高中定语从句讲解与练习(附答案)
定语从句专项讲解与练习
1、定语从句在句中修饰某个名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句需用下列关联词：关系代词和关系副词。它们起连词作用，本身做从句的主语、宾语、表语或定语，本身在从句中作时间、地点或原因状语。主要有who, whom, that, whose, which, as, when, where, why。PS:what不能引导定语从句. 指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that. 指物的关系代词有which、whose(=of which)、that.
The old man who/whom /that we visited yesterday is a famous artist.
Miss Wang is taking care of the child whose parents have gone to Beijing .
The man with whom my father shook hands just now is our headmaster. （=The man who/whom/ that my father shook hands with just now is our headmaster.）
I like the books which / that were written by Lu Xun.
The desks (which/that) we made last year were very good.
This is the house in which we lived last year. (= This is the house which /that we lived in last year.)
I live in the room whose windows face south. (= I live in the room ,the windows of which face south.)
2、掌握以上关系代词、关系副词的含义及使用时，要特别注意以下几点：
1）指人时宜用who 的情况：
a. 当先行词是one, ones, anyone 或those , these 时，关系代词用who。
The comrade I want to learn from is the one who studies hard and works hard.
Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.
Anyone who goes there will be punished.
These who are going to Beijing are the best students of our school.
b. 在there be 开头的句子中。
There’s a beautiful girl who came to see you this morning.
There is a student who wants to see you.
c. 先行词后有一个较长的定语。
I met a foreigner in the city last week who could speak Chinese well.
d. 一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。The student that won the first prize is the monitor who works hards.
e. 在非限定性定语从句中。
She has a brother, who worked at that factory ten years ago.
2) 指物时宜用that 的情况：
a. 当先行词为all, none, much, little, few, something, anything, everything, nothing 等不定代词时。
All that can be done has been done.
b. 当先行词既指人又指物时。
He spoke of the men and the thing (that) he had seen abroad.
c. 当先行词是疑问词who, what, which 时或者句子以疑问词who , what , which 打头时。
Who that has such a home doesn’t love it?
d. 先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或者当先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。
This is one of the best films that I have ever seen.
This is the best that can be done now.
e. 当先行词被the very, the only, the last, the same , just, one of , any, every , few , little , no , all , one of 等修饰时。
This is one of the very book that I am looking for.
f. 关系代词在从句中作表语。
Mary is no longer the girl that she used to be.
3) 只能用which 不能用that 的情况。
a. 引导非限定性定语从句修饰某物或整个句子。
Bruce went towards the fire, which was still smoking.
Tom came back late, which made his parents very angry.
b. 关系代词作介词的宾语。This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived.
c. that，those作主语时
Those which are on the desk are English books.
4) 关系代词as 和which都能引导非限定性定语从句代表整个句子的内容，as 引导的从句可位于句首或句末，which引导的定语从句则不能位于句首。
Which you know, he is a good man. (×)
As you know, he is a good man. (√)
5)关系副词when, where, why其含义相当于on which, in which , for which等，可以互换：
The day when /on which I met him first was May 1st.
I don’t know the reason why /for which he didn’t come.
6)whose指物时，可以与of which等结构互换，但应注意与冠词的位置关系：
This is the book the cover of which / of which the cover / whose cover is blue.
7)有时可用that代替关系副词。在口语中常省略。
This is the reason (why / for which / that) he came late.
8)先行词是专有名词、整个句子或世界上独一无二的物质名词时，一般用非限定性定语从句修饰。The sun, which gives us light and heat, is very big.
9)在先行词和定语从句之间有无逗号有时会引起名义的变化：
He said nothing that made her angry. 他没说使她生气的话。
He said nothing, which made her angry. 他一言不发，这使她很生气。
10)部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。Is this the book which she is looking for?
The old man who/whom they are waiting for is Professor Li.
The child who/whom she is looking after is Wang Ping’s son.
11) 先行词前有such、the same、as时, 关系代词用as，不用that, 但the same…as…表示同样的, the same…that…表示同一的。
He knows as many people as are present at the meeting.
Such people as you refer to are rare nowadays.
3、定语从句与强调结构
It is the place where they lived before.
It is in the place that they lived before.
第一个句子为定语从句，where指代the place，在定语从句中作状语，第二个句子为强调结构，强调in the place, that没有意义，把放回后面句子，句子意思完整。
Where is it that he found the lost watch? (强调句型，强调疑问副词where.)
Where is the watch he found yesterday? (定语从句，that指代the watch.)
4、定语从句中的先行词
Is this book the one that you bought yesterday?
Is this the book that you bought yesterday?
第一个句子中，this book是主句的主语，the one是先行词。在第二个句子中this是主句的主语，the book 是先行词。一定要避免出现：Is this book that you bought yesterday?
5、定语从句与同位语从句
定语从句相当于形容词，它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用，而同位语从句则相当于名词，对其前面的词给予说明或作进一步解释，即说明该词所表示的具体内容。例如：
The news that we heard is not true. (定语从句)
The news that he won the prize is not true. （同位语从句）
另: 在“have no idea ＋从句”结构中，其从句都作idea的同位语。例如：
I have no idea when she will be back.
6. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别：
All the students who study hard have passed.
学习努力的学生都考试及格了。(只有努力的及格了，不努力的没及格。)
All the students ,who study hard have passed.
所有的学生都及格了，他们学习努力。（没有人不及格，这些学生都很努力。）
在限制性定语从句中，从句是先行词不可缺少的定语（如去掉，主句意思就不完整或不正确。）从句与主句关系密切，不用逗号。译为汉语时，从句译在先行词前，与先行词用“的”连接。
在非限制性定语从句中，从句是对先行词的附加说明（如去掉，主句意思仍清楚，不受影响。）从句与主句关系不十分密切，用逗号与主句隔开。译为汉语时，从句放在主句后面。
7. As 和which的辨析关系。
○1.This elephant is like a snake, as /which everybody can see. =As everybody can see, this elephant is like a snake. 任何人都看得出来，这头象像条蛇。
○2.Tom didn’t pass the physics exam, which made his parents very angry.
Tom物理考试不及格，这使得他父亲很生气。
这两个例句中，as和which所代表的都是整个主句所表示的内容。但有两点不同之处：
a．在形式上as引导的非限制性定语从句可位于主句的后面，也可位于主句的前面；而which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句的后面，不能位于主句的前面。
b．在意义上，as引导的定语从句和主句的关系一般为一致关系，常译为“正如……”，“就像……”，而which引导的定语从句和主句的关系是因果关系，或which引导的定语从句是对主句的评论。因此，在意思通顺的情况下，which可代替as，而as许多时候不能代替which，如句○2。
【当从句和主句语义一致时，用as，反之则用which。
She has married again, as was expected. She has married again, which was unexpected.】
再如：
1)He was late again, as / which we had expected. =As we had expected, he was late again.
正如我们所料，他又迟到了。/他又迟到了这是我们早就料到的。
2)The street hasn’t been cleared for weeks, which makes it very dirty.
街道好多星期没有打扫了，因此整条街很脏。（不用as）
3)The young man cheated his friend of much money, which was disgraceful.
那年轻人诈骗了他朋友许多钱财，这是不光彩的。（不用as）
4)He takes exercise everyday, which has done a lot of good to his health.
他每天运动，这对他的身体很有好处。（不用as）
5)As has already been pointed out, English is rather difficult for a foreigner.
正如已经指出的那样，英语对于初学者说，是相当难学的。
c . as在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的被动语态，如be known，be said，be reported等，如从句中行为动词是主动语态，一般要用which作主语。
She has been late again, as was expected.
Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.
d. 在such…as…、the same…as…、as…、as many…/much as…等结构中,as不能用which代替。
1)Such books as this are too difficult for beginners. 这样的书对于初学的人来说是太难了。
=Books such as this are …
=Books like this are …
2)I live in the same building as he (does). 我和他住再同一座大楼里。
3)He knows as many people as are present at the meeting. 他认识所有到会的人。
4)That day we all got up early as usual. 那天我们和平时一样，都起得很早。
“One of the +复数名词”后面定语从句中谓语单复数情况
8. “One of the +复数名词”后面定语从句中谓语动词通常用复数形式，跟定语从句所靠近的那个复数名词在数上保持一致。如：
1）That is one of the books that are required for study at school.
2）This is one of the most wonderful novels that have been published since 1990.
3）She is one of the few persons who know Spanish .
4）This is one of the most famous plays that were written in the thirties,
如果one of +复数名词这一结构前面带有the only、the very之类的限定语，后面定语从句的谓语动词则要用单数形式，这是因为定语从句在意义上修饰的是one而不是那个复数名词。如：
1)He is the only one of the teachers who knows French in our school.( 修饰the only one)
He is one of the teachers who know French in our school.( 修饰the teachers)
2)This is the only one of the rooms that is free now. (修饰the only one)
This is one of the rooms that are free now. (修饰rooms)
9. 由关系副词when, where, why 所引导的定语从句。
a. when 在从句中作时间状语, 其先行词多为表示时间概念的名词。
We can never forget the day when HongKong returned to our homeland.
我们永远也不会忘记香港回归祖国的那一天。
b. where 在从句中作地点状语, 其先行词多为表示地点概念的名词。
The building w here you used to live has been pulled down.
你过去住的楼房已经被拆除了。
c.why 在从句中作原因状语, 其先行词多为表示原因概念的名词。
We know the reason why he was very angry.
我们知道他为什么那么生气。
This is the day when I joined the party/which he spent reading the books/which I still never forget.
This is the place which we once visited/which I will never forget/which I am looking for/where I found the book.
PS：关系代词与关系副词之间并非毫无关联，两者之间存在密切的联系。
1). 很多情况下关系副词用“介词＋which/whom”来代替，其中的介词由先行词或定语从句中谓语动
词的形式来决定，例如：
The day when I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
= The day on which I met the famous pop star was the greatest day of my life.
见到这位著名歌星的那天是我一生中最重要的日子。
I shall never forget those years when I lived with her.
= I shall never forget those years during which I lived with her.
我将永远不会忘记我跟她生活的那些岁月。
This is a hall where the medical conference will be held.
= This is a hall in which the medical conference will be held. 这是礼堂，医学会议将在此召开。2). 并非先行词表示时间或地点时都分别用when或where来引导相应的定语从句，若关系词在修饰表示时间或地点的先行词的定语从句中充当主语、宾语等而不是状语时，需用which或that引导相应的定语从句。
例如：Do you still remember the days which/that we spent together in school? 你还记得我们一起在学校度过的那些日子吗？先行词the days表时间，但是其定语从句的引导词在定语从句中作宾语而不是状语，因此不能用when而应该用which或that。
3). that有时可以代替定语从句中的关系副词when，where，why，且that常可以省略。
例如：This is the time （when/that）he arrived. 这是他到达的时间。
定语从句专项练习。
1、The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp.
A．which B．with C．with it D．with which
2、The brave man, the tiger was shot, is a good hunter.
A．of whom B．by that C．by whom D．by which
3、The clever boy made a hole in the wall, he could see what it was going on inside the house.
A．on which B．at which C．through which D．in which
4、The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers.
A．in which B．worn by C．through which D．on which
5、During the days , he worked as a servant at the Browns’.
A．that followed B．to follow
C．following D．followed
6、You may take anything useful .
A．which you want B．you want them
C．what you want D．you want
7、My hometown is no longer the same it used to be.
A．like B．that C．as D．which
8、The old woman has two sons, one is a teacher.
A．of who B．of whom C．of which D．of them
9、You can take any seat is free.
A．in which B．that C．where D．which
10、Is there anything to you?
A．that belong B．which belongs
C．that belongs D．that is belonged
11、We hope to get such a tool he is using.
A．where B．that C．as D．which
12、Finally came the day he had to begin his study for the next term.
A．till B．that C．since D．which
13、She hasn’t got enough money she buys the rings.
A．for which B．with which C．that D．which
14、I’ve read all the books were borrowed from the library.
A．they B．which C．/ D．that
15、This is the best hotel in the city I know.
A．it B．where C．that D．which
16、Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn?
A．it B．which C．/ D．that
17、The Second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945.
A．on which B．where C．in that D．during which
18、The train she was traveling was late
A．on that B．for which C．on which D．which
19、Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long.
A．on which B．that C．when D．where
20、I’ll show you a store you may buy all you need.
A．that, that B．which, that C．where, which D．in which, /
21、I still remember the day she first wore that pink dress.
A．on which B．on that C．in which D．which
22、Do you know the reason she got so angry yesterday ?
A．why B．which C．for that D．for why
23、Is some German friends visited last week ?
A．this school where B．this school one
C．this the school D．this school
24、Is there any one in your class family is in the city.
A．whose B．which C．who’s D．who
25、Can you lend me the book the other day ?
A．which you talked B．that you talked C．about that you talked D．you talked about 26、This is one of the best films this year.
A．which has been shown B．that have been shown
C．that have shown D．have been shown
27、Do you know the man ?
A．that I spoke B．I spoke to C．to who I spoke D．whom I spoke
28、There are two thousand students in our school, are girls.
A．two-thirds in which B．two-thirds in them
C．two-thirds of them D．of whom two thirds
29、I have bought two ball-pens, writes well.
A．neither of them B．none of them
C．neither of which D．none of which
30、He built a telescope he could study the skies.
A．by it B．through which C．with that D．in which
31、Do you know the reason he was late?
A．for which B．for what C．which D．that
32、has been said above, grammar is a set of dead rules.
A．As B．That C．What D．Which
33、John got beaten in the game, had been expected.
A．who B．what C．that D．as
34、They’re invented me to their party, is kind of them.
A．this B．that C．which D．as
35、Crusoe’s dog became ill and died, made him very lonely.
A．this B．that C．which D．as
36、There isn’t so much noise in the country in big cities.
A．as B．where C．which D．that
37、I often thought of my childhood, I lived on a farm.
A．who B．when C．where D．which
38、Next month, you’ll be in your hometown, is comin g.
A．where B．when C．that D．which
39、The next thing must be done is to make a plan.
A．which B．that C．when D．/
40、He talked happily about the men and books interested him greatly in the school.
A．that B．when C．who D．which
Ⅱ、Fill in the blanks：
1、This is the professor taught me chemistry in 1980 .
2、The hospital was built five years ago has been modernized.
3、This is the boy father died three years ago.
4、The film we saw the day before yesterday is very interesting.
5、Do you know the student was praised at the meeting?
6、1949 is the year the People’s Republic of China was founded.
7、They work in a factory makes radio parts.
8、They work in a factory radio parts are made.
9、This is the vision phone through we can see and talk to our friends.
10、Here are players from Japan, some of are our old friends.
11、She lives in a small village, is only three miles from here.
12、She is going to spend the summer holidays in Shanghai, she has some friends.
13、W e’ll put off the meeting till next week, we won’t be so busy.
14、The sun gives the earth light and heat, is very important to the living things.
15、Those want to go to the computer room write your names here.
16、He was often late, made his teacher very angry.
17、Who is the person is standing at the gate?
18、He talked about the teachers and schools he had visited.
Ⅲ、Correct the mistakes in the following sentences if there are any:
1、He told us about the countries where he had visited.
2、Egypt is a country where is famous for its pyramids.
3、China is the country where he spent the best part of his life.
4、The days when we spent together cannot be easily forgotten.
5、The house stands at the place that the two roads meet.
6、We shall visit the college where his father teaches there.
7、I know the reason that she looks so worried.
8、He left me the book, that is very useful for me.
9、This is the room which food is kept.
10、April 15, 1976 is the day when we’ll never forget.
11、The man came yesterday is our English teacher.
12、The students are playing football on the playground are of Class Two .
13、This is all which I can do for you.
14、Can you think of anyone who’s house was here?
15、The watch that Mother bought it for me works very well.
16、This is the only book that were borrowed from the library.
17、The day which she had to leave arrived at last.
18、The doctor whom they want to see have come.
19、Do you know the young man whom has been chosen chairman?
20、The park stands at the place that the two rivers meet.
21、A plane is a machine can fly.
22、It is one of the best pictures which have been sold.
23、Those that want to go put up your hands.
24、This is the knife with that the doctor did the operation.
25、Who is the man whom you said hello just now?
【定语从句专项练习参考答案】:
Ⅰ、1、D 2、C 3、C 4、A 5、A
6、D
7、C
8、B
9、D 10、C
11、C 12、B 13、B 14、D 15、C
16、D 17、D 18、C 19、C 20、D
21、A 22、A 23、C 24、A 25、D
26、B 27、B 28、D 29、C 30、B
31、A 32、A 33、D 34、C 35、C
36、A 37、B 38、B 39、B 40、A
Ⅱ、1、who / that 2、which / that 3、whose 4、which / that
5、who / that
6、when
7、which / that
8、where
9、which 10、whom 11、which 12、where
13、when 14、which 15、who 16、which
17、that 18、that
Ⅲ、1、where—that 2、where—which 3、√
4、when—that / which
5、that—where
6、去掉there
7、that—why 8、that—which 9、which—where
10、when—which / that 11、man后面加who 12、students后面加who
13、which—that 14、who’s—whose 15、去掉it
16、were—was 17、which—when 18、have—has
19、whom—who 20、that—where
21、machine后面加which / that 22、which—that
23、that—who 24、that—which 25、whom—that
高中英语复习专题：定语从句(含知识要点,典型例题和解析)
高中英语复习专题：定语从句 一．概述 She is the girl who likes singing . 她是个喜欢唱歌的女孩。 ↓ ↓ ↘ 先行词 引导词 定语从句 定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰主句中的一个名词或代词，通常出现在先行词之后，由引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。只作整个句子的一个成份，起修饰和说明的作用。 关系代词：在从句中可作主语、宾语或定语 关系副词：在从句中作地点、时间或原因状语 结构： 主句的先行词 + 引导词（关系代词或关系副词）引导的定语从句 ↓ ↓ 二. 关系代词who, whom, whose, that, which, as 的基本用法 1. who ：在从句中作主语，只可指人 ①The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。（作主语） ②Anyone who breaks the law should be punished.任何犯法的人都应受到惩罚。（作主语） 2. whom：who的宾格，在从句中作宾语，只可指人 ①Who is the teacher whom Li Ming is talking to？正在与李明谈话的老师是谁？ ②The professor whom you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 3. whose：属格，在从句中作定语，可指人或物。 ①Who is the girl whose father is a doctor? 父亲是医生的那个女孩是谁？ ②I want the book whose cover is red. 我要封面是红色的那本书。 ③I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 【★】指人/物时，常用下列结构来代替whose+n.= the+n.+of which/ the+n.+of whom 或of which+the+n./ of whom+the+n. ①她就是我们班上发音最好的学生。 She is the student whose pronunciation is the best in our class. the pronunciation of whom is the best in our class. of whom the pronunciation is the best in our class. ②你看到窗户破了的房子吗？ Do you notice the house whose window is broken? the window of which is broken? of which the window is broken? 4. that：作主语、★宾语（可省略），可指人或物 ①Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。（that作主语） ②China is not the country that she used to be.中国已经不是过去的中国了。(that作主语) ③The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。（that作宾语可省略） 5. which：作主语、★宾语（可省略），指物 ①Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。（作主语） ②The film （which）we saw last night was wonderful. 我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。（作宾语） ③This is the pen (which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。（作宾语）
高中定语从句详细讲解讲课教案
高中定语从句详细讲 解
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as 等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。
高中英语语法定语从句总结全
高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。 关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。 常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语） 可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ 可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、 Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、 Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、 定语从句三步： 第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very
(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高中英语定语从句知识点难点与考点解析
高中英语语法重点难点回顾――定语从句 用来说明主句中某一名词或代词（有时也可说明整个主句或主句中一部分）而起定语作用的句子叫作定语从句。 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1. 关系代词用来指代先行词是人或物的名词或代词 句子成分用于限制从句或非限制性从句只用于限制性从句 代替人代替物代替人或物 主语Who which that 主语Whom which that 宾语Whose(=of whom) whose(=of which) 例1：This is the detective who came from London. 例2：The book which I am reading is written by Tomas Hardy. 例3：The desk whose leg is broken is very old. 例4：This is the room that Shakespeare was born in. 2．关系代词的用法 (1) 如果先行词是all, much, anything, something, nothing, everything, little, none等不定代词，关系代词一般只用that，不用which。例如： All the people that are present burst into tears. (2) 如果先等词被形容词最高级以及first, last, any, only, few, mush, no, some, very等词修饰，关系代词常用that,不用which, who，或whom。例如： (3) 非限制性定语从句中，不能用关系代词that,作宾语用的关系代词也不能省略。例如： There are about seven million people taking part in the election, most of whom are well educated. (4) which还有一种特殊用法，它可以引导从句修饰前面的整个主句，代替主句所表示的整体概念或部分概念。在这种从句中，which可以作主语，也可以作宾语或表语，多数情况下意思是与and this 相似，并可以指人。例如：He succeeded in the competition, which made his parents very happy. (5) that可指人或物，在从句中作表语，（指人作主语时多用who）仅用于限制性定语从句中。 (6) which可作表语，既可指人，以可指物。指人时，一般指从事某种职业或是有种特征．品性或才能的人。Which 引导的定语从句可以限制性的，也可以是非限制性的。 (7) 如果作先作词的集体名词着眼于集体的整体，关系代词用which;若是指集体中的各个成员，则用who。 (8) 先行词有两个，一个指人，一个指物，关系代词应该用that。例如： The boy and the dog that are in the picture are very lovely. (9) 如果先行词是anyone, anybody, everyone, everybody, someone, somebody,关系代词应该用who 或whom，不用which。例如：Is there anyone here who will go with you? 3．“介词＋关系代词“是一个普遍使用的结构
(完整word)高中定语从句全面详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解 一:定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。 例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中， who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二:限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句 限制性定语从句 形式上：不用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：是先行词不可缺少的定语，如删除，主句则失去意义或意思表达不完整。 译法上：译成先行词的定语：“．．．的” 关系词的使用上：A．作宾语时可省略B．可用that C．可用who 代替whom 非限制性定语从句 形式上：用逗号“，”与主句隔开。 意义上：只是对先行词的补充说明，如删除，主句仍能表达完整的意思。 译法上：通常译成主句的并列句。 关系词的使用上：A．不可省略B．不用that C．不可用who 代替whom 限制性定语从句举例：The teacher told me that Tom was the only person that I could depend on. 老师告诉我说汤姆是我唯一的可以依靠的人。 非限制性定语从句举例： His mother, who loves him very much, is strict with him. 他妈妈十分地爱他，对他要求很严格。 三:关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。 That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ The person that /whom you introduced to me is very kind. 你介绍给我的那个人很友好。 5．Whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 He has a friend whose father is a doctor. 他有一个爸爸当医生的朋友。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： The classroom whose door is broken will soon be repaired.
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版完整版
高一英语定语从句讲解 精华版 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
定语从句 一、基本概念：定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week
（二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born (三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts.
高一英语定语从句讲解精华版
定语从句 一、基本概念： 定语： 定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词 关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当： 关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当： 先行词： 定语从句中引关系词的作用： 二、关系词的用法： （一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born
(三) 使用关系副词应注意下列几点： 1．这三个关系副词在意义上都相当于一定的介词+which结构： when = on (in, at, during…) + which; where = in (at, on…) + which; why = for which. 如： I was in Beijing on the day when (=on which) he arrived. The office where (=in which) he works is on the third floor. This is the chief reason why (=for which) we did it. 2．当先行词是表时间的time, day等和表地点的place, house等时，一定要注意分析从句的结构，如果缺少主语或宾语时，关系词应该用which或that, 缺少时间状语或地点状语时，才能用when或where，试比较： I’ll never forget the day _________ my hometown was liberated. I’ll never forget the days____________we spent together last summer. His father works in a factory____________radio parts are made. His father works in a factory______________makes radio parts. 三．限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句 1．限制性定语从句 This is the telegram which he refers to. Is there anything (that) I can do for you 2．非限制性定语从句 This note was left by Tom, who was here a moment ago. As a boy, he was always making things, most of which were electric.
(新)高中定语从句要点讲解
定语从句三部曲 1. 找出先行词； 2. 确定先行词在从句中的成分：主语，宾语， 状语； 3. 选择正确的关系词。 几个关系代词的基本用法 that that: 可指人或物；可作主语，宾语。 指人时，相当于who或whom； 指物时，相当于which A letter ________ is written in pencil is difficult to read. Do you know the gentleman _________spoke just now? What is the question ________they are talking about? Here is the man ______________you want to see. 只能用that 不能用which的情况 1.先行词为不定代词时：all, much, everything, anything, nothing, something, none, the one. 2.先行词被only, any, few, little, no, just, very, one of等修饰时； 3.先行词是序数词时或被序数词修饰时； 4.先行词是最高级或被最高级修饰时； 5.先行词既有人又有物时； 6.先行词是数次时；(two, ten, a hundred) 7.如果有两个从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ,另一个关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 8.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复； 9.主句是There be 结构，修饰其主句的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词； 10.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时,该关系代词宜用that。(主语+be+n. /adj.; 主语+系动词+adj.) 即学即用 1. The writer and his novel ____ you have just talked about is really well known . 2. The most important thing ____ should be done right now is how to stop him from going on. 3. The last place ____ we visited was the chemical works. 4. There's nothing ____ can be said about it . 5. This is the third film ____ has been shown in our school this term. 1. Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water. Now you can see the two ____are still alive.
高中定语从句详细讲解
高中定语从句详细讲解 （一）定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。 关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 刘先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 李明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. 3．Which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。 Football is a game which is liked by most boys. 足球是大多数男孩所喜欢的运动。 The factory which makes computers is far away from here. 制造计算机的那家公司离这儿很远。 He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers. 他喜欢外国作家写的书。 The house which is by the lake looks nice. 湖边的那幢房子看上去很漂亮。 This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. 这是他昨天买的钢笔。 The film ( which ) they went to see last night was not interesting at all. 他们昨晚看的电影一点意思也没有。 4．That 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。 The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. 每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。 Where is the man that / whom I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？
(完整版)定语从句超详细讲解
定语从句 一学习目标 1.熟练掌握定语从句 二考点解析 ⊙定从的功能—解释说明 This is the factory that/which can produce such machines 这就是能制造这种机器的工厂This is the factory that/which we visited last week 这就是我们上周参观的工厂 ⊙定语从句 定义：一个简单句跟在名词或代词后（先行词）进行修饰限定，就叫做定语从句。这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。 I bought a cow that looked like a horse. ⊙定语从句怎么考？ 语法 22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.（2016高考北京卷） A.whose B.why C.where D.which 完形 Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. （2016高考北京卷） 阅读&写作 A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.（2016高考全国卷D篇） Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. （2016高考北京卷阅读A篇） ⊙定从原理：把两个句子合为一个，两个句子有相同的部分，此时可以把其中一个句子作为另一个句子的修饰限定部分。
2017高一英语定语从句讲解
定语从句讲解 1．定语从句：复合句中修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。 Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase which was very reasonable. Those who work hard will make progress. 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 1）关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有 when, where, why等。 2）关系词通常有下列三个作用：A、引导定语从句；B、代替先行词；C、在定语从句中担当一个成分。例如： The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句, who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句， 修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 （二）关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who 指人，在定语从句中作主语、宾语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。 2．whom 指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用 who 来代替，也可省略。但直接介词后只用whom,不可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend. The man to whom you talked just now is my old friend.（whom不可省略） 3．which 指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。或在非限制定语从句中代替整个主句。Football is a game which is liked by most boys. This is the pen ( which ) he bought yesterday. He failed the exam again ,which made his father angry. 4．that 指人时，相当于who 或whom；指物时，相当于which.。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。The number of people that / who come to visit this city each year reaches one million. Where is the man (that / whom) I saw this morning? 我今天早上看到的那个人在哪儿？ Yesterday I received a letter that / which came from Australia. 5．whose 通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。 I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the country. 我拜访了一个全国知名的科学家。 I once lived in the house whose roof has fallen in. 我曾经住在那幢屋顶已经倒塌了的房子里。 注意：指物时，常用下列结构来代替： We live in a house,__________ windows face the sea. We live in a house,___________ the windows face the sea. We live in a house, the windows__________ face the sea We live in a beautiful house, and the windows _________ face the sea Do you like the book whose cover is yellow?=_____________________=_________________ （三）“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句 关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。 The school (which / that) he once studied in is very famous. =The school in which he once studied is very famous. 他曾经就读过的学校很出名。 This is the boy (whom / who / that) I played tennis with yesterday. =This is the boy with whom I played tennis yesterday. 这是我昨天跟他打台球的男孩。 The manager whose company I work in pays much attention to improving our working conditions. =The manager in whose company I work pays much attention to improving our working conditions. 注意：１．含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：