大学英语专业词汇复习名词解释+解答

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杨立民《现代大学英语精读（3）》（第2版）【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（Unit1）

杨立民《现代大学英语精读（3）》（第2版）【词汇短语+课文精解+全文翻译+练习答案】（Unit1）Unit1一、词汇短语Text Acrisis[]n.危机；危险期；决定性时刻adj.危机的；用于处理危机的【例句】Affair have reached a crisis.事情已经发展到了紧要关头。

endeavor[]n.&v.努力，尽力，力图【例句】We must always endeavour to improve our work.我们任何时候都要努力改进自己的工作。

【词组】make one’s(best)endeavor(s)尽全力，竭力【助记】end（最后）+eavor（联想favor）→最后，缘分使努力成为现实。

perceive[]v.感知，察觉；理解，领悟，意识到【例句】Did you perceive a red colour or a green one?你看出来是红颜色还是绿颜色？【词组】perceive sth.as sth.理解或领悟某事物；认为【助记】per（透过）+ceive（取）→透过感觉来拿→察觉。

【派生】perception n.知觉；[生理]感觉；看法；洞察力；获取encyclopedia/encyclopaedia[]n.百科全书【例句】A dictionary deals with words and an encyclopedia deals with facts.词典讲解单词，而百科全书讲解事实。

genetic[]adj.遗传的，起源的【例句】Genetic engineering will have revolutionaryconsequences for mankind.遗传工程将对人类产生深远的影响。

【词组】genetic material遗传物质；基因材料genetic information遗传信息【派生】genetical adj.遗传的；起源的；创始的genetics n.遗传学【助记】gene（基因）+ticendow[]v.资助，捐赠；（with）给予，赋予【例句】Nature endowed her with a beautiful singing voice.大自然赋予她一副美妙的歌喉。

大一第一学期英语复习笔记

大学体验英语综合教程1复习笔记Unit1 college life重点词汇详解1. approach [????????] v. 走近，接近n. ①道路②学习（研究方法）【例句】The approach of the CET Band-4 makes me nervous.大学英语四级考试的临近令我紧张不已。

【词组】at the approach of在……快到的时候；be approaching (to)与……差不多，大致相等【辨析】approach, approximate与nearapproach 表“接近、走近、靠近”的含义时，可指时间、地点接近，也可指接近某个人，还可表示“对待、处理”问题、任务、困难等。

approximate 意为“接近、大致为”，表示抽象意义上的接近时可与approach互换使用，比后者常用，只有在词组approximate to 中作vi.。

near 表“接近、临近”的含义，大多出现在文学作品中，指人或者空间、时间上的接近时可与approach互的使用。

【巧记】ap (to) +proach (near)→接近，靠近【词汇扩展】approachable adj.可接近的，平易近人的【特别提示】注意approach 作动词用时，后不能跟to，作名词用表示“方法”则跟to。

如：a new approach to the study of English. 学习英语的新方法。

[错] We approached to the school.[对] We approached the school.我们快到学校了。

2. assurance [?????????] n. ①担保，确信②保险【例句】Despite repeated assurances he failed to repay the money he had borrowed.尽管他再三保证，但是借去的钱却始终没还。

2007年四川大学英语专业(语言学)真题试卷及答案

2007年四川大学英语专业（语言学）真题试卷及答案一、名词解释1 productivity(design feature of language)2 phatic function of language3 descriptive study of linguistics4 bilabial consonant5 minimal pairs6 morpheme7 inflection8 compound9 stem10 back-formation二、词汇题11 rational12 moral13 regular14 political15 effective16 human17 relevant18 legal19 proportionate20 resistible三、简答题21 How is the relation between sound and meaning classified?22 What is the distinction between inflectional affixes and derivational affixes?四、分析题23 They are moving sidewalks.24 Tom said Marl would go yesterday.25 the synthetic buffalo hides26 the fat mayor's wife27 old man and women一、名词解释1 【正确答案】 By productivity,language is designed to make its users form and understand infinitesentences，most of which are never before produced or heard．【试题解析】本题考查语言的定义特点之一——多产性，答案从《语言学教程(第三版)》(胡壮麟主编)(以下简称《教程》)第7页可以找到，同时，考生也应掌握语言的任意性、二层性和移位性。

【原创1.11】南京邮电大学专业英语词汇释义精选

magnetized // 磁化 magnetostatics // 静磁 magnetron // 磁控管 mast // 天线 Maxwell's equation // 麦克斯韦方程
medium // 介质 metallic // 金属的 method of moments // 矩量法
MF/ // 中频 MIC/ // 微波集成电路 microstrip // 微带 minority carrier // 少数载流子
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南京邮电大学电磁场与无线技术专业英语词汇释义精选
net power // 净功率 newsletter // 通讯 N-LOS/ / 非视距 nonconductive // 不导电 nonresonant // 非谐振 nonthermal // 非热的 nonuniform plane // 非均匀平面
ohm // 欧姆 ohmic // 阻值 Ohm's law // 欧姆定律 open-circuited // 开路 optics // 光学 orientation // 定向 orthonormal bases // 正交基
oscillator // 振荡器 oscilloscope // 示波器
C
cable // 电缆 capacitance // 电容 cathode // 阴极 cavity // 空穴空腔 ceiver // 接收器 cellular // 蜂窝网 channelization // 信道化
charge // 电荷 circuit // 电路 circulator // 环行器 coaxial probe // 同轴探针 coil // 线圈 cold cathode // 冷阴极管 compatibility // 兼容性 component // 元件 compound // 化合物的 conductance // 电导 conductivity // 电导率 conductor // 导体 conformal // 共形 conjugate // 共轭 constitutive relationship // 本构关系

大学英语教材单词解释大全

大学英语教材单词解释大全什么是大学英语教材单词解释？大学英语教材单词解释指的是对于大学英语教材中出现的单词进行解释和概括的过程。

在学习英语的过程中，积累和掌握大量的词汇是非常关键的一步，而大学英语教材单词解释的目的就是帮助学生理解和记忆这些关键词汇，使他们能够在学习和应用中熟练运用这些词汇，提高他们的英语水平。

在大学英语教材中，经常会出现一些生词和短语，这些词汇对于学生来说可能是陌生的，需要进行解释和概括。

针对这些单词和短语，我们可以采用以下的方式来进行解释：1. 词汇释义：对于一个陌生的词汇，首先要给出其基本的释义，解释其在句子中的意思和用法。

例如，对于单词“university”，我们可以给出“大学”的释义，同时解释其用法，如在句子中表示一所高等学府。

2. 词性和变形：在解释单词时，要给出其词性和变形形式。

例如，对于动词“study”，我们可以标注其为动词，并给出其过去式和现在分词的形式，如“studied”和“studying”。

3. 用法和例句：为了帮助学生更好地理解和记忆单词，可以给出其常见的用法和例句。

例如，在解释单词“communicate”时，可以给出“communicate with sb.”的常见用法，并举例说明，如“我很难与他沟通。

”4. 同义词和反义词：有时候，一个词汇的解释可能不够准确或完整，可以补充给出其同义词和反义词，以及近义词和形容词形式。

例如，对于名词“problem”，可以给出其同义词“issue”和反义词“solution”，以及形容词形式“problematic”。

通过以上的解释方式，我们可以帮助学生更好地理解和掌握大学英语教材中的单词和短语。

此外，还可以结合一些图表、例题和练习来巩固学生的理解和记忆。

通过系统地解释和概括教材中的单词和短语，可以提高学生的学习效果，培养他们的英语阅读和表达能力。

总结起来，大学英语教材单词解释是帮助学生理解和记忆关键词汇的重要环节。

测绘工程专业英语(中国地质大学长城学院)

一、名词解释：1、Surveying (测量学）is the art of making such measurements of the relative positions of points on the surface of Earth that,on drawing them to scale natural and artificial features may be exhibited in their correct horizontal or vertical relationships.2、Plane surveying （平面测量)is of wide scope and utility,and its methods are e mployed in the vast majorit y of surveys undertaken for various purposes,such as en gineering ,architectural,legal,c ommercial,scientific,geograph ical,exploratory,military,and n avigational.3、Geodetic surveys（大地测量）are usually of a nati onal character,occasionally w orks of international coopera tion,and they are undertaken as basis for the production of accurate maps of wide areas.4、Leveling（水准测量) is t he general term applied to a ny of the various processes by which elevations of point s or differences in elevation are determined.5、The theodolite （经纬仪）is an instrument designed for the measurement of hori zontal and vertical angles.It is the most precise instrume nt available for such observ ations,and is of wide applica bility in surveying.6、A traverse（导线）is a series of consecutive lines whose lengths and directions have been determined from field measurements7、Traversing(导线测量）,the act of establishing traverse stations and making the ne cessary measurements,is one of the most basic and wid ely practiced means of deter mining the relative locations of points.8、Azimuths（方位角）are measured clockwise from th e north end of the meridian through the angle points. 9、Topographic surveys（地形测量）are made to deter mine the configuration (relie f) of the earth’s surface and to locate natural and cultur al features on it.10、A topographic map（地形图）is a large scale repres entation of a portion of theEarth’s showing culture, relief, hydrography, and perhaps vegetation.11、Systematic-Error(系统误差）:These-errors conformto mathematical and physical laws.Their magnitude maybe constant or variable depending on conditions.12、Radom error(偶然误差）：These are errors that remain after mistakes and systematic errors have been eliminated.13、Precision(精度)refers to the degree of refinementor consistency of a group of measurements.14、Accuracy(准确度）which denotes the absolute nearness of measured quantities to their true values.二、填空1、The metal case is attached to some part of the instrument in such a way as topermit some (adjustment) of the position.2、Transits,are instrumentswhich ..... Along the verticalplane (altitude) as well asthe horizontal plane (azimuth).3、These instruments are (tripods),plane tables,(level rods),chains,and (tapes).4、As can be observed ,EDM systems are made up ofthree components-(a transmitter),(a reflector),and (a receiver).5、....the telescope must becapable of rotation about a(horizontal axis),for measurement of horizonal angles,the instrument must be rotatedabout a (vertical axis).6、There must be an (indexmark) on the rotating part,placed so that readings canbe taken against it on the(graduated circle).7、.....the observer operatesa setting device to obtain a(mean reading) free from(eccentricity error).8、If the (plumb bob) is not over the point,the (centering screw) can be loosenedand the.......9、These notes include directions.....stations with (fourdifferent positions).Two readings were taken on each position (one with the telescope normal or direct and onewith the instrument (reversed or plunged)).10、The line is determinedby a telescope with the usual components consisting of(object glass),(focusing arrangement),(diaphragm withcross-lines), and (eye-piece).11、A level fitted with (horizontal circle) and (stadia lines) can be used to make acomplete (three-dimensional) survey of a limited area round the instrument.12、Levels are used to obtain the direct measurement of （height differences）between two points.13、Which transmit either (modulated laser) or (infrared light) having wavelengths within or slightly beyondthe ......14、Which transmits (microwaves) with (frequencies) in the range of 3 to 35GHZcorresponding to wavelength of about 1.0 to 8.6 mm.15、The methods used in measuring angles or directionsof traverse lines vary,and include (compass bearings），（interior angles),(deflection angles),(angles to the right),(azimuths).16、The instrument is oriented at each station by (backsighting) on the previous point with （the back bearingset) on the plates.17、(Electronic devices) and (taping) are used most often and provide the highestorder of accuracy.18、On construction work,(allowable limits of closure)depend on the use and extent of the traverse and typeof project.Bright location, for example ,demands a highdegree of precision.19、Vertical control is provided by bench marks in or near the tract to be surveyed.It becomes the foundation for correctly portraying reliefon a map,A （vertical control net)is established by (lines of levels）starting fromand closing on bench marks.三、翻译：1、It is convenient to considerthat a bubble tube has anaxis,which may be taken as astraight line parallel to the freesurface of the liquid when thebubble is in the centralposition determined by thegraduation marks.当气泡处于分划线所确定的中心位置时，我们可以很容易想像水准管有一个轴，这个轴可以看作是一条与液体的自由表面平行的直线。

大学英语2 复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语

大学英语2复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语主题：复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语学习时间：2016年7月11日－7月17日内容：我们从本周开始进入期末复习。

本周主要复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语。

希望通过下面的内容能使同学们加深对相关知识点的理解。

一、学习要求1．复习本学期所学过的重要词汇和短语。

二、主要内容1. basis ['beisis] n.•basis of/basis for 基础, 要素Effective study skills and strategies are the basis of effective learning.有效的学习技能和策略是有效学习的基础。

This article will form the basis for our discussion.这篇文章将作为我们讨论的基点。

•on a … basis 准则，方式on a regular basis 以定期的方式on a weekly basis 每周的•on the basis of 原因，缘由She was chosen for the job on the basis of her qualification and ideas.她因为具备适当的资格，想法对路而被选担任该工作。

•on the basis that 原因，缘由Some videos have been banned on the basis that they are too violent.有些录像因为暴力镜头过多而被查禁。

•the basis for 基础This article will form the basis for our discussion.这篇文章将作为我们讨论的基点。

2. preference ['prefərəns] n.•preference for sb./sth. 偏爱，更喜欢Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.许多人强烈表示喜欢原计划。

大学生专业英语词汇总结

大学生专业英语词汇总结随着全球化时代的到来，跨国公司、国际组织以及各种国际活动的频繁出现，英语作为国际交流的基本语言，成为了每一个大学生必备的技能之一。

作为大学英语的学习者，熟练掌握专业英语词汇不仅是提升英语水平的必要条件，也是迈向专业领域的重要基础。

下面是本文为大家总结的大学生专业英语词汇：一、商务英语1. revenue –收入\n2. profit –利润\n3. sales –销售额\n4. market –市场\n5. brand –品牌\n6. strategy –策略\n7. investment –投资\n8. competition –竞争\n9. target market –目标市场\n10. advertising –广告二、计算机科学1. algorithm –算法\n2. database –数据库\n3. programming –编程\n4. software –软件\n5. hardware –硬件\n6. network –网络\n7. code –代码\n8. operating system –操作系统\n9. debugging –调试\n10. user interface –用户界面三、金融学1. interest rate –利率\n2. stock –股票\n3. bond –债券\n4. investment –投资\n5. risk –风险\n6. liquidity –流动性\n7. asset –资产\n8. liability –负债\n9. hedge fund –对冲基金\n10. derivatives –衍生品四、法律1. contract –合同\n2. litigation –诉讼\n3. liability –责任\n4. precedent –先例\n5. intellectual property –知识产权\n6. arbitration –仲裁\n7. legal system –法律体系\n8. judgment –判决\n9. plaintiff –原告\n10. defendant –被告五、医学1. diagnosis –诊断\n2. treatment –治疗\n3. surgery –手术\n4. medication –药物\n5. patient –病人\n6. symptom –症状\n7. disease –疾病\n8. surgery –外科学\n9. anatomy –解剖学\n10. physiology –生理学六、教育学1. curriculum –课程\n2. pedagogy –教学法\n3. assessment –评估\n4. classroom management –课堂管理\n5. educational psychology –教育心理学\n6. learning outcomes –学习成果\n7. special education –特殊教育\n8. differentiated instruction –差异化教学\n9. educational research –教育研究\n10. teaching strategies –教学策略七、国际关系1. sovereignty –主权\n2. diplomacy –外交\n3. globalization –全球化\n4. non-governmental organization (NGO) –非政府组织\n5. international law –国际法\n6. foreign policy –外交政策\n7. human rights –人权\n8. conflict resolution –冲突解决\n9. international trade –国际贸易\n10. international governance –国际治理八、建筑设计1. blueprint –蓝图\n2. architecture –建筑学\n3. building materials –建筑材料\n4. interior design –室内设计\n5.construction –建筑工程\n6. sustainable design –可持续设计\n7. building code –建筑规范\n8. structural engineering –结构工程\n9. landscape architecture –景观设计\n10. urban planning –城市规划以上是本文总结的大学生专业英语词汇，涵盖了商务、计算机科学、金融学、法律、医学、教育学、国际关系、建筑设计等多个专业领域。

大学英语专业的重点知识

大学英语专业的重点知识英语作为一门广泛使用的国际语言，在现代社会中扮演着重要的角色。

作为大学英语专业的学生，掌握英语的重点知识对于提高语言能力和专业素养至关重要。

本文将介绍大学英语专业的几个重点知识领域，包括语法、词汇、听力和写作技巧。

一、语法知识语法是英语学习的基础，对于大学英语专业的学生来说尤为重要。

掌握基本的语法规则和结构可以帮助学生更准确地表达自己的意思。

例如，学生需要了解主谓一致、时态、语态、句子结构等基本语法知识。

此外，学生还应该熟悉并正确使用各种句型，如简单句、复合句和复合句等。

二、词汇知识词汇是语言的基本单位，对于大学英语专业的学生来说，丰富的词汇量是提高语言表达能力的关键。

学生应该积极扩大自己的词汇量，并学会正确运用词汇。

此外，学生还应该学习词汇的搭配和用法，以避免在表达中出现不准确或不恰当的用词。

三、听力技巧听力是语言学习的重要组成部分，对于大学英语专业的学生来说尤为重要。

学生应该通过大量的听力练习来提高自己的听力技巧。

例如，他们可以听英语广播、英语新闻和英语电影等，以提高自己对不同口音和语速的理解能力。

此外，学生还可以通过做听力练习题来锻炼自己的听力技巧，提高对细节和关键信息的捕捉能力。

四、写作技巧写作是英语学习的重要方面，对于大学英语专业的学生来说尤为重要。

学生应该学会正确地组织和表达自己的思想，并运用恰当的词汇和语法结构。

此外，学生还应该注意文章的结构和逻辑，以确保文章的连贯性和一致性。

学生可以通过写作练习来提高自己的写作技巧，例如写日记、写作文和写研究论文等。

总结大学英语专业的学生需要掌握一定的语法知识、词汇知识、听力技巧和写作技巧。

通过系统学习和不断练习，学生可以提高自己的英语水平，为将来的职业发展打下坚实的基础。

同时，学生还应该保持对英语学习的持续兴趣，通过多种途径来拓宽自己的知识面，提高自己的语言能力。

以上是大学英语专业的重点知识的简要介绍。

希望本文对大学英语专业的学生有所帮助，能够引导他们更好地学习和掌握英语知识。

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大学英语专业词汇复习名词解释+解答 Conversion: conversion is a word-formation process whereby a word of a certain word-class is shifted into a word of another word-class without the addition of an affix. For example, the verb attack corresponds to the noun attack. Homonymy: words which are different in meanings but pronounced alike, or spelled alike, or both, are called homonymy. Blending: blending is a process of word-formation in which a new word is formed by combining the meanings and sounds of two words, one of which is not in its full form or both which are not in their full forms. For example: brunch (breakfast + lunch). Motivation: motivation refers to the connection between word-symbol and its sense. Motivation can arise in three major ways: phonetic motivation, morphological motivation, semantic motivation. Homophones: words identical in sound but different in meaning and spelling are called homophones. For example: dear, deer; sun, son. Derivational affix: words when added to another morpheme, they “derive”a new word are called derivational affix. For example: re+write, mini +car, super +market, work +er. Grammatical meaning: grammatical meaning consists of word-class and inflectional paradigm. Inflectional affixes (or inflectional morphemes): an inflectional affixes serves to express such meanings as plurality, tense, comparative or superlative degree. It does not form a new word with new lexical meaning when it is added to another word. Denotative meaning: Denotative meaning is sometimes called the conceptual meaning. It’s the central factor in linguistic communication. It involves the relationship between a linguistic unit and the non-linguistic entities to which it refers. And the denotative meaning of a word is its definition given in a dictionary. Native words: words of Anglo-Saxon origin or of Old English are native words. Most native words are monosyllabic in modern English. 1.What are the three periods in view of the development of English vocabulary? 1.Old English (449-1100 AD). The beginning of old English is marked by the arrival of the Germanic tribes called Angles, Saxons, and Jutes. People generally refer to Anglo-Saxon as old English. Old English is a highly inflected language. In this period, many Latin words and Scandinavian words came into the English language. 2.Middle English (1100-1500). Middle English period began with the Norman Conquest. In this period, many words of French and Dutch origins were borrowed into English. Middle English was characterized by its losses of many inflectional endings so that it was a language of leveled endings. 3.Modern English (1500 to the present). Modern English began with the establishment of printing in England. Because of the influence of the renaissance movement, many words of Latin and Greek origins, etc came into English. Also because of the fast development in science and technology, many new words were created. Though borrowing remained an important means of English vocabulary expansion, yet more words were created through word formation. 2. What are the major contributors to the growth of English vocabulary? please illustrate your point with examples. Latin, e.g. bargain, cheap, inch, pound; French, e.g. judge, conquer, baptism, coat; Greek, e.g. drama, comedy, tragedy, lexicon; Scandinavian, e.g. sister, husband, they, their. 3.What are the types of morphemes? Illustrate with examples. Morphemes may be classified into free and bound. A free morpheme is one that can be uttered alone with meaning, e.g. man, red, read,write. A bound morpheme cannot stand by itself as a complete utterance; it must appear with at least one other morpheme, free or bound, e.g. un+kind, work+ed, dog+s. Alternatively, morphemes may be divided into roots and affixes. A root is the basic unchangeable part of a word, and it coveys the main lexical meaning of the word e.g. work, worker, working, worked. And roots are either free and bound. Affix is a “collective term for the type of formative that can be used only when added to another morpheme.” And affixes are considered bound morphemes. 4.What is grammatical meaning of a word? Grammatical meaning consists of word-class and inflectional paradigm. Word class describes the word’s lexical meaning and also gives what is traditionally known as the part of speech of the word, e.g. modern is adjective, modernize is verb, modernization is noun. Inflectional paradigm is the set of grammatical forms of a word. 5.There are three types of homonyms in English. What are they? English homonyms are classified as follows: 1.perfect homonyms: word identical in sound and spelling