高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编-名词性从句
高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编精品讲义名词性从句
1. Before a problem can be so lved, it must be obvious ______ the problem itself is. (2011·湖南卷31)
A. what
B. that
C. which
D. why
【解析】选A。空白处后句子缺表语。所以不能选B。B中的that 只起引导作用，无实意。而该句选what既起了引导作用，又作了句子成分表语。
2. It is still under discussion ______ the old bus station should be replaced with a modern hotel or not. (2011·重庆卷22)
A. whether
B. when
C. which
D. where
【解析】选A。该句中it作形式主语，真正的主语是由whether…or not引导的从句。句意：是否这个旧车站该由现代宾馆取代还在讨论中。
考点1.名词性从句的种类及连接词
I want to be liked and loved for______I am inside.
A. who
B. where
C. what
D. how
【解析】选C。what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾语，what在从句中作am的表语。
名词性从句具有名词的功能，分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句四种。它由以下三种连接词引导：
1. 连词：that, whether, if。
2. 连接代词：who, whom, whose, which, what等。
3. 连接副词：when, where, why, how等
Keep in mind ______ you want others to respect you, you must respect others first.
A. that when
B. that if
C. if when
D. when if
【解析】选B。that引导一个宾语从句，宾语从句中又有一个由if引导的条件状语从句。
1. that引导名词性从句时既无词义也不在从句中作任何成分。
2. that引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时一般不可省，引导宾语从句时常可省。但是，and连接两个由that引导的宾语从句时，第一个that可省，第二个that不可省。
3. that从句一般不作介词的宾语。但：in that “因为”，except / but that“除了”例外。考点3.whether, if的用法
It's reported that Pakistan is considering ______ to continue its information cooperation with the US because the US didn't inform them in advance before they took action to kill Bin Laden. (2011·成都七中高三最后一套模拟卷)
A. what
B. how
C. whether
D. if
【解析】选C。在whether后只能用不定式或后接or not，不能接if，即whether to do 或whether or not。
whether, if引导名词性从句时，表示“是否”，不在从句中作任何成分，二者常可通用，但在下面几种情况下一般只用whether：
(1)引导主语从句。
(2)引导表语从句。
(3)引导同位语从句。
(4)在动词discuss之后。
(5)在介词之后。
(6)后面紧跟or not。
(7)动词不定式前。
考点4.名词性从句的语序
I really wonder ______ will stop Japan from its annual whale hunt in the Antarctic. (山西太原五中2010— 2011学年度第二学期月考4月)
A. that it is what
B. what it is that
C. what is it that
D. that is it what
【解析】选B。空白处为一宾语从句作动词wonder的宾语。而宾语从句是一个强调句，强调what。宾语从句要采用陈述语序。
名词性从句用陈述语序，为：连词(+被修饰语)+主语+谓语。即主谓不倒装。
考点5. what与that引导名词性从句的区别
例1：It is not always easy for the public to see ______ use a new invention can be of to human life. (2011·重庆卷34)
A. Whose
B. what
C. which
D. that
【解析】选B。空白处作动词see 的宾语。宾语从句按顺序为a new invention can be of what use to human life，疑问词what前置。所以选B。
例2：Modern science has given clear evidence ______ smoking can lead to many diseases. (2011·天津卷13)
A. what
B. which
C. that
D. where
【解析】选C。that引导词作名词evidence的同位语从句引导词。该词只起引导作用，无实义，不可省略。
1. 在名词性从句中，that只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不充当任何成分，本身也没有词义，即从句中不缺少任何成分时用连词that.
2. that在从句中作主语时通常用it作形式主语，而将that从句置于句末作真正的主语。但what不能用it作形式主语。
3. that可引导同位语从句，但what不能。
考点6.由reason作主语时，表语从句的连接词
The reason why he can't go to school is ______ he is ill.
A. because
B. why
C. that
D. which
【解析】选C。reason作主语时，其后的表语从句一般用连词that。
reason作主语时，表语从句所用连词为that, 一般不用because或why等。
考点7. that引导同位语从句和定语从句的区别
例1：______ was known to all that William had broken his promise ______ he would never play computer games again. (2011·湖南雅礼中学高三第8次月考卷)
A. As; which
B. As; that
C. It; that
D. What; that
【解析】选C。it作形式主语，第一个that后引导从句作真正主语。名词promise后接that 引导的同位语从句。对前一名词内容进一步补充说明。
例2：Helping others is a habit, one ______ you ca n learn even at an early age. (2011·山
东卷改编)
A. it
B. that
C. what
D. who
【解析】选B。one是a habit的同位语。作为定语从句的先行词，后用which或that作定语从句动词learn的宾语。关系代词作宾语也可省略。
that引导同位语从句时，that在从句中不作成分(一般不省), 且不可用which来取代；that 引导定语从句时，that须作主语、宾语或表语(作宾语时常可省), 且常可用which来取代。
高考英语语法专题复习讲义荟萃名词性从句
( )1. Why don’t you bri ng ________ to his attention that you are too busy to do it? A．this B．that C．it D．what
( )2. The fact ________ he didn’t see Lao Li yesterday is true.
A．which B．that C．when D．what
( )3. The book looks ________ it had been out in the rain.
A．that B．whether C．as though D．what
( )4. I have no idea ________ he will come back.
A．where B．when C．what D．that
( )5. ________ the old man’s sons wanted to kn ow was ________ the gold had been hidden.
A．That; what B．What; where C．What; that D．What; if
( )6. No one can tell ________ will happen next.
A．what B．when C．where D．which
( )7. You’re responsible to ________ is in char ge of sales.
A．whom B．who C．whoever D．whomever
( )8. It is generally considered unwise to give a child ________ he or she wants.
A．however B．whatever C．whichever D．whenever
( )13. What the doctors really doubt is________ my mother will recover from the serious illness soon.
A．when B．how C．whether D．why
( )14. Our hometown is quite different from ________ before.
A．that it was B．what it was C．which it was D．when it was
( )15. Someone is knocking at the door. Go an d see________.
A．who is he B．who he is C．who is it D．who it is
( )16.________surprised us very much that Tom should have left without a word.
A．he B．It C．This D．That
( )17. Some college students are seen doing ________ work they can find to support themselves.
A．that B．which C．whatever D．no matter what
( )18. Things were not ________ they had been before.
A．as B．because C．that D．when
( )19. After________ seemed an endless effort，the patient was finally able to carry out________ seemed a perfectly normal walk.
A. what；what B．that; that C．it; that D．which; like
( )20. He was ill. That is ________ he didn’t come yesterday.
A．when B．why C．how D．that
参考答案
1. C it是形式宾语，真正的宾语是由that引导的从句。
2. B 同位语从句说明fact 的具体内容，用that 引导，不能省略。that只起连词作用，不作句子成分。
3. C as though/as if引导表语从句，意为“好像”。
4. B 用when 引导同位语从句，表示将回来的时间，A、C、D三项均与题意不符。
5. B 第一空格考查what引导主语从句且在主语从句中作宾语；第二空格考查where引导的表语从句，指地点。
9. C A is to B what C is to D意为“A与B的关系就等于C与D的关系”。又如：Air is to man what water is to fish.空气之于人犹如水之于鱼。
10. C whose 在宾语从句中作表语。
11. A 考查when引导的宾语从句。句意：我记得以前这家工厂只有一个小车间和两台机器，只有when指时间。
12. B 从句中谓语动词do 已有宾语more, 可排除A 和D; 在介词之后要用whether而不用if 引导宾语从句，所以选B。
13. C whether引导表语从句，意为“是否”。句意：医生真正怀疑的是我妈妈是否能很快从疾病中复原。
14. B what 引导的从句作介词的宾语，并在从句中作表语，而that, when 则不能。
15. D 宾语从句用陈述语序，故可排除A项和C项；it可指未知的人或事物。故答案为D。
16. B it 作形式主语，引导主语从句，this，that不能作形式主语。
17. C whatever引导名词性从句，在从句中修饰work，意为：“无论什么工作”，符合题意。而no matter what只能引导让步状语从句。
18. A as 引导表语从句。表示“正如，像……那样子”。
19. A after表示“在……之后”与时间名词连用时是介词而不是连词。两空均为what引导的宾语从句并在从句中作主语。
20. B why 引导表语从句，表示“(有病的)结果”。