chapter 9 词汇注释
了不起的盖茨比chapter9中文翻译
第14单元了不起的盖茨比The Great Gatsby F. Scott Fitzgerald事隔两年，我回想起那天其余的时间，那一晚以及第二天，只记得一批又一批的警察、摄影师和新闻记者在盖茨比家的前门口来来往往。
外面的大门口有一根绳子拦住，旁边站着一名警察，不让看热闹的人进来，但是小男孩们不久就发现他们可以从我的院子里绕过来，因此总有几个孩子目瞪口呆地挤在游泳池旁边。
那天下午，有一个神态自信的人，也许是一名侦探，低头检视威尔逊的尸体时用了“疯子”两个字，而他的语气偶然的权威就为第二天早上所有报纸的报道定了调子。
那些报道大多数都是一场噩梦——离奇古怪，捕风捉影，煞有介事，而且不真实。
等到米切里斯在验尸时的证词透露了威尔逊对他妻子的猜疑以后，我以为整个故事不久就会被添油加醋在黄色小报上登出来了——不料凯瑟琳，她本可以信口开河的，却什么都不说，并且表现出惊人的魄力——她那描过的眉毛底下的两只坚定的眼睛笔直地看着验尸官，又发誓说她姐姐从来没见过盖茨比，说她姐姐和她丈夫生活在一起非常美满，说她姐姐从来没有什么不端的行为。
她说得自己都信以为真了，又用手帕捂着脸痛哭了起来，仿佛连提出这样的疑问都是她受不了的，于是威尔逊就被归结为一个“悲伤过度神经失常”的人，以便这个案子可以保持最简单的情节。
案子也就这样了结了。
但是事情的这个方面似乎整个都是不痛不痒、无关紧要的。
我发现自己是站在盖茨比一边的，而且只有我一人。
从我打电话到西卵镇报告惨案那一刻起，每一个关于他的揣测、每一个实际的问题，都提到我这里来。
起初我感到又惊讶又迷惑，后来一小时又一小时过去，他还是躺在他的房子里，不动，不呼吸，也不说话，我才渐渐明白我在负责，因为除我以外没有仟何人有兴趣——我的意思是说，那种每个人身后多少都有权利得到的强烈的个人兴趣。
在我们发现他的尸体半小时之后我就打了电话给黛西，本能地、毫不迟疑地给她打了电话。
但是她和汤姆那天下午很早就出门了，还随身带了行李。
牛津高中英语模块九单词表(带音标)
牛津高中英语模块九单词表※Unit 1 Unit 11op0era house n. 歌剧院2skyscraper ['skai,skreipə]n. 摩天大楼3maple ['meipl]n. 枫树4wilderness['wildənis]n. 未开垦之地，荒原5centigrade ['sentiɡreid]adj. 摄氏的 n. 摄氏度6border ['bɔ:də]n. 国界，边界；边疆7countless ['kauntlis]adj. 无数的，数不清的8freezing ['fri:ziŋ]adj.极冷的，冰冻的 adv. 极冷地9recreation [,rekri'eiʃən]n. 娱乐，消遣10cross-country ['krɔ:s'kʌntri]adj. 越野的11photographer [fə'tɔɡrəfə]n. 拍照者，摄影师12hunter ['hʌntə]n. 猎人13rank [ræŋk]vi.&vt.属于某个等级，将……归为某个等级；排列n.等级，地位；军衔14multicultural[,mʌlti'kʌltʃərəl]14.multicultural adj. 多元文化的，多种文化融合的15Portugal ['pɔ:tjuɡəl]n.葡萄牙16Lebanon ['lebənən]n.黎巴嫩17historic [his'tɔrik]adj. 历史上著名的（或重要的），有历史意义的18alley ['æli]n. 小巷，胡同19concrete [kən'kri:t]n. 混凝土 adj. 具体的；有形的20dynamic [dai'næmik]adj. 充满活力的；动态的21cuisine [kwi'zi:n]n. 菜肴；烹饪22mall[mɔ:l]n. 购物中心23waterfall[wɔ:təfɔ:l]n. 瀑布24semicircle ['semi,sə:kl]n. 半圆形25sheet [ʃi:t]n. 一大片；一张；床单26traveler ['trævlə]n. 旅客，游客27frontier ['frʌntjə]n. 国界；边境28westwards ['westwədz]adv. 向西29seek one’s fortune v.外出寻找（成功或发财）机会30settlement ['setlmənt]n.定居点；定居；（问题的）解决31little more than只是……而已，仅仅32syrup[sirəp]n. 糖浆33merchant ['mə:tʃənt]n. 商人34cowboy['kau,bɔi]n. 牛仔35niece [ni:s]n.侄女，甥女36oral [ɔ:rəl]adj. 口头的；口腔的 n. 口试37merry ['meri]adj. 欢乐的,愉快的38occasion[ə'keiʒən]n. 场合39teamwork ['ti:mwə:k]n. 团队合作40empire['empaiə]n. 帝国41seaside ['si:said]adj. 海边的，海滨的 n. 海边，海滨42sidewalk ['saidwɔ:k]n. 人行道43jungle ['dʒʌŋɡl]n. 丛林；危险地带44immigration [,imi'ɡreiʃən]n. 移民，移居45sporting['spɔ:tiŋ]adj. 喜爱运动的；有体育风尚的46ambiguous [æm'biɡjuəs]adj. 模棱两可的，不明确的，有歧义的47absolute [æbsəlju:t]adj. 绝对的，完全的48compulsory [kəm'pʌlsəri]adj. 强制的；义务的49canteen [kæn'ti:n]n. 食堂50pub [pʌb]n. 酒馆，酒吧51pint[paint]n. 品脱（容量单位）52grill[grɪl]n.（置于火上的）烤架 vt. 烧烤，炙烤53league [li:ɡ]n. （体育）联赛；联盟54content ['kɔntent]adj. 满意，满足，甘愿55unfit [,ʌn'fit]adj. 不健康的；不适宜的56owe [əu]vt. 归因于，归功于；欠……债57surfing['sə:fiŋ]n. 冲浪运动58equip [i'kwip]vt.装备，配备59dusk [dʌsk]n. 黄昏，傍晚60after-school [ɑ:ftəsku:l]adj. 放学后的，课外的61thrill [θril]n.兴奋，激动 vt.使非常兴奋、激动62cricket ['krikit]n. 板球63considering [kən'sidəriŋ]prep.&conj.考虑到，鉴于64originally[ə'ridʒənəli]adv. 原来，起初65Pakistan ['pækistæn]n.巴勒斯坦66Kenya ['kenjə; 'ki:njə]n.肯尼亚67South Africa n.南非※Unit2 Unit 21Cambodia ['kæmbəudiə] 1.Colosseum n. 古罗马斗兽场2classical['klæsikəl] 2.classical adj. 古典的；经典的3cathedral [kə'θi:drəl] 3.cathedral n. 大教堂，教区总教堂4politics ['pɔlitiks] 4.politics n. 政治5associate [ə'səuʃieit] 5.associate vt. 联想，联系 adj. 非正式的；副职的6flat [flæt] 6.flat adj. 平的；平淡的，单调的 n. 公寓，单元房7sacred ['seikrid]7.sacred adj. 神圣的8goddess['ɡɔdis]8.goddess n. 女神9marble ['mɑ:bl]9.marble n. 大理石（常作marbles）大理石雕刻品10partly ['pɑ:tli]10.partly adv. 部分地，局部地11Turk [tə:k]11.Turk n.土耳其人12warehouse [wεəhaus]12.warehouse n. 仓库13gunpowder['ɡʌn,paudə]13.gunpowder n. 火药，弹药14theft [θeft]14.theft n. 偷，盗窃15friction ['frikʃən]15.friction n. 争端，分歧；摩擦16autonomous [ɔ:'tɔnəməs]16.autonomous adj. 自治的，自主的17clumsy ['klʌmzi]17.clumsy adj.无技巧的，笨拙的18smog [smɔɡ, smɔ:ɡ]18.smog n. 烟雾19acid rain 19.acid rain n. 酸雨20appoint [ə'pɔint]20.appoint vt. 任命，委任；指定（时间、地点）21heritage['heritidʒ]21.heritage n. 遗产22site[sait]22.site n. 地点；现场；网站23mend [mend]23.mend vt. 修理；解决24steady ['stedi]24.steady adj. 稳步的，持续的，匀速的25assessment[ə'sesmənt]25.assessment n. 评估，评价26fortnight ['fɔ:tnait]26.fortnight n.两周，两星期27sun burnt 27.sunburnt adj. 晒黑的；晒伤的28inspiration [,inspə'reiʃən]28.inspiration n. 灵感；启发灵感的人（或事物）29divorce [di'vɔ:s]29.divorce vt.&vi.离婚；使分离 n.离婚；分离30Catholic ['kæθəlik]30.Catholic adj. 天主教的31affair [ə'fεə]31.affair n. 风流韵事；公共事务；事件32be charged with 32.be charged with 被指控犯有……罪33sentence ['sentəns]33.sentence vt. 判刑 n.判决，宣判34sentence somebody to death 51.sentence someone to death 判处某人死刑35on behalf of somebody 52.on behalf of 代表，代替36imperial[im'piəriəl]34.imperial adj. 帝国的，皇帝的37pyramid ['pirəmid]35.pyramid n. 金字塔38Egypt ['i:dʒipt]埃及39royal ['rɔiəl]36.royal adj. 王室的，皇家的40pine [pain]37.pine n. 松树41upper ['ʌpə]38.upper adj.上边的，上部的42decoration[dɛkə'reɪʃ(ə)n]39.decoration n. 装饰品；装潢43fragrant ['freiɡrənt]40.fragrant adj. 芬芳的，芳香的44brick [brik]41.brick n. 砖头，砖块45civilian [si'viljən]42.civilian n. 平民46apparent [ə'pærənt]43.apparent adj. 明显的，显而易见的47in terms of 44.in terms of 在……方面，从……方面来说48regulation [,reɡju'leiʃən]45.regulation n. 管理,管控；规章制度，条例49stress [stres]46.stress vt. 强调；重读 n.强调；重读，重音；压力50register ['redʒistə]47.register vt.&vi.登记，注册 n.登记表，注册簿51assistance [ə'sistəns]48.assistance n. 帮助，援助52fragile ['frædʒail]49.fragile adj.易损的；易碎的；脆弱的53steward [stju:əd]50.steward n.管家；乘务员，服务员※Unit3 Unit 31tulip['tju:lip] 1.tulip n. 郁金香2personality[,pə:sə'næləti] 2.personality n. 性格，个性；魅力；名人3sew [səu] 3.sew vt. &vi.缝；做针线活4random ['rændəm] 4.random n. & adj. 随机，随意5at random 5.at random 随机，随意6thread [θred] 6.thread n. 线；线索7unrest [,ʌn'rest]7.unrest n.动乱，动荡，骚乱8fundamental [,fʌndə'mentəl]8.fundamental adj. 根本的，十分重大的；基础的9abolish[ə'bɔliʃ]9.abolish vt.废除，废止（法律、制度、习俗等）10liberation [,libə'reiʃən]10.liberation n. 解放11equality [i:'kwɔləti]11.equality n. 平等，均等12fraternity[frə'tə:niti]12.fraternity n. 友爱；博爱13symbolize ['simbəlaiz]13.symbolize vt. 象征，代表14justice ['dʒʌstis]14.justice n.正义，公正；司法制度15honesty ['ɔnisti]15.honesty n. 诚实，老实16salute [sə'lju:t]16.salute n.致敬；敬礼 vt.&vi.致敬；敬礼17stripe[straip]17.stripe n. 条纹18settler ['setlə]18.settler n. 移民19colony[ˈkɒləni]19.colony n. 殖民地20rate [reit]20.rate n. 比率；速度 vt.& vi. 评估；划分等级21object [ɔbdʒikt]21.object vi. 反对，不赞成22compromise ['kɔmprəmaiz]promise vi. & n.妥协，让步23station [ˈsteɪʃn]23.station vt.派驻，使驻扎24separation [,sepə'reiʃən]24.separation n. 分离；隔离25submit [səb'mit]25.submit vi. & vt. 顺从；投降；提交26virtue ['və:tju:]26.virtue n. 美德；德行；优点27union['ju:niən]27.union n. 联合；联合会；联盟28federal [ˈfedərə]28.federal adj. 联邦的，联邦制的29Indonesia [indəu'ni:zjə]29.indonesian adj.印尼（人）的n.印度尼西亚人；印度尼西亚语30Indonesian [,indəu'ni:zjən]30.Indonesia n. 印度尼西亚31date back to 31.date back to 追溯到，始于32spiritual [spiritjuəl]32.spiritual adj. 精神的, 心灵的33purity ['pjuəriti]33.purity n.纯洁，纯净，纯粹34similarity [,simi'læriti]34.similarity n. 相似点，相像处；相似性35Scot [skɔt]77.Scot n. 苏格兰人36region['ri:dʒən]35.region n. 行政区；区域，地区37outspoken [,aut'spəukən]36.outspoken adj. 直率，坦诚38get one’s way 75.get someone's way 随心所欲39Irish ['aiəriʃ]37.Irish adj.爱尔兰(人）的；爱尔兰语的n.爱尔兰语；爱尔兰人40split off from 76.split off from 脱离，分离41substitute [sʌbstitju:t]38.substitute vt.& vi.替换，替代 n.替代者，替代品42homeland['həumlænd]39.homeland n. 祖国；家乡43seed [si:d]40.seed n. 种子，籽44seedless ['si:dlis]41.seedless adj. 无籽的45observer [əb'zə:və]42.observer n. 观察者；观察员46tiring ['taiəriŋ]tiring累人的，令人困倦的47disappointing [,disə'pɔintiɡ]43.disappointing adj. 令人失望的；令人沮丧的48bound [baʊnd]44.bound adj. 一定会；受……约束（而必须做某事）49dishonest [dis'ɔnist]45.dishonest adj. 不诚实的，骗人的50ambitious [æm'biʃəs]46.ambitious adj. 有抱负的；野心勃勃的51trustworthy['trʌst,wə:ði]47.trustworthy adj. 值得信赖的52dimension [daɪˈmenʃn]48.dimension n. 方面；（空间）维度53identification [ai,dentifi'keiʃən]49.identification n.辨认，识别54facial ['feiʃəl]50.facial adj. 面部的55unconditional [,ʌnkən'diʃənəl]51.unconditional adj. 无条件的；无限制的56romance[rəu'mæns]52.romance n. 传奇故事；浪漫史；爱情57ambition [æm'biʃən]53.ambition n. 雄心，抱负；野心58reddish['rediʃ]54.reddish adj. 微红的，略带红色的59noble ['nəubl]55.noble adj. 高尚的，崇高的；高贵的60occupation [,ɔkju'peiʃən]56.occupation n. 职业，工作；侵占，占领61blonde[blɒnd]57.blonde adj. 金黄色的62violet['vaiələt]58.violet n. 紫罗兰；蓝紫色63arbitrary ['ɑ:bitrəri]59.arbitrary adj. 任意的，随意的；专制的，专横的64subjective [səb'dʒektiv]60.subjective adj. 主观的；主语的；主格的65consistent [kən'sistənt]61.consistent adj. 一致的；始终如一的；连续的66passion['pæʃən]62.passion n. 激情；酷爱；激愤67mourning [mɔ:niŋ]63.mourning n. 哀悼68warmth [wɔ:mθ]64.warmth n. 温暖；热情69caution ['kɔ:ʃən]65.caution n.谨慎，慎重；告诫70ribbon['ribən]66.ribbon n. 丝带，缎带，带子71collar ['kɔlə]67.collar n. 衣领，领子72garment ['ɡɑ:mənt]68.garment n. (一件）衣服73ecology [i:'kɔlədʒi]69.ecology n.生态；生态学74Muslim [muzlim]70.Muslim n. 伊斯兰教信徒 adj.伊斯兰教的75burglar ['bə:ɡlə]71.burglar n.入室窃贼76funeral['fju:nərəl]72.funeral adj. 葬礼，丧礼77Buddhism ['budizəm]73.Buddhism n. 佛教78choir ['kwaiə]74.choir n. 唱诗班；合唱团Unit 4 Unit 41Buddhist['budist] 1.Buddhist adj. 佛教的 n. 佛教徒2mosque[mɔsk] 2.mosque n. 清真寺3biblical['biblikəl] 3.biblical adj. 有关《圣经》的；《圣经》中的4straightforward [,streit'fɔ:wəd] 4.straightforward adj. 简单的，易懂的；坦诚的，率直的5bible['baibl] 5.bible n. 《圣经》6vague [veiɡ] 6.vague adj. 模糊的，隐晦的；不详细的，粗略的7by and by 7.by and by 不久，过一会儿8underline [,ʌndə'lain]8.underline vt.强调；突出；加下划线9bare [bεə]9.bare adj. 裸露的；无遮盖的；空的10strike [straik]10.strike vt.击打；撞击；攻击；罢工11handwriting['hænd,raitiŋ]11.handwriting n. 笔迹；书法；手写，书写12wine [wain]12.wine n. 葡萄酒13fat[fæt]13.fat vt.（旧时用法，现为fatten)(使）长胖，长肥14calf[kɑ:f]14.calf n. 小牛，牛犊15penny ['peni]15.penny n. 便士16every penny every penny所有的钱，每一分钱17hire oneself out hire oneself out打工，受雇于人 18agricultural [,æɡri'kʌltʃərəl]16.agricultural adj. 农业的19reap[ri:p]17.reap vt. 收获；收割20sow [səu]18.sow vt. 播种；散布21ripen ['raipən]19.ripen vt.&vi. (使)成熟22thorough ['θʌrə, 'θə:rəu]20.thorough adj. 彻底的，完全的；细致的，深入的23delicate ['delikət]21.delicate adj. 易碎的，脆弱的；纤细的，精致的24catch on 22.catch on 受欢迎，流行25necklace ['neklis]23.necklace n. 项链26buffalo[ˈbʌfələʊ]24.buffalo n. 水牛27burden ['bə:dən]25.burden n. 负担，重担，重负28priest[pri:st]26.priest n. 神父；牧师29proverb['prɔvə:b]27.proverb n. 谚语，格言30worm [wə:m]28.worm n. 蠕虫31frequently ['fri:kwəntli]29.frequently adv. 经常，频繁地32shorten ['ʃɔ:tən]30.shorten vt.&vi. （使）缩短33count on31.count on 依靠，依赖34hay[heɪ]32.hay n. 干草，草料35bishop [ˈbɪʃəp]33.bishop n. 主教36Turkey ['tə:ki]Turkey土耳其37saint[seint]34.saint n. 圣人，圣者38butcher ['butʃə]35.butcher n. 屠夫39perfume[pə'fju:m]36.perfume n. 香水；香味40cottage [ˈkɒtɪdʒ]37.cottage n.乡村小屋，村舍41stocking ['stɔkiŋ]38.chimney n. 烟囱42stocking['stɔkiŋ]39.stocking n. 长筒袜43fireplace['faiəpleis]40.fireplace n. 壁炉44moustache [mə'stɑ:ʃ]41.moustache n. 上唇的胡子45stout[staut]42.stout adj. 肥胖的；粗壮的；顽强的46belly ['beli]43.belly n. 腹部，肚子47neat [ni:t]44.neat adj. 整洁的，整齐的，有条理的48woolen ['wulən]45.woollen adj. 羊毛的49belt [belt]46.belt n.腰带；传送带50elf[elf]47.elf n.精灵51reindeer[ˈreɪndɪə(r)]48.reindeer n. 驯鹿52deliver[di'livə]49.deliver vt. & vi. 递送，运送；发表（演讲），宣布53eve[i:v]50.eve n. 前夜,前夕54Christmas Eve 51.Christmas Eve n. 圣诞前夕55ray[reɪ]52.ray n. 光线，射线56Buddha ['budə]53.monk n. 僧人；修道士57Afghanistan [æf'ɡænistæn]54.reading n. 读本，读物；阅读58reading ['ri:diŋ]55.image n.画像，塑像，雕像；形象59bureaucratic[,bjurəu'krætik]56.bureaucratic adj. 官僚的；官僚主义的60ministry['ministri]57.ministry n. (政府的)部61centre ['sentə]58.centre vt.把……放在中央62pray [prei]59.pray vt. & vi. 祷告，祈祷63chant[tʃɑ:nt]60.chant vi.& vt.唱颂；反复呼喊64pagoda[pə'ɡəudə]61.pagoda n.佛塔65frog [frɔɡ]62.frog n. 青蛙66croak[krəuk]63.croak vi.（青蛙、乌鸦等）呱呱的叫67prayer[preə]64.prayer n. 祷告，祷辞68Taoism[tauizəm]65.Taoism n.道家学说；道教69Hebrew['hi:bru:]66.Hebrew n.希伯来语；希伯来人adj.希伯来语（人）的70Buddha['budə]68.Buddha n.佛，佛陀71be centre around/centre around 69.be centred around 围绕，以……为中心。
unite 9
4 Tu dois prendre de la salade verte.
Prends-en ! N’en prends pas !
5 Vous devez présenter ce garçon à vos collègues.
Présentez-le à vos collègues ! Ne le présentez pas à vos collègues !
Transformez les phrases suivantes en impératif avec un pronom convenable. 将下列句子转化成命令式，并使用一个适当的代词。 Ex. Vous devez faire ces exercices. → Faites-les ! / Ne les faites pas ! 1 Vous devez écouter cette histoire.
maman. »
5 Papa et maman, je vais _v_o_u_s_ raconter ma vie
universitaire.
6 Je voudrais __t_e__ parler de mon secret, chéri.
Choisissez le pronom convenable. 选择适当的代词。
téléphoner à qn raconter qch. à qn penser à qn
高中英语单词选修模块9(含音标+中文释义)
单词英音globalisation [ˌɡləʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə) n]race[reɪs] brand[brænd] import[ˈɪmpɔːt]ethnic[ˈeθn ɪk]non-native [ˌn ɒn ˈne ɪt ɪv]multinational [ˌm ʌlti ˈnæʃn əl]investor [ɪn ˈvest ə(r)]multi-ethnic emigration ˌem ɡre ɪʃn]immigration [ˌɪm ɪˈɡre ɪʃ(ə)n]clash[klæʃ]Americanisation deprive[d ɪˈpra ɪv]come to the foresubcontinent[ˌsʌbˈkɒntɪnənt] uniqueness[juˈniːknəs]opposing[əˈpəʊzɪŋ] pursue[pəˈsjuː] likewise[ˈlaɪkwaɪz] infectious[ɪnˈfekʃəs] billboard[ˈbɪlbɔːd] youngster[ˈjʌŋstə(r)] headset[ˈhedset]sip[sɪp]multi-storeylane[leɪn]stroke[strəʊk] episode[ˈepɪsəʊd] high-rise[ˈhaɪ raɪz]unimaginable [ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbl]commonplace[ˈkɒmənpleɪs] spare[speə(r)]out of date[ˌaʊt əv ˈdeɪt] simplify[ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ] controller[kənˈtrəʊlə(r)]command[kəˈmɑːnd] AppliedLinguisticssubsequent[ˈsʌbsɪkwənt] implication[ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn] intelligible[ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl]conform[kənˈfɔːm]Arabic[ˈærəbɪk]legitimate[lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət] patronise[ˈpætrənaɪz] drawback[ˈdrɔːbæk]consideration [kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn ]devise[dɪˈvaɪz] syllabus[ˈsɪləbəs]monolingual[ˌmɒnəˈlɪŋɡwəl]mathematical [ˌmæθəˈmætɪk(ə)l]spatial[ˈspeɪʃ(ə)l] geometry[dʒiˈɒmətri]score[skɔː(r)] fund[fʌnd]monetary[ˈmʌnɪtri] InternationalMonetary Fundannual[ˈænjuəl]disperse[dɪˈspɜːs] marcher[ˈmɑːtʃə(r)]cut offHindu[ˈhɪnduː] Maha KumbhMelacommemorate[kəˈmeməreɪt] mythological[ˌmɪθəˈlɒdʒɪkl] confer[kənˈfɜː(r)] immortality[ˌɪmɔːˈtæləti] sadhu[ˈsɑːduː] simplicity[sɪmˈplɪsəti]chariot[ˈtʃæriət]pilgrim[ˈpɪlɡrɪm] wipe awaysin[sɪn] downpour[ˈdaʊnpɔː(r)] douse[daʊs] bushfire[ˈbʊʃˌfaɪə] fortnight[ˈfɔːtnaɪt] evacuation[ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃn]welfare[ˈwelfeə(r)] telecom[ˈtɛlɪˌkɒm]telecommunicat ion [ˌtelikəˌmjuːnɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n]geographical [ˌdʒiːəˈɡræfɪk(ə)l]boundary[ˈbaʊndri] highly[ˈhaɪli]the WorldWireless Forummobility[məʊˈbɪləti] freelancer[ˈfriːlɑːnsə(r)]migrant[ˈmaɪɡrənt]ownership[ˈəʊnəʃɪp]vague[veɪɡ] countless[ˈkaʊntləs]indispensable [ˌɪndɪˈspensəbl ]long forrelieved[rɪˈliːvd]cross[krɒs] furious[ˈfjʊəriəs] insecure[ˌɪnsɪˈkjʊə(r)]shattered[ˈʃætəd] disillusioned[ˌdɪsɪˈluːʒnd]let down[ˈlet daʊn] satisfaction[ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn]dread[dred]sprain[spreɪn] disallow[ˌdɪsəˈlaʊ]out of the blueintend[ɪnˈtend] punchline[ˈpʌntʃlaɪn] grizzly[ˈɡrɪzli]passion[ˈpæʃ(ə)n] caveman[ˈkeɪvmæn] playwright[ˈpleɪraɪt] statesman[ˈsteɪtsmən]habit-forming[ˈhæbɪt fɔːmɪŋ]juggle[ˈdʒʌɡl] juggler[ˈdʒʌɡlə(r)]packed[pækt]blazing[ˈbleɪzɪŋ] hesitant[ˈhezɪtənt]squint[skwɪnt] wildly[ˈwaɪldli] bounce[baʊns]hop[hɒp]limp[lɪmp] mystifiedashamed[əˈʃeɪmd] amusement[əˈmjuːzmənt]desperation[ˌdespəˈreɪʃn] onwards[ˈɒnwədz] beg formessy[ˈmesi]retire[rɪˈtaɪə(r)]wit[wɪt]purse[pɜːs] heartbroken[ˈhɑːtbrəʊkən]belongings[bɪˈlɒŋɪŋz]chop[tʃɒp] majesty[ˈmædʒəsti] sob[sɒb]count[kaʊnt] sideboard[ˈsaɪdbɔːd]jester[ˈdʒestə(r)] astonishment[əˈstɒnɪʃmənt] carefree[ˈkeəfriː] camouflage[ˈkæməflɑːʒ]shield[ʃiːld]for sureunforgettable[ˌʌnfəˈɡetəb(ə)l] cunning[ˈkʌnɪŋ]undo[ʌnˈduː]collar[ˈkɒlə(r)] unbutton[ˌʌnˈbʌtn]thread[θred] mutter[ˈmʌtə(r)] undisturbed[ˌʌndɪˈstɜːbd]stride[straɪd] presently[ˈprezntli] shabby[ˈʃæbi] promptly[ˈprɒmptli]tumble[ˈtʌmb(ə)l]punch[pʌntʃ] astride[əˈstraɪd] pound[paʊnd] rage[reɪdʒ]relive[ˌri ːˈl ɪv]good manners disrespectful [ˌd ɪsr ɪˈspektf(ə)l]revolting [r ɪˈv əʊlt ɪŋ]gentlemanly [ˈd ʒentlm ənli]unhygienic [ˌʌnha ɪˈd ʒi ːn ɪk]unprofessionalˌʌnpr əˈfe ʃənl]misinterpreted [ˌm ɪs ɪn ˈt ɜːpr ət]drop in[ˈdrɒp ɪn] sneeze[sniːz]curse[kɜːs] context[ˈkɒntekst] infuriate[ɪnˈfjʊərieɪt] dispenser[dɪˈspensə(r)] device[dɪˈvaɪs]disapprove[ˌdɪsəˈpruːv] uneasy[ʌnˈiːzi] aural[ˈɔːrəl] confusion[kənˈfjuːʒn]standardisation [ˌstændədaɪˈzeɪʃən]be supposed to awkwardness[ˈɔːkwədnəs] overdue[ˌəʊvəˈdjuː] liar[ˈlaɪə(r)]dialect[ˈdaɪəlekt] spinach[ˈspɪnɪtʃ]excessive[ɪkˈsesɪv]undivided[ˌʌndɪˈvaɪdɪd] go into detailsdisplay[dɪˈspleɪ]put sb. downmake light ofdumbness[ˈdʌmnəs]get one's mindofftactful[ˈtæktfl]straightforward[ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd] opinionated[əˈpɪnjəneɪtɪd] obligation[ˌɒblɪˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n] necessity[nəˈsesəti] inappropriate[ˌɪnəˈprəʊpriət] voice mailfuneral[ˈfjuːnərəl] punctual[ˈpʌŋktʃuəl] the other nightcalm downsocialise[ˈsəʊʃəlaɪz] stumble[ˈstʌmbl] dry upbe unsure ofstatus[ˈsteɪtəs]interrogation [ɪnˌterəˈɡeɪʃ(ə)n]tempt[tempt]unclear[ˌʌnˈklɪə(r)] summarise[ˈsʌməraɪz] restate[ˌriːˈsteɪt] look sb. in theeyedistract[dɪˈstrækt] over-emotionalcharm[tʃɑːm] unconsciously[ʌnˈkɒnʃəsli]come acrossget acrossresent[rɪˈzent]defensive[dɪˈfensɪv]washed outflatmate[ˈflætmeɪt]protective[prəˈtektɪv] hint[hɪnt] drop a hintspoil[spɔɪl]drop outsack[sæk]fly off thehandleexplosive[ɪkˈspləʊsɪv] conversational[ˌkɒnvəˈseɪʃənl] concise[kənˈsaɪs] courteous[ˈkɜːtiəs] overuse[ˌəʊvəˈjuːs] clichépunctuation[ˌpʌŋktʃuˈeɪʃn]courtesy[ˈkɜːtəsi] sign-off[ˈsaɪn ɒf]neglect[nɪˈɡlekt]for the sake ofrecipient[rɪˈsɪpiənt] annoyance[əˈnɔɪəns] abbreviation[əˌbriːviˈeɪʃn]as far asoverdo[ˌəʊvəˈduː] oblivious[əˈblɪviəs] dispatch[dɪˈspætʃ] in accordanceherewith [ˌhɪəˈwɪð;ˌhɪəˈwɪθ]sum[sʌm] print[prɪnt]out of printdinosaur[ˈdaɪnəsɔː(r)] endeavour[ɪnˈdevə(r)] retail[ˈriːteɪl; rɪˈteɪl] outlet[ˈaʊtlet]uncooperative [ˌʌnkəʊˈɒpərətɪv]reluctant[rɪˈlʌktənt]nuisance[ˈnjuːsns] aisle[aɪl]choke[tʃəʊk] ineffective[ˌɪnɪˈfektɪv]oasis[əʊˈeɪsɪs] numerous[ˈnjuːmərəs] tailor-made[ˌteɪləˈmeɪd] place an ordermar[mɑː(r)] litterbug[ˈlɪtəbʌɡ] efficiency[ɪˈfɪʃ(ə)nsi] pothole[ˈpɒthəʊl] install[ɪnˈstɔːl]payoff[ˈpeɪˌɒf]jail[dʒeɪl]civil[ˈsɪv(ə)l]tag[tæɡ] auction[ˈɔːkʃ(ə)n]plaster[ˈplɑːstə(r)] outnumber[ˌaʊtˈnʌmbə(r)] sling-shotsviolation[ˌvaɪəˈleɪʃ(ə)n]chime[tʃaɪm]back up[bæk ʌp] publicity[pʌbˈlɪsəti] slogan[ˈsləʊɡən] antispitdistribution[ˌdɪstrɪˈbjuːʃn] pamphlet[ˈpæmflət] poster[ˈpəʊstə(r)]strip[strɪp]contest[ˈkɒntest] liveable[ˈlɪvəbl]flush[flʌʃ]enact[ɪˈnækt] inspector[ɪnˈspektə(r)] intrude[ɪnˈtruːd] consciousness[ˈkɒnʃəsnəs] norm[nɔːm]Tom SawyerPolly[ˈpɒli] DubaiAfghanistan [æfˈɡænɪstɑːn;æfˈɡænɪstæn]BrixtonGeneva[dʒɪˈniːvə] the Strait TimesSingapore[ˌsɪŋəˈpɔː(r)] the Middle EastThailand[ˈtaɪlænd] Uttar PradeshSeattle[sɪˈæt(ə)l] Peru[pəˈruː]美音释义[ˌɡloʊbələˈzeɪʃn; ˌɡloʊbəlaɪˈzeɪʃən]n. 全球化，=globalization[reɪs]n. 属，种；种族，人种；家庭，门第vt. 使参加比赛；和…竞赛；使急走，使全速行进vi. 比速度，参加竞赛；全速行进[brænd]n. 商标，牌子；烙印vt. 铭刻于，铭记；打烙印于；印…商标于[ˈɪmpɔːrt]n. 进口，进口货；输入；意思，含义；重要性vt. 输入，进口；含…的意思vi. 输入，进口[ˈeθnɪk]adj. 种族的；人种的[ˌnɑːn ˈneɪtɪv]adj. 非本地；非原生n. 外乡人[ˌmʌltiˈnæʃnəl]adj. 跨国公司的；多国的n. 跨国公司[ɪnˈvestər]n. 投资者多种族的多民族的[ˌemɪˈɡreɪʃn]n. 移民；移民出境；移居外国[ˌɪmɪˈɡreɪʃn]n. 外来移民；移居[klæʃ]n. 冲突，不协调；碰撞声，铿锵声vt. 使碰撞作声vi. 冲突，抵触；砰地相碰撞，发出铿锵声n. 美国化[dɪˈpraɪv]vt. 使丧失，剥夺na. 发作；惹人注意[ˌs ʌb ˈkɑːnt ɪn ənt]n. 次大陆[ju ˈni ːkn əs]n. 独特性；独一无二；单值性[əˈpo ʊz ɪŋ]adj. 反对的；相对的；对面的v. 反对（oppose 的ing形式）[p ər ˈsu ː]vi. 追赶；继续进行vt. 继续；从事；追赶；纠缠[ˈla ɪkwa ɪz]adv. 同样地；也[ɪn ˈfek ʃəs]adj. 传染的；传染性的；易传染的[ˈb ɪlb ɔːrd]n. 广告牌；布告板vt. 宣传；介绍[ˈj ʌŋst ər]n. 年轻人；少年[ˈhedset]n. 耳机；头戴式受话器[s ɪp]n. 抿；小口喝；单列直插式组件vt. 啜vi. 啜饮adj. 多层的[leɪn]n. 小巷；[航][水运] 航线；车道；罚球区[stroʊk]n. （游泳或划船的）划；中风；（打、击等的）一下；冲程；（成功的）举动；尝试；轻抚vt. （用笔等）画；轻抚；轻挪；敲击；划尾桨；划掉；（打字时）击打键盘vi. 击球；作尾桨手，指挥划桨；（打字时）击打键盘[ˈepɪsoʊd]n. 插曲；一段情节；插话；有趣的事件[ˈhaɪ raɪz]n. 高楼；大厦adj. 高楼的；超高层的[ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbl]adj. 不可思议的；难以想像的[ˈkɑːmənpleɪs]n. 老生常谈；司空见惯的事；普通的东西adj. 平凡的；陈腐的[sper]n. 剩余；备用零件vt. 节约，吝惜；饶恕；分出，分让adj. 多余的；瘦的；少量的vi. 饶恕，宽恕；[ˌaʊt əv ˈdeɪt]adj. 过时的；缺乏新信息的；陈腐的；失效的[ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ]vt. 简化；使单纯；使简易[kənˈtroʊlər]n. 控制器；管理员；主计长[kəˈmænd]n. 指挥，控制；命令；司令部vt. 命令，指挥；控制；远望vi. 命令，指挥；控制n. 应用语言学[ˈsʌbsɪkwənt]adj. 后来的，随后的[ˌɪmplɪˈkeɪʃn]n. 含义；暗示；牵连，卷入；可能的结果，影响[ɪnˈtelɪdʒəbl]adj. 可理解的；明了的；仅能用智力了解的[kənˈfɔːrm]adj. 一致的；顺从的vi. 符合；遵照；适应环境vt. 使遵守；使一致；使顺从[ˈærəbɪk]n. 阿拉伯语adj. 阿拉伯的；阿拉伯人的[lɪˈdʒɪtɪmət]adj. 合法的；正当的；合理的；正统的vt. 使合法；认为正当（等于legitimize）[ˈpeɪtrənaɪz]vt. 以高人一等的态度对待; 光顾，惠顾[ˈdrɔːbæk]n. 缺点，不利条件；退税[kənˌsɪdəˈreɪʃn ]n. 考虑；原因；关心；报酬[dɪˈvaɪz]n. 遗赠vt. 设计；想出；发明；图谋；遗赠给[ˈsɪləbəs]n. 教学大纲，摘要；课程表。
深圳牛津版九年级Chapter_9课文知识点讲解及练习
一、重点单词1、nature 自然natural 自然地2、desert 沙漠★3、excitement 兴奋excite \ excited \ exciting4、discovery 发现discover5、unfairly 不公平地fair公平的6、truly 真正地true 真正的truth 真相7、family （动植物）科，家庭★8、advantage 优点，优势take advantage of 充分利用9、tulip 郁金香★10、work v 工作，运行n 工作，作品11、stand n 看台v 站立12、survive 幸存★13、rare 稀有的，珍贵的，罕见的A rare book 珍贵的书In rare case 偶尔，难得的14、gardening 园艺green fingers /be good at gardening二、词组★1、be filled with=be full of：充满，填满2、in the middle of ：在……的中间、In the centre of3、grow up：成长★4、as hard as he can=as hard as possible5、be ready to/ get ready to 准备做某事6、all over the world：全世界7、despite this=in spite of this：尽管这样★8、try one’s best to do=try as hard as sb can to do=do everything possible9、come true vi. 实现realize vt. 实现10、at the latest：最迟11、take place：发生happen 不用被动语态12、put in prison 坐牢13、fall in love with 、be in love with 爱上★14、be famous for 因……而著名Be famous as 作为……而著名二、知识点讲解1、weird The weird world of plantsWeird adj 怪异的，超自然的，不可思议的Eg：I found her poem a bit weird. 我发现他的诗有点怪【拓展】weirdly 古怪地Weird 古怪的人★2、survive 幸免于，幸存Eg : Few buildings survived the earthquake.地震以后存留的建筑物寥寥无几。
unit9注解笔记
Unit 9 划线部分为必背内容curly adj. “卷曲的；卷毛的”其反义词为straight，意为“直的”。
Does she have curly hair or straight hair? 她的头发是卷发还是直发？【回顾】straight 作副词，意为“直地；笔直地”，Go straight and then turn left. 直走然后向左转。
2. height n.“高度” 不可数搭配：the height of …的高度询问高度是多少用what, 不用how many或how muchWhat’s the height of the tree? 这棵树有多高？搭配：…in height=tall 表示有。
高Yao Ming is 2 meters tall/in height.【拓展】high adj.“高的”, 多指山高high mountains，也可以表示建筑或树高=tallA tall/high building , 还可以指价格、速度、温度等方面的高 A high price3. a little “有点儿” +形容词。
表示程度=a bit; kind of= a little bitIt’s a little cold tonight. 今晚有点冷。
a little “一些；少许”+不可数名词。
表示数量There’s a little meat in the bowl.碗里有点肉。
little 表示否定意义，“几乎没有”There is little meat. Let’s buy some. 几乎没有肉。
我们去买一些吧。
拓展：a few “一些”+可数名词复数I have a few books. 我有一些书。
few 表示否定意义，“几乎没有”+可数名词复数I have few books. I want to buy some. 我几乎没有书。
我想要买一些。
4. glass “玻璃” ，是不可数名词“玻璃杯”，可数名词glasses “眼镜” 搭配：a pair of glassesGlass is broken easily. 玻璃很易碎。
Unit 9 单词讲解
UNIT 9 Have you ever been to..(52个单词)·amusement/ n. 娱乐；游戏Linda went to the amusement park yesterday.(琳达昨天去了游乐园。
)·amusement park[ˌəˈmju:zmənt pɑ:k] / 游乐场Disneyland is an amusement park.(迪士尼是一个娱乐公园。
)·somewhere[ˈsʌmweə(r)] / adv. 在某处；到某处Birds were chattering somewhere.(鸟儿在某处唧唧喳喳地叫着。
)·camera[ˈkæmərə] / n. 照相机；摄影机；摄像机This camera is too dear.(这架照相机太贵了。
)·invention[ɪnˈvenʃn] / n. 发明；发明物The spinning wheel was a Chinese invention.(纺车是中国人的发明。
)·invent[ɪnˈvent] / v. 发明；创造He didn''t just invent the bulb.(他并不仅仅发明了灯泡。
)·unbelievable/ adj. 难以置信的；不真实的It''s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!(令人难以置信的是，技术进步如此之快！)·progress/ v. & n. 进步；进展It''s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!(令人难以置信的是，技术进步如此之快！)·rapid/ adj. 迅速的；快速的It''s unbelievable that technology has progressed in such a rapid way!(令人难以置信的是，技术进步如此之快！)·unusual/ adj. 特别的；不寻常的I''ve recently been to a very unusual museum in India, the International Museum of Toilets.(我最近去了印度一个非常不寻常的博物馆，国际厕所博物馆。
人教版英语选修9-11带英文注解带音标词汇
人教版英语选修9-11带英文注解带音标词汇选修9unit1hurding jumping over a series of wooden frames in a race n. 跨栏运动boxing /5bCksiN/ sport flighting with fists n. 拳击hula hoping 玩呼啦圈△pogo stick jumping弹簧单高跷游戏△jumping jack跳爆竹（一种跳跃运动，跳起时双腿展开，双手在头顶接触，然后慢慢恢复到双脚并拢，手臂垂放在身体两侧的姿势）somersaulting n. 翻筋斗lunge /lQndV/ sudden forword movement of the body n. vt. 刺，越近，前冲△Ashrita Furman阿什里塔.弗曼Guinness /5^inis/ 吉尼斯（人名）Guinness book of Word Records 《吉尼斯世界纪录大全》approximate /E5prCksimeit/ almost correct but not exact;more or less adj. 近似的，大概的approximately /EprRksI5mEtlI/ adv. 近似地，大约地conventional /kEn5venFEnl/ following accepted practices,customs or standards adj. 习俗的，传统的laughter /5lB:ftE/ act,sound or manner of laughing n. 笑，笑声reality /ri(:)5Aliti/ quality or state of being real n. 真实，事实in reality actual fact;really in 实际上，现实ajustment act of changing slightly in order to fit into a particular job or new conditions n.调节，调整tough /tQf/ difficult adj. 强硬的，困难的 adv. 顽强的extreme /iks5tri:m/ very great in degree;very severe or serious adj. 极端的，偏激的vomit /5vRmIt/ to throw up (contents or the stomach) through the mouth n. 呕吐，呕吐物gymastics exercises performed to develop the muscles or fitness n.(pl) 体操，体能训练gymnastically of physical exercise and training adv. 体能训练方面unfit /5Qn5fit/ not perfectly healthy and fit adj. 不适宜的,不太健康的fascinate /5fAsineit/ to attract or interest (sb) greatly vt. 使着迷，入迷meditation /medi5teiFEn/ practice of deep religious thought;deep thought,esp about spiritual matters n. 沉思，冥想△Sri chinmoy /sri:5 tFInmCI/ 斯里琴摩spritual of the human spirit or soul;not of physical things adj. 精神上的marathon /5mArEWEn/ long-distance running race of about 42 kilometres or 26 miles n. 马拉松赛跑urge /E:dV/ to beg or persuade with force vt. 催促，力劝accomplish /E5kCmpliF/ to succeed in doning sth;to achieve vt. 完成，实现motivation /7mEuti5veiFEn/ act or state of providing sb with a reason or cause for doing sth n. 动机devotion /di5vEuFEn/ deep strong love;giving oneself to n. 热爱，投入soul /sEul/ spiritual or non-material part of a person,beliveed to exist after death n.灵魂，心灵，精神sacred /5seikrid/ connected with a god or religion;regarded with great respect adj. 宗教的，庄严的；神圣的deed /di:d/ act;things done n. 行为，功绩conception /kEn5sepFEn/ an idea or a plan n. 主意，计划tact /tAkt/ ability to do or say the right thing at the right time;skill at not offending people n. 机敏，乖巧，老练，技巧regret /ri5^ret/ be sorry about sth vt. vi. 后悔，感到抱歉repentance /ri5pentEns/ regret or sorrow for wrongdoing n. 后悔wisdom /5wizdEm/ quality of being wise n. 智慧virtue /5vE:tju:/ any good quality of character or behaviour n. 美德noble / nEubl/ having or showing an excellent character /n. member of the highest social class adj. 高尚的，贵族的 n.贵族doom /du:m/ vt. to cause to experience or suffer sth unavoidable /n.fate,esp a tragic or ruinous one vt. 注定，判决 n.厄运；毁灭bid /bid/ vt.&vi. to offer to pay a price or to provide services for price /n. an offer or proposal of a price vt. vi. 出价，投标 n.出价，投标juggle /5dVQ^l/ to throw things up into the air,catch them and throw them into the air again and again vt. vi. 耍把戏，玩杂耍triathlon /trai5AWlCn/ sports competition in which competitors run,swim and cycle long distances n. 三项全能运动triathlete /traI`AWli:t/ sb who competes in a triathlon n. 三项全能运动员amateur /5AmEtE(:), 5AmEtjuE/ person who practises a sport or artistic skill without receiving money for it or as a partime rather than profession n. 业余爱好者champion /5tFAmpjEn/ person,team,animal or plant that has defeated all others in a competition n. 冠军，优胜者therefore /5TZEfC:/ for that reason;so adv. 因此，所以△Barcelona /7bB:si5lEunE/ 巴塞罗那（西班牙东北部港口城市）springboard /5sprINbC:d/ strong board for jumping on or off n. 跳板economics /7i:kE5nCmiks, 7ekE-/ science or principles of the production,distribution and consumption of goods,esp with reference to cost n. 经济学△Slovenia /slEu5vi:njE/ 斯洛文尼亚（国名）entire /in5taiE/ whole;complete adj. 全部的，完整的△the Danube River /5dAnjU:b/ 多瑙河（位于欧洲）attain /E5tein/ to succeed in getting sth;reach or arrive at sth vt. 获得，达到△the Parana River /pE5rB:nE/ 巴拉那河(位于南美洲中南部，该州第二大河)profile /5prEufail/ short description of sb/sth in a newspaper,broadcast programme or on television n.（人物或事物之）简介，侧面，轮廓courageous /kE5reidVEs/ brave;fearless adj. 勇敢的，有胆量的appreciate /E5pri:Fieit/ to understand and enjoy sth;to be thankful for vt. 鉴赏，感激appreciation /E7pri:Fi5eiFEn/ grateful feelings;understanding and enjoyment n. 感谢，感激，欣赏accountant /E5kauntEnt/ person whose job is to keep and examine the money accounts of businesses or people n. 会计receptionist /rI5sepFEnIst/ person who receives people arriving in a hotel n. 招待员；接待员lawyer /5lC:jE/ person who is trained and qualified in legal matters n. 律师politician /pCli5tiFEn/ person whose business is politics n. 政客，政治家scarf /skB:f/ piece of material worn for ornament or warmthround the neck or (by women) over the shoulders or hair n.围巾，头巾，领巾zip /zip/ fastener made of two sets of metal or plastic teeth and sliding piece that joins the edges of an opening in material by drawing the teeth together n. 拉链underwear /5QndEwZE/ clothes worn next to the body under other clothes n. 内衣裤overcoat /5EuvEkEut/ long warm coat worn over other clothes when going out,esp in cold weather n. 外套大衣，长大衣salary /5sAlEri/ fixed regular pay (usually monthly) of money for a job,esp for workers of higher skill and rank n. 薪水wage /weidV/ regular pay (usually weekly) of money for labour or services n. 工资选修9unit2△Marco Polo /5mB:kEu, 5pEulEu/ 马可.波罗latitude /5lAtitju:d/ imaginary line around the middle of the world,measured in degrees n. 纬度voyage /5vCIIdV/ long journey,esp by sea or in space n. 航海，航行mercy /5mE:si/ kindness forgiveness n. 仁慈，宽恕，怜悯at the mercy of under the control of sb/sth;in the power of sb/sth 受……支配encyclopedia /en7saiklEu5pi:diE/ book or set of books giving information about every branch of knowledge,or about one particular subject,with articles in alphabetical order n. 百科全书alongside /E5lCN5said/ side by side with; beside prep. 靠着，沿着；adv. 在旁边，沿着边exploration /7eksplC:5reiFEn/ activity of exploring n. 探险，探测minimum /5minimEm/ least or smallest adj. 最小的，最低的celestial /si5lestjEl, si5lestFEl/ heavenly;of the sky adj. 天上的pole /pEul/ either of the two points at the exact top and bottom of the earth,which are the opposite ends of the axis on which it turns n. 地极，柱，杆equator /i5kweitE/ imaginary line around the earth halfway between its North and South Poles n. 赤道horizon /hE5raizn/ line at which the earth and sky appear to meet n. 地平线，视野overhead /5EuvEhed/ above one's head adj. 在头上的 adv.在头顶上；在空中；在高处seaweed /5si:wi:d/ plant growing in the sea,esp on rocks at the edge of the sea n. 海草，海藻nowhere /5nEuhwZE/ not anywhere adv. 无处offshore /5C(:)fFC:/ at sea not far from land adj. 离岸的，海面上的outward /5autwEd/ (of a journey)going out or away from (a place that one is going to return to) adv.towards the outside adj. 外面的，向外的 adv.向外；在外tide /taid/ regular rise and fall of large areas of water,esp the sea caused by the pull of thc moon and sun n. 潮，潮汐，潮流，趋势secure /si5kjuE/ safe adj. 安全的，可靠地knot /nCt/ a part where one or more pieces of string, rope,cloth etc have been tied or twisted together; a tight uncomfortable feeling caused by a strong emotion such as fear or anger n.结vt.to tie together two ends or pieces of string,rope,cloth ,etc 打结log /lC^/ thick piece of wood from a tree n. 原木，木材nautical /5nC:tikEl/ connected with ships or sailing adj.海上的，航海的nautical mile 海里magnetic /mA^5netik/ having the qualities of a magnet adj. 磁的，有磁性的△bearing circle方位圆random /5rAndEm/ made or done without any plan adj. 任意的，随便的△astrolabe /5AstrEleIb/ n. 古代的天体观测仪，星盘awkward /5C:kwEd/ difficult to use adj. 难使用的，笨拙的reference /5refrEns/ act of mentioning;act of looking at for information n. 参考△quadrant /5kwCdrEnt/ n. 象限，四分仪precise /pri5sais/ exact；accurate adj. 精确的，准确的simplify /5simplifai/ to make simple vt. 单一化，简单化portable /5pC:tEbl/ light and that can be (easily) carried or moved adj. 轻便的，手提的，便携的shortcoming /5FC:tkQmIN/ fault；defect n. 缺点短处△sextant /5sekstEnt/ n. 六分仪update /Qp5deit/ to bring sth up to data;to make more modern vt. 更新tendency /5tendEnsi/ way a person or thing tends to be or behave;tend 趋向，倾向reliable /ri5laiEbl/ dependable adj. 可靠地，可信赖的△Samuel /5sAmjuEl/ 塞缪尔swoop /swu:p/ to come down suddenly with a rushing movement vi. 突降，猛扑parcel /5pB:sl/ thing or things wrapped up for carrying or posting n. 小包；包裹peck /pek/ (of birds) to pick up and eat (food) with the beak vt. vi. 啄食cliff /klif/ high,steep face of rock,esp at the edge of the sean. 悬崖，峭壁expedition /7ekspi5diFEn/ organized journey or voyage with a particular aim n.远征compulsory /kEm5pQlsEri/ that must be done;required by rules,etc adj. 必须做的，必修的reform /ri5fC:m/ change or changes made to a system organization in order to improve it n. 改革，革新survival /sE5vaivEl/ state of continuing to live n. 生存，幸存△Captain Bligh布莱船长△Tahiti /tB:5hi:ti/ 塔西提岛（位于太平洋）incident /5insidEnt/ event or happening n. 事件，事变departure /di5pB:tFE/ action of going away or leaving n. 出发，离开crew /kru:/ all the people working on a ship,plane,etc n. （轮船、飞机等上的）工作人员，（工作）队deposit /di5pCzit/ to put sth down in a particular place;to put money in a bank vt. 放，（把钱）存入银行dilemma /di5lemE7 dai-/ situation in which one has to choose between two undesirable things or courses or action n. 进退两难的局面drawback /5drC:7bAk/ disadvantage;problem n. 缺点，障碍dusk /dQsk/ time before night n. 薄暮，黄昏routine /ru:5ti:n/ fixed and regular way of doing things n. 常规，日常事务reckon /5rekEn/ to calculate approximately;to guess vt. 计算，估计reckoning /5rekEniN/ calculation n. 计算，估计starvation /stB:5veiFEn/ suffering or death from lack of food n. 挨饿，饿死psychology /sai5kClEdVi/ science or study of the mind andhow it functions n.心理学psychologically /9psaIkE`lCdVIkElI/ of or connected with or affecting the mind adv.心理上地；心理学地△tesion feeling of nervous anxiety,worry or pressure n. 紧张，不安，张力gradual /5^rAdjuEl/ happening slowly adj. 逐渐的，逐步的gradually /5^rAdjJElI/ not suddenly adv.逐渐地，逐步地foresee /fC:5si:/ see or know that sth is going to happen in the future vt. 预知，预见thirst /WE:st/ desire for drink n. 渴，口渴△Timor /5ti:mC:/ 帝汶岛（位于东南亚）set loose start off 出发，开始tear /tiE/ to pull apart or into pieces by force vt. 扯破，撕破hardship /5hB:d7Fip/ difficult conditions of life n. 困苦，艰难jaw /dVC:/ either of the bone structures containing the teeth n. 颚，颌，下巴jaw of death the gate of hell 鬼门关，死神△Greenland /5^ri:nlEnd/ 格陵兰（位于北美洲东北部，世界第一大岛）△Shetland Islands设得兰群岛（位于英国苏格兰北部）△the Faroe Islands法罗群岛（位于丹麦北大西洋）roar /rC:/ to make or produce a loud noise vt. vi.咆哮，轰鸣background /5bAk^raund/ conditions existing when sth happens n. 背景，后台选修9unit3associate /E5sEuFieit/ to join (people or things) togelher;to connect (ideas,etc) in one's mind vt. 使发生关系，使联合，结交associatte with 与……联系△Perth /pE:W/ 珀思（澳大利亚西南部港口城市）△Kakadu /kAkE 5dU:/ 卡卡杜湾Canberra /5kAnbErE/ 堪培拉（澳大利亚首都）△Uluru /U:5lU:rU:/ 乌卢鲁，埃尔斯岩（Ayres Rock）的土著名barrier /5bAriE/ thing that prevents or controls progress or movement;thing that keeps people apart n. 障碍物，栅栏，屏障Great Barrier Reef world largest coral reef, along the northeast coast of Australia 大堡礁brochure /brEu5FjuE/ booklet containing information about sth or；advertising sth n. （作介绍或宣传用的）小册子Commonwealth n. 国家，共和国，联邦△Kosciuszko /kCzI5jCskEJ/ 科西阿斯科山（位于澳大利亚东南部）Oceania /7EuFi5einiE/ n. 大洋洲adequate /5Adikwit/ enough for the purpose; sufficient adj. 适当的，足够的△Melbourne /5melbEn/ 墨尔本（澳大利亚东南部港市，维多利亚州首府）ecology /i(:)5kClEdVi/ scientific study of the pattern of relations between plants,animals and people to each other and to their surroundings n. 生态学;生态autonomous /C:5tCnEmEs/ self-governing;governing itself adj. 自治的federal /5fedErEl/ of a system of government in which several states unite,usually for foreign policy,defence,etc,but each state can have its own government to decide its affairs adj. 联邦的，联合的，联邦制的defence /di5fens/ act of protecting against attack n. 防卫，辩护policy /5pClisi/ plan or action in directing affairs chosen by a government,political party,business,etc n. 政策，方针tax /tAks/ money paid by peopleor business to a government for public purposes according to income,property,goodsbought,etc n. 税，税款taxation /tAk5seiFEn/ act of taxing,taxes to be paid n. 征税，税款nation /5neiFEn/ large group of people,usually sharing a common history,language,etc,living in one country n. 国家，民族citizen /5sitizn/ person who has full rights as a member of a country 公民，市民citizenship /`sItIzLnFIp/ state of being a citizen,esp of a particular country,wilh the rights and duties (that involves) n.公民身份，公民的职责和权力celebration /7seli5breiFEn/ marking of a happy or important day,events,etc,with festivities and rejoicing n. 庆典birthplace /5b\:WpleIs/ place of birth n.诞生地tolerate /5tClEreit/ to allow (sth that one dislikes or disagrees with) vt. 忍受，容忍tolerance /5tClErEns/ quality of being able to tolerate n. 宽容，忍受migrant /5mai^rEnt/ person or animal that moves from one place to live or work in another n. 移居，移民，候鸟homeland /5hEJmlAnd/ one's native country n. 祖国，本国via /5vaiE, 5vi:E/ by way of (sth) prep. 经由，通过，经△Adelaide /5AdEleid/ 阿德莱德（澳大利亚东南部港市，南澳大利亚前首府）superb /sju:5pE:b/ perfect in form,quality,etc; wonderful;excellent;splendid adj. 卓越的，杰出的，极好的△Nullarbor /`nQlEbR:(r)/ 纳拉伯平原（位于澳大利亚西南部，火箭制造基地和试验场）rust /rQst/ reddish brown coating formed on iron and some other metals by the action of water and air n. 铁锈rusty /`rQstI/ covered with rust adj.生锈的；铁锈色的tropical /5trCpikl/ coming from or existing in the hottest parts of the world adj. 热带的splendour /5splendE/ excellent or grand beauty;state or quality of being splendid,magnificent,glorious or grand n. 壮观，杰出，壮丽timetable /5taImteIb(E)l/ list showing the time at which certain events will take place n. 时间表，时刻表heritage /5heritidV/ sth which one receives by right after death of an older member of the family n. 遗产，继承物aboriginal /7AbE5ridVEnEl/ esp of people) inhabiting a land from very early period,esp before the arrival of colonists,esp in Australia adj. 土著的，土生的 n. 土著居民out of respect because of respect 出于尊敬fortnight /5fC:tnait/ two weeks n. 两个星期reservation /7rezE5veiFEn/ booking n. 保留，预定△Hobart /5hEubB:t/ 霍巴特（澳大利亚塔斯马尼亚岛东南岸港市）highway /5haiwei/ main public road;broad main road used by traffic going in two directions and often leading from one town to another n. 公路，大路，（美）高速公路cradle /5kreidl/ small bed for a baby,usually made so that it can be moved gently from, side to side;place where some important movement or idea begins n. 摇篮，发源地rainfall /5reinfC:l/ total amount of rain falling within a given area in a given time n. 降雨，降雨量agriculture /5A^rikQltFE/ science or practice of farming, esp of growing crops and rearing animals n. 农业，农学sow /sau/ to plant with seeds vt. vi. 播种，传播bachelor /5bAtFElE/ unmarried man n. 单身汉，（文理）学士correspond /kCris5pCnd/ to exchange letters vi. 通信，符合correspond with 与……通信owe /Eu/ to feel grateful to;to be in debt to sb for sth vt. vi.感激，欠（债等）owe to 把……归功于；欠enclosure /in5klEuVE/ piece of land that is surrounded with a fence or wall n. 围地,（用语特定目的）围场authority /C:5WCriti/ person or group having the power to give orders or take action n. 权力，权威，当局desperate /5despErit/ (of a person) ready for any wild act because of loss of hope;(of an action) done as a last attempt adj. 不顾一切，绝望的shrink /FriNk/ (cause sth to) become smaller because of heat ,cold or water vt. vi. 收缩，（使）皱缩，缩短barbecue /5bB:bIkju:/ metal frame for cooking meat,etc over an open fire;outdoor part at which food is cooked in this way and eaten n. 金属烤架，烧烤野餐talk…into… to persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事wind /waind/ to fold sth round sb/sth closely vt. 绕，缠limb /lim/ leg,arm or wing of an animal n. 肢，翼，分支venom /5venEm/ n. 毒液，恶意，怨恨venomous /5venEmEs/ adj. 有毒的，分泌毒液的anti-venom n. 抗毒paralyze /5pArElaIz/ make temporarily unable to move vt. 使瘫痪，使麻痹sickness /5siknis/ illness n. 疾病，恶心recover /ri5kQvE/ to return to the usual state of health,or strength,etc vt. vi. 痊愈，复原funnel /5fQnEl/ tube-like vessel that is large and round at the top and small at the bottom,used for pouring liquids or powders through a small hole into a vessel with a narrow neck n. 漏斗△funnelweb spider n. 漏斗网蜘蛛snatch /snAtF/ to seize (sth/sb) quickly and sometimesrudely vt. 攫取；抢走amongst /E5mQNst/ =among;surrounded by;in the middle of prep. 在……中间，在……之中vinegar /5vini^E/ sour liquid made from malt,wine,etc and used for flavouring food and for pickling n. 醋unconscious /Qn5kCnFEs/ not knowing what is going on around one because one is unable to use bodily senses and mental powers adj. 不省人事的，未发觉的，无意识的选修9unit4 pollinate /5pClineit/ transfer pollen and fertilize plant vt. 对……授粉pollinator n. 虫媒courtyard /5kC:tjB:d/ space enclosed by wall or buildings,next to or within a large house n. 庭院，院子，天井balcony /5bAlkEni/ platform with a wall or rail built onto the outside wall of a building and reached from an upstairs room n. 阳台，包厢exotic /i^5zCtik/ from elsewhere;strikingly different adj. 异国情调的，外来的，奇异的date back to to have lasted since (the date of building or origin) 追溯到，远在……年代distant /5distEnt/ far away in space or time adj. 远的，远处的Egypt /5i:dVIpt/ n. 埃及goods /^udz/ things for sale n. 货物scale /skeil/ balance for weighing; one of the two pans on a balance;relative size,extent,scope,etc n. 磅秤，天平盘；规模；程度；范围conflict /5kCnflikt/ struggle;flight;disagreement n. 斗争，冲突missionary /5miFEnEri/ adj. 教会的，传教的n. 传教士△d'Incarville汤执中（法）△Joseph Banks约瑟夫.班克斯endeavour /in5devE/ effort;attempt to do sth new or difficult n. 尽力，竭力anchor /5ANkE/ piece of heavy metal,usually a hook with two arms,at the end of a chain,rope,etc,for lowering in the water to keep a ship from moving vt.to lower an anchor to stop a ship from moving n. 锚 vt. 抛锚，锚定△Nathaniel Ward纳撒尼尔.沃德tight /taIt/ fixed,fastened or drawn together firmly adj. 紧的，紧密的tightly /5taItlI/ in a tight manner adv.紧紧地；坚固地seal /si:l/ to fasten or close sth securely vt. 封闭，密封container /kEn5teinE/ box;bottle,etc in which sth is kept,transported ,etc n. 容器△Wardian case沃德箱（培育蕨类植物等的玻璃容器）restriction /ris5trikFEn/ act of putting a limit on sb/sth n. 限制，约束fluency /5fluEnsi/ quality of speaking,writing in an easy smooth manner n.流利，流畅shave /Feiv/ to cut off (hair or beard) close to the skin with a razor vt.&vi. 剃，刮thunderstorm /5WQndEstC:m/ storm with thunder and lightning and usually heavy rain n. 雷雨，暴雷pirate /5paiErit/ person who sails the seas,stopping and robbing ships n. 海盗△Father Farges法尔热神父（法）appeal /E5pi:l/ to be attractive or interesting (to sb) （对某人）有吸引力，求助appeal to being attractive （对某人）有吸引力，呼吁dove /dEuv/ any of various types of pigeon,used as a symbolof peace n. 鸽子botanist /`bCtEnIst/ expert in botany n. 植物学家△chrysanthemum /kri5sAnW7EmEm/ n. 菊花red date 红枣lower /5lEuE/ to let or bring sb/sth down vt. 降低，跌落，减弱beard /biEd/ hair growing on the chin and the lower cheeks of a man's face n. 胡须ripe /raip/ (of fruit,crops,etc) fully grown and ready to be eaten adj. 熟的，成熟的irrigation /7iri5^eiFEn/ supplying (land or crops) with water n. 灌溉weed /wi:d/ unwanted wild plant,esp among crops or garden plants n. 野草，杂草spear /spiE/ weapon with a metal point on a long handle usewd for hunting or fighting n. 矛，标枪string /striN/ thin cord made of twisted threads,used to fasten,pull or tie things up n. 线，细绳，一串spade /speid/ tool for digging,with a wooden handle and a broad metal blade n. 铲，铁锹postpone /pEust5pEun/ to delay;to move to some later time vt. 延迟，推迟pyramid /5pirEmid/ structure with a flat square base and sloping side that meet in a point at the top,esp one of those built of stone by ancient Egyptians as tombs n. 金字塔monument /5mCnjumEnt/ building,column,statue,etc built to remind people of a person or event n. 纪念碑△pitcher plan t n. 猪笼草△Rafflesia arnoldii n. 大王花rot /rCt/ to decay naturally or as the result of some outsideinfluence vt. vi. 腐烂，腐败evolve /i5vClv/ to develop naturally and gradually vt. 进化，发展，进展evolution /7i:vE5lu:FEn, 7evE-/ (scientific idea of) development of various types of animals,plants,etc from fewer and simpler forms n. 演变，进化nectar /5nektE/ sweet liquid that bees collect from flowers n. 花蜜；甘露attach /E5tAtF/ to connect one thing to another vt. 缚上，系上，附加attach to to fix,fasten,join sth to sth 贴上；附上wasp /wCsp/ insect related to the bee,with black and yellow stripes n. 黄蜂beetle /5bi:tl/ insect often large and black with hard wing-cases n. 甲虫bat /bAt, bB:t/ small mouse-like flying animal that eats fruit ant insect and is active at night n. 蝙蝠moth /mCW/ insect like a butterfly but less brightly coloured,flying mainly at night n. 蛾△humming-bird n. 蜂鸟typical /5tipikEl/ representative adj. 典型的，有代表性的petal /5petl/ coloured part of a flower that is shaped like a leaf n. 花瓣tube /5tju:b/ hollow round pipe n. 管，管子delicate /5delikit/ fine;sensitive adj. 精巧的，脆弱的，微妙的fragrant /5frei^rEnt/ having a pleasant or sweet smell adj. 芬芳的，香的daisy /5deizi/ small white flower with a yellow centre,usual growing wild n. 雏菊odour /5EudE/ smell n. 气味，香味，臭味odourless /`EJdElIs/ without a smell adj. 没有气味的，无嗅的give out to send out 发出（气味，热等），分发dull /dQl/ not bright or clear;not shining adj. 不鲜明的，阴暗的musty /5mQsti/ smelling old,damp because of not having been used for a long time adj. 发霉的，有霉味的fruity /5fru:ti/ tasting or smelling strongly of fruit adj. 果味的，（酒）有葡萄味的选修9unit5billboard /5bilbC:d/ (US) large outdoor board for advertisements n.（US）（户外）布告板，广告牌casual /5kAVjuEl/ not formal;for informal occasions adj. 偶然的，随意的，临时的garment /5^B:mEnt/ article of clothing n. 衣服，外衣turn… into to pass from one condition or state to another （使）变成advertiser /5AdvEtaizE/ person who advertises n. 登广告者，广告客户advert /Ed5vE:t/ =advertisement n. 广告inform /in5fC:m/ to tell sb;to give sb knowledge (of sth) vt. 通知，告诉association /E7sEusi5eiFEn/ group of people joined together for a common purpose n. 协会，联系，关联target /5tB:^it/ objective;result aimed at n. 目标，对象，靶子fit into to be suitable (for) 适合basis /5beisis/ foundation n. 基础，根据technique /tek5ni:k/ method of doing or performing sth,esp in the arts or sciences n. 技术，技巧lane /lein/ division of a road,street or highway wide enough for a single line of motor vehicles n. 车道，行车线feature /5fi:tFE/ n.distinctive characteristic;aspect vt.&vi. to have an important or prominent part in sth n. 特征，容貌，特色，特写 vi. vt. 以……为特色，特写conscience /5kCnFEns/ inner sense that knows the difference between right and wrong n. 良心，道德心worthy /5wE:Ti/ deserving respect or recognition adj. 有价值的，可敬的corporation /7kC:pE5reiFEn/ business company n. 公司，法人，社团budget /5bQdVit/ plan of how to spend money n. 预算expense /Ik5spens/ spending of money,etc;cost n. 费用，代价broadcast /5brC:dkB:st/ n. radio or television programme or presentation vt.&vi. to speak or appear on radio or television;to send out (programmes) by radio or television n.广播，播音vt. vi. 广播，播放，播送rely /ri5lai/ to count or depend on sb/sth vi. 依赖，信赖rely on 依赖，依靠visual /5vizjuEl/ concerned with or used in seeing adj. 看的，视觉的generate /5dVenE7reit/ to produce;to cause to exsit or occur vt. 发生，产生response /ris5pCns/ answer;reaction n. 回答，反应，响应stereo /5stiEriEu/ a machine for playing records that produces sounds from two speakers n. 立体声，立体声器材have no use for to have no respect for sb or sth 不需要，讨厌，对……不耐烦，厌恶refresh /ri5freF/ to make fresh again;to give new strength to (sb/sth) vt. 使（精神）振奋，使恢复，更新partly /5pB:tlI/ not completely;in some degree;to someextent adv. 部分，一定程度上murder /5mE:dE/ to skill sb unlawfully,esp on purpose n.unlawful killing of a human being vt. 谋杀，谋杀案n.谋杀suitcase /5sju:tkeis/ case with flat sides for carrying clothes,etc when travelling n. 手提箱，衣箱sheet /Fi:t/ thin piece of any material; large four-sided piece of usually cotton cloth used in pairs between which a person sleeps n. 片，张，薄片，被单actress /5Aktris/ woman actor n. 女演员typist /5taipist/ person who types n. 打字员spokesman /5spEuksmEn/ person who speaks,or is chosen to speak,on behalf of a group n. 发言人fluent /5flu(:)Ent/ (of a person) speaking,writing or perform an action in an easy smooth manner adj. 流利的，流畅的hostess /5hEustis/ female host n. 女主人invitation /7invi5teiFEn/ act of inviting;often written request to go or come somewhere to do sth n. 邀请appoint /E5pCint/ to choose (sb) for a job,position,etc;to arrange,settle,fix,decide vt. 约定，约定，任命chairman /5tFZEmEn/ person in charge of a meeting n. 主席raise /reiz/ to bring or collect (sth) together vt. 筹集，提高，饲养dial /5daiEl/ to use the front or face of a telephone to call vt. 拨(号)operator /5CpEreitE/ person who works a machine,equipment,etc;person who operates a telephone switchboard at the exchange n. 操作员，接线员litre /li:tE(r)/ (=liter) measure of liquids equal to about one and three quarters pints n. 升mature /mE5tjuE/ fully grown and developed adj. 成熟的，到期的fashion /5fAFEn/ manner or way of doing sth;popular style (of cloth,behaviour,etc) at a given time or place n. 样式，流行，时尚misleading /mis5li:diN/ giving wrong ideas adj. 易误解的，令人误解的dishonest /dis5Cnist/ (of a person) not honest;intended to cheat adj. 不诚实的alcoholic /7AlkE5hClik/ adj.of or containing alcohol n. person who drinks too much alcohol adj. 酒精的，含酒精的 n. 酗酒者，酒鬼tobacco /tE5bAkEu/ plant grown for its large leaves,used chiefly in smoking;product made of tobacco n. 烟草，烟草制品ban /bB:n/ n.order banning sth vt.to forbid,esp by law n 禁令vt. 禁止，取缔promote /prE5mEut/ to encourage or support;to progress in work vt. 促进，提升immoral /i5mCrEl/ not moral;not considered good or right adj. 不道德的，邪恶的decent /5di:snt/ proper;socially acceptable adj.正派的，得体的，适当的ethics /5eWiks/ science that deals with moral;moral correctness 伦理学，道德规范ethical /5eWikEl/ of morals or moral questions;morally correct adj. 合乎道德的，道德的offending to hurt the feeling of;to cause displeasure to adj. 令人不愉快的，伤害人的感情的beware /bi5wZE/ to be careful;to take care (about sb/sth) vi. 小心，谨防consumer /kEn5sju:mE/ person who buys goods or usesservices n. 消费者，顾客trustworthy /5trQst7wE:Ti/ worthy of trust;reliable adj. 可信赖的，可靠的选修10unit1venture /5ventFE/ n.new business activity that involves taking risks vi.&vt. to risk going somewhere or do sth dangerous n.（有风险的）商业、企业 vi. vt. 冒险，敢于去web /web/ network or fine threads spun by a spider or some other spinning creature n. （蜘蛛等的）网Scottish /5skCtiF/ of Scotland,its people or its dialect of English adj. 苏格兰的，苏格兰人的，苏格兰英语的suffering /5sQfEriN/ pain of body or mind n. 苦楚，受难gall-bladder organ in the body which contains bile and next to liver n. 胆囊strengthen /5streNWEn/ to become strong or stronger;to gain strength vt. 加强，巩固△Perce Blackborow珀斯.布莱克鲍罗△Sir Ernest Shackleton欧内斯特.沙克尔顿爵士endurance /in5djurEns/ the ability to suffer difficulties or pain with strength and patience n. 忍耐，持久，耐（性）hut /hQt/ small house or shelter usually made of wood n. 小屋，棚屋stove /stEuv/ thing used for cooking n. 炉子unbearable /Qn5bZErEbl/ which is too bad to be borne adj. 无法忍受的，承受不住的cosy /5kEuzi/ warm and comfortable adj. 舒适的，安逸的block out to prevent (sb/sth) from moving 封闭breathless /5breWlis/ breathing with difficulty adj. 喘不过气来的rotten /5rCtn/ having gone bad vt. 使变黑blacken /5blAkEn/ to make sth black：to become black n. 使变黑circumstance /5sE:kEmstEns/ condition or fact connected with an event or action n.环境，详情，境况blast /blB:st/ sudden strong movement of wind or air n. 一阵（风），一股（气流）hoarse /hC:s/ sounding rough and harsh adj. 嘶哑的bless /bles/ to ask God's favour or protection for(sb/sth) vt. 祝福，保佑selfish /5selfiF/ thinking first of one's own interests,needs,etc without concern for others adj. 自私的△Tom Orde-Lees汤姆.奥德.利兹hook /huk/ n.curved piece of wire or plastic,etc for catching sth vt.to fasten or hang sth onto sth else (AmE,informal) to succeed in attracting sb n. 钩，吊钩vt. 钩住，迷上aboard /E5bC:d/ on or into a ship，train,aircraft,bus,etc adv.&prep. 在船（飞机，车等）上，上船（飞机，车等）seasickness /5si:7siknis/ condition of feeling sick in the stomach as the result of the motion of a ship n. 晕船anyhow /5enihau/ whatever the facts may be; in any case adv. 无论如何steward /5stjuEd/ person who serves passengers on a ship,plane or train n. （轮船，飞机等）乘务员，膳务员crush /krQF/ to destroy completely;to press with great force so as to break,hurt or destroy the natural shape or condition vt. 碾碎，粉碎，（使）变形mourn /mC:n/ to feel or show sorrow or regret for the loss of sb/sth vi. vt. 哀悼，忧伤urgent /5E:dVEnt/ very important,esp which must be dealt with quickly adj. 急迫的，紧急的bedding /5bediN/ sheets,covers,etc that are put on a bed n.。
第九课单词详解
第九课单词详解：Confession of a miseducated man1：adequate/ ˈædɪkwət; ˋædəkwət/ adj ~ (to/for sth) satisfactory in quantity or quality;sufficient （数量或质量）令人满意的; 足够的; 充分的; 适当的: take adequate precautions 采取适当的预防措施* Our accommodation is barely adequate. 我们的住房不太够用. * Their earnings are adequate (to their needs). 他们挣的钱足够（需要）.> adequacy / ˈædɪkwəsɪ; ˋædəkwəsɪ/ n [U]. adequately adv: Are you adequately insured? 你买的保险够不够?:2：Anthropology / ˏænθrəˈpɔlədʒɪ; ˏænθrəˋpɑlədʒɪ/ n [U] study of mankind, esp of itsorigins, development, customs and beliefs 人类学（对人类的研究, 尤指研究其起源﹑发展﹑风俗﹑信仰）.> anthropological / ˏænθrəpəˈlɔdʒɪkl; ˏænθrəpəˋlɑdʒɪkl/ adj.anthropologist/ ˏænθrəˈpɔlədʒɪst; ˏænθrəˋpɑlədʒɪst/ n student of or expert in anthropology 人类学者; 人类学家.3：appreciation/ əˏpriːʃɪˈeɪʃn; əˏpriʃɪˋeʃən/ n[U] understanding and enjoyment 欣赏: She shows little or no appreciation of goodmusic. 她对於好音乐鲜有或没有欣赏的能力.[U] grateful recognition of an action 感激; 感谢: Please accept this gift in appreciationof all you've done for us. 多蒙鼎力协助, 无任感谢. 谨备薄礼, 敬请哂纳.4：bypass v [Tn] ignore (a rule, procedure, etc) or fail to consult (sb) in order to act quickly 为图省事而不顾（规则﹑手续等）或不请教（某人）: He bypassed his colleagues on the board and went ahead with the deal. 他未徵求董事会中同事的意见就做了这笔交易.5：capacity/ kəˈpæsətɪ; kəˋpæsətɪ/ n[U] ability to hold or contain sth 容纳某事物的能力: a hall with a seating capacity of2000 有2000个座位的大厅~ (for sth) ability to produce, experience, understand or learn sth 生产﹑体会﹑理解或学习的能力: She has an enormous capacity for hard work. 她有苦干的巨大能力. *6：combination/ ˏkɔmbɪˈneɪʃn; ˏkɑmbəˋneʃən/ n[U] joining or mixing together of two or more things or people; state of being joined ormixed together （两个或两个以上事物或人）结合, 混合, 联合, 组合, 合并, 化合:* The firm is working on a new product in combination with several overseas partners. 公司正在联合几家海外合伙人制造新产品.[C] number of things or people joined or mixed together; mixture; blend 结合到一起的事物或人; 混合物; 联合体: Pink is a combination of red and white. 粉红色是红色与白色的混合色. *7：communicate/ kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt; kəˋmjunəˏket/ v [I, Ipr] ~ (with sb) exchange information, news, ideas, etc 交流情况﹑交换消息﹑交流思想等: The police communicate (with each other) by radio. 警察通过无线电（互相）联络.8：community/ kəˈmjuːnətɪ; kəˋmjunətɪ/ nthe community [sing] the people living in one place, district or country, considered asa whole 社区; 团体; 集体; 社会: work for the good of the community 为集体利益服务* [attrib 作定语] community service社会服务工作com`munity centre place where the people of aneighbourhood can meet for sporting activities, educationclasses, social occasions, etc 社区活动中心.com`munity chest (US) fund for helping local people in financial need 社区福利基金. com`munity home (Brit) centre where young offenders are kept for training, before their release 失足青少年教养所.com`munity singing organized singing in which all present may take part （在场的人都参加的）大合唱.9：compare/ kəmˈpeə(r); kəmˋpɛr/ v[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ A and B; ~ A with/to B examine people or things to see how they arealike and how they are different 比较: Compare (the style of) the two poems. 将这两首诗（的风格）加以比较. * If you compare her work with his/If you compare their work, you'll find hers is much better. 要是把他俩的工作比较一下, 就会发现她的好得多.(idm 习语) compare `notes (with sb) exchange ideas or opinions 交换意见﹑观点﹑看法: We saw the play separately and compared notes afterwards. 我们各自看了那出戏, 後来交换了意见.10：comprehend/ ˏkɔmprɪˈhend; ˏkɑmprɪˋhɛnd/ v [Tn, Tf, Tw] understand (sth) fully 全面理解﹑了解﹑领会（某事物）: I cannot comprehend how you could have been so clever. 我真不明白你怎麽那麽聪明.11：comprehension/ ˏkɔmprɪˈhenʃn; ˏkɑmprɪˋhɛnʃən/ n[U] (power of) understanding 理解（力）: a problem above/beyond sb's comprehension,ie one that he cannot understand 某人不能理解的问题.[U, C] exercise aimed at improving or testing one's understanding of a language (writtenor spoken) 理解力练习（旨在提高或测验某人书面语或口语的理解能力）: a French comprehension 法语理解力练习* [attrib 作定语] a compre`hension test理解力测试. 12：confession/ kənˈfeʃn; kənˋfɛʃən/ n[C, U] statement of one's guilt; confessing 供认; 招供; 承认; 坦白; 交代: to make afull confession of one's crimes对自己所犯罪行供认不讳.[C, U] (in the Roman Catholic Church) formal admission of one's sins to a priest （指天主教）向神父忏悔; 告罪; 告解: The priest will hear confessions in English and French.13：conscience/ ˈkɔnʃəns; ˋkɑnʃəns/ n [C, U] person's awareness of right and wrong with regard to his own thoughts and actions 良心; 是非感: have a clear/guilty conscience, ie feel one has done right/wrong 问心无[有]愧* I must go. It's a matter of conscience, ie I think it would be morally wrong not to go. 我必须去, 这是有关良心的事（不去对不起自己的良心）.14：faculty/ ˈfækltɪ; ˋfækltɪ/ n[C] any of the powers of the body or mind 官能; 才能; 能力: the faculty of sight 视力* the mental faculties, ie the power of reason 智力(a) [C] department or group of related departments in a university, etc （大学的）系, 科,院: the Faculty of Law, Science, etc法律学院﹑理学院. (b) [CGp] all the lecturers, etc in one of these （大学的某系﹑科﹑院的）全体教员15：foresee/ fɔːˈsiː; fɔrˋsi/ v (pt foresaw / fɔːˈsɔː; fɔrˋsɔ/, pp foreseen / fɔːˈsiːn; fɔrˋsin/)[Tn, Tf, Tw] see or know that sth is going to happen in the future; predict 预见; 预知; 预料: The difficulties could not have been foreseen. 这些困难是无法预见的. They could not have foreseen how things would turn out. 他们不可能预知事情的结果.> forseeable / -əbl; -əbl/ adj that can be foreseen 可以预见的: (in) the forseeable future,（在）可预见的将来.16：hostile/ ˈhɔstaɪl; US -tl; ˋhɑstl/ adj ~ (to/towards sb/sth) (a) showing strong dislike or enmity; very unfriendly 显示极厌恶的; 含敌意的; 极不友好的: a hostile crowd, glance, review, reception 怀有敌意的群众﹑一瞥﹑评论﹑接待hostilely adv.17：impose/ ɪmˈpəuz; ɪmˋpoz/ v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (on sb/sth) place (sth unwelcome or unpleasant) on sb/sth; inflict sth 将（不愉快的﹑不受欢迎的事物）强加於某人[某事物]: impose one's rule (on a people) 将统治强加（於一民族）* impose restrictions, limitations, restraints, etc (on trade)（对贸易）强行管制﹑限制﹑约束等.imposition / ˏɪmpəˈzɪʃn; ˏɪmpəˋzɪʃən/ n ~ (on sb/sth) 1 [U] action of imposing 强加;I'd like to stay if it's not too much of an imposition (on you). 要是不给你添太多的麻烦的话, 我倒是愿意留下.18：inspiration/ ˏɪnspəˈreɪʃn; ˏɪnspəˋreʃən/ n [U] ~ (to do sth) stimulation of the mind, feelings, etc to do sth beyond a person's usual ability, esp creative ability in art, literature, music, etc; state or quality of being inspired 灵感:. * Her work shows real inspiration. 她的作品表现出她很有灵感.* (saying 谚) Genius is 10% inspiration and 90% perspiration, ie hard work. 天才是10%的灵感加上90%的勤奋.19：loyalty/ ˈlɔɪəltɪ; ˋlɔɪəltɪ/ n [U] being true and faithful; loyal behaviour 忠诚; 忠诚行为: swear an oath of loyalty to the King 向国王宣誓效忠* Can I count on your loyalty?你对我的忠诚能让我信得过吗?20：mutuality n相互，彼此mutual/ ˈmjuːtʃuəl; ˋmjutʃʊəl/ adj (of a feeling or an action) feltor done by each towards the other （指感想或行为）相互的, 彼此的: mutual affection, suspicion, etc, ie A is fond/suspicious of B, and B is fond/suspicious of A 彼此间的爱﹑猜疑等* mutual aid, assistance, etc相互的援助﹑帮助等.21：occurrence/ əˈkʌrəns; əˋkʌrəns/ n[C] event; incident; happening 事件; 事情; 发生的事: Robbery is now an everydayoccurrence. 抢劫的事现在每天都有. * an sad occurrence不幸事件.[U] (fml 文) fact, frequency, etc of sth happening 事情发生的事实或频繁: He'sstudying the occurrence of accidents on this piece of road, ie how often, etc they take place. 他在研究这段路上发生事故的情形.NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Compare event, occurrence and incident. 试比较event﹑occurrence﹑incident三词.Occurrence is the most neutral and does not indicate a particular type of happening *occurrence为中性词, 并不特指某类型的事: Divorce has become an everyday occurrence. 离婚已成为每天都有的事了.An event is often a happening of importance *event常指重大事件: * The events of 1968 changed Western society. 1968年的事件改变了西方社会.An incident is usually of less importance, often occurring in a narrative *incident通常指不太重要的事情, 经常出现於叙述中: You don't have to write down every little incident in your life. 你不必把生活中每一件事都记录下来. It can also refer to a conflict or disagreement, often involving violence 这个词还可指冲突或不和, 常涉及暴力行动: The kidnapping caused an international incident. 这一绑架事件引起了国际纠纷.22：principal/ ˈprɪnsəpl; ˋprɪnsəpl/ adj [attrib 作定语] first in rank or importance; chief;main 级别最高的; 最重要的; 为首的; 主要的: the principal members of the government 政府高级官员*The principal aim of the policy is to bring peace to the area. 该政策的主要目的是为给这一地区带来和平.> principal n (title of the) person with the highest authority in an organization, esp in certain schools and colleges 某组织的最高领导人（之称号）; （尤指某些学校和学院的）校长, 院长: the Principal of St James' College圣詹姆斯学院院长.NOTE ON USAGE 用法: Note that principle is a noun relating to rules of behaviour 注意: principle是名词, 指行为的规范: She leads her life according to Christian principles. 她以基督教教义作为生活的准则. Principal is a (rather formal) adjective meaning `main' or `most important' *principal是（较文的）形容词, 意为‘主要的’或‘最重要的’: My principal concern is my family's welfare. 我至为关心的是我一家的幸福. * the principal objections to the proposal 对该项建议的主要反对意见. As a noun it is used for the director of certain educational institutions (usually in further education) 该词若用作名词则指某些教育机（通常属继续教育性质）之领导人: The principal and the vice-principal of the college both attended the meeting. 学院的正副院长均出席了会议.23：productivity :/ ˏprɔdʌkˈtɪvətɪ; ˏprɑdʌkˋtɪvətɪ/ n [U]ability to produce (eg goods or crops); state of being productive 生产力; 生产能力; 多产性: The size of the crop depends on the productivity of the soil. 作物的产量取决於土地的肥沃程度.efficiency, esp in industry, measured by comparing the amount produced with the timetaken or the resources used to produce it 生产率, 生产效率（尤指工业的）: They are looking for ways of improving productivity. 他们正在设法提高生产率.24：propaganda/ ˏprɔpəˈgændə; ˏprɑpəˋɡændə/ n [U] (a) publicity that is intended tospread ideas or information which will persuade or convince people （观念的）宣传; （信息的）传播: There has been so much propaganda against smoking that many people have given it up. 反对吸烟的宣传很多, 许多人因而戒了烟.> propagandist / -dɪst; -dɪst/ n (often derog 常作贬义) person who creates or spreads propaganda 宣传者; 鼓吹者: anti-smoking propagandists 宣传戒烟者* political propagandists政治宣传家.propagandize, -ise / -daɪz; -daɪz/ v25：reference/ ˈrefərəns; ˋrɛfərəns/ n~ (to sb/sth) (a) [U] act of referring (refer 1a) to sb/sth 提到; 说到; 涉及: Avoid(making) any reference to his illness. 千万别提起他的病. * The original text is here for ease of reference. 谨附原文以便查考. (b) [C] statement, etc speaking of or mentioning sb/sth; allusion 说到或提到某人[某事物]的言语或文字等; 暗示: He made pointed (ie obvious) references to the recent scandal. 他有针对性地提到最近的丑闻. * The book is full of references to places I know. 这本书里提到许多我熟悉的地方.[C] ~ (to sb/sth)（向读者指示参考书﹑文章等的）附注, 旁注; （做此种用途的）书,章节: * check your references 要核对引证的资料* cite Green 1986 as a reference引用1986年格林的论述作参考资料.[C] (person willing to make a) statement about a person's character or abilities （有关某人品格或能力的）证明文书, 介绍信; 证明人: * provide a reference for sb 为某人出具证明* She has excellent references from former employers. 她持有以前的雇主写的很好的证明书.`reference book 参考书, 工具书（如百科全书或词典）.`reference library (also `reference room) 参考书阅览室（藏书仅供室内参阅, 不外借）.26：reflect/ rɪˈflekt; rɪˋflɛkt/ v[I, Ipr, Tf, Tw no passive 不用於被动语态] ~ (on/upon sth) think deeply about, orremind oneself of, past events; consider 沉思或思忆（往事）; 思考: I need time to reflect (on your offer/on what you offered). 我需要时间来考虑（你的建议[你提出的建议]）.[esp passive 尤用於被动语态: Tn, Tn.pr] (a) ~ sb/sth (in sth) (of a mirror, etc)make a visible image of sb/sth （指镜子等）映出某人[某物]的影像: trees reflected in a window/lake 窗上[湖中]映出的树影* He looked at his face reflected in the mirror. 他照镜子看看脸.27：religion :/ rɪˈlɪdʒən; rɪˋlɪdʒən/ n[U] belief in the existence of a god or gods, who has/have created the universe andgiven man a spiritual nature which continues to exist after the death of the body 宗教信仰.[C] particular system of faith and worship based on such a belief 宗教: the Christian,Buddhist and Hindu religions 基督教﹑佛教和印度教28：respect1/ rɪˈspekt; rɪˋspɛkt/ n[U] ~ (for sb/sth) admiration felt or shown for a person or thing that has goodqualities or achievements; regard 尊敬; 敬重; 钦敬: a mark, token, etc of respect 尊敬的标志﹑表示等* have a deep, sincere, etc respect for sb 深深地﹑由衷地...敬重某人* I have the greatest respect for you/hold you in the greatest respect. 我非常尊敬您. * The new officer soon won/earned the respect of his men. 那新来的军官很快博得了士兵的钦敬.[C] particular aspect or detail 方面; 着眼点: in this one respect 在这一点上* insome/all/many/several/few respects 在某些[各个/许多/几个/极少]方面respect2/ rɪˈspekt; rɪˋspɛkt/ v[Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sb/sth (for sth) admire or have a high opinion of sb/sth (because of sth)（因某事物）尊敬或敬重某人[某事物]: I respect you for your honesty. 由於你为人正直, 我对你十分敬重.[Tn] ~ oneself have proper respect for one's own character and behaviour 自重; 自尊:If you don't respect yourself, how can you expect others to respect you? 自己不自重, 又怎能受到别人尊重呢?respecting prep (fml 文) relating to (sth); concerning 关於, 至於（某事物）: laws respecting property 关於财产的法律* information respecting the child's whereabouts关於那孩子的下落的消息. similar words：regarding、concerning29：respond/ rɪˈspɔnd; rɪˋspɑnd/ v [I, Ipr]~ (to sb/sth) (with sth) give a verbal or written answer （以口头或书面方式）回答:She asked where he'd been, but he didn't respond. 她问他到什麽地方去了, 他却不回答. * She responded to my letter with a phone call. 她收到我的信, 给我回了个电话.~ (to sth) (with sth) act in answer to (sth) or because of the action of another;behave in a similar way （对某事物或对他人的行动）反应, 回应, 响应: He responded with a stupid answer.30：scarcely/ ˈskeəslɪ; ˋskɛrslɪ/ advonly just; hardly 仅仅; 几乎不:. * I scarcely know him. 我不大认识他.surely not 决不: You can scarcely expect me to believe that. 别以为我能相信那件事.31：secure/ sɪˈkjuə(r); sɪˋkjʊr/ adj~ (about sth) not feeling worry, doubt, etc 无忧虑的; 无疑虑的: feel secure aboutone's future 对自己的前途无忧无虑* a secure faith, belief, etc明确的信仰﹑信念.~ (against/from sth) (fml 文) safe; protected 安全的; 受保护的: * Are we securefrom attack here? 我们这里受不到攻击吧?> secure v [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (against/from sth) make sth safe; protect 使某事物安全; 保护: secure a building (from collapse) 保护建筑物（以免倒塌）securely adv. Security, noun32：Similarity noun (plural similarities)[U, sing.] ~ (between A and B) ~ (to sb/sth) ~ (in sth) the state of being like sb/sth but not exactly the same: The report highlights the similarity between the two groups. ◆She bears a striking similarity to her mother. ◆There is some similarity in the way they sing.◆They are both doctors but that is where the similarity ends.[C] ~ (in / of sth)~ (to / with sb/sth) a feature that things or people have that makes them like each other: a study of the similarities and differences between the two countries ◆similarities in / of style ◆The karate bout has many similarities to a boxing match. Antonym: DIFFERENCE, DISSIMILARITY33：specific/ spəˈsɪfɪk; spɪˋsɪfɪk/ adjdetailed, precise and exact 详细而精确的; 确切的: specific instructions 明确的指示*What are your specific aims?你有确切的目标吗?relating to one particular thing, etc; not general 特定的; 具体的: The money is to beused for one specific purpose. 这笔钱有专门用途.specifically / -klɪ; -klɪ/ adv in a specific manner 确切地; 具体地; 特别地: * The houses are specifically designed for old people. 这些房子是专为老年人设计的.34：superficial/ ˏsuːpəˈfɪʃl; also, ˏsjuː-; ˏsupɚˋfɪʃəl/ adjof or on the surface only 表面的; 在表面上的: a superficial wound 表皮的损伤*apparent when looked at quickly or carelessly, but perhaps not real 表面的（乍看起来的, 未必真实）: a superficial similarity表面上的相似.(a) not thorough or profound 肤浅的; 浅薄的: a superficial book, mind 立论肤浅的书﹑浅薄无知的头脑* have only a superficial knowledge of the subject对这个问题仅略知皮毛. (b) (derog 贬) having no depth of character, feeling or commitment （性格﹑感情或承诺方面）缺乏深度的, 停留在表面的: You're too superficial to appreciate great literature like this. 你没有深度, 无法欣赏这类文学巨着.superficiality / n [U]. superficially / -ʃəlɪ; -ʃəlɪ/ adv: 仅仅表面上地35：supreme/ suːˈpriːm; also, sjuː-; suˋprim/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语]highest in authority, rank or degree （权力﹑级别或地位）最高的; 至高无上的: thesupreme ruler of a country 一个国家的最高统治者most important; greatest 最重要的; 最大的: make the supreme sacrifice, eg die forwhat one believes in 做出最大的牺牲（如为信仰而捐躯）supremely / suːˈpriːmlɪ; also, in ɑritish use, sjuː-; suˋprimlɪ/ adv in a supreme way; extremely 至高无上地; 极度地: supremely happy极其快乐.the ,Supreme `Being (fml 文) God 上主; 上帝.the Su,preme `Court the highest court in a state of the US or in the whole of the US （美国各州或联邦）最高法院.36：variation/ ˏveərɪˈeɪʃn; ˏvɛrɪˋeʃən/ n[C, U] ~ (in/of sth) (degree of) varying or being variant 变化, 变动, 变异（的程度）:* Currency exchange rates are always subject to variation. 货币兑换率是经常变的.(a) [U] (biology 生) change in structure or form caused by new conditions,environment, etc 变异; 变种.37：vegetarian/ ˏvedʒɪˈteərɪən; ˏvɛdʒəˋtɛrɪən/ n person who,for humane, religious or health reasons, eats no meat 吃素的人: [attrib 作定语] a vegetarian meal, diet, restaurant素食饭菜﹑食谱﹑餐馆.> vegetarianism / -ɪzəm; -ɪzəm/ n [U] practice or philosophy of being a vegetarian 素食; 素食主义.38：vital/ ˈvaɪtl; ˋvaɪtl/ adj ~ (to/for sth) essential to the existence, success, or operation of sth （对某事物的存在﹑成功或运作）极重要的, 必不可少的: vital information, research 极其重要的信息﹑研究* It is absolutely vital that the matter is kept secret. 这件事要保密, 这是至关重要的.> vitally / ˈvaɪtəlɪ; ˋvaɪtlɪ/ adv extremely 极端地39：welfare/ ˈwelfeə(r); ˋwɛlˏfɛr/ n [U]good health, happiness, prosperity, etc of a person or group （个人或集体的）健康﹑幸福﹑繁荣等: the welfare of the nation 国家的繁荣昌盛* We are concerned about his welfare. 我们关心他的健康.care for the health, safety, etc of a particular group （对某群体的健康﹑安全等的）关心, 照顾, 福利: child/infant welfare儿童[幼儿]福利* [attrib 作定语] a child welfare hospital儿童保健医院.welfare `state (often 常作the ,Welfare `State) (country that has a) system of ensuring the welfare of its citizens by means of social services (eg pensions, family allowances, free medical care, etc) provided by the State 福利国家, 福利制度（如政府向公民提供养老金﹑家庭津贴﹑公费医疗等）.welfare work (a) organized efforts to ensure the welfare of a group of people (eg employees in a factory, the poor, the disabled, etc) 福利工作（如为工厂职工﹑穷人﹑伤残人士等服务的）. (b) (US) social work 社会福利工作. `welfare worker.。
九年级unit9单词讲解
• According to sth / doing 根据……. • According to the age , they will be divided into three groups . • 根据年龄，他们将会被划分成三组。
8. according to 根据
• 9. bush n . 灌木丛 • There are many bushes beside the house
• 25.towards prep. 朝着，向着 • eg:She was walking towards the town when I met her. • The house faces towards the south. • forwards(朝前) backwards(朝后) • upwards(朝上) downwards(朝下)
21.knock 敲击 (1) knock at/on 敲(门)… (2) knock into 与…相撞 The truck knocked into the wall at night. 22.divide 分开，划分 eg:The English channel divides England from France.
• raise 及物动词(raise后面要加宾语 ).raise一般是人为地让事物升高,例 如举起胳膊,提高薪水等. • He was asked to raise his arms over the head . • 他被要求把手举过头顶。 • The boss never wanted raised wages for us . • 老板从来就没曾想给我们涨过工 资。
notice .n.留心、观察（不） 通知， 布告（可） eg:I noticed a notice on the gate saying “No Parking”. • We have received the notice of typhoon . • 我们接到了台风的通知。
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policy n.政策，方针；保险单policyholder n.保险单持有人insurabce policy保险单P192function ing n.运行，运作；功能；机能；起酌（function的动名词）function n.作用，功能；宴会；函数；子例程 v.运转function al adj.职能的；工作的functio nality n.实用P192*quota n.配额；定额；限额quota tion n.语录；引用；估价；行情quota ble adj.值得引用的P193volunt ary adj.自愿的；志愿的；自发的；故意的volunt arily adv.自愿地volunt eer n.志愿者P193*specific tariffs从量关税 ；从量税P193fraction n.[数]分数；部分；小部分；稍微fraction al adj.微不足道的；小数的fraction ally adv.很少-ion=-ation 表名词P193particular adj.特别的；详细的；独有的；挑剔的particular ity n.独特性；准确particular ize v.详细说明particular ly adv,尤其P193industrial adj.工业的，产业的；从事工业的；供工业用的；来自勤劳的industrial ism n.产业主义industrial ize v.使工业化industrial is t n.工业家-al 表形容词，“…的”P193*nontariff barriers[税收] 非关税壁垒P193 export restraints出口限制P194 general equilibrium[经管] 一般均衡P194keenly adv.敏锐地；强烈地；锐利地keen adj.热心的；激烈的；锐利的v.渴望，哀嚎-ly,表副词P194*repercussions n.反响，影响（repercussion的复数形式）haverepercussions for对...有负面影响P194reasonably adv.合理地；相当地；适度地reasonable adj.合理的，明智的；公道的；不太贵的-ly,表副词P194analysis n.分析；分解；验定analyse v.分析P194 consume vt.消耗，消费；使…著迷；挥霍consumption n.消耗量P194norma lly adv.正常地；通常地，一般地normal adj.正常的；通常 abnormaladj.不正常的，非比寻常的-ly,表副词P194currency n.货币；通货P194derived adj.导出的；衍生的，派生的derivative n.派生物adj.缺乏独创性的P195underlying adj.潜在的；根本的；在下面的；优先的P195shippers n.托运人；运货商（shipper的复数P195prevailvi.盛行，流行；战胜，获胜prevail ing adj.流行的，普遍的；盛行的preval ent adj.流行的prevail on/upon sbto do sth 劝说P196*valoremadv.（拉）按价，按照价格；按…计税P196n.[数] 比例项proportion n.比例proportionallyadv.按比例地adj.比例的，成比例的；相称的，均衡的-al 表形容词，“…的”vt.计算；预测；认为；打算calculator n.计算器calculation n.计算-ate 表动词，“做，使”vi.计算；以为；作打算 n.象征；有意义的事物significanc e n.重要性significantly adv.重要地adj.重大的；有效的；有意义的；值得注意的；意味深长的n.装配；[计] 汇编assembly n.装配；集会，集合assembly language 汇编语言assembly room 礼堂v.装配（assemble的ing形式）；聚集adj.装配的；组合的adj.精心制作的；详尽的；煞费苦心的vi.详细描述；变复杂elaboration n.elaborately adv.elaborateness n.-ate 表动词，“做，使”vt.精心制作；详细阐述；从简单成分合成（复杂有机物） n.蒲式耳bushels of sth 大量，许多vt.修整（衣服等）bushelP196P196P196calculate*proportionalsignificantP197P197*P197assemblingelaboraten.剩余；[贸易] 顺差；盈余；过剩surplus torequirements 不需要adj.剩余的；过剩的analog ous adj.类似的；[昆] 同功的；可比拟的analog y n.类比，比喻；类推analog ueadj.模拟的n. 相似物P198Geometry n几何学geometric adj.几何学的geometric mean 几何平均；等比中数P198indicate vt指出；表明；象征；预示indication n.暗示，表明-ate 表动词，“做，使”P198*accrue v.自然增长或利益增加；产生；积累；获得P198n.奢侈，奢华；奢侈品luxuri ous adj.十分舒适的，奢侈的luxuri ously adv.豪华舒适adj.奢侈的adj.富裕的；丰富的；流畅的 n支流；富人*ambiguity n.含糊；不明确；暧昧ambiguious adj.含糊不清的unambiguious adj.清楚的P198distorts v.扭曲；使失真；曲解；扭曲；变形distortion n.P199interpret v.说明；口译; 解释；翻译interpretat ion n.理解，说明；演绎interpretat ive adj.理解的interpret er n.口译员P199efficiency loss效率损失P199*retaliate v.报复；回敬； 报复retallate v.报复，复仇retallatoryn.复仇行动retailation n.报复-ate 表动词，“做，使”P199fiendishly adv.极坏地；不平凡；不简单；恶魔似地fiend ish adj.残忍的；巧妙复杂的fiend n.残忍的人；魔鬼；爱好者P199surplusluxury affluent P197*P198P198n.大厅；休息室；会客室；游说议员的团体lobby n.大厅；游说lobbist n.政治说客vt.对……进行游说vi.游说议员n.长钉，道钉spik ed adj.带钉的spike sb's guns 打扰对手的计划vt.以大钉钉牢；用尖物刺穿；阻止spik y adj.带刺的spike heel 细高跟鞋export subsidy[贸易] 出口补贴P199*ad valorem （拉）从价；（拉）[税收] 按价P200Belgium n.比利时P200budgetary adj.预算的budget n.预算P200allocatev.分配；拨出；使坐落于；分配；指定allocation n.分配-ate 表动词，“做，使”P200notablyadv.显著地；尤其P200misconceptionn.误解；错误想法；错觉conception n.P200agriculture policy 农业政策P200dispose vt.处理；处置；安排disposed adj.l乐意；对...有好感dispose ofsb/sth 清除某人或某物P200rein in 控制；放慢；止住P201consequence n.结果；重要性；推论P201taxpayer n.纳税人；所收租金只够支付地产税的建筑物‘-er ,名词 表人P201politician n.政治家，政客policy n.政策，保险单P201payments n.支付；付款（payment的复数形式）；薪资；惩罚P202maximum n.[数] 极大，最大限度；最大量P202exceed vt. 超过；胜过exceedingly adv.极其，非常P202plus n.正号，加号；好处；附加额P202bid vt.投标；出价；表示；吩咐bid der n.出价者；投标者bid ding n.出价；投标；请求；叫牌P202resellvt.转售；转卖；再卖sell v.销售P202P199P199lobbiedspikeguarantee n.保证；担保；保证人；保证书；抵押品guarantor n.保证人P203*capita n.头数（尤指牲口）P203 voter n.选举人，投票人；有投票权者vote v.投票‘-er ,名词 表人P203unaware adj.不知道的，无意的；未察觉到的aware adi.知道的be aware of 知道，了解P203mobilize vt.动员，调动；集合，组织；使…流通；使…松动mobility n.流动能力；移动的能力mobile adj.流动的P204opponent n.对手；反对者；敌手opponent of sth...的反对者P204confection ery n.糕点糖果；糖果店confection n.甜点；精工制作的物品confection er n.甜食商，甜食业P204escalate vi.逐步增强；逐步升高escalation n.恶化P204astronom ical adj.天文的，天文学的；极大的astronom y n.天文学astromo er n.天文学家-al 表形容词，“…的”P204textile n.纺织品，织物P205*bulk n.体积，容量；大多数，大部分；大块bulk sth out/up使某物加大P205tran sfer n.转让；转移；传递；过户tran smisson n.传动系统tran sshipmentn.转运；转载P205emphasize vt.强调，着重emphasis n.重要性；强调emphaticadj.强调的P206*Multi-FiberArrangement多纤维协定P206 abbreviation n.缩写；缩写词abbreviate v.缩写P206 temporary adj. 暂时的，临时的temporarily 临时地P207 gasoline n.汽油P207 abruptly adv.突然地；唐突地abrupt adj.突然P208 soared v.飙升（soar的过去分词）；骤然上升soaraway adj.巨大的，迅速获得的P208 unilateral adj.单边的；[植] 单侧的；单方面的；单边音；（父母）单系的-al 表形容词，“…的”P208 Protectionist n.贸易保护主义者protect v. protection n.P209 upgrading v.升级；提高品位（upgrade的现在分词）P209innovation n.创新，革新；新方法innovate v.创新P209loophole n.漏洞；枪眼；换气孔；射弹孔loop n.环形；圈；回路；环线 v.使成环P209portation n.出口P209author ities n.当局，官方（authority的复数）authori zation n.批准，授权authori ze v.批准，授权P210scheme n.计划；组合；体制；诡计schemer n.施诡计的人 scheming adj.诡计多端的P210ferment n.发酵；酵素；动乱fermentation n.P210 ethanol n.[有化] 乙醇，[有化] 酒精P210 *profit maximization利润极大化；最高利润P211。