experiment 4
九年级上册英语四单元单词

九年级上册英语四单元单词一、主题词汇1. invention2. scientist3. creator4. innovative5. discover6. explore7. experiment8. research9. technology10. imagine二、拓展词汇1. patent2. genius3. intelligent4. curiosity5. method6. conclusion7. invention8. practical9. design10. progress三、例句与短语1. Einstein is a famous scientist who made many important discoveries in physics.2. The creator of this app is a young girl from Silicon Valley.3. We need to be more innovative in our approach to solving this problem.4. Columbus discovered America in 1492.5. The scientist spent years researching the effects of climate change on marine life.6. Technology has changed the way we live and work.7. Can you imagine a world without the internet?8. He patented his invention and became a millionaire.9. Curie's curiosity led her to make groundbreaking discoveries in radioactivity.10. The design of the new phone is sleek and user-friendly.11. Phrase: "Innovation is the key to success in today's rapidly changing world."12. Phrase: "The scientist's genius lay in his ability to see patterns that others overlooked."13. Phrase: "We need to experiment with different methods to find the most effective solution."四、写作提示本单元词汇主要涉及创新、发明、科学和技术等领域。
experiment 4

实验目的
1、动态对象的创建
设计并实现利用new和delete运算符动态创建和 清除对象的程序。
Harbin Engineering University Computer Science & Technology
2
实验题目
1.编写一个程序,该程序建立一个动态数组 ,为动态数组的元素赋值,显示动态数组的 值,并删除动态数组。
Harbin Engineering University Computer Science & Technology
4
实验题目
2
8
19
实验3 要求:
4
32
5 20 1 45
1、建立树节点类用于存储 左图的树; 2、动态创建树节点数组; 3、按照深度遍历依次动态 创建树节点并存入数组中;
Harbin Engineering University Computer Science & Technology
学号 20112001
课程号 c001
分数 92
c002
c003
操作系统
数据库原理
20112001
20112002 20112003
c002
c003 c002
89
78 90
实验2 具体要求: 1、分别建立Student,Course,Score三个类表示上述三个表的结构; 2、分别建立Student,Course,Score三种类型的数组,动态创建Student, Course,Score对象分别为每个数组赋值; 3、根据三个表的信息输出学生的成绩,格式如下: 学号 姓名 课程名称 分数 20112001 王雪 数据结构 92 20112001 王雪 操作系统 89 …… 20112003 卢萌 操作系统 90
大学物理实验的英语教材

大学物理实验的英语教材University Physics Laboratory: English TextbookIntroduction:The aim of this English textbook is to provide comprehensive guidance and instructions for university physics laboratory experiments. The textbook covers a wide range of topics, including fundamental laws and principles, experimental techniques, data analysis, and safety precautions. By following this textbook, students will enhance their laboratory skills, develop a deeper understanding of physics concepts, and improve their English proficiency.Chapter 1: Introduction to Laboratory Equipment1.1 Laboratory Safety1.2 Basic Laboratory Equipment1.2.1 Glassware and Containers1.2.2 Measuring Instruments1.2.3 Electrical Equipment1.2.4 Advanced EquipmentChapter 2: Measurement Techniques2.1 Units and Dimensions2.2 Uncertainty and Error Analysis2.3 Measurement Tools and Techniques2.3.1 Length Measurement2.3.2 Time Measurement2.3.3 Mass Measurement2.3.4 Temperature Measurement2.3.5 Other Important MeasurementsChapter 3: Experiments on Mechanics3.1 Introduction to Mechanics3.2 Experimental Procedures for Newton's Laws3.2.1 Experiment 1: Force and Motion3.2.2 Experiment 2: Frictional Forces3.3 Experiment on Gravitation3.3.1 Experiment 3: Gravitational Force and Acceleration due to Gravity 3.4 Experiment on Simple Harmonic Motion3.4.1 Experiment 4: Pendulum MotionChapter 4: Experiments on Optics4.1 Introduction to Optics4.2 Experiments on Geometrical Optics4.2.1 Experiment 5: Reflection4.2.2 Experiment 6: Refraction4.3 Experiments on Wave Optics4.3.1 Experiment 7: Interference of Light4.3.2 Experiment 8: Diffraction of LightChapter 5: Experiments on Electricity and Magnetism 5.1 Introduction to Electricity and Magnetism5.2 Experiments on DC Circuits5.2.1 Experiment 9: Ohm's Law and Resistors5.2.2 Experiment 10: Kirchhoff's Laws and DC Circuits 5.3 Experiments on Magnetism and Electromagnetism 5.3.1 Experiment 11: Magnetic Fields and Forces5.3.2 Experiment 12: Electromagnetic Induction Chapter 6: Experiments on Modern Physics6.1 Introduction to Modern Physics6.2 Experiments on Atomic and Nuclear Physics6.2.1 Experiment 13: Radioactivity and Half-Life6.2.2 Experiment 14: Atomic Spectra and Energy Levels 6.3 Experiments on Quantum Mechanics6.3.1 Experiment 15: Wave-Particle Duality6.3.2 Experiment 16: Photoelectric EffectChapter 7: Data Analysis and Error Propagation7.1 Data Collection and Recording7.2 Data Analysis Techniques7.3 Graphing and Curve Fitting7.4 Error Propagation and ReportingChapter 8: Laboratory Reports and Presentation8.1 Structure of a Laboratory Report8.2 Writing Style and Language8.3 Presenting Experimental Results8.4 Peer Review and FeedbackConclusion:This English textbook for university physics laboratory experiments offers a comprehensive guide for students to conduct practical experiments effectively. With a strong emphasis on safety, accurate measurements, data analysis, and clear reporting, the textbook equips students with the necessary skills to excel in the laboratory. By using this textbook, students will enhance their understanding of physics concepts, improve their English proficiency, and become adept researchers in the field of physics.。
Unit5单元复习课件+2024-2025学年冀教版九年级英语全册+

Lesson27 Planet
重点单词: 1.unless 除非;如果不 2. certainly 当然 3. double 双倍(的) 4. telescope望远镜 5. solar 太阳的;关于太阳的 6. mystery 神秘事物;奥秘 重点短语: 1. even if 即使;纵然 2. solar system 太阳系 3. at night 在夜间;在晚上 4. look through透过……看 重点句子: 1.我告诉我爸爸我们正在研究太阳系。
Danny
I told my father that we were studying the solar system. 2.丹尼把望远镜转过来,又通过它看了看。 Danny turns the telescope around and looks through it again. 3.星星在晚上出来。 The stars come out at night. 4.也许晚饭后布莱恩和我可以加入你的行列。 Maybe Brian and I can join you after supper. 5.我认为你不能找到一颗(行星),除非你有一架更大的望远镜。 I don't think you can find one, unless you have a bigger telescope.
Lesson29 DNA—The Story of You
重点单词: 1. repeat 重复 2.grandson 孙子;外孙 3.general一般的;普遍的 4. granddaughter 孙女;外孙女 5.instruction 说明 plex 复杂的 7. identify 确认;鉴别 8. related 有关的;相关的 9.pattern 模式;形式 10.blueprint蓝图 重点短语: 1. in general一般而言;通常 2. except for 除……之外 3. be related to 与……相关 4. billions of 数十亿计的;大量 5. not only ... but also..不但……而且.…
实验四:氢氧化钠的标定及铵盐中铵态氮的测定

Determination of standard solution of NaOH in the titration and ammonium salts total alkalinity of industrial soda Adviser Mingjun Wu chemicobiology class 1 Shulan Liu 20123003
NaOH 标准溶液的滴定及 铵盐中铵态氮的测定
指导老师 吴明君 化学生物学一班 刘淑岚 20123003
NaOH 标准溶液的滴定及铵盐中铵态氮的测定
指导老师 吴明君 化学生物学一班 刘淑岚 20123003
摘要 本实验先用邻苯二甲酸氢钾(KHC8H4O4)为基准物标定 NaOH 标准溶液的浓度。 然后用已标定过的 NaOH 标准溶液,以酚酞(PP)为指示剂,测定铵盐中铵态氮的含 量。由于除碳酸氢铵可以用标准酸直接滴定外,其它铵盐 NH4+是一种弱酸,故不能 用标准碱直接滴定。一般采用间接法,本次实验将采用甲醛法。并运用 4d 及 Q 检验 法对数据经行了处理,得到铵盐中含氮量为:25.76%±0.09% 关键词 NaoH 标准溶液 标定 甲醛法 铵态氮测定
致谢 感谢学校为我提供实验的平台,感谢吴明君老师的悉心指导
5
0.00 35.50 35.50 25.88%
0.00 34.95 34.95 25.80%
0.00 35.00 35.00 25.84%
34.80 34.80 25.69%
25.77% -0.07% 0.02% 0.005% 0.12% 0.04% 0.08%
可疑值为 25.88% 用 Q 检验法进行检验:Q=(25.88%—25.84%)/(25.88%—25.69%)=0.42 由 Q 值表可知当置信度为 96%时,Q 表=0.64,Q 小于 Q 表 所以 25.88%应予以保留 2.1.3 数据处理 极差:R=ωmax -ωmin=0.19%
04 实验四 酶的性质

⑶ 稀释的唾液
【实验操作】
1.漱口后收集唾液,用小漏斗加脱脂棉过滤,用蒸馏水稀释5~20 倍(根据各人的酶活性而定),混匀后备用。
2.取试管2支,各加稀释唾液2ml,一管直接加热煮沸,另一管置 冰浴中预冷5分钟。
3.另取4支试管,编号序号,按下表添加试剂:
步骤
1
试管编号
2
3
4
第一步
加1%淀粉液 20滴
本实验以蛋白酶和淀粉酶对相应底物蛋白质及淀粉的作用为例。来观察酶的特异性,实验 结果的检查根据酪蛋白水解生成酪氨酸,酪氨酸与福林试剂呈蓝色反应,淀粉能与碘起蓝色或
兰紫色反映来确定。
【实验材料】
1. 实验器材 试管及试管架;移液管; 烧杯;恒温水浴锅; 温度计 2. 实验试剂 ⑴ 1% 淀粉溶液:将1g淀粉溶解于100ml蒸馏水中。
实验四 酶的性质
英语单词表(全)
英语单词表(全)一、基础词汇篇1. a/an 一个2. about 关于3. above 在上面4. after 在之后5. again 再一次6. all 所有7. almost 几乎8. along 沿着9. already 已经10. also 也二、日常生活篇1. breakfast 早餐2. lunch 午餐3. dinner 晚餐4. home 家5. school 学校6. work 工作7. family 家庭8. friend 朋友9. doctor 医生10. teacher 教师三、情感表达篇1. happy 快乐2. sad 悲伤3. angry 生气4. excited 兴奋5. surprised 惊讶6. scared 害怕7. tired 累了8. bored 无聊9. lonely 孤独10. grateful 感激四、旅行与交通篇1. plane 飞机2. train 火车3. bus 公交车4. car 汽车5. taxi 出租车6. subway 地铁7. ticket 票8. airport 机场9. station 车站10. road 路五、自然与环境篇1. sun 太阳2. moon 月亮3. star 星星4. sky 天空5. cloud 云6. rain 雨7. snow 雪8. mountain 山9. river 河10. ocean 海洋本单词表涵盖基础词汇、日常生活、情感表达、旅行与交通以及自然与环境等多个方面,旨在帮助学习者全面掌握英语词汇。
后续篇章将陆续更新,敬请期待。
六、教育学习篇1. study 学习2. book 书3. classroom 教室4. library 图书馆5. pen 钢笔6. paper 纸7. exam 考试8. grade 成绩9. knowledge 知识10. skill 技能七、职业与工作篇1. job 工作3. office 办公室4. boss 老板5. employee 员工6. career 职业7. team 团队8. project 项目9. meeting 会议10. salary 薪水八、健康与医疗篇1. health 健康2. hospital 医院3. doctor 医生4. nurse 护士5. medicine 药物6. disease 疾病7. injury 伤害8. treatment 治疗9. exercise 锻炼10. diet 饮食九、娱乐与休闲篇1. movie 电影2. music 音乐3. sport 运动4. game 游戏5. dance 舞蹈6. concert 音乐会7. party 派对8. hob 爱好9. vacation 假期10. relaxation 放松十、科技与网络篇1. internet 互联网3. smartphone 智能手机4. app 应用程序5. website 网站6. technology 科技7. innovation 创新8. digital 数字9. online 在线10. data 数据本单词表旨在为学习者提供一个全面、实用的英语词汇学习工具。
01Unit4知识清单(含必备知识结构图即时训练单元词汇记忆表)-高一英语学与练(译林版2020)
Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world (译林版2020必修第三册) I. 必备知识结构图II. 必备单词默写清单1. ________ n.共和国;共和政体2. ________ adj. 致命的;非常的;十足的;彻底的3. ________ n.省,省份4. ________ n. 实验,试验;尝试vi.尝试;做试验;进行实验5. ________ n. 试验;审讯;考验vi.&vt.试验,测试6. ________ adj. 家庭的,家用的;家喻户晓的n.一家人,家庭7. ________ vt. 延期;延迟8. ________ adj. 足够的;充足的9. ________ vt. 阐明,举例说明;加插图于10. ________ n.金属11. ________ n.数据,资料,材料12. ________ n. 事故;意外;意外事件,偶然的事13. ________ n. 政治家,政客;投机钻营者14. ________ n.电;电能15. ________ adj. 杰出的;出色的n.突出的人(或物)16. ________ n.学说,论;原理;看法,意见17. ________ n. 信用;学分;信任;认可vt. 存入金额;把……归于18. ________ adj. 道德的n.品行19. ________ vt. 否定;取消,使无效20. ________ n.权威;权力;当局21. ________ vt. & vi. 充电;收费;控告;谴责;使……承担责任;使充满n.收费;控告;谴责;掌管22. ________ vt. 出版;发表;公布23. ________ adj. 电的,发电的,电动的【答案】1.republic2.deadly3.province4.experiment5.trial6.household7.postpone8.sufficient9.illustrate10.metal11.data12.accident13.politician14.electricity15.standout16.theory17.credit18.moral19.negate20.authority21.charge22.publish23.electric根据汉语提示完成句子(单词拼写)。
大学体验英语四课后翻译
Unit 11.随着职务的提升,他担负的责任也更大了;take onWith his promotion, he has taken on greater responsibilities.2.他感到没有必要再一次对约翰承担这样的责任了;make a commitmentHe felt he did not have to make such a commitment to John any more.3.闲暇时玛丽喜欢外出购物,与她相反,露茜却喜欢待在家里看书;as opposed toMary likes to go shopping in her spare time, as opposed to Lucy, who prefers to stay at home reading4.说得好听一些,可以说他有抱负,用最糟糕的话来说,他是一个没有良心conscience 且没有资格的权力追求者;at best, at worstAt best he 's ambitious, and at worst a power-seeker without conscience or qualifications.5.我们已尽全力想说服他,但是却毫无进展;strive, make no headwayWe have striven to the full to convince him, but we have made no headway.1.他似乎只有在打保龄球的时候才感觉到舒服;It seems that the only time he felt good about himself was when he was bowling.2.饭店员工是不收小费原则的唯一例外;One exception to the “no-tipping rule” is the hotel staff.3.很多年轻人在理论上知道怎么干,但当付诸实践时,就茫然无措了;Many of these youngsters know the job in theory but they’re still wet behind the ears when it comes to putting it into practice.4.今天,在顶级公关运营商中间存在着一种广泛的共识,认为法庭和媒体的对峙不能再继续下去;Today, there is widespread agreement among top PR operators that the stand-off between courts and the media can not continue.5.对于每个人来说,有一点是确信的,睡眠不仅是必需的,而且睡眠有助于我们身心健康;As for everyone, one thing is certain,not only do we have to sleep,but it is good for your mind and body as well.倍数的翻译Multiples常见的倍数的翻译有倍数的增加和倍数的减少;倍数的增加1 n times +名词或+ that of ..., n times as ... as ... 或v + n times等可译成“是...的n倍”或“比...增加n–1倍”;. The output of cars this year is about three times as great as that of last year.今年的汽车产量大约是去年的三倍; 或:今年的汽车产量比去年多两倍左右;2 n times +“增加”意义的比较级+ than ...可译成“净增加...或...倍”;. The irrigated area in this prefecture is four times bigger than in 1998.这个辖区的灌溉面积是1998年的4倍;3 “增加”意义的动词+ by ...可译成“增加了……”;“增加”意义的动词+ by a factor of ...可译成“增加了n–1倍”;增加意义的动词+ to ... 可译成“增加到……或……倍”或“增加了n–1倍”;. The value of our industrial output this year has increased five times as compared with that of ten yearsago.今年我们的工业产值比10年前增加了四倍;The rate of inflation has increased by 3%.通货膨胀率增长了3%;4 Double, treble, quadruple, n + fold等表示的倍数可译成“是……的n倍”或“增加了n–1倍”;. The efficiency of the machine has been more than trebled.这台机器的效率增加了二倍多是过去的三倍多;倍数的减少1 n times as +“减少”意义的原级+ as ..., n times + “减少”意义的比较级+ than ... , “减少”意义的动词+ n times等,可译成“比...减少n–1 / n”、“减少了n–1 / n”、“是...1/n”、“减少到1/n”若n中有小数点,则要换算成不带小数点的分数或百分数;. The length of the laser tube was reduced ten times.激光管的长度缩短到1/10; 或:激光管的长度缩短了9/10;This kind of film is twice thinner than ordinary paper, but its quality is quite good.尽管这种薄膜的厚度只是普通纸张的一半,可是质量却相当好;2 “减少”意义的动词+ by可译成“减少...”、“减少n–1/n”或“减少到1/n”;减少意义的动词+ by a factor of可译成“减少n–1 / n”或“减少到1/n”;减少意义的动词+ to可译成“减少到...”;. The load resistance is reduced by a factor of 5.负载阻抗减少到五分之一;The company has reduced its work force from more than 15 000 to 10 000.该公司将其工作人员从15 000多人裁减到10 000人;Unit 21. 宪法规定公民享有言论自由;provide forAnswer: The Constitution provides for citizen’s freedom of speech.2. 我们在如何养育孩子的问题上有截然不同的看法,因此常发生争吵;grow out of; bring upAnswer: Our constant quarrels grew out of the diverse ideas on how to bring up children.3. 我们早在会阅读之前就已经掌握了一些词汇;long beforeAnswer: We have learned some words long before we can read.4. 很多中国家长认为孩子越早上学越好;the more ... the moreAnswer: Many Chinese parents think that the earlier children go to school, the better.5. 新税法不是要惩罚富人,而是要给穷人以公平和机会;ratherAnswer: The new tax law is not to punish the rich. Rather it is to bring justice and opportunity to the poor1.要得到任何类似的关于你申请状态的准确信息都是极不寻常的;Answer: It is extremely unusual to get anything resembling accurate information about the status of your application.2.法律面前人人平等是被认为理所当然的;Answer: It is taken for granted that everyone is equal before the law.3.在美国餐馆吃饭、住宾馆、乘出租车时如何付小费是非常复杂的;Answer: There is nothing more complicated than that about Americans tipping, eating in restaurants, living in hotels or taking a taxi.4.你一定见过那些被称为鹰的大鸟是如何在地面或者大树之上捕获猎物的;Answer: You must have seen these large birds called eagles, feasting on their prey, either on the ground, or high up on tree tops.5.专家们毫不怀疑,这些药物将在加强我国应对艾滋病毒和艾滋病方面大有帮助;Answer: Experts have no doubt that these drugs will go a long way in further strengthening our national response to HIV and AIDS.数量词的翻译Numbers数词的翻译英汉两种语言表示数量的方法时有不同,翻译中不仅需要仔细推敲如何表达,有时还需要进行换算;例如:1. ten thousand: 万one hundred thousand: 十万one hundred million: 亿one billion: 十亿ten billion: 百亿;2. hundreds of: 数百thousands of: 成千上万tens of thousands of: 千千万万millions of: 数百万;千百万millions of millions of: 亿万与此相类似的还有一些表示数量的名词:decades: 几十年scores: 好几十;大量dozens: 数打,数十;量词的翻译1. 度量衡单位词的翻译:直接将量词译为对应的汉语;例如:ton: 吨gram: 克foot: 英尺inch: 英寸2.普通名词作量词则应按语境来译,必须符合汉语的表达习惯;例如:a piece of news: 一则消息 a colony of ants: 一窝蚂蚁 a cake of soap: 一块肥皂3. 翻译时增加量词;例如:a chair: 一把椅子 a horse: 一匹马 a tree: 一棵树A red sun rose slowly from the calm sea.一轮红日从风平浪静的海面冉冉升起;Unit 31. 你应该及时掐掉凋谢的花朵;pluck offAnswer: You should pluck off the dead fl owers in time.2. 我认为你所说的实在算不上一个答案;qualify asAnswer: I don’t think what you said really qualifi es as an answer.3. 我们的喊声在寂静的大街上回荡;echoAnswer: Our shouts echoed through the silent streets.4. 毫无疑问,他的成绩提高了,他又重新燃起了对学习的兴趣;reviveAnswer: There is no doubt that his grades have improved and his interest in learning has revived. 5. 史密斯夫妇已经向离婚法院正式申请离婚;file forAnswer: The Smiths have fi led for divorce in the divorce court.1.这自然是一种完全可笑的幻想;我根本不想当什么大tycoon,也根本看不起大款;Answer: It is of course a ridiculous fancy. Being a tycoon is the last thing I imagine and also a thing Iutterly despise.2.研究人员说,在家里承受压力的孩子会在课堂上捅娄子,这会损害全班学生的学习能力;Answer: The researchers say that children under stress at home can cause problems in the classroom, which ultimately hurts all the students’ ability to learn.3. 医学杂志上的一份研究报告回应了金融危机会带来医疗灾难的警告,说有迹象表明,心理健康问题和自杀行为急剧增加;Answer: A study in the medical journal echoes the warning of an impending health catastrophe brought about by the financial crisis, saying there are signs of a sharp rise in mental health problems and suicide.4.当学生为了获得一个超过他们应得成绩的更好分数而作弊时,他们其实就在学习养成欺骗和不诚实的生活习惯;Answer: When pupils are practicing cheating for the purpose of obtaining better school marks than they deserve, they are surely training themselves for lives of deceit and dishonesty.5.如果没有交通规则,人们如何在公路上开小轿车、大巴或其他交通工具Answer: Would people be able to drive a car, a bus and any other vehicle on the roadway if there were no traffic regulations否定句的翻译NegativesThe use of negatives in English is very flexible and delicate. The following tips will help you to handle the translation.1 否定成分的转移The object did not move because I pushed on it.这物体不是因为我推了才移动的;原文否定谓语,译文否定状语;2 形式否定Nobody could be too foolish this day.在这天,你怎么出洋相都不过分;3 双重否定Without substance, there could be no force.没有物质就没有重力;译成双重否定She is not a little interested in computer games.她对计算机游戏有浓厚兴趣;译成肯定句4 部分否定Everything is not straightened out.并非每一个问题都弄清楚了;5 强调否定The outcome of the experiment was not half bad.实验结果相当好;6 含蓄否定The report lacks detail.报告不够详尽;否定包含在英语动词中Unit 41. 我爷爷虽然70岁了,但他的爱好广泛,从下国际象棋到爬山,多种多样;range from ... toAnswer: My grandfather’s interests range from playing chess to climbing mountains although he is 70 years old.2. 真奇怪,汤姆的奶奶都80岁了还玩玩具娃娃;surprisinglyAnswer: Surprisingly, Tom’s grandmother plays with dolls at the age of 80.3. 他大公无私的精神和天赋使他适合担当大多数学生梦想得到的那项工作;qualify forAnswer: His selflessness and talent qualify him for the job most students dream to get.4.你如何解释他的那个怪梦interpretationAnswer: What interpretation would you put on his odd / strange dream5. 我们老板刚买的新轿车一小时能行驶200公里;be capable ofAnswer: The brand-new car our boss has just bought is capable of making 200 kilometers an hour.1.正义不但必须要伸张,而且要让人看到正义得到了伸张;Answer: Justice must not only be done, but it must be seen to be done.2.发展的主要障碍是国家欠下的巨额外债;Answer: The main impediment to development is the country’s huge foreign debt.3.政治家夸夸其谈,但经常是言不由衷;Answer: Politicians say a lot but often failing to tell us what they really mean.4.不要抱怨生活对你不公,因为生活根本就不知道你是谁;Answer: Don’t complain that life is unfair to you because life simply does not know who you are.5.多元化产品的范围由一般电子组件至大型安装机器;Answer: Diversified products range from electronics components to assembly machinery.定语从句的翻译Relative Clauses常见的定语从句翻译方法有两种:合译法和分译法;1 合译法:把定语从句译成汉语的“的”字结构,放在被修饰词的前面,从而把英语的主句和定语从句合译成一个汉语单句;1 This is the scientist who just returned from the North Pole.这是刚从北极归来的科学家;2 The sun, which had hidden in the cloud all day, now came out in its entire splendor.整天躲在云层里的太阳,现在又光芒四射地露面了;3 Without rubber there would be no such automobiles as we have today.如果没有橡胶,就不会有今天这样的汽车;2 分译法:将定语从句与主句分开,译成并列分句;1 I knew that Mary would tell the story to her mother, who would probably tell it to John.我知道玛丽准会把这件事告诉她的妈妈,她妈妈多半又会把这事说给约翰听;2 They worked out a new method by which production has now been rapidly increased.他们找到了一种新方法,采用该方法之后产量已迅速提高;3 Machine tools have various uses, one of which is to make holes in metal.机床有各种用途,其中之一是给金属钻孔;Unit 51. 产品广告中的说明必须符合产品的实际质量;conform toAnswer: The explanation in the advertisement of the product must conform to its actual quality.2. 新的见解有望为我们探索应对这种情况的新方法铺平道路;pave the way forAnswer: New insights will hopefully pave the way for us to explore new ways of treating this condition.3. 谚语来源于生活,是一个民族的语言和文化的浓缩和体现;derive fromAnswer: Proverbs, which derive from life, are the condensation and embodiment of the language andculture of a nation.4. 这段情感关系一直困扰着她,而且不见尽头;hauntAnswer: The emotional relationship has been haunting her with no end in sight.5. 应当承认,很难判定这件独特商品的合适价格;discernAnswer: Admittedly, the right price for this unique commodity is hard to discern.1.除了他为他儿子所做的一切之外,我们认为他没有什么值得表扬的地方Answer: We agree that he had nothing to be praised for other than what he had done for his son.2.很多企业不把商业道德当回事儿,这比任何违法的商业行为给世界经济所带来的危害都要大;Answer:That many enterprises don’t take business ethics seriously can be more destructive to world economy than any illegal commercial action.3. 中国人的热情好客在过年期间的盛宴上得到了充分的诠释;Answer: The hospitality of the Chinese finds its ultimate expression in the grand feasts during the Spring Festival.4.这笔世界银行的贷款为更多的孩子有更好的学习条件提供了经济上的保障;Answer: This loan of money from the World Bank provides financial guarantee that enables more children to have better facilities in school.5.与其说是对教育公平的一项科学研讨,不如说是呼吁公众对穷人发展的关注;Answer:It is less a scientific research about equal education opportunity than it is a call for public attention to the development of the poor.同位语的翻译Appositives可以充当同位语的有名词、代词、介词短语、不定式等;同位语通常放在有关成分本位语之后,并对其内容作进一步的解释说明;同位语一般用逗号与本位语隔开但有时也可不隔开;下面举例说明有关同位语的各种表达方式及其翻译方法:1. 名词或代词、形容词、数词等作同位语,一般与本位语译在一起:Examples You may leave it to us two.你可以把这件事交给我们两个;This is Mr Zhou, director of our hospital.这是我们医院院长周先生;She seemed different from them all.她似乎和他们所有的人都不同;This theory was advanced by Li Siguang, a famous Chinese geologist.这一理论是由中国的著名地质学家李四光提出的;2. 有些同位语结构复杂一些,如由引导词引导,翻译时一般译在本位语之后,且要用标点符号逗号、冒号或破折号隔开;Examples Then arose the question where we were to get the machines needed.这时就产生了一个问题:我们到哪儿去找需要的机器;They visited eight cities, for example, London and Paris.他们访问了八座城市,例如伦敦和巴黎;3. 在某些涵义需要进一步说明的名词如idea, fact, news, hope, belief, thought, doubt等后可用that从句作同位语,翻译时多译成该名词的定语;称为同位语从句;Examples I had no idea that you were here.我不知道你也在这儿;Obviously there was little probability that they would su cceed, but they didn’t mind.很显然他们成功的可能性极小,但是他们不在意;Unit 61.她将她的少年时代描绘成一个幻想和发现的时期;portray ... as2.Answer:She portrayed her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.3.2. 试验表明,不抽烟的人比抽烟的人犯的错误要少;fewer ... than4.Answer:Experiments showed that nonsmokers committed fewer errors than smokers.5.3. 足球迷经常受到人们的重视,不是因为他们自身的成功,而是因为他们支持的球队获得了胜利; not ... but6.Answer:Football fans are often highly regarded not for their own achievement, but through their connection to a team that wins.7.4. 尽管演员的演技高超,这部长达3个小时的电影还是未能吸引住我们;despite8.Answer:Despite the actors’ wonderful acting, the three-hour movie could not hold our attention.9.5.王教授是我能唯一指望救我儿子的大夫;rely on10.Answer:Professor Wang is the only doctor I canrely on to save my son1. 当我们知道有人从这次洪水中幸存下来时激动得都要飞起来,但当我们怎么也找不到失踪的那几个同学时,心情也跌底;Answer:1. We hit the heights when we got the news that someone survived the flood and reach thedepths of despair when we can not find the classmates lost in this accident.2. 我们赢得这场比赛的机会要比那些经常训练的人少得多;Answer:The opportunities for us to win the match are much fewer tha who practice often,3. 我们所做到一切不是为了获得名或者利,而是为了让更多人的希望;Answer:What we did is not for fame or fortune of ourselves,but for the hopes of more people.4. 他把自己在学校的糟糕表现归咎于自己贫困的家庭,而不是自身的懒惰;Answer:He blamed his poor performance in school on his poor family background,rather that onhis own laziness.5. 大学生所面临的一个重要困难是如何把学到的知识应用到实践中去;Answer:One of the difficulties college students face is how to apply what they have learned in schoolto practice.名词性从句的翻译Noun Clauses在句子中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句Noun Clauses;名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,因此名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句;1. 名词性that-从句的翻译that只起连接主句和从句的作用,本身没有词意,翻译时只译出从句的意义即可;ExamplesThat he is still alive is sheer luck.他还活着全靠运气;John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday.约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去;The fact is that he has not been seen recently.事实是近来谁也没有见过他;The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.近来谁也没有见过他,这一事实令办公室所有的人感到不安;that-从句作主语通常用it作先行词,而将that-从句置于句末;Δ用it作先行词结构的翻译:1 It is +名词+从句It is a fact that ... 事实是;It is an honor that ... 非常荣幸;It is common knowledge that ... 是常识2It is +形容词+从句It is natural that ... 很自然;It is strange that ... 奇怪的是3It +不及物动词+从句It seems that ... 似乎;It happened that ... 碰巧4It +过去分词+从句It is reported that ... 据报道;It has been proved that ... 已证实2. 名词性wh-从句的翻译wh-词包括who, whom, whose, whoever, what, whatever, which, whichever等连接代词和where,when, why等连接副词;翻译时既可译出这些连接词语的疑问含义,又常按其实际所指变通译成“的东西”、“的地方”、“的时间”、“的原因”等;Examples How the book will sell depends on its author.我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌In one’s own home one can do what one likes.在自己家里可以随心所欲;The club will give whoever wins a prize.俱乐部将给得胜者发奖;My question is who will take over presidency of the Foundation. 我的问题是谁将接任该基金会的主席职位;She will name him whatever she wants to.她高兴给他起什么名字就起什么名字;I have no idea when he will return.我不知道他什么时候回来;I’m not sure why she refused their invitation.我尚不能肯定她为什么拒绝他们的邀请;That depends on where we shall go.那取决于我们去哪儿;wh-从句作主语也常用先行词it作形式主语,而将wh-从句置于句末, Examples It is not yet decided who will do that job.还没决定谁做这项工作;It remains unknown when they are going to get married. 他们何时结婚依然不明;Δwh-从句常用结构的翻译:Examples What you need is ...你需要的东西是How +从句+is up to you.什么的方法/途径由你决定;Where +主语+谓语+is none of your business.什么地方与你无关;Why +主语+谓语+is a secret.为什么还是个谜;It is not clear who ...谁还不清楚;3. 名词性从句否定转移的翻译1 think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到了主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式;ExamplesI don’t think I know you.我想我并不认识你;I don’t believe he will come.我相信他不会来;2seem, appear等后的从句的否定,转移到了前面;ExamplesIt doesn’t seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪里去;It doesn’t appear that we’ll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气;3有时整个从句的否定,转变为对谓语动词的否定;Example It’s not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人;Unit 71.对考试结果我无法预料,我们只有等着瞧了;inkling2.Answer:I have no inkling about the examination results, we shall have to wait and see.3.2. 我不知道到底发生了什么事,但是他们一小时前就该到达这里的;suppose to4.Answer:I don’t know what happened, but they were supposed to be here an hour ago.5.3. 他今天穿的衬衫的颜色与领带很不相配;match6.Answer:The color of the shirt he is wearing today does not match that of his tie.7.4. 经过数年的准备和积累,我终于开始了写作生涯;commit8.Answer:After years of preparation and accumulation, I have committed to a writing career fi nally.9.5. 我已经告诉我的孩子们要学着把自己的抽屉清理好;clear out10.Answer:I have asked my kids to learn to clear out their drawers1.我当时没有意识到发生在万里之外的美国的事情会这么快就被这些村民知道了;Answer:I didn’t realize then that the thing taking place in America which is 10 thousand miles awaywouldbe known by the villagers here so soon.2.正是在国外生活的这三年使我学会了人与人之间相处的原则;Answer:It tookthe three-year-experience of living abroadfor me tolearn interpersonal communication principles.3.我已经明白了正如在任何超市里一样,电脑里的一切都应该是系统化地安排的;Answer:I have learned thatin computer,asin any super market, everything should be systematically arranged.4.这家正被媒体热切讨论的公司正是我们的合作伙伴, 正如其他消费者一样,我们也会密切关注事态的发展;Answer:The companythat is hotly discussed in mass media is our cooperatorand we, likemany other costumers, will closely see how things progress.5.当我们意识到自己的责任以后,我们应该做的就是勇敢地面对来自各方面的挑战;Answer:Whenwe have realized our responsibility,whatwe should doisto confront various challenges. 状语从句的翻译Adverbial Clauses英语的状语从句种类较多,为了符合汉语的表达习惯,翻译的时候应注意从句子语序和词语的省略两方面考虑;语序:英语状语从句位置比较灵活,翻译时应根据汉语结构的需要,对语序作必要的调整;省略:为了避免累赘,要注意汉语中常将从句的主语和连词省略;例如:语序1 He always goes wherever he is in urgent need.哪里需要他,他就到哪里去;2 She passed the CET 4 because she had studied very hard.因为学习努力,所以她顺利地通过了英语4级;如果强调结果,也可把从句译在后面3 Chongqing has undergone great changes since it became a municipality.自从成为直辖市以来,重庆发生了巨大的变化;4 We would have accomplished the task much easier if you had come to help us.要是你来帮我们,完成这项任务本可以更容易些;5 Y ou shouldn’t have given up so early, though you met with a lot of difficulty.虽然有很多困难,你也不应该这么早就放弃;省略1 Please let me know in case you need my help.如果需要帮助,请告知我;2 As soon as you get the order, you should set out immediately.一旦接到命令,你应该立即出发;3 We might have a rest after we finish the project.完成这个项目,我们可以休息一下;4 He didn’t come to class because he was seriously injured in the football match.他在足球比赛中严重受伤, 没来上课;5 Rich as you are, you shoul dn’t look down upon the poor.你虽然有钱, 也不应该瞧不起穷人;Unit 81.无论我们遇到什么样的困难,我们都应该想办法克服它;overcome2.Answer:No matter what difficulties we come across, we should try our best to overcome them.3.2. 尊老爱幼是中华民族传统的美德;traditional4.Answer:Respecting the old and caring for the young is a traditional Chinese virtue.5.3. 今天,各行各业的人都在努力提高自己的知识水平以便跟上时代的发展;all walksof life6.Answer:Today, people from all walks of life are trying to acquire more knowledge to keep pace with the development of the times.7.4. 孩子们特别喜欢卡通片;have a fancy for / take a fancyto8.Answer:Children have a fancy for cartoons.9.5. 鉴于他们缺乏经验,这工作他们做得不错;given that10.Answer:Given that they are lacking in experience / inexperienced / green hand, they have done a good job1.当她不得不在家庭与工作之间做出选择时,她陷入了两难境地;Answer:She ran into a dilemma when she had to make a choice between family and her career.2.尽管我承认这些问题挺棘手,但我不相信他们无法解决;Answer:But while I admit that the problems are difficult, I don't agree that they can't be solved.3.由于他犯下了那样严重的罪行,受到严厉的处罚似乎是很自然的;Answer:Since he had committed such a serious crime,it seemed natural that he should be severely punished.4.如果你真的想给你老板留下深刻印象,你就应该有创造性的思维;Answer:If you really want to impress your boss, you should have some original ideas.5.这一现象并不令人吃惊,考虑到他们为克服这些困难所做出的辛苦努力的话;Answer:This is not surprising, given that they have made painstaking effort to overcome the difficulties.长句的翻译Long Sentences翻译长句时应从语法上分析全句,通过语法分析,弄清长句中各部分之间的语法关系,特别要弄清楚哪个是主句,主句中的主语、谓语和宾语是什么以及整个句子的时间先后顺序和逻辑关系,然后按照汉语的特点和表达方式把句子译成若干短句,并安排好各短句之间的次序;下面三种方法有助于我们译好长句;1.顺译法:A partition runs down the center of the heart, dividing it into left and right sections which work at the same time but deal with two different types of blood.一道隔膜穿过心脏中间,把心脏分成左右两个部分,两个部分同时活动,但却处理两种类型的血液;2.逆译法: What easier way is there for a nurse, a policeman, a barber, or a waiter to lose their professional identity than to step out of uniform对于护士、警察、理发师或是服务员来说,要使人们看不出他们的职业身份,还有什么比脱下制服更容易的方法呢3.分译法: But for many, the fact that poor people are able to support themselves almost as well without government aid as with it is in itself a huge victory.但在许多人看来,穷人能不靠政府救济养活自己,而且生活得几乎和依靠政府救济一样好,这本身就是一个巨大的胜利; 事实上,有些长句的翻译同时要用到两种或两种以上的方法,在翻译的过程中还需运用增词法、减词法和重复法等翻译技巧;若不善于使用这些翻译技巧,即使看懂了句子结构,表达起来也难免不够通顺;。
Unit4SpaceExplorationReadingandThinking课后作业高中英语人教版
英语必修三Unit 4 Space Exploration课后作业一、词汇1._________ v.探索;_________n.探索2.__________adj. 精神的,思想的,智力的;__________ adv.智力地3.__________adj. 有智慧的,聪明的,有智力的;__________n. 智力,才智4.__________adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的;__________v.决定;查明;确定__________n. 决心;决定5.__________v&n发射;发起;上市二、短语1.对......感到好奇_______________2.参加飞行员训练_______________3.实现梦想_______________4.传输数据_______________5.开展太空探索_______________6 .持续的工作_______________7在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上_______________8.建立空间站_______________9.作出测量和观察_______________10.巨大的风险_______________三、课文语法填空节选SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIERBefore the mid20th century, most people felt travelling into space was __1____ impossible dream. However, some scientists were___2____(determine) to help humans realize their dream to explore space. After many ___3___(experiment), they succeeded ___4__ making rockets ___5___ could escape Earth’s gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite___6___(launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on ___7____(send) people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong __8___ (step) onto the moon, famously saying, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”___9__ (follow) this, many more goals were achieved. For example, America’s NASA space agency launched V oyager 1 on 5 September 1977 ___10___( study) deep space, and it still transmits data today.答案一、词汇1.____explore_____ v.探索;___exploration______n.探索2.___mental_______adj. 精神的,思想的,智力的;____mentally______ adv.智力地3.____intelligent______adj. 有智慧的,聪明的,有智力的;___intelligence_______n. 智力,才智4.___determined_______adj. 有决心的;意志坚定的;__determine________v.决定;查明;确定____determination______n. 决心;决定5.___launch_______v&n发射;发起;上市三、短语1.对......感到好奇_____be curious about__________2.参加飞行员训练____attend a pilot training___________3.实现梦想_____realize one’s dream__________4.传输数据______transmit data_________5.开展太空探索___carry on space exploration____________6 .持续的工作___ongoing work____________7在宇宙飞船上;在船上;在飞机上___on board____________8.建立空间站_____establish a space station__________9.作出测量和观察_____make measurements and observations__________10.巨大的风险__huge risks_____________三、课文语法填空节选SPACE: THE FINAL FRONTIERBefore the mid20th century, most people felt travelling into space was__1_an___ impossible dream. However, some scientistswere___2_determined___(determine) to help humans realize their dream to explore space. After many ___3experiments__(experiment), they succeeded ___4 in__ making rockets ___5_that\which__ could escape Earth’s gravity. On 4 October 1957, the Sputnik 1 satellite___6_was launched__(launch) by the USSR and successfully orbited around Earth. Afterwards, the USSR focused on __sending_7____(send) people into space, and on 12 April 1961, Yuri Gagarin became the first person in the world to go into space. Over eight years later, on 20 July 1969, American astronaut Neil Armstrong __8_stepped__ (step) onto the moon, famously saying, “That’s one small step for a man, one giant leap for mankind.”___9_Following_ (follow) this, many more goals were achieved. For example, America’s NASA space agencylaunched V oyager 1 on 5 September 1977 __to study_10___( study) deep space, and it still transmits data today.。
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// C_SqStack.h 栈的顺序存储表示 #define STACK_INIT_SIZE 5// 存储空间初始分配量 #define STACKINCREMENT 2 // 存储空间分配增量 struct SqStack { SElemType *base; // 在栈构造之前和销毁之后,base 的值为 NULL SElemType *top; // 栈顶指针 int stacksize; // 当前已分配的存储空间,以元素为单位 }; // 顺序栈
4
---operate.cpp
//operate.cpp /*操作函数 1.接收输入信息的函数 void GetMeg(char *str) 3.检测输入的车号在停车场 栈是否存在(离开时要考虑)int Check(Sqstack Sa,SElemType e) 4.让栈 Sa 中元素 e 上方所有元素都转移到栈 Sb,弹出 e,再将已转移的元素放回到 Sa 的函 数 Transfer(SqStack &Sa,Sqstack &Sb,SElemType e) 5.控制让某一辆车离开停车场的函数 Leave(SqStack &Sa,SElemType e) 6.控制让某一辆车进入停车场或是便道的函数 Enter(SqStack &Sa,SqQueue &Qw,SElemType e) 7.随时检查栈区是否满,是否需要将循环队列的元素添加到栈区的函数 renew(SqStack &Sa,SqQueue &Qw) */ int visit(ElemType e) { printf("%5s ",e.No); return 0; } void print(ElemType e) { printf("%5s ",e.No); } int GetMeg(ElemType &e) { //获取被操作车辆的车牌号 int len,i; char str[8]; //检查车牌号的合理性 printf("车牌号:"); fflush(stdin); gets(str); len=strlen(str); if(len!=5)//在测试时为了简便,可以改为 len>5 { printf("请检查输入的车牌号长度!\n"); return 0; } for(i=0;i<len;i++) if((!isalnum(str[i]))) { printf("请检查输入的车牌号!\n"); return 0; } strcpy(e.No,str); return 1; } int Renew(SqStack &Sa,SqQueue &Qw) {//更新一次停车场与便道上的车辆,前提是停车场刚有车辆离开 ElemType e; if((!QueueEmpty(Qw)))//便道上有车辆 { DeQueue(Qw,e); Push(Sa,e); } return 0; }
三、实验环境:Visual C++6.0
四、实验设计原理 1.先确定基本的数据结构,停车场用堆栈,便道用循环队列,另外在选择一辆车离开 时,需设计一个缓存栈。 2.基本的操作有停车,和离开。 停车:需考虑的方面 1.车牌号是否合法(利用 GetMeg 函数接受信息时检查) ,合法返回 1,不合法返 回 0。 2.车牌号是否已经存在(利用 Check 函数检查) ,存在返回 1,不存在返回 0。 3.考虑停车场是否已满(len==Sa.stacksize) ,停满就停在便道上。 离开: 1.检查车旁号是否存在(Check) ,存在就删除(Delete) ,返回 1,否则不进行任 何操作,返回 0. 2.重新刷新便道与停车场里的车辆(Renew) ,如果便道上有车,而停车场里有空 位,就将便道里的车停到停车场里,前提是有一辆车刚刚成功离开。
二、实验内容:设停车场内只有一个可停放几辆汽车的狭长通道,且只有一个大门可供汽 车进出。汽车在停车场内按车辆到达时的先后顺序,依次由北向南排列(大门在最南 端,最先到达的第一辆车停放在车场的最北端) ,若车场内已停满几辆汽车,则后来 的汽车只能在门外的便道上等候,一旦停车场内有车开走,则排在便道上的第一辆车 即可开入;当停车场内某辆车要离开时,由于停车场是狭长的通道,在它之后开入停 车场的车辆必须先退出车场为它让路,待该辆车开出大门外后,为它让路的车辆再按 原次序进入车场。在这里假设汽车不能从便道上开走。试设计一个停车管理程序。
// C_SqQueue.h 队列的顺序存储结构(可用于循环队列和非循环队列) #define MAXQSIZE 9 // 最大队列长度(对于循环队列,最大队列长度要减 1) struct SqQueue { QElemType *base; // 初始化的动态分配存储空间 int front; // 头指针,若队列不空,指向队列头元素 int rear; // 尾指针,若队列不空,指向队列尾元素的下一个位置 };
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
6
---operate.cpp
ElemType etemp;//缓存元素 SqStack temp;//记住销毁 len=StackLength(Sa); InitStack(temp); for(i=0;i<len;i++) { Pop(Sa,etemp); if(!strcmp(e.No,etemp.No))//相同 { len_temp=StackLength(temp); for(i=0;i<len_temp;i++) { Pop(temp,etemp); Push(Sa,etemp); } DestroyStack(temp);//销毁 return 1; } else//未找到相同项 Push(temp,etemp); } DestroyStack(temp);//销毁 return 0; } int Leave_one(SqStack &Sa,SqQueue &Qw) {//使停车场中的一辆车离开或是便道上的出口处的车离开 ElemType e,temp; if(GetMeg(e))//1 输入信息正确 { if(Check(Sa,e)||Check_Q(Qw,e))//2 车牌号存在 { if(Check(Sa,e))//检查栈区,若存在则删除 { Delete(Sa,e); return 1; } if(Check_Q(Qw,e))//检查队列,若存在且在队首则删除,否则,不能删除 { GetHead(Qw,temp); if(!strcmp(temp.No,e.No)) { DeQueue(Qw,temp); return 0; } else//在队列里,但不在队首不能删除 { printf("该车不在出口处,不能离开!\n"); return 0; } } } else//车牌号不存在 { printf("该车牌号不存在\n");
五、实验详细实现过程与算法流程
2
---experiment4.cpp
//experiment4.cpp #include "c1.h" #include "C_SqQueue.h" #include "C_SqStack.h" #include "SqQueue.cpp" #include "SqStack.cpp" #include "operate.cpp" //目前缺队列排满了的处理方案 int main() { char option; SqStack Sa; SqQueue Qw; InitQueue(Qw); InitStack(Sa); ElemType e; printf("在本程序设计中,便道能停 8 辆车,停车场能停 5 辆车\n"); printf("重要提示:\n 输入车牌号时\n 不包含城市简称共五位如鄂 A54321\n 就只需输入 54321 五位即可\n 但必须是五位且由字母和数字组成\n\n\n"); start: { printf("---------操作选择----------\n1--停车 2--离开 3--退出系统\n"); fflush(stdin); scanf("%c",&option); } if(option=='1') { Enter(Sa,Qw,e); Show(Sa,Qw); goto start; } if(option=='2') { Leave(Sa,Qw); Show(Sa,Qw); goto start; } if(option=='3') { DestroyQueue(Qw); DestroyStack(Sa); return 0; } DestroyQueue(Qw); DestroyStack(Sa); return 0; }
3
---三个头文件 // c1.h (程序名) #include<string.h> #include<ctype.h> #include<malloc.h> // malloc()等 #include<limits.h> // INT_MAX 等 #include<stdio.h> // EOF(=^Z 或 F6),NULL #include<stdlib.h> // atoi() #include<io.h> // eof() #include<math.h> // floor(),ceil(),abs() #include<process.h> // exit() #include<iostream.h> // cout,cin // 函数结果状态代码 #define TRUE 1 #define FALSE 0 #define OK 1 #define ERROR 0 #define INFEASIBLE -1 // #define OVERFLOW -2 因为在 math.h 中已定义 OVERFLOW 的值为 3,故去掉此行 typedef int Status; // Status 是函数的类型,其值是函数结果状态代码,如 OK 等 typedef int Boolean; // Boolean 是布尔类型,其值是 TRUE 或 FALSE struct car_name{ char No[6]; }; typedef struct car_name QElemType; typedef struct car_name SElemType; typedef struct car_name ElemType;