PEP小学英语总复习-英语时态、词性总结

PEP小学英语总复习-英语时态、词性总结
PEP小学英语总复习-英语时态、词性总结

PEP小学英语一般现在时知识点总结

(一)一般现在时,通常用“always, usually,often, sometimes, every day, never”。

1.定义:表示经常或习惯性的动作,也可表示现在的状态或主语具备的性格和能力。

2.一般现在时中,没有be动词和情态动词,主语为第三人称单数的肯定句,动词要按规则加上s,主语是非第三人称单数的肯定句,动词用原形。

3.在一般现在时中,句中有be动词或情态动词时,否定句在be动词和情态动词后加not,一般疑问句将be动词或情态动词放在句首。

4.在一般现在时中,句中没有be动词或情态动词时,主语为第三人称单数的否定句在动词前加does+not (doesn?t),一般疑问句在句首加does,句子中原有动词用原形;主语为非第三人称单数,否定句用do+not (don?t),一般疑问句在句首加do,句子中动词用原形。

动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2 .以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

现在进行时考点

现在进行时be doing, 通常用“Look!”“now”.

1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

动词加ing的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking

2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making, taste-tasting

3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running, stop-stopping

小升初英语一般将来时句式结构讲解

be going to

1.be going to 表示将要发生的事或打算、计划、决定要做的事情。

2.肯定句:be going to +动词原形,如:Jim is going to play football.

否定句:be not going to +动词原形, 如:Jim is not going to play football.

一般疑问句:把be动词调到句首, 如:Is Jim going to play football?

特殊疑问句:疑问词+be+主语+going to+动词原形?如:What is Jim going to do? 疑问词当主语时:疑问词+be+going to+动词原形?如:Who is going to play football? will

1.表示将要发生的事。

2.肯定句:I will go to the zoo tomorrow.

否定句:I will not (won?t) go to the zoo tomorrow.

一般疑问句:Will you go to the zoo tomorrow?

特殊疑问句:

Who will go to the zoo tomorrow?

Where will you go tomorrow?

When will you go to the zoo?

小升初英语考点:一般过去时变化规则讲解

1.一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态,常和表示过去的时间状语连用。

一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。(was not=wasn?t)

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。(were not=weren?t)

⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句:didn?t +动词原形,如:Jim didn?t go home yesterday.

一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如:Did Jim go home

yesterday?

特殊疑问句:

⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:What did Jim do yesterday?

⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?如:Who went to home yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则:

1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled, cook-cooked

2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted

3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped

4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied

5.不规则动词过去式:

am/is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat

名词:名词单复数,名词的格

(一)名词单复数

1.一般情况,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3.以―辅音字母+y‖结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries

4.以―f或fe‖结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives

5.不规则名词复数:

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people,

Japanese-Japanese ,Chinese-Chinese, mouse-mice

不可数名词的复数就是原型:paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea

(二)名词的格

(1) 有生命的东西的名词所有格:

a) 单数后加…s 如: Lucy…s ruler my father…s shirt

b) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加…如: his friends… bags

c)不以s 结尾的复数后加…s children…s shoes

并列名词中,如果把…s加在最后一个名词后,表示共有, 如: Tom and Mike…s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车

要表示所有物不是共有的,应分别在并列名词后加…s

Tom…s and Mike…s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车

(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用― of +名词‖来表示所有关系:如:

a picture of the classroom a map of China

冠词:不定冠词,定冠词种类:

(1)不定冠词:a / an a unit / an uncle 元音开头的可数名词前用an :

an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer / an ID card /

an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail / an address / an event /

an example / an opera / an houran old man / an interesting book /

an exciting sport / an action movie / an art lesson /

(2)定冠词:the the egg the plane

2. 用法:

定冠词的用法:

(1)特指某(些)人或某(些)物:The ruler is on the desk.

(2)复述上文提到的人或物:He has a sweater. The sweater is new.

(3)谈话双方都知道的人或物:The boys aren…t at school.

(4)在序数词前:John…s birthday is February the second.

(5)用于固定词组中:in the morning / afternoon / evening

不用冠词的情况:

(1)专有名词前:China is a big country.

(2)名词前有定语:this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等:

This is my baseball.

(3)复数名词表示一类人和事:Monkeys can…t swim. They are teachers.

(4)在节日,日期,月份,季节前:Today is Christmas Day. It…s Sunday.

(5)一日三餐前:We have breakfast at 6:30.

(6)球类棋类运动前:They often play football after class. He plays chess at home.

* 但乐器前要用定冠词:I play the guitar very well.

(7)学科名称前:My favorite subject is music.

(8)在称呼或头衔的名词前:This is Mr Li.

(9)固定词组中:at noon at night by bus

代词:人称代词,物主代词

形容词,副词:比较级,最高级

(一)、形容词的比较级

1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用:两个事物或人的比较用比较级,比较级后面一般带有单词than。比较级前面可以用more, a little来修饰表示程度。than 后的人称代词用主格(口语中可用宾格)。

2.形容词加er的规则:

⑴一般在词尾加er ;

⑵以字母e 结尾,加r ;

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加er ;

⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾,先把y变i,再加er 。

3.不规则形容词比较级:

good-better, beautiful-more beautiful

(二)副词的比较级

1.形容词与副词的区别(有be用形,有形用be;有动用副,有副用动)

⑴在句子中形容词一般处于名词之前或be动词之后

⑵副词在句子中最常见的是处于实义动词之后

2.副词比较级的变化规则基本与形容词比较级相同(不规则变化:well-better, far-farther)

数词:基数词,序数词一、基数词

(1)1-20

one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen,twenty

(2)21-99 先说“几十”,再说“几”,中间加连字符。

23→twenty-three,34→thirty-four,45→forty—five,56→fifty-six,67→sixty-seven,78→seventy-eight,89→eighty-nine,91→ninety-one (3)101—999先说“几百”,再加and,再加末两位数或末位数;

586→five hundred and eighty-six,803→eight hundred and three (4)l,000以上,先从右往左数,每三位数加一个“,”,第一个“,”前为thousand.第二个“,”前为million,第三个“,”前为billion

1,001→one thousand and one

18,423→eighteen thousand,four hundred and twenty-three

6,260,309→six million two hundred and sixty thousand three hundred and nine

750,000,000,000→seven hundred and fifty billion

序数词

(1)一般在基数词后加th

eg.four→fourth,thirteen→thirteenth

(2)不规则变化

one→first,two→second,three→third,five→fifth,eight→eighth,nine→ninth,twelve—twelfth

(3)以y结尾的十位整数,变y为ie再加th

twenty→twentieth,forty→fortieth,ninety→ninetieth

(4)从二十一后的“几十几”直至“几百几十几”或“几千几百几十几”只将个位的基数词变为序数词。twenty-first,two hundred and forty-fifth

基数词转为序数词的口诀:

基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th.

一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d.

八去t,九去e, ve要用f替。

ty将y变成i,th前面有个e.

若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。

介词:常用介词:in, on, at, behind等

1.at 表示时间概念的某一个点。(在某时刻、时间、阶段等)。

at 1:00(dawn,midnight,noon)在一点钟(黎明、午夜、中午) ??

2.on

1)表示具体日期。

注:(1)关于"在周末"的几种表示法:

at(on)the weekend?在周末---特指

at(on)weekends?在周末---泛指

over the weekend?在整个周末

during the weekend?在周末期间

(2)在圣诞节,应说at Christmas?而不说on Christmas?

2)在(刚……)的时候。

On reaching the city he called up his parents.

一到城里他就给父母打了一个电话。

3.in

表示"时段"、"时期",在多数情况下可以和during互换,前者强调对比,后者强调持续。in(during)1988(December,the 20th century)在一九八八年(十二月、二十世纪)

动词:动词的四种时态:

(1)一般现在时:

一般现在时的构成

1. be动词:主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如:I am a boy. 我是一个男孩。

2. 行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如We study English. 我们学习英语。

当主语为第三人称单数(he, she, it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。

动词+s的变化规则

1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks

2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies

(2)一般过去时:

动词过去式详解动词的过去式的构成规则有:

A、规则动词

①一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如worked , learned , cleaned , visited

②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如lived , danced , used

③以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动词较少)如study –studied carry – carried worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于此类)

④双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如stopped

B、不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式:sing – sang , eat – ate ,

see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took ,

buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was ,

are – were , say – said , leave – left , swim – swam , tell – told ,

draw – drew , come – came , lose – lost , find – found ,

drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt

(3)一般将来时:

基本结构:①be going to + do;

②will+ do. be going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow(明天). = I will go swimming tomorrow.

(4)现在进行时: am,is,are+动词现在分词

动词现在分词详解动词的ing形式的构成规则:

①一般的直接在后面加上ing , 如doing , going , working , singing , eating

②以e 结尾的动词,要先去e再加ing,如having , writing

③双写最后一个字母的(此类动词极少)有:running , swimming , sitting , getting

陈述句

(1)肯定句:是指用肯定的语气来陈述的句子,如:

I?m a student.

She is a doctor.

He works in a hospital.

There are four fans in our classroom.

He will eat lunch at 12:00.

I watched TV yesterday evening.

(2)否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子,如:

I?m not a student.

She is not (i sn?t) a doctor.

He does not (doesn?t) work in a hospital.

There are not (aren?t) four fans in our classroom.

He will not (won?t) eat lunch at 12:00.

I did not (didn?t) watch TV yesterday evening.

疑问句

一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。

特殊疑问句:以特殊疑问词(what , where , who , which , when , whose , why , how等)开头引导的句子。此类句子应该问什么就答什么,不能用“yes 、no”来回答。

There be句型

There be 句型与have, has的区别

1、There be 句型表示:在某地有某物(或人)

2、在there be 句型中,主语是单数,be 动词用is ; 主语是复数,be 动词用are ; 如有几件物品,be 动词根据最*近be 动词的那个名词决定。

3、there be 句型的否定句在be 动词后加not , 一般疑问句把be 动词调到句首。

4、there be句型与have(has) 的区别:there be 表示在某地有某物(或人);have(has) 表示某人拥有某物。

5、some 和any 在there be 句型中的运用:some 用于肯定句,any 用于否定句或疑问句。

6、and 和or 在there be句型中的运用:and 用于肯定句,or 用于否定句或疑问句。

7、针对数量提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:

How many + 名词复数+ are there + 介词短语?

How much + 不可数名词+ is there + 介词短语?

8、针对主语提问的特殊疑问句的基本结构是:

What?s + 介词短语?

(完整版)小学英语时态总结

小学PEP英语四种时态总结 一、一般现在时 标志词:always(总是) usually(通常) often(经常) sometimes(有时) never(从不) every(每一)行为动词词型变化形式 一般现在时动词只有第三人称后有词形变化, 其他人称(第一人称:I, we;第二人称:you;第三人称复数:they、my friends)动词均用原形 当主语是第三人称单数时,一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律: 1、多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes , 2、以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es wash–washes catch–catches do–does 3、以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies 4、以元音字母加y结尾,直接加s buy – buys 5、不规则变化have—has 一般现在时基本用法 功能 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。如:The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 The earth is round. 构成 1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。 句型 肯定句:A.be动词:主语+ be + 其它成分He is a worker. B.行为动词:主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分We like the little cat. 否定句:A.be动词:主语+ be + not +其它成分They are not students. B.行为动词:主语+助动词(do/does) + not +动词原形+其它成分 We don’t like the little cat. 一般疑问句:A.be动词:Am / Is /Are +主语+ 其它成分 Are you a teacher? Yes, I am. / No, I am not. Are they students of your school.Yes they are / No they aren,t. B.行为动词:助动词(Do/Does)+主语+动词原形+ 其它成分 Do you like it? Yes, I do. / No. I don’t . Does he(she) like it? Yes, he( she )does. / No, he ( she )doesn’t. 特殊疑问句:疑问词+ 一般疑问句 A.be动词:How many students are there in your school? B.行为动词:What do you usually do on Sunday?

pep小学英语四个时态及其练习

小学英语四种时态及练习 一、名词复数规则 1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds 2.以s. x. sh. ch结尾,加-es,如:bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:family-families, strawberry-strawberries 4.以“f或fe”结尾,变f或fe为v, 再加-es,如:knife-knives 5.不规则名词复数: man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children foot-feet, tooth-teeth fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese 练习:写出下列各词的复数 I _________him _________this ___________her ______ watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______ day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________ tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____ thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______ man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________ water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、一般现在时 1.意义:表示习惯或者爱好。 如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 I like drawing pictures.我喜欢画画。 2.结构: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 We study English.我们学习英语。 注意:当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it,Mike)时,要在动词后加"-s"或 "-es"。如:Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。 3.时间标志:usually,ofen, sometimes, always, everyday, on Sundays 4.动词+s的变化规则 1)一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, milk-milks 2)以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如: wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes 3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如:study-studies 练习 一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数

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一、用动词的适当形式填空 1. He ________ (live) in Wuxi two years ago. 2. The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night. 3. We _______ (have) a party last Halloween. 4. Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week. 5. I ________ (make) a model ship with Mike yesterday. 6. They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson. 7. My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival. 8. The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party. 9.Mr Zheng (read) a book now. 10. The rabbits (jump) now. 11.. Look ! Tom and John (swim). 12. My brother (make) a kite in his room now. 13. Look! The bus (stop). 14. We (have) an English class now. 15. Listen! Someone is (come). 16. They (catch) butterflies now. 17. He (do) an experiment now. 18. They (collect) stamps now. 19. Look! He (dive) now. 20. Tom ( watch ) TV in the dining room. 21. The doctors (get ) off the bus. 22. Come on. They ( leave ) now. 23. It (eat) fish now. 24. My father (work) in the office now. 25. Where is your mother? She (answer) the phone. 26. The teachers (run) 27. I ______ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 28. Her father _______ (read) a newspaper last night. 29. We _________ to zoo yesterday, we _____ to the park. (go) 30. ______ you _______ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 31. ______ he _______ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he ______. 32. Gao Shan _______ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 33. I ________ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother ______. 34. What ______ she _______ (find) in the garden last morning? She __________ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 35.We often_____ (play) on the playground. 36.He _____(get) up at six o’clock. 37.____ you ______(brush) your teeth every morning. 38.What _____(do) he usually _____(do) after school. 39.Danny ______(study) English ,Chinese, Math. 40.Mike sometimes _____(go) to the park with his sister. 41.At eight at night, she _____(watch) TV with his partner. 42._____Mike _____(read) English every day.

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