat ?

?

2 、特殊疑问词+does+ 主语(第三人称单数)+ 动词原

形+ 其它?

例如:

Where does your grandpa live ?

What does a mouse like ?

第二部分现在进行时

现在进行时表示说话时现在正在进行的动作或行为,常和now 连用。这种时态是由“be 动词+ 现在分词”构成的。be 动词包括:am 、is、are 。现在分词是由“动词-ing ”构成的。

一、肯定句

主语+be动词+现在分词+其它。

例如:

I am running in the woods .

The tiger is eating lunch .

You/We/They are taking pictures . Cats are catching butterflies .

二、否定句

主语+be动词+not+ 现在分词+其它。

例如:

I am not running in the woods .

The tiger isn 't eating lunch . You/We/They aren 't taking pictures . Cats aren 't catching butterflies .

三、一般疑问句

Be 动词+ 主语+ 现在分词+ 其它?例如:

Is the tiger eating lunch ?

Are you/we/they taking pictures ?Are cats catching butterflies ?

四、特殊疑问句特殊疑问词+be 动词+主语+现在分词+其它?例如:

What is the tiger eating ?

What are you/they doing there ?

What are cats doing ?

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He can speak five foreign languages . Changjiang River is one of the longest rivers in the world. 3) 陈述客观事实、客观真理。 The earth goes around the sun .地球绕着太阳转。 4) 根据英文语法规定,当主句的谓语动词是一般将来时,那么时间或条件状语从句的谓语动词只能用一般现在时来表示将来要发生的动作。例如: I'll tell him the news when he comes back. 他回来时,我将告诉他这个消息。 If you take the job , they will talk with you in greater details. 5)现在时的特殊用法:一般现在时表过去 1. 用于某些动词(tell, say, hear, learn, gather等)表示不确定的过去时间。如: I hear that he got married last month. 我听说他上个月结婚了。 Mary says you told her to come over here. 玛丽说是你让她到这儿来的。 2. 当要陈述一个客观事实时,有时即使有过去时间状语也可用一般现在时。如: The story is set in the summer of 1937. 故事的背景是1937年夏天。 The story begins in the year 1937. 故事开始于1937年。 练习 1)He always _____ ( get) up early. 2)Mary often ______(do) some shopping on Sundays 3).I’ll go with you as soon as I_______(finish)my homework. 4)If he _______(come) here, I will tell you 5)The earth ________( move) round the sun. 6)Tom sometimes ________(have) lunch at school. 7)Lily usually ________(fly) kites on weekends. 8)They ________(be) never late for class.

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