HND_商务沟通_outcome1
HND演示技巧outcome1
Presentation SkillsF84E 35 (Outcome one)Name:SCN:CLASS:Content pageIntroduction (2)Findings (2)Presentation to banchory residents (2)Presentation to parents and teachers group (4)Presentation to Local councillors (7)Conclusion (9)Reference (9)IntroductionThis report describes 6 ways of speaking, and the analysis of the combination of scenes. PPT, CD-ROM, photographs and pictures, videos , graphs and charts ,objects and models.FindingsPresentation to banchory residentsTwo methods chosen1.PPT2. CD-ROMHow to use the two methods1. Put pictures, videos and information into the PPT, so as to facilitate the audience more intuitive understanding of the content of the speech. Before the banchory residents into green and new house style are made into a video on ppt. Enterprise speakers can watch the video and residents banchory to explain, so that residents banchory can be very clear to get the answer to the question. Then the road improvement and the issue of housing density through the picture into the PPT, the enterprise speaker through the banchory residents PPT through the picture and explain, so that residents can be very clear to get the answer to the question.2. Residents banchory consider the problem, you can go to find the problem has been solved CD-ROM, so that residents banchory understanding of the problem can be easily solved. This can make residents banchory more simple to understand the content of the speech. The enterprise can make banchory residents look at the speaker and illustrate that banchory residents can get the answer is very clear.Why these have been selected1.The purpose of the presentationCompany representatives and residents together discuss proposed problems: density of housing for each site, the new housing fitting in' with existing styles, access and road improvements and landscaping and boundary issues. The purpose of the presentation is to allay fears, answer questions, provide details of proposed housing styles and present an illustration of how the village will look at the end of the development work. PPT and CD-ROM the two speech can alleviate the concerns of banchory residents, because of focus have presented the problem to the banchory residents of these two ways can be clearly, let banchory residents can get a clearer and more comprehensive answer.2. The nature and the size of the audienceThe number of local residents -150 is 100 people banchory, belonging to a large-scale speech. PPT and CD-ROM can use big screen to make the presence of all the banchory residents are heard and seen speech content, and the CD-ROM data to more convincing, can take care of every one in the presence of local banchory residents. The audience all belong to the local residents banchory, and the number of people are more, all of the degree of every culture has. And CD-ROM PPT can take care of people in every level of education, because residents can be through photos and videos to understand the situation. Residents banchory can make a better understanding of the content of the speech.3. The venue of the presentationThis presentation of the site is the village hotel banquet hall can sit 100-150, speech is relatively large site. In the extensive field speech are most worried about is the audience the audience can clearly hear presentations, PPT and CD-ROM wouldn't have such problems, because the PPT and CD-ROM can use big screen playing to the audience the audience clearer and better understanding to all of the content and the answers.Advantages1.Advantages PPT has the speaker does not move back and forth.2.PPT advantage that can make the content more rich, because PPT can put a lot of different knowledge, such as photos and videos.3. PPT advantage that can combine the sound.4. PPT advantage is convenient and quick.5. Advantage of the CD-ROM it is convenient to copy computer data to CD.6. Advantage of the CD-ROM is a large amount of data.Disadvantages1. The disadvantage is that ppt computer emergency situation is not good control.2. ppt drawback is dark environment.3. The disadvantage of CD-ROM is that CD-ROM can only use the content, can not be modified.4. The disadvantage of CD-ROM is that it is easy to be damaged, and the data is gone.Presentation to parents and teachers groupTwo methods chosen1. photographs and pictures2. videosHow to use the two methods1. Enterprise speaker can advance the picture of the planning area to see parents and teachers group, which can be more intuitive and real audience to understand the contents of the speech.Each speaker can give the audience a picture made, every listener can be more detailed and comprehensive picture of the learned new classrooms and new playground look.Parents and teachers group to see the pictures,you can integrated the various aspects to make recommendations, companies can put proposals to modify the record.2. Enterprise speaker can give parents and teachers group videos to explain the contents of the videos in the audience can quickly get the point. In his speech, parents and teachers group needs more intuitive, so use videos to presentations more persuasive. Enterprise speaker can put new classrooms and new playground analog videos presented to parents and teachers group, so parents and teachers group can be very detailed to watch the speech focus and make recommendations.Why these have been selected1. The purpose of the presentationCompany representatives, parents and teachers gathering together discuss the construction of the new adventure play area, new wildlife garden, including a pond, and updating school library with more 'quiet zones' and 15 new computers. The aim of this presentation is to present to parents and teachers the proposed plans for these areas and to encourage them to recommend ideas and suggestions. The local council is also taking this opportunity to upgrade existing facilities in the school. photographs and pictures and videos of these two methods can be fully speech to the audience to provide comprehensive and detailed information that allows parents and teachers group fully understand the new classrooms and a new playground, detailed pictures and videos can make listeners Presentations more understanding. Clarity, better advice.2. The nature and the size of the audienceThe number of listeners initially set at 18 people, which is a small-scale presentations, the speakers and audience interaction is very important. photographs and pictures and videos of these two speeches are suitable for small-scale ways of speech, Because corporate spokesman and let parents and teachers group to better face to face communication, making communication more accuracy. The speaker can use pictures and videos to answer audience questions, you can also interact with the audience, take advice.3. The venue of the presentationSpeech venue is a large classroom, the size of the classroom is limited, so the site will not be very broad. And the equipment of the classroom is very comprehensive, so the speaker with videos and photographs and pictures these two kinds of speech is very appropriate. These two methods are more convenient for the interaction between the speaker and the audience. Can maximize the effect of the speech, and be able to absorb better recommendations.Advantages1. The advantage of photographs and pictures is to give people the impression deeply, the effect is good.2. The advantage of photographs and pictures is that the picture is vivid and concise.3. Photographs and pictures advantage is high, the picture can be better reflected.4. The advantages of photographs and pictures is a high concrete, pictures can take the language specific presentation in front of the audience.5. Videos advantage is high efficiency and improve the effect of speech.6. Advantage of videos is real high, real videos are shot.Disadvantages1. The disadvantage photographs and pictures it is inconvenient to take notes.2. The disadvantage photographs and pictures that the audience will feel boring.3. The disadvantage is inconvenient to record videos.4. The disadvantage is that videos during playback, may cause the listener's attention is not focused.Presentation to Local councillorsTwo methods chosen1. graphs and charts2. objects and modelsHow to use the two methods1. Enterprises can use the speakers in detail and charts to explain the content of the speech to local councillors, so you can make the audience better understand the content of speech. To speak to local councillors is very formal, the graphs and charts presented to the local councillors is more appropriate. Business speaker in the form of a chart to the traffic survey data presented to the audience, the audience focus on the content can be found in the chart.2. Corporate speakers can be carried out after the graph model entities to explain the content to local councillors, allowing the audience clearly see and feel the expansion of the village simulation. And give local councillors very formal speech, objects and models used in formal speech speech mode. Companies can give each speaker a local councillors see, get in front of each listener, so local councillors can be very detailed understanding of the situation and can make good suggestions.Why these have been selected1. The purpose of the presentationRepresentatives of the company and local members together discuss finalized timetable for project starting spring of next year, data from traffic survey carried out by QinitiQ along with their predicted figures for traffic flow on project completion and recommendations from Scottish Natural Heritage (SNH) on native tree planting proposal. Within the council there has been strong support for expansion of existing villages as opposed to establishing new villages. Graphs and charts can be formal way this speech to the audience and explain in detail the content of the speech, objects and models can be more intuitive and clearly explain the contents of the speech can be made more efficient.2. The nature and the size of the audienceThis meeting will take place in the council chambers and there will be a group of 35 people which consists of councillors and representatives from planning, roads and transport and environmental services. The speech 35 audience, a medium size. Enterprises should pay attention to the speaker and every local councillors interaction, Graphs and charts can be used to chart the performance of the content and the ability for everyone to communicate, when rendered objects and models so that we can more intuitive understanding of the content of speech.3. The venue of the presentationSpeech is the place of the meeting room, is a very formal place. It is necessary to use concrete data and detailed accessories to make the speech more formal and professional. graphs and charts speech mode and speech mode objects and models in a formal occasion to explain to the audience the content of speech, so that the audience better understand the presentation content and more explicit.Advantages1.Advantages graphs and charts of high authenticity, charts are based on real information made.2.Advantages graphs and charts is convincing high.3.Advantages graphs and charts that make speech very intuitive.4.Advantages graphs and charts is to make a more detailed presentation.5.Advantages objects and models is more formal, more suitable for speech.6.Advantages objects and models is persuasive relatively large, we can look at the model to explain at the same time.Disadvantages1. The disadvantage graphs and charts that fit in a certain field, people with expertise to understand and intuitive content.2. The disadvantage graphs and charts is the long production time.3. The disadvantage objects and models is not convenient to carry.4. The disadvantage objects and models have cost too costly.ConclusionThis report introduces 6 ways of speaking in 3 scenarios. Respectively is PPT, CD-ROM, photographs and pictures, videos , graphs and charts ,objects and models. And combined with the scene for the purpose of speech, the number of speech and speech scene for a detailed analysis. And summed up the advantages and disadvantages of the 6 ways of speech.ReferenceScottish Qualifications Authority,(2006).Presentation Skills, Peking Economic Times Press,11-31.。
商务沟通技巧报告outcome
Communication: Analysing and Presenting Complex CommunicationUnit Student GuideDE3N 34Outcome 2Contents33service 3What is customer service? 3 life 344The university hospital 5 and studying 5Facility 5Teachers strength 6 curriculm 6Prospects 7Extracurricular activity 8 activity center 8Sports activity 8 Conclusion 910Appendices 11IntroductionThis report is for assessment in the Communications unit of the Higher National Certificate in customer service. The aim of this report is to investigate the way in which customer services of Nankai University. The objectives of the report are to define what customer service is and to look at how customer services provided in Nankai University.ProcedureTo source this report:a) A number of books on customer surveys were consulted.b) Information on customer surveys was taken from internet websites.c) Information was gathered from an interview with the Nankai University students.Customer surveyswhat is customer surveys?Customer service is a customer oriented values, its integration and management in the pre-set the optimal cost - service portfolio of all the ingredients of a customer interface. Broadly speaking, any can improve customer satisfaction contents belong to customer service scope.lifeDormitaryAs for the specific accommodation, Nankai there are two places to stay, a district in the South Park Xiangyu, a hospital in the north campus of Nankai. Undergraduate: RuXi dormitory building 5 and earth, spread the bed, bunk bed desk. One floor has a bathroom. The second floor 6 beds, bunk. 4 Building IV Room, capped a bed, bunk bed is the desk, every house with a separate pit.Campus dormitory 6 beds, bunk the headquarters, 21 residential apartments and the Western better conditions, a large unit in sets of 4-5 4 earth, above the bed below the desk, plus a separate desk cabinet. Conditions quite other quarters.CanteenNorth School cafeteria prices were relatively cheap. Most people buy lunch at noon, to wait about 15 minutes, but you can also come from the classroom to avoid late peak. South Park canteen individual contract so the price because it is relatively high, do not look too tasty, very few go.A canteen, two canteens, canteen internshipA cafeteria breakfast good, the other is light-based, more girls to go;Two cafeteria on the first floor is the brother hodgepodge, not good but also expensive. On the second floor is not ye. The middle of the dumpling shop that Korean food and good; floor Xin Hong Park restaurant food is equivalent to a child, but also lacks delicious;Three first floor cafeteria breakfast is very cheap, on the secondfloor of the pasta well.Canteen frequented freshman, is relatively inexpensive;Triangle restaurant food good, prices are also authentic;Jinnan is known as a place with cooking waste oil, something very authentic unpalatable!90 is a place to drink, eat expensive and not good;Park is the foreign students should often go to restaurants where food is more expensive number, but foreigners seemingly wealthy, actually said to me very cheap. .The university hospitalNankai University Hospital, 35 existing employees in preparing it into medicine, surgery, radiology, and dental and Traditional Chinese Medicine and other departments.Two north of the main building to the university hospital the most commonly encountered situation is to give you a referral certificate. Boring, but the charges will be cheaper, or do a number of minorTeaching and StudyingFacilitiesClassroom and laboratory：There are many buildings for students to learn, like the administration building, the comprehensive test building, Chinese language teaching center, the new stadium, the first mathematical sciences such as building provides students with a good learning environment. They have advanced laboratory. The experimentteaching in chemistry, biology and physics, electrical and electronic four fundamental teaching center, they brought in the life science instrument platform and the polymer of large-scale instrument and equipment.The school laboratory：Schools to make full use of equipment, equipment management approach is very strict, very important to go through a number of regulatory constraints. Include: purchase, inspection and claims, use and management, assessment and punish, repair, scrap. The filing of the instrument also has an important archive requirements.Teachers strengthCurrently, Nankai University has a neat line, reasonable structure, academic exquisite, innovative teachers. In 2052 full-time teachers have doctoral instructor in 619, 723 professors, 787 associate professor, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Chinese Academy of Engineering 11, 5 Academy of Sciences in developing countries, "973" and "863" Chief Expert 9, the State Council degree Committee Subject 12, 12 state-level experts with outstanding contributions, distinguished Professor of Cheung Kong Scholars Program 31, 14 Changjiang scholar Chair Professor, National outstanding Youth Fund, 29 winners , selected countries talents Project 20, program for New Century excellent Talents in University (including the former Ministry of Education, cross-century talents fund) selected were 120 people, the national teacher of college teaching 8, Tianjin, "131" Talent Project first level 25.Not only do they have a wealth of knowledge but also have their only teaching style. They will be based on the character of the different students with different educational. Students in this university will have a well development.Professional curriculumNankai university is the famous medical arts with comprehensive university, the liberal arts subjects, such as finance, international finance, financial engineering, insurance study, insurance actuarial science, finance, international economic trade and applied economics, western economics, macroeconomics, microeconomics, political economics theory of economics, modern international logistics, industry and commerce administration, administrative management, political science, management science, history, tourism, Chinese literature and other professional subject in the leading position. Science subjects, such as science subject in the national life categories is the best. Such as mathematics and applied mathematics, physics and mathematics theory, optical and optical technology, intelligent robot technology, electronic information technology and software science, chemical materials, energy chemical, biological chemistry, biology, medicine, biology gene microbial science technique research ability and ranked the academic level. So, there are various profession options for students.Career prospectsIn domestic and foreign, Nankai university employment is possible, the college alumni is also widely to every corner of the world, in addition to the learning environment of a school superior outside, the school alsoopen network platform, through the Nankai university employment nets to provide a good platform for the students to better understand the employment information. After a few years of construction, the website whether from the function development, column setup to technical service level are achieved certain level. With your current site employment trends, employment guidance, employment policy, professional introduction, civil service examinations, laws and regulations, professional evaluation, recruitment, employment information, students and information service columns recommendation. In addition, the site also creative developed individualized service and management way, for every registered users and units provide users graduates of an independent virtual space for student online recruitment information, delivering customized electronic resume and employers recruitment information, receiving students released resume to provide a broad network space.Nankai university employment information can not only through the network information get understanding, school every year also holds a recruitment conference, each enterprise company came to select the people, so that students will have more opportunities to understand social employment situation.Extracurricular activitiesStudent Activity CenterNew student activity center investment of 100 million yuan, cover an area of about 13000 square meters, from the grey, black and brown rust 3 kinds of color aluminum panel is built, the contour novel chic, strongcontemporary feeling, like a piano. There are more than 1150 square meters of floor open hall, multi-function hall of more than 500 square meters and more than 1000 square meters of theatre, also have student service center, PaiLianTing symphony, make up, Musical Instruments, the classroom, activity room, library exhibition hall, the engine room and piano room, etc.Sports activitySchool to support the development of student sports organization, encourage and support them conducting various forms of student sports activities. School for student sports organization equipped with professional guidance teachers, most of the students in the exercise of the body while improving the skills. At present, the school has set up taijiquan, table tennis room, chess &cards room, tennis, football, martial arts, bicycle, badminton 16 student sports organization. Student sports organization is active with other colleges and universities jointly carrying out the sports communication, and other forms of sports activities and in communication enhance friendship, to broaden their horizons, improve level. Such as badminton association of tianjin university of successive hold more badminton team competition, and Beijing university badminton association exchange ", strengthen the two schools students of badminton sport cooperation and exchanges. Student sports organization also take an active part in tianjin game, won a very good performance, won the honor for the school. Badminton club won the 2007 "alpha cup" tianjin university badminton team competition champion.ConclusionThis report on field surveys, questionnaires and hands-on way to an interview survey of each customer's situation,Nankai University, and discover the pros and cons of these customer services. Generally speaking, most customers have some drawbacks, and most of the students reflect the same situation, we need to improve these problems.The problem of most students: the high price of dining, you could not use cash, part of the construction is too old school, teaching facilities incomplete, and some accommodation is no separate bathroom floor, easily lost in the campus bike. These are the schools need improvement, such as: canteen price adjustment, and allows the use of cash; old school relocation, new building construction equipment; for each dormitory building be equipped with separate toilet, to strengthen the management of the campus to combat theft .BibliographyThe websites visited included:The book is‘Communication: Analysing and Presenting Complex Communication Unit Student Guide’Appendices。
HND商务会计高级outcome 报告答案
Index pageIndex page………………………………………..…. Introduction…………………………………………. Background………………………………………..…FindingsSection 1…………………………………………Section 2…………………………………………Section 3…………………………………………Conclusion………………………………………….. Reference…………………………………………….IntroductionBackgroundSSP plc is a company operating in the food manufacturing industry. It is engaged in food processing, supplying all the main supermarket chains with first class process meat products. During the last few years the company has been difficult because of the BSE and Foot and Mouth disease made a declining demand for meat product. The bad outstanding achievement stopped in 2004 and a partial rebound in the market produced an increase in turnover by nearly 15%. It is expected that this rebound in the market will gather momentum over the coming year and the SSP plc is planning to take even greater strides forward by opening a new processing plant in Glasgow.As requested in the chief executive’s memo of 30 December, here is my report summarising and analysising the financial position of the SSP plc for the year 2003 and 2004.OutlineThe main body of the report will evaluate five parts:Part 1--- Analyze the users of financial information and the purpose of using.Part 2--- State of financial source and categorize with their characteristics.Part 3---Explain the cash flow statement of SSP plc.Analyze the recent financial performance and position of the SSP plc.(Including my recommendations about how to improvement of business performance) FindingsSection 1. Users of financial accounts.Users of financial statements are a group of people or organizations who use the information to make evaluations and decisions. Users of financial information can be divided into two categories: internal and external users.Now, I will use a table to show you the users’ purpose and sources of information they use to get the statements.Section 2. Source of financesTo run a business, organizations require finance for different proposes and for varying lengths of time. In the finance, we divide sources of capital into two categories: equity capital and loan capital. Equity capital is the finance provided by the owner and there is no interest to pay. Loan capital refers to money that is borrowed from a source outside the business. The interest of loan capital must be paid. Sources of finances could be clarified into short, medium and long term. The short-term refers to finance that are borrowed for a period of no more than one year. The medium-term refers to funds that are borrowed for a period of between two and ten years. Long-term refers to funds that are borrowed for a period of more than ten years.In the case study, the source of finances of SSP plc is: trade creditors, tax, bank overdraft, debentures, ordinary share capital and the retained profits from last account period.Short-term sources:1.Trade creditors:Trade creditors are produced when the purchase of raw materials or stock is delaying to pay, thus, there is more cash which would be used for other uses. There is also an interest free way of raising finance. However, the credit could lead to poor relations with suppliers and the customers may forfeit discounts.The credit is ￡544,000 in 2003 and it decreased to ￡405,000 in 2004. The percentage of decrease is %. The decrease of credit infers that SSP plc has a good financial situation that it hasa strong ability to pay credits back to suppliers. This could improve the relationship withsuppliers.2.Bank overdraft:Bank account holders can prearrange with the bank to draw cheques to a greater value than the actual balance in the account. Interest should be paid by customers and bank charges will apply where an overdraft limit has been exceeded. Bank overdraft is flexible and cheap. It has a low cost. Some small bank overdraft even has a free of charge.SSP plc had no overdraft but the number increased to ￡86,000 in 2004. The increase shows that the company borrowed money from bank for its expansion in Glasgow.Long-term sources:1.Debentures:Debentures are loans make to companies that carry a fixed rate of interest. The company’s fixed assets normally secure debentures. Debentures have a fixed time period or an open time period.The shareholders are not debenture holders. A debenture interest is paid as an expense not an appropriation of profit.SSP plc has a fixed debenture (￡1,560,000) in the year of 2003 and 2004. It tells us the company’s fixed assets are steady.2.Ordinary shares:Ordinary shareholders receiving pay-outs from company after preference shareholders are paid.Ordinary share dividends are not fixed and subject to company’s periodical performances and decisions of management in paying dividend.In SSP Company, the ordinary share capital is ￡1,950,000 in both 2003 and 2004. It infers that the company has a steady operation situation.3.Retained ProfitsThe retained profit is the finance brought from the last financial period. It is not fixed and may be a negative number. It presents operational situation of last period.The retained profits decreased from ￡505,000 to ￡420,000. The percentage change of decrease is %. The lower ratio shows us the company had made fewer profits in 2003 then it was in 2002.Section 3. Ratio Analysis1.Major inflows is Net cash flow operating activates of ￡1,345,000.Major outflow is Payments to acquire fixed assets, which takes ￡984,000.2.Ratio AnalysisProfitability Ratios:Gross Profit Percentage=Gross profit/Turnover x 100% 2003: GPP=￡7,000,000/￡11,674,000 x 100%=%2004: GPP=￡8,037,000/￡13,382,000 x 100%=%Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: The increase of ratio is a good sign. The positive trend can be an indication that stock control of meat product has improved, demand for the meat product has increased after the diseases, or purchasing policies have improved. The managers should keep the good trend and go on develop it, such as improving marketing strategy, setting better pricing policy, or improving stock control.✧Net Profit Percentage=Net Profit before Taxation/ Turnover x 100%2003: NPP=￡1,182,000/￡11,674,000 x 100%=%2004: NPP=￡901,000/￡13,382,000 x 100%=%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease of the ratio is a bad sign that it indicates a low profit of the company. From the P&L Account of the SSP plc, we know that although the gross profit increased, the operation cost is much higher in 2004; it leads to a decrease in net profit. So the managers should think about how to decrease our operation cost to help our company earn more profit.Liquidity Ratios:✧Current Ratio=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities2003: CR=￡1,195,000/￡767,000=2004: CR=￡1,248,000/￡701,000=Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: the increase of ratio is a good sign. Generally speaking a healthy current ratio is at least 2:1. The and indicate the company is a little bit over trading and have difficulty in meeting its short-term debts. The main reason for the increase is the increase in the total current assets and decrease in the total current liabilities. I suggest that the company may keepmore profit for the short-term debts.✧The Acid Test Ratio=Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities2003: (￡1,195,000-￡608,000)/￡767,000=2004: (￡1,248,000-￡796,000)/￡701,000=Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease is a bad sign. The ratio should be 1:1. But the ratio in both of 2003 and 2004 is less that 1. And unfortunately, the ratio is still decreasing. SSP plc meets a liquidity problem that the liquid assets decrease. The company managers should pay attention to this ratio and organization’s development.Efficiency Ratios:✧Fixed Asset Turnover=Turnover/Fixed Assets2003: ￡11,674,000/￡4,017,000= times2004: ￡13,382,000/￡4,318,000= timesTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: Where this ratio gas increase, this is a good sign. It indicates that the existing fixed assets are generating more sales and maybe investment in new fixed assets gas could be been paid off. Managers of SSP plc should develop and focus on it.✧Debtors Collection Period=Debtors/Turnover x 3652003: ￡306,000/￡11,674,000 x 365= days2004: ￡452,000/￡13,382,000 x 365= daysTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: It is a bad sign that there is an increase in DCP. It indicates that SSP’s may have a poor credit control of poor invoicing system. The bad debts may also increase. The leaders of SSP should check their invoicing and reminder system to keep the ratio a proper range.Investment Ratios:✧Interest Cover=Profit Before Interest & Tax/Interest Charges2003: ￡1,416,000/￡234,000=2004: ￡1,135,000/￡234,000=Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: This ratio shows how capable the company is of covering its interest charges. The decrease is not good because the company is less able to meet its interest payments. But the ratio is still in a reasonable range. Leaders should try to increase company’s profit to keep this ratio a high level.Debt Ratio=Total Debts/Total Assets x 100%2003: (￡767,000+￡1,560,000)/(￡4,017,000+￡1,195,000) x 100%=%2004: (￡701,000+￡1,560,000)/(￡4,318,000+￡1,248,000) x 100%=%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: It is a good sign that the ratio increased. However, a healthy ratio should keep around 50%. It indicates that SSP has fewer liabilities or keeps more assets. The sign should be kept by managers.3.RecommendationAfter reading and analyzing three accounts from SSP Company, I found some problems with it and now I will present my suggestions about the future management in these two parts.Operational recommendationA ratio of Net Profit Percentage shows us that SSP plc has a high expenditure in operation cost. Italso indicates that the company has a low level of cost control. Therefore, I suggest that SSP should try to decrease the costs of sales and the operation cost, such as adopting new management system and using contractors to find distribution channels but to find them itself.Financial recommendationFor the source of finance, SSP has a bad performance of financial operating. In the Cash Flow Statement, the Financing is ￡0, but the company is planning expansion in Glasgow. The main inflow of the company is the sales. It is a dangerous phenomenon if the company wants to use the turnover to expanse its business because it is impossible to use the current cash to support long-term investment. So I suggest that the company may increase the number of share capital or make more debentures to get more long-term capital for expansion.ConclusionBy analyzing the P&L Account, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Statement, we can infer that SSP plc has a good operational performance. However, there are still many parts to improve and develop to help the company maximize profits.Reference●Ray H. Garrison, Managerial Accounting, Business Publications Inc., 1985, Printed inAccounting for Non-accounting Students, Financial Times, 2004, Printed in Great Britain.●Frank Wood & Alan Sangster, Business Accounting 2, Financial Times, Pitman Publishing, 1999,Printed in China.。
商务行为技巧_outcome1原本
1. IntroductionFaboil Ltd is a successful organisation in the biotechnology field. The paternal approach is the most important factor for the success of credit for the company.At present, the monopoly position of Faboil Ltd has slowly eroded away and faces two competitors. The major causes are that the new products have failed to live up to market expectations and its modus operandi technology is at a backward stage.There are some conflictions in the coordination between departments. When Dr Brownlow believed that selecting Brenda Frame and Judith Smythe is a smart move, Richard and Fred were both negative about the course and suggested that no long-lasting benefits would be achieved. Purchasing team and sales and marketing team involved in the working parties of Brenda, but Richard adamantly refused to yield on the matter.This report will find the causes of problems in the company and give practical ideas and resolutions.2.Richard’s Managerial RolesHenir Fayol defined management as consisting of five main activities, planning, organizing, commanding, coordinating and controlling.Planning includes defining goals, establishing strategy, and developing plans to coordinate activities. Organising includes determining what tasks are to be done, who is to do them, how the tasks are to be grouped, who reports to whom, and where decision are to be made. Commanding is telling people what should be done. Coordinating involves determining the timing and sequencing of activities so that they mesh properly, allocating the appropriate proportions of resources, times and priority, and adapting means to ends. Controlling is the process of monitoring performance, comparing it with goals, and correcting and significant deviations.Richard did not act well in organi zing. He didn’t allocate the work appropriately because he gave Carole the major portion of workload which Carole could not cope. He did not act well in coordinating. When there drove a wedge between Carole and Joanne, as a director, Richard didn’t come to solve the problem, and he has not keep friendly relationship with other department. He also did not act well in commanding. He didn’t tell clearly to Carole what should to do, which is mislead Carole and makes her become disillusioned and angry with Richard and Joanne.Henry Mintzberg’s research divided ten management roles into three groups which are interpersonal roles, informational roles and decisional roles. Interpersonal roles include figurehead, liaison, leader; informational roles include monitor, disseminator and spokesperson; decisional roles include entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator and negotiator.In the figurehead, Richard didn’t act well in the whole company, the relationship with other department is not friendly, and the internal work allocating is not appropriately. In liaison, he couldn’t interact well with other department. Richard also did not act well in disseminator, he didn’t transmits the information to the subordinates. On several occasions, Carole had made decisions which had to be changed due to lack of information. He also did not well in resource allocator, he didn’t gave the appropriate work to the right people.3.Problems R esulted from Carole’s InassertivenessShe didn’t understand herself enough so that she did not really want to admit that she was unable to cope with these works. And she had unreal expectation to other people, and genuinely liked to please everyone by doing as much as she could to ensure that no-one could criticise the quality of her inp ut. What’s more, she was lack of effective communication, her decisions which had to be changed due to lack of information and communication from other stakeholders, and she decided to feedback her problemafter one month of extra workload.She should study to say no. When Richard allocated work to her, she should tell him her specialized subject and it is useful for leader to allocate works to her. She should to state her basic assertion to stand up for her rights. When she get problems in the work, she should immediately feedback to leader and not continue working without any straightforward statement. She also should study to broke record. She can use this when refusing unreasonable request and not please everyone by doing excessive working.4.Conflict of Carole and the ResolutionConflict is process which begins when one party perceives that another party has negatively affected, or is about to negatively affect, something the first party cares about.There is a conflict between Carole and Joanne. It belongs to the interpersonal conflict. Carole asked Joanne to take over the network analysis because she thought it is Joanne‘s specialism and is from a moral point of view, but Joanne refused to take on the additional workload because she thought that she is carrying out what Richard asked of her.The sources of conflict in working place include different goals, different time frames, different relationship, unequal power distribution, unclear roles & responsibilities and limited resources.The cause for the conflict of Carole is the different goals. The incorrect authority of Richard leads to the vague of working role, and in a great degree leads to the conflict.The consequence is that reducing personal and organizational performance, damaging to physical and emotional well-being, increasing the high stress levels and poorattitudes to work and harming the personal and working relationship between each other.Dealing with conflict can include ignoring the conflict, allowing the conflict continue, reducing or containing the conflict, resolving the conflict and preventing the conflict in the first place. Carole should enforce the communication with Joanne, and they can hold a meeting to resolve the problem.5. Time Management Techniques to help CaroleTime management is about our use of time in relation to what we want to achieve. Typical time stealers are that searching for things or people, longer travel time, correcting mistakes, doing unnecessary activities, interruptions, changing priorities, u nable to say “no”, waiting, clutter, procrastination.Carole had made decisions which had to be changed due to lack of information and communication from other stakeholders. It is time stealers of correcting mistakes. She is doing unnecessary activities because she received too much workload which she was unable to cope. She is unable to say no. And there is a time waster of interruptions for her. The post-it notes kept by staff interrupted her working.She should set priority by urgency and importance and confirm her work. And she should plan and schedule time to avoid interruption and in a great degree to reduce the post- it notes on her desk. She should do necessary work first and other matters can be solved at coffee break. She also should manage stress. Too much stress will reduce the working effectiveness. She can join in some activities to relax herself and it can help her to increase working effectiveness.6. Stress ManagementStress arises when individuals perceive that they cannot cope with the demands being made on them or with threats to their well-being.Behavioral signs of stress include aggression, withdrawal, difficulty in concentrating, moody, nervous shake and restlessness. Physical signs of stress include the elevated heart rate, palpitations, high blood pressure, sweating, skin disorders, stomach and bowel movement problems, plain, sleeplessness, headaches, cold hands and shortness of breath. Emotional signs of stress include weepy, depression, lack of interest, negative self talk, loss of concentration and fuzzy perception.Carole could not work effectively with Joanne and Ian. She was dejected and unconcentrated and also experiencing recurrent headaches. They are the signs of stress.There are a variety of mechanisms that can be used to manage stress. Avoidance of stressors which is to identify what particular stressors we are affected by and seek to remove or avoid them. Adaptive behaviours are techniques such as time management and assertiveness. Adaptive physical response which is to improve the diet, take more exercise and try to relax. Adaptive thinking and emotional response is changing how we view a situation by positive thinking and changing our “self talk”.Drinking excessive glasses of wine to help to unwind is not the correct approach to deal with stress. Carole should gain her control of time and take effective communication with workmates. After work she should have a good rest and eat for health. And she should find practical ways to relax, such as meeting with friends and cultivating personal interests.When dealing with stress in others, we should recognize signs of stress in others, identifying causes of stress in others and find appropriate ways to deal with the stess.Joanne had been off work and was suffering from a migraine and stomach bug due to the conflict. Carole and Joanne should deal with the conflict with each other. Calore didn’t have the authority to take over the network analysis to Joanne. She should negotiate with Richard and ask Richard to allocate to Joanne, because Richard is the leader and has the power to allocate work to subordinates.7. ConclusionThe core problem is lack of effective communication.Richard acted as the director of the company did not act well in the management activities of organizing, coordinating and commanding. And he also did not act well in the manager roles of figurehead, liaison and resource allocator. And he also has problem in giving authority to subordinates. The key factor leaded to his problem is that he didn’t have sufficient and effective communication with his staff and workmates.Based on increasing communication with other staff, Richard should allocate work according to different staff’s specialism and not give all the work to one subordinate. He should solve the conflict between staff immediately and he also should take care of keeping good relationship with other department. And when commanding works, he should express clearly what should be done. And he also should transmit information into the organisation in time.Carole had a pool time management. It in a great degree affected her work effectiveness. There was a high stress on her due to the conflict between her and Joanne. These problems were also caused by the poor communication.When Richard allocated work to her, she should tell him her specialized subject. When she got problems in work, she should immediately feedback to leader and notcontinues working without any straightforward statement. She also should refuse unreasonable request and not please everyone by doing excessive working. She should enforce the communication with Joanne, and they can hold a meeting to resolve their conflict. And she also should enforce her time management and find correct way to deal with stress.。
HND市场学导论outcome1
HND市场学导论outcome1Marketing: An IntroductionContentsIntroduction (3)Marketing concept (3)Pay attention to market research (3)Corporate Profit (3)Pay attention to the marketing plan (3)Marketing Orientation and Customer Relationship Management (4)After Service (4)The marketing environment (4)Types of Marketing Environment (5)Marketing Research&Information: (5)Find out enterprise’s problems and mistakes (5)Market Segmentation (5)Opponents of information (6)Marketing plan (6)Market research and information Introduction (6)Quantitative&Qualitative Research (6)Qualitative Research (6)In-depth interviews (6)Quantitative research (7)Face-to-Face surveys: (7)Segmentation & targeting (8)Research information (8)Market segmentation (8)Benefits of Market S&T (8)Conclusion (9)Reference (9)IntroductionThis report is writes for the Trusty-Land Food Company. The report consists of 5 point that includes the marketing environment segmentation and targeting, the market research and information and marketing conception. Making a final and review summary in the end.FindingsMarketing conceptPay attention to market researchThe organization researches the local environment that can help company to make market segmentation. Finally, the organization can meet customer?s demand.Corporate ProfitThe organization uses advanced technology or policy to improve the product in market. The organization enhances the market shares that will increase corporate profit.Pay attention to the marketing planThe organization pays attention to the customer?s demand competitions plan and own enterprise conditions. The marketing plan can ensure customer growth and growth enter company?s profit.Marketing Orientation and Customer Relationship ManagementThe organization is gives priority to the customer?s demand. The organization communicate and cooperate with customers that can help organization to take long-term benefits with customers.After ServiceThe organization reasonable to meets customer?srequirements. The organization mast timely and effective to deal with customer?s problem. Eventually the organizati on make customer satisfaction.The marketing environmentMicroenvironment:The Company met the specific conditions in the business environment and explores the relevance economic reasoning to managerial decision-making. The …Trusty-Land Food? formed a sales to large grocery chains. The large grocery chains includes Seven Eleven. But Seven Eleven wanted supplies under their name on Trusty-Land Food?s products, so the Seven Eleven become a competition. It affects the reputation of our products, costumer always pay great attention to packing. Trusty-Land–Food?s logo represent a big part and Seven Eleven?s logo represent a small part.In 2009, the “HealthMeat” is imperative for companies to increase their focus on retaining existing customers and attracting new ones. Bring the benefits to company from new ones. The companies adhere to innovation. Wide range of goods will attract more customers that can move the company forward.Macroenvironment: The bird flu and the mad cow scare appeared in 2005 and 2006 that decreased the customer?s demand. The bird flu and the mad cow scare appeare d that made the company lose great profits. Security checks in the supplier have becomestricter to help the bird flu and mad cow scare disappeared. The mass media should be propagandas food Trusty-Land Food Company?s products safety that can maintains sales.The new dietary guidelines had been proposed by government is reduce consumption by red meat and processed meat. The new dietary guidelines effect the company?s red meatand processed meat?s sales. Responding to government?s policy, the company reduce products of the red meat and processed meat and production more products of write meat. Responding the government?s policy can make the product sales to rise.Types of Marketing EnvironmentAccording to Philip Kotler in his book Principles of Marketing (4th European Edition), the marketing environment consists of all the actors and forces that affect the marketing management?s ability to develop and maintain successful relationships with its target customers. According to Gary Armstrong & Philip Kotler, Marketing: An introduction (10th Edition), a public indicates any group that has an actual or potential interest in or impact on an organization?s ability to achieve its objectives.Marketing Research&Information:Find out enterprise’s problems and mistakesI t can help enterprise to finds out enterprise?s problems and mistakes and then it can help enterprise to deal with problems and mistakes. It benefit the further development of the enterprise.Market SegmentationMarket segmentation can help the enterprise to makes market segmentation. The enterprise uses market segmentation to finds customers that can help enterprise to improve the product sales.Opponents of informationThe enterprise mast grasps the opponents of information to keeping the advantage of the enterprises in the competition. It beneficial to company development.Marketing planThe marketing research brings the information. The information helps enterprise to makes next marketing plan.Market research and information Introduction“The function linking the consumer, customer and public to the marketer through information that is used to identify and define marketing opportunities and problems, to generate, refine and evaluate marketing actions, to monitor marketing performance, and to improve understanding of the marketing process”Quantitative&Qualitative ResearchQualitative ResearchIn-depth interviewsThe Trusty-Land Food Company looks for three people to in-depth interviews. The three men is consumer representative and representative of major ad agencies and market development manager. The company in order to improve the sales of the company?s products that can attract more customers. Consumer representatives put forward opinions and suggestions on the quality of our meet?s products, to meet the majority of consumer preferences to make changes.Now advertising is very important to strengthen the use of the media to advertise. The representative of major ad agencies proposals combined with the company's characteristics and corporate culture. Recommendations includes the methods of packaging products and mass media. The success of the product packaging and advertising can attract more customers. The market development manager hear consumer representatives and representative of major ad agencies? recommendations that can improvements products. Such as advertising companies to listen to consumers representative of the appearance of the product preferences and consumers gets information through what kinds of the media, Advertising Company to understand thecorporate culture and characteristics through the market development manager. Three people to discusses and ultimately achieve the best packing effect and publicity of company?s products.Quantitative researchFace-to-Face surveys:The Investigation team to nearby food market in a number of neighborhoods face to face surveys before the lunch time and dinner time. The investigation team to conduct research on people who buy food, because most people cooks for family should buy food. Investigation team to understand people usually buy food to eat what kind of meat, raw food or cooked food which some more, people buy food for the food safety requirements, etc. Giving small gifts when the customers answered the question after. Small gifts may be the company's new tasting product. Through investigation, improvement of products that can increase sales.Segmentation & targetingResearch informationThe enterprises to understand the details of their own problem, such as the competitiveness of an enterprise; band effect; fiscal reserves.Knowing the market. Trusty-Land Food Company to understand that consumer?s consumption habit and hobby. The company respect the religious beliefs and customs, many people know that not eating pork is one of eating habits of the Muslim.Market segmentationThe company chooses religion from demographic segmentation to make market segmentation. The market is dividing a market into distinct groups of buyers with differentneeds, characteristics or behaviors, who might require separate products or marketing mixes and company evaluates each market segments. Philip Kotler also describes market targeting as “evaluating each market s egments segment?s attractiveness and selecting one or more of the market segment?s attractiven ess and selecting one or more of the market segments to enter.”The company chooses Catholic, Protestant, Jewish, Islamic from religion to do market segmentationMoslem do not eat pork .Using differentiated marketing in Moslem market, such as the company mast prints Islamic identity on food?s packaging. According to Muslim tastes to make improvements from the company's products.Benefits of Market S&TThrough making Market S&T and making continuous improvements, customer satisfaction scores and courtesy, along with market share, are on the rise. Our customers get hooked on the good product and setting up the good enterprise image, they will buy and become more loyal to our brand.ConclusionFinally, I recommend that companies adhere to market research and innovation that can make the company's product sales rise. I hope that the company develop better and better.ReferenceWang Huihong, WANG Jing, 2013, SQA Unit Student Guide on Marketing: An Introduction, China Modern Economic Publishing House.Kotler Philip, Wong V eronica, Saunders John, Armstrong Gary, 2005, Principles of Marketing 4th European Edition, Prentice Hall.。
HND商务会计高级outcome---报告标准答案
HND商务会计高级outcome---报告答案————————————————————————————————作者：————————————————————————————————日期：2Index pageIndex page………………………………………..…. Introduction…………………………………………. Background………………………………………..…FindingsSection 1…………………………………………Section 2…………………………………………Section 3…………………………………………Conclusion………………………………………….. Reference…………………………………………….IntroductionBackgroundSSP plc is a company operating in the food manufacturing industry. It is engaged in food processing, supplying all the main supermarket chains with first class process meat products. During the last few years the company has been difficult because of the BSE and Foot and Mouth disease made a declining demand for meat product. The bad outstanding achievement stopped in 2004 and a partial rebound in the market produced an increase in turnover by nearly 15%. It is expected that this rebound in the market will gather momentum over the coming year and the SSP plc is planning to take even greater strides forward by opening a new processing plant in Glasgow.As requested in the chief executive’s memo of 30 December, here is my report summarising and analysising the financial position of the SSP plc for the year 2003 and 2004.OutlineThe main body of the report will evaluate five parts:Part 1--- Analyze the users of financial information and the purpose of using.Part 2--- State of financial source and categorize with their characteristics.Part 3---Explain the cash flow statement of SSP plc.Analyze the recent financial performance and position of the SSP plc.(Including my recommendations about how to improvement of business performance) FindingsSection 1. Users of financial accounts.Users of financial statements are a group of people or organizations who use the information to make evaluations and decisions. Users of financial information can be divided into two categories: internal and external users.Now, I will use a table to show you the users’ purpose and sources of informati on they use to get the statements.Section 2. Source of financesTo run a business, organizations require finance for different proposes and for varying lengths of time. In the finance, we divide sources of capital into two categories: equity capital and loan capital. Equity capital is the finance provided by the owner and there is no interest to pay. Loan capital refers to money that is borrowed from a source outside the business. The interest of loan capital must be paid. Sources of finances could be clarified into short, medium and long term. The short-term refers to finance that are borrowed for a period of no more than one year. The medium-term refers to funds that are borrowed for a period of between two and ten years. Long-term refers to funds that are borrowed for a period of more than ten years.In the case study, the source of finances of SSP plc is: trade creditors, tax, bank overdraft, debentures, ordinary share capital and the retained profits from last account period.Short-term sources:1.Trade creditors:Trade creditors are produced when the purchase of raw materials or stock is delaying to pay, thus, there is more cash which would be used for other uses. There is also an interest free way of raising finance. However, the credit could lead to poor relations with suppliers and the customers may forfeit discounts.The credit is £544,000 in 2003 and it decreased to £405,000 in 2004. The percentage of decrease is 25.56%. The decrease of credit infers that SSP plc has a good financial situation that it has a strong ability to pay credits back to suppliers. This could improve the relationship with suppliers.2.Bank overdraft:Bank account holders can prearrange with the bank to draw cheques to a greater value than the actual balance in the account. Interest should be paid by customers and bank charges will apply where an overdraft limit has been exceeded. Bank overdraft is flexible and cheap. It hasa low cost. Some small bank overdraft even has a free of charge.SSP plc had no overdraft but the number increased to £86,000 in 2004. The increase shows that the company borrowed money from bank for its expansion in Glasgow.Long-term sources:1.Debentures:Debentures are loans make to companies that carry a fixed rate of interest. The company’s fixed assets normally secure debentures. Debentures have a fixed time period or an open time period.The shareholders are not debenture holders. A debenture interest is paid as an expense not an appropriation of profit.SSP plc has a fixed debenture (£1,560,000) in the year of 2003 and 2004. It tells us the company’s fixed assets are steady.2.Ordinary shares:Ordinary shareholders receiving pay-outs from company after preference shareholders are paid.Ordinary share dividends are not fixed and subject to company’s p eriodical performances and decisions of management in paying dividend.In SSP Company, the ordinary share capital is £1,950,000 in both 2003 and 2004. It infers that the company has a steady operation situation.3.Retained ProfitsThe retained profit is the finance brought from the last financial period. It is not fixed and may be a negative number. It presents operational situation of last period.The retained profits decreased from £505,000 to £420,000. The percentage change of decrease is16.83%. The lower ratio shows us the company had made fewer profits in 2003 then it was in2002.Section 3. Ratio Analysis1.Major inflows is Net cash flow operating activates of £1,345,000.Major outflow is Payments to acquire fixed assets, which takes £984,000.2.Ratio AnalysisProfitability Ratios:Gross Profit Percentage=Gross profit/Turnover x 100% 2003: GPP=£7,000,000/£11,674,000 x 100%=59.96%2004: GPP=£8,037,000/£13,382,000 x 100%=60.06%Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: The increase of ratio is a good sign. The positive trend can be an indication that stock control of meat product has improved, demand for the meat product has increased after the diseases, or purchasing policies have improved. The managers should keep the good trend and go on develop it, such as improving marketing strategy, setting better pricing policy, or improving stock control.✧Net Profit Percentage=Net Profit before Taxation/ Turnover x 100%2003: NPP=£1,182,000/£11,674,000 x 100%=10.13%2004: NPP=£901,000/£13,382,000 x 100%=6.73%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease of the ratio is a bad sign that it indicates a low profit of the company. From the P&L Account of the SSP plc, we know that although the gross profit increased, the operation cost is much higher in 2004; it leads to a decrease in net profit. So the managers should think about how to decrease our operation cost to help our company earn more profit.Liquidity Ratios:✧Current Ratio=Total Current Assets/Total Current Liabilities2003: CR=£1,195,000/£767,000=1.562004: CR=£1,248,000/£701,000=1.78Trend: IncreaseAnalysis: the increase of ratio is a good sign. Generally speaking a healthy current ratio is at least 2:1. The 1.56 and 1.78 indicate the company is a little bit over trading and have difficulty in meeting its short-term debts. The main reason for the increase is the increase in the total current assets and decrease in the total current liabilities. I suggest that the company may keepmore profit for the short-term debts.✧The Acid Test Ratio=Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities2003: (£1,195,000-£608,000)/£767,000=0.772004: (£1,248,000-£796,000)/£701,000=0.64Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: The decrease is a bad sign. The ratio should be 1:1. But the ratio in both of 2003 and 2004 is less that 1. And unfortunately, the ratio is still decreasing. SSP plc meets a liquidity problem that the liquid assets decrease. The company managers should pay attention to this ratio and organization’s development.Efficiency Ratios:✧Fixed Asset Turnover=Turnover/Fixed Assets2003: £11,674,000/£4,017,000=2.91 times2004: £13,382,000/£4,318,000=3.10 timesTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: Where this ratio gas increase, this is a good sign. It indicates that the existing fixed assets are generating more sales and maybe investment in new fixed assets gas could be been paid off. Managers of SSP plc should develop and focus on it.✧Debtors Collection Period=Debtors/Turnover x 3652003: £306,000/£11,674,000 x 365=9.57 days2004: £452,000/£13,382,000 x 365=12.33 daysTrend: IncreaseAnalysis: It is a bad sign that there is a n increase in DCP. It indicates that SSP’s may have a poor credit control of poor invoicing system. The bad debts may also increase. The leaders of SSP should check their invoicing and reminder system to keep the ratio a proper range.Investment Ratios:✧Interest Cover=Profit Before Interest & Tax/Interest Charges2003: £1,416,000/£234,000=6.052004: £1,135,000/£234,000=4.85Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: This ratio shows how capable the company is of covering its interest charges.The decrease is not good because the company is less able to meet its interest payments.But the ratio is still in a reasonable range. Leaders should try to increase company’s profit to keep this ratio a high level.Debt Ratio=Total Debts/Total Assets x 100%2003: (£767,000+£1,560,000)/(£4,017,000+£1,195,000) x 100%=44.65%2004: (£701,000+£1,560,000)/(£4,318,000+£1,248,000) x 100%=40.62%Trend: DecreaseAnalysis: It is a good sign that the ratio increased. However, a healthy ratio should keep around 50%. It indicates that SSP has fewer liabilities or keeps more assets. The sign should be kept by managers.3.RecommendationAfter reading and analyzing three accounts from SSP Company, I found some problems with it and now I will present my suggestions about the future management in these two parts.Operational recommendationA ratio of Net Profit Percentage shows us that SSP plc has a high expenditure in operationcost. It also indicates that the company has a low level of cost control. Therefore, I suggest that SSP should try to decrease the costs of sales and the operation cost, such as adopting new management system and using contractors to find distribution channels but to find them itself.Financial recommendationFor the source of finance, SSP has a bad performance of financial operating. In the Cash Flow Statement, the Financing is £0, but the company is planning expansion in Glasgow. The main inflow of the company is the sales. It is a dangerous phenomenon if the company wants to use the turnover to expanse its business because it is impossible to use the current cash to support long-term investment. So I suggest that the company may increase the number of share capital or make more debentures to get more long-term capital for expansion.ConclusionBy analyzing the P&L Account, Balance Sheet and Cash Flow Statement, we can infer that SSP plc has a good operational performance. However, there are still many parts to improve and develop tohelp the company maximize profits.Reference●Ray H. Garrison, Managerial Accounting, Business Publications Inc., 1985, Printed in U.S.A.●J.R.DYSON, Accounting for Non-accounting Students, Financial Times, 2004, Printed in GreatBritain.●Frank Wood & Alan Sangster, Business Accounting 2, Financial Times, Pitman Publishing, 1999,Printed in China.。
HnD经济学导论outcome1报告
International CollegeCentral South University of Forestry and TechnologyAssessment Task: _____________________________________________________________ Course Name:__________________________________ Outcome: ____________________ Prepared by：______________________________________________________ （English name）________________________________ （Chinese name）___________________ （Candidate Number)Class: ____________________ Name of Tutor：___________________________Due Date: _______________ Date Submitted：___________________Your report/essay should meet the following requirements。
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sqa商务沟通技巧outcome1答案
sqa商务沟通技巧outcome1答案有效沟通的特征：（1）准确清晰。
沟通是信息互通的过程，在这个过程中，信息的准确度和清晰度直接影响沟通的效果。
所有的工作人员都希望接受准确又简单的指示，一旦信息传递失真或者信息过于琐碎，员工不能及时准确的从中了解工作任务和工作要求，那么这样的沟通也就成了无效沟通，也会因此影响到员工的工作效率。
（2）双向、多层面沟通。
似乎大部分的企业管理者都会遇到这样的问题：每一次跟下属员工沟通都需要浪费一定的精力，不厌其烦的向下属发布命令，可结果仍是效率不高，这到底是为何？在这种情况下，往往是因为管理者忽略了下属对信息或工作任务的意见和反馈，这种单向的沟通模式不仅不利于企业上下级的沟通，也严重打击了员工的工作积极性。
有效的沟通应该是双向的、多层面的，应该在企业内部提倡上下级之间、各部门之间互相沟通，让每个员工对企业的管理拥有发言权，这能够使员工感受到管理层对员工的重视，进而有利于上下级、同级之间的理解和交流，为企业的良好发展扫清了信息沟通的障碍。
（3）高效的沟通。
沟通是处理管理过程中出现的各种矛盾的重要工具，如果沟通效率过低就无法及时合理的对内部矛盾进行处理，。
提高沟通的效率关键在于明确管理中的主要矛盾，也就是需要抓住沟通的方向和目标，对症下药才能避免沟通的盲目性和低效；提高沟通效率还可以通过开放式的沟通来实现，所谓开放式的沟通即是指没有固定模式的沟通，沟通既可以是从上到下的，也可以是从下到上的。
随着网络时代的到来，管理过程运用网络手段的企业越来越多，管理层可以通过网络向所有员工发布企业的最新政策，还可以就企业管理中存在的问题同员工在网上进行交流，在网络高速运转的情节下就能提高沟通的效率，节省了需要沟通来解决问题需要的时间，沟通的作用也能得到淋漓尽致的发挥。
沟通的技巧：现代的企业管理者要使管理工作富有成效，激发员工的工作热情，离不开沟通这条途径。
如何利用各种沟通方式和沟通技巧，尽可能的与员工进行细致的交流，已成为企业内部管理的一个重要课题。
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Assessment task 1Access the White PaperGreen ICT---The Greening of BusinessSkim the report briefly to get a sense of the topic and viewpoint, then focus on reading Section 3-3.1 of Green ICT in the Office.访问白皮书绿色信息通信技术——绿化业务脱脂报告简要地得到了人们的主题和观点,然后专注于阅读部分3 - 3.1绿色信息通信技术在办公室。
3.1 Green ICT in the office3.1.1 Energy-efficient use of equipment and use of energy- efficient equipment.Each and every office desktop offers opportunities to save energy. This involves both energy-efficient use of equipment and the use of energy-efficient equipment.3.1绿色信息通信技术在办公室3.1。
1节能设备的使用和使用节能设备。
每个办公室桌面提供了机会来节约能源。
这涉及到两个节能设备的使用和使用节能设备。
Leaving a copler switched on overnight uses as much power as it takes to make 1500 copies. [Experton].离开一个copler开启一夜之间使用的电力相当于让1500册。
[Experton]。
Even without deploying any new technology, significant savings can be realized by encouraging office workers to change their habits. Company policies can be contribute: for example, through the use of hibernation mode and power-management software for hardware, duplex printing, and generally avoiding unnecessary printouts.即使没有部署任何新技术,可以实现节约大量通过鼓励办公室员工改变他们的习惯。
公司政策可以贡献:例如,通过使用休眠模式和电源管理软件对硬件、双面打印,一般避免不必要的打印输出。
The latest generation of energy-conserving desktop PCs, thanks to their better power units, storage technology and processors, can—in Experton’s opinion—slash energy costs by more than 60%. State-of-the-art LCD screens and thin-client architectures offer further opportunities for savings. 最新一代的节能台式电脑,由于他们更好的功率单元、存储技术和处理器,可以在Experton意见削减能源成本的60%以上。
最先进的液晶显示屏和瘦客户机架构提供了进一步的机会储蓄。
The consistent, enterprise-wide development of energy-efficient and cost- saving equipment is a major challenge. Outsourcing the entire office ICT landscape is one way to implement Green ICT- by minimizing the number of desktop computers and printers and maximizing their efficiency.一致的、企业级开发节能和成本,节省设备是一个重大的挑战。
外包整个办公室ICT景观是一种方法来实现绿色信息通信技术,通过最大限度地减少数量的桌面电脑和打印机和最大化他们的效率。
Companies typically use a large number of, often different, devices for printing, faxing, copying and scanning. This complex landscape often leads to a lack of transparency, and there are often no accurate figures available on the total cost of operation. However, the ratio of users to devices can be significantly improved by analyzing the current infrastructure and actual user requirements; then changes can be made to the type, number and position of devices, ensuring better use is made of available capacity, and reducing stand-by and idle times.公司通常使用大量的,往往不同,设备进行打印、传真、复印、扫描。
这个复杂的景观往往导致缺乏透明度,往往没有准确的数据可以在总营业成本。
然而,用户设备的比例可以明显地改善分析当前基础设施和实际用户需求,然后还可以更改类型、数量和位置的设备,确保更好地利用可用的容量,减少备用和闲置的时代。
Savings potential in connection with office equipment储蓄与办公设备潜在联系A Fraunhofer society study found out that thin clients are much more energy-efficient than conventional desktop PCs, reducing CO2 emissions and the cost of purchase and operation. Replacing a desktop PC with a thin client reduces the CO2 emissions of the desktop system by over 54%. Even if a LCD monitor is factored into the equation, and saving amounts to 44%. Thin clients are much lighter and more compact, and consist of fewer components—yielding benefits with regard to transportation, disposal, and consumption of materials.一个弗劳恩霍夫协会的研究发现瘦客户机更节能的比传统的台式电脑,减少二氧化碳排放量和采购成本和操作。
更换桌面PC和一个瘦客户端减少二氧化碳排放的桌面系统,超过54%。
即使一个液晶显示器将被转化为方程,和储蓄等于44%。
瘦客户机是更轻、更紧凑,包含更少的组件产生好处关于运输、处理、和消费的材料。
Here is a sample calculation: a company with 300 workstations that equips 75% of them with thin clients can prevent the emission of about 148 metrics tons CO2 over the course of five years. This is the amount of a CO2 that a V olkswagen Golf (Rabbit) would emit if it traveled a distance of 1093000 kilometers (27 times the circumference of the earth).下面是一个示例计算:一个公司与300台工作站,装备75%的他们瘦客户机可以防止排放约148吨二氧化碳指标在过去的五年。
这是一个二氧化碳的量,一个大众高尔夫(兔)将发出如果它旅行距离1093000公里(27倍地球的周长)。
3.1.2 Connected life and workJust getting to and from the office inflicts considerable burdens on the environment: millions of commuters spend hours every day on roads, spewing immense amounts of exhaust gases into the atmosphere. Then there are extra trips to business meetings, whether it is for a one-hour discussion with a supplier or a week-long strategy conference. 3.1.2连接生活和工作刚刚从办公室对环境造成相当大的负担:数以百万计的上班族每天花几个小时在道路,喷出大量的废气到大气中。
还有多去几次业务会议,不管它是为了一个小时的讨论与供应商或一个为期一周的策略会议All this travel is responsible for significant emissions, and is expensive—in 2008, German enterprises spent nearly 47 billion euros on business trips. The 2008 figure was down just slightly over the previous year due to the onset of the recession, after rising repeatedly from 2004 to 2007.所有这些旅行是负责重要的排放,是昂贵的在2008年,德国企业花了近470亿欧元的商务旅行。