高考非谓语动词易错题及解析.docx

高考非谓语动词易错题及解析.docx
高考非谓语动词易错题及解析.docx

高考非谓语动词易错题及解析

一、单项选择非谓语动词

1.A case of suspected food poisoning in New York has led to 6 high school students _____to hospital.

A. being sent C. sending 【答案】 A B.sent D. to be sent

【解析】

试题分析:句意:纽约一个疑似食品中毒的案件已经导致 6 名高中生被送到医院了。Lead

to “导致”其中的 to 是介词,后面接动名词的符合结构:逻辑主语( 6 high school students )

+动名词,因为students 和 send 是被动关系,用动名词的被动,选A。

考点:考查动名词的被动

2.I remembered _____ the door before I left the office, but forgot to turn off the lights.

A. locking B. to lock C. having locked D. to have locked

【答案】 B

【解析】

考查非谓语动词。ACD三个选项都表示动作已经完成。只

B 选项表示尚未做。句意:我

记得离开办公室前要锁门的,但是却忘记了要关灯。 remember doing="remember" having

dong="remember" to have done.

3.________ the convenience of digital payment, many senior citizens started to use smart

phones.

A. To enjoy B. Enjoying C. To have enjoyed D. Enjoy

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:为了享受数字支付的方便,很多老年市民开始使用智能手机。此

处用不定式表目的,故选A。

4.More TV programs, according to government officials, will be produced _____ people

concern over food safety.

A. to raise B.raising C. to have raised D. having raised

【答案】 A

【解析】略

’ s

5.(北京) The national park has a large collection of wildlife, _________ from butterflies to

elephants.

A. ranging B.range

C. to range D. ranged

【答案】 A

【解析】

试题分析:句意:国家公园有许多的野生动物,包括从蝴蝶到大象等等。此处野生动物和

range 之间是主动关系,用现在分词,故选A。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

[名师点睛 ]

现在分词和过去分词的区别:

在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义;

在时间上,现在分词表示的动作往往正在进行或者与谓语动词同时发生,过去分词表示的

动作已经完成或没有一定的时间性。

如: falling leaves 正在下落的树叶fallen leaves 已经落在地上的树叶

分词的作用

作定语

单个分词作定语,分词前置。如:

The sleeping boy is my son.

The excited people rushed into the building.

分词短语作定语,分词后置;分词修饰不定代词something 等要后置;个别分词如give,left 等作定语也后置。如:

The girl standing under the tree is my niece.

The building built last year is our library.

过去分词作定语与其修饰的词是被动关系,相当于一个被动语态的定语从句。如:Most of the people invited to the party were famous scientists

作状语

现在分词和过去分词在句中可以作时间、原因、方式、伴随、条件、结果等状语。

Not receiving any letter from him, I gave him a call.

As I didn’ t receive any letter from him, I gave him a call.

Given more attention, the trees could have grown better.

If more attention was given, the trees could have grown better.(条件)

Walking along the street, I ran across my old friend.

Bitten by a snake, he was taken to hospital( 原因 ).

Though defeated, he didn’ t lose让heart步). (

He lay on the grass, looking into the sky. ( 伴随 )

He came running to tell me the good news. ( 方式 )

注意:

选择现在分词还是过去分词,关键看主句的主语。如分词的动作是由主句的主语发出,分

词就用现在分词,反之就用过去分词。试比较:

(B eing) Used for a long time, the book looks old. 由于用了很长时间,这本书看上去很旧。Using the book, I find it useful. 在使用的过程中,我发现这本书很有用。

分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须和主句的主语一致,如果不一致,就用独立主格结构,即

在分词前加上它的逻辑主语。现在分词的完成式主要用于作状语,一般不用作定语。

作表语

现在分词作表语多表示主语具有的特征,过去分词作表语多指主语所处的状态。如:

The film is touching.

The glass is broken.

作宾语补足语

分词和不定式一样,在一些感官动词或使役动词后作宾语补足语。如:

I smell something burning.

I heard him singing the song.

I heard my name called.

作插入语

其结构是固定的,意思上的主语并不是句子的主语。

generally speaking 一般说来talking of (speaking of) 说到

strictly speaking 严格地说judging from 从·判断

all things considered 从整体来看taking all things into consideration全面看来。如:Judging from his face, he must be ill. 从他的脸色看,他一定是病了。

Generally speaking, dogs can run faster than pigs. 总的来说,狗比猪跑得快。

6.The island, _____ to the mainland by a new bridge, is much easier to visit.

A. joining B.having joined

C. joined D.to join

【答案】 C

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个岛,通过一座新桥与大陆连接,更容易来访。此处

的非谓语动词是用来做后置定语的,the island 与 join 之间是被动关系,故用过去分词表被动。故选C。

7.John always gets up early in the morning _____ energetic and ready to start a new day. A. feel B. to feel

C. feeling D.felt

【答案】 C

【解析】考查现在分词。句意:John 总是一大早起床,感觉精力充沛并准备开始新的一天。现在分词做伴随状态。故选C。

the Nobel Prize for Literature. 8.In 1938, Pearl S. Buck became the first American woman

A. winning B. win

C. won D. to win

【答案】 D

【解析】考查非谓语动词。句意:1938 年,赛珍珠成为第一个获得诺贝尔文学奖的美国女性。中心词由序数词修饰,用不定式作后置定语,故选D。

9.For breakfast he only drinks juice from fresh fruit________on his own farm.

A. grown B.being grown

C. to ge grown D. to grow

【答案】

【解析】

【解】

A

考非作定。句意:早餐,他只喝来自他自己种植的新水果的果汁。

grow 作定修fruit , grow 与 fruit 之上的关系,是被关系,故用去分

作定。 B 表示正在行; C 表示未生,均不符合意。故A。

10. --- What do you know made Sarah so upset?

---giving away state secrets.

A. Charged with B. Being charged with

C. Accusing of D. To be accused of

【答案】B

【解析】

【解】

考名。句意:---你知道是什么莎拉么不高?---她被指控泄露国家机密。sb be charged with 某人“因?而被控告”。第二句的主名 being

accused of 。故 B 正确。可以用

Being charged with作主,

11. I had been betrayed by those who I trusted several times, ______ in a suspicious attitude towards everything and everyone.

A.resulted B. having resulted C. resulting D. to result

【答案】 C

【解析】

【解】

考非做果状。句意:我曾被我信任的人背叛几次,致我每件事和每一个

人都抱着疑的度。“result in...”“ ”“

固定搭配,意致。前一句我曾被我信任的人背

叛几次”,致后面的果“我每件事和每一个人都抱着疑的度”。前一句致后面的果,此要用的ing 形式作果状,因此C。

12. _______ with all sorts of affairs, the manager had little time to have a good sleep.

A. Occupying B.Being occupied

C. Occupied D. Having occupied

【答案】C

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:由于经理忙于各种事务,几乎没有时间好好睡一觉。“ ” “经理和占

用”之间是被动关系,用过去分词作原因状语,故选C。

13. I think it a great honor _____ to visit your country.

A. to invite B. inviting C. having invited D. to be invited

【答案】 D

【解析】

【详解】

考查不定式用法。句意:我认为被邀请来访问你们的国家是一件十分荣幸的事情。本句中

不定式to be invited to visit your country是真正的宾语,it是形式宾语。故 D 正确。

【点睛】

本句考查不定式作真正的宾语,it 是形式宾语。it 作形式宾语,通常和下列动词连用:

consider, think, make, find, believe, feel, guess... 。一般说来,当不定式、动名词、从句等用作

宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,就应在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至

句末。

14. _____ with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time

A. To face B. Faced C. Face D. facing

【答案】 B

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意为:面对这么多麻烦,我们不能按时完成任务。空格处为状语,前

后主语一致都是 we , face 的用法为, sb face sth 或者 sb be faced with sth ,根据题中的 with 可知,选 B。

15. ________ nearly all our money, we couldn't afford to stay at a hotel.

A. Having spent B.To spend

C. Spent D. To have spent

【答案】A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:已经花完了几乎所有的钱,我们无法支付住宾馆的费用。动词不

定式表将来和目的,根据句意可知,“花钱”的动作发生在过去,排除B、 D;过去分词表完成和被动,we与spend是主谓关系,应该用现在分词,排除C;当两个动作有先后关系时,用现在分词的完成式,现在分词的完成式在本句相当于because we have spent nearly all our money,表原因。故选A。

16. --- Do you know anything about War of Seven Kingdoms, the Chinese Game of Thrones?

---Sure. Although each event _____ a well-known actor playing the key roles, it has all its plots well _____on established historical records and archaeological findings.

A. features; grounded B.characteristics; witnessed

C. stars; depended D. displays; commented

【答案】 A

【解析】

【解】

考辨析。句意:---你知道中国的《力的游》——《七国争》 ? ---当然。

然每一个事件都有一个著名的演扮演关角色,但它的所有情都建立在既定的史

和考古的基上。 A. features 由??主演 ; grounded 使基于; B. characteristics 以 .....特征; witnessed 目睹; C. stars 由??做主演 ; depended依靠; D. displays; commented 作

出。由“a well-known actor”

可知,每一个事件都有一个著名的演主演,所以第一个

空 features 。 be grounded on “以 ... 基” 固定短,在本句中去分作后置定。且符合句意。所以第二个空grounded 。故 A 。

17. Look over there — there ’ s a very long,winding path ____up to the house.

A. leading C. led B.leads D. to lead

【答案】 A

【解析】

【分析】【解】

考非。句意:看那儿——有一条很的蜿蜒通向房子的小路。横部分做定

修 path ,因 Path 与 lead to 构成主关系,使用在分来修path 。故 A。

18. (北京 )______ over a week ago, the books are expected to arrive any time now.

A. Ordering B.To order

C. Having ordered D. Ordered

【答案】D

【解析】

【解】

考非。句意:(因 )那些是一周多之前的,在随有可能送到。books 和

order 是关系,即order the books/the books are ordered 成,在此相当于原因状从句because they were ordered...

,故用去分表示被和完,故 D。

【点睛】

分作状

1. 分作状相当于when 引的状从句;on doing sth. ="as" soon as sb. does sth.。

2.分词作原因状语相当于 as, since, because 引导的原因状语从句。

3.分词作方式或伴随状语不能用状语从句替换,但是可以改写成并列句。

4. 分词作条件状语相当于if, unless等引导的从句。常见的可表示条件的分词有given, supposing, considering, provided, compared with等。

5. 分词作结果状语相当于so that引导的结果状语从句。分词前常有副词thus , thereby ,only等。

6.分词作让步状语相当于 though 或者 even if 等引导的让步状语从句。

19. In the library you can use your own computer to connect to Wi-Fi specially _____ for readers.

A. preparing C. prepared B.to prepare D. prepare

【答案】C

【解析】

考查过去分词。句意:在这个图书馆,你能用你自己的电脑连接特别为读者准备的Wi-Fi 。此处是过去分词做后置定语,故选C。

20. _______ her before, he didn’ t knowas hisshedaughterw.

A. Not having seen B.Having not seen

C. Not seeing D. Not to see

【答案】 A

【解析】

【详解】

考查非谓语动词。句意:由于以前没有见过她,他不知道她就是他的女儿。he 与 see 之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,表示主动,而且see 这个动作发生在 didn ’t know之前,应该用现在

分词的完成式作原因状语,否定词放在最前面,故 A 项正确。

【点睛】

本题非谓语表示的动作与谓语之间有明显的先后关系,see 这个动作发生在didn ’knowt 之前,应该用现在分词的完成式作原因状语,Not having seen=Because he hadn’t seen her before。

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