Aerodynamic Simulation of A Containership to Evalu

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高速舰船的运动模型适用性分析及海浪中的操纵仿真试验

高速舰船的运动模型适用性分析及海浪中的操纵仿真试验孙健;陈永冰;周岗;徐务农【摘要】船舶运动模型的建立对于船舶运动控制算法的研究以及自动舵的研制和陆基条件下的检测都具有重要意义.对于静水条件下中低速船的航迹航向控制,三自由度模型较为简单适用,然而高速舰船的操纵特性与中低速船不同,在回转过程中会产生较大的横倾角,横摇运动与首摇运动的耦合作用较明显.本文通过Matlab对DTMB5415驱逐舰进行四自由度的运动建模及操纵仿真实验,根据仿真试验与水池试验数据的对比,验证了四自由度模型的适用性,并进一步应用该模型分析了海浪干扰对高速舰船运动的影响.%Building the ship model has important significance for the study of ship motion control algorithms andre-search of autopilot. The three-degree of freedom model is simple and applicative to the low-speed or medium-speed ship. But the maneuverability of high-speed ship is different. There may be large amplitude rolling during the turning motion and the effect of coupling of rolling and yawing is obvious.A four-degree of freedom model of combatant DTMB5415 wasestab-lished and validated by the comparison of pool test and the simulated maneuvering test. Then this model was applied todis-cuss the influence of the wave interference forces to the high-speed ship.【期刊名称】《舰船科学技术》【年(卷),期】2018(040)001【总页数】6页(P41-45,51)【关键词】船舶运动模型;横摇耦合;海浪干扰【作者】孙健;陈永冰;周岗;徐务农【作者单位】海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉 430033;海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉 430033;海军工程大学电气工程学院,湖北武汉 430033;海军九〇二厂,上海 200083【正文语种】中文【中图分类】U666.110 引言船舶运动模型的建立是船舶控制的基础工作，对于控制方法的研究以及自动舵的研制和陆基条件下的检测具有重要意义。

会遇态势相关的雷达标绘评估模型研究

与会遇态势相关的雷达标绘评估模型，评估模型该
既满足《９２年国际海上避碰规则，ｎｅｔｏｎ１７Ｃｏｖｎｉｎｏ
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２
中国航海
２２年第２期０１
薛满福的评估模型运用了隶属度函数，结合操船避碰进行评分。张飞成［运用基于数理统计的评估７
ａｓｓｍｅ．Ａｎｅｏｕｎｅｉｕａｉｒｅｅａｒｐｌｔｉｓｅｓｅｔｍｏｌｉｖｌｐｅ．Ｆｏｏｌｎｓｅｓｎｔｎｃｔｒｓｔｔｏｎｏｉｎｔｄｒｄａｏｔｎｇａｓｓｍｎｄｅｓｄｅｅｏｄｒｍｄｅｉｇ，ｔｎ— ｈｅｅｃｎｔｒｒｌｔｏｅｗｅｎｏｗｎｓｐａｄｔｒｅｈｉｒｌｓｉｉｄＴｈｅｗｅｇｈｓａｎｒｉｓｂｌｒｏｒｏｒｅｌｔｄｏｕｅｅａｉｎｂｔｅｈｉｎａｇｔｓｐｓａｅｃａｓｆｅ．ｉｔｄｐｅｍｓｉｅｅｒｓｆｖａｕａｅｐｒｍｅｅｓａｅｄｅｉｄａｃｏｒｎｇｏｔｍｐｔｎｃｅｈａｒｍｅｅｎｄｔｏｔｉｅｉｉａａｓｒ — ａａｔｒｒｆｎｅｃｄｉｔｈｅｉｏｒａｅｏｆａｃｐａｔｒａｈｅｐｌｔｎｇｐｒｃｓｏｎｏｆｒｄｒｏｂｅｖａｔｏ．ＴｈｅｐｌｔｉｉｎｓｏｔｎｇｏｐｅａｉｓｓｏｅｔｍａｉａｌａｅｎｔｅｂｅｓｐｄｅｒｅＴｈｓａｓｅｓｎｔｍｏｄｌｈｓｒｔｏｎｉｃｒｄａｕｏｔｃｌｙｂｓｄｏｈｅｍｍｒｈｉｇｅ．ｉｓｓｍｅｅａｂｅｐｐｉｄｉａｒｓｍｕｌｔｎｄａｈｅｄｇｏｅｕｔ．ｅｎａｌｅｎｒｄａｉａｏｒａｃｉｖｅｏｄｒｓｌｓＫｅｒ：ｓｉｎｖａｎｇｉｅｅｉｙｗｏｄｓｈｐ，ａｌｅｎｒｎｇ；ｒｄａｉｕｌｔｒ；ｒｄｏｔｉａｒｓｍａｏａａｒｐｌｔｎｇ；ｏｒｔｏｎａｓｓｍｅｔｍｅｂｒｈｉｕｎｔｏｎｐｅａｉｓｅｓｎ；ｍｅｓｐｆｃｉ

基于CFD

本文网址：/cn/article/doi/10.19693/j.issn.1673-3185.03028期刊网址：引用格式：刘维勤, 张亚强, 夏天禹, 等. 基于CFD−非线性有限元双向耦合的集装箱船波浪下结构崩溃数值仿真[J]. 中国舰船研究, 2023, 18(6): 134–142.LIU W Q, ZHANG Y Q, XIA T Y, et al. Numerical simulation of structural collapse of container ship in waves based on two-way coupling of CFD nonlinear FEM[J]. Chinese Journal of Ship Research, 2023, 18(6): 134–142.基于CFD−非线性有限元双向耦合的集装箱船波浪下结构崩溃数值仿真扫码阅读全文刘维勤1，张亚强1，夏天禹1，陆晔2，杨萌3，吴卫国4，宋学敏*11 武汉理工大学船海与能源动力工程学院，湖北武汉 4300632 中国船舶科学研究中心，江苏无锡 2140823 中国舰船研究设计中心，湖北武汉 4300644 武汉理工大学绿色智能江海直达船舶与邮轮游艇研究中心，湖北武汉 430063摘要:［目的］充分考虑载荷非线性和物面非线性因素的影响，研究集装箱船在波浪下结构响应及动态结构崩溃模式。

［方法］首先，基于CFD 平台建立船舶水动力模型，采用重叠网格法实现船体水动力模型动边界网格与远场流体域的欧拉网格间的匹配，在流体全域内采用流体体积法模拟自由面非线性，在流场全域内求解三维N–S 方程，实时求解非线性波浪载荷；然后，建立可模拟船舯崩溃行为的船舶非线性有限元模型，基于显式动力学非线性有限元法计算包含塑性和屈曲的时域崩溃响应；最后，实现水动力模型与结构有限元模型在湿表面上的流体压力和节点位移的传递，以此进行CFD 求解器与非线性有限元求解器间的双向迭代耦合，并实时计算4 600 TEU 集装箱船结构崩溃过程中的非线性波浪载荷和结构崩溃响应。

船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇

船舶与海洋工程专业专业英语词汇1、A类a faired set of lines 经过光顺的一组型线 abaft 朝向船尾absence 不存在accommodation 居住(舱室)acquisition cost 购置（获取）成本activate 作动adopt 采用aegis 保护，庇护aerostatic 空气静力学的after perpendicular (a. p. ）艉柱ahead and astern 正车和倒车 air cushion vehicle 气垫船aircraft carrier 航空母舰airfoil 气翼，翼剖面，机面，方向舵airfoil 气翼，机翼alignment chock 组装校准用垫楔(或填料)allowance 公差，余(裕)量，加工裕量，补贴 American Bureau of Shipping (美国)船级社amidships 舯amidships 在舯部amphibious 两栖的angle of attack 攻角angle plate 角钢 anticipated loads encountered at sea在海上遭遇到的预期载荷antiroll fins 减摇鳍 appendage 附体appendage 附件，附体 appendage 附体artisan 技工 assembly line 装配(流水)线athwart ships 朝 (船)横向 at-sea replenishment 海上补给axiomatic 理所当然的，公理化的2、B类back up member 焊接垫板 backing structure 垫衬结构Bar 型材，材bar keel 棒龙骨，方龙骨，矩形龙骨barge 驳船 base line 基线base, base line 基线basic design 基本设计batten 压条，板条 be in short supply 供应短缺、俏销beam 船身最大宽，横梁beam 船宽，梁bench work 钳工 bevel 折角bid 投标 bidder 投标人(者)bilge 舭，舱底bilge 舭bilge keel 舭龙骨 bilge radius 舭半径bills of material 材料(细目)单 blast 喷丸(除锈)block coefficient 方形系数block coefficient 方形系数Board of Trade (英国)贸易厅 body plan 横剖面图body section 横剖图 Bonjean curve 邦戎曲线boom 吊杆 boundary layer 边界层bow line 前体纵剖线 bow thruster 艏侧推器bow wave 艏波boyant 浮力的bracket 轴支架，支架breadth extreme 最大宽，计算宽breadth moulded 型宽breakbulk 件杂货buckle 屈曲budget 预算，作预算buffer area 缓冲区building basin 船台 bulb plate 球头扁钢bulbous bow 球状船艏bulbous bow 球鼻艏bulk oil carrier 散装油轮bulk carrier 散装货船bulk carrier 散装货船 buoyancy 浮力buoyancy 浮力Bureau Veritas (法国)船级社burning machine 烧割机 butt weld 对缝焊接buttock 后体纵剖线by convention 按照惯例，按约定3、C类camber 梁拱capacity plan 舱容图capsize 倾覆capsizing moment 倾覆力矩captured-air-bubble vehicle 束缚气泡减阻船cargo capacity 载货量，货舱容量，舱容cargo cubic 货舱舱容，载货容积cargo handling 货物装卸 cargo owner 货主carpenter 木匠 carriage of grain cargoes 谷类货物输运机cascading of waves upon…海浪跌落于… casualty 事故，死伤，灾难catamaran 双体船categorize 分类centroid 形心，重心，质心，矩心 chine 舭，舷，脊chock 木楔 circumscribe 外接，外切circumsection 外切Coast Guard cuttle(美国）海岸警备队快艇commercial ship 营利用船commissary spaces 补给库舱室，粮食库common carrier 通用运输船compartment 舱室 concave 凹，凹的，拱conceive 设想，想象concept design 概念设计configuration 构形，配置configuration安排，构型，配置conspicuous 显着的，值得注意的containerized 集装箱化 contract design 合同设计contract design 合同设计 contracted scale 缩尺core box 型芯 corrosion 锈蚀，腐蚀couple 力矩，力偶crest (of wave) 波峰crew quarters 船员居住舱 Critical Path Method (CPM) 关键路径法cross section 横剖面 cross sectional area 横剖面面积cross-channel automobile ferries 横越海峡客车渡轮crucial element 重要因素cruiser stern 巡洋舰尾cruissing range 航程curvature 曲率curves of form 各船型曲线cushion of air 气垫4、D类damage stability 破损稳性 damp out 阻息，逐渐降低dead load 恒(静)载荷 deadweight 总载重量(吨)deballast 卸除压载(压舱)deck line at side 甲板边线deck camber 甲板梁拱deck wetness 甲板淹湿 deckhouse 舱面室，甲板室declivity 坡度，斜度 deep V hull 深V型船体deformation 变形 delivery 交船Department of Trade (英国)贸易部 deposit metallic plating 镀上金属镀层depth moulded 型深depth 船深depth 船深 design spiral 螺旋式设计destroyer 驱逐舰detail design 详细设计deviation 偏离，偏差 devious 曲折的diagram 图，原理图，设计图，流程图 dimension 尺度，元，维displacement 排水量distributed load 分布载荷division 站，划分，分隔do work 做功dock 泊靠draft 吃水draftsman 绘图员 drag 阻力Drainage 排(泄)水draught(=draft) 吃水，草图，设计图，牵引力drawing office 绘图室 dredge 挖泥船drift 飘移，偏航drilling rig 钻架 dry dock 干船坞5、E类eddy 旋涡electrohydraulic 电动液压的electroplater 电镀工 elevations 高度，高程，船型线图的侧面图、立视图，纵剖线图 enclosed fabrication shop 封闭式装配车间end on 端对准 endurance 续航力endurance 续航性 entrance 进流段 erection (船体)组装erection 装配，安装 expedient 权宜之计extrapolate 外插f. p. = forward perpendicular 艏柱fair 光顺 fair 光顺fastening 坚固件,紧固法fatigue 疲劳 feasibility study 可行性研究 fender 护舷ferry 渡轮，渡口，渡运航线ferry 轮渡(载运) fillet weld connection 贴角焊连接fine fast ship 纤细(细长)高速船 fine form 瘦长(细长)船形Flank 侧面, 侧翼, 侧攻flanking rudders 侧翼舵flare 外飘，外张flat of keel 平板龙骨fleets of vessels 船队 flexural 挠曲的float 浮动时间 floating drydock 浮船坞 flood 进水，泛滥floodable length curve 可浸长度曲线 flow pattern 流型，流线谱flow of materials 物流 flush 平贴，磨光forging 锻件，锻造 form coefficient 船形系数forming operation 成型加工 forward/after perpendicular 艏/艉柱forward/after shoulder 前/后肩 foundry casting 翻砂铸造 foundryman 铸造翻砂工 frame 船肋骨，框架，桁架frame 框架 freeboard 干舷freeboard 干舷freeboard 干舷freeboard deck 干舷甲板 freight rate 运费率fresh water 淡水 frictional resistance 摩擦阻力Froude number 傅汝德数full form 丰满船形full form ship 丰满船型 fullness 丰满度funnel 烟囱galley (船舰，飞机的)厨房Gantt Chart 施工进度表 general arrangement 总布置general arrangement 总布置 Germanischer Lloyd (德国)劳埃德船级社 girder 桁，梁gradient 梯度grating 格栅 Green Book (船级社)绿皮书 (登录快速远洋船) ground level building site 平地建造场 group technology 成组建造技术grouting 填缝、灌浆 guided-missile cruiser 导弹巡洋舰habitability 适居性half breadth plan 半宽图handling equipment 装卸设备 hard chine 尖舭headroom 净空高度heave 垂荡 heel 横倾heel 柱脚，踵材，底基，倾斜 hog 中拱hogging 中拱 hold 船舱hole 水流深凹处homogeneous cylinder 均质柱状体hopper barge (自动)倾卸驳 hostile sea 凶险的波浪hostile sea 汹涌波浪 hull block 船体垫块，船体支座 hull form 船形hull form 船形 HVAC (=heating, ventilating and cooling) 取暖，通风与冷却hydraulic mechanism 液压机构 hydrodynamic 水动力学的hydrofoil 水翼hydrostatic 水静力的icebreaker 破冰船icebreaker 破冰船identified as Essential Changes 标记作“必备变更项” immerse 浸入 immerse 浸没impact load 冲击载荷imperial unit 英制单位impression 模槽，型腔，印痕，印象in strake 内列板 in way of…在…处inboard profile 纵剖面图 In-depth analysis 深入研究initial stability at small angle of inclination 小倾角初稳性insulation 绝缘，隔离Intact stability 完整稳性Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization 国际海事质询组织Intergovernmental Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO) 国际政府间海事质询组织International Association of Classification Society (IACS) 国际船级社联合会International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (ICSOLAS) 海上生命安全性国际公约International Towing Tank Conference 国际船模试验水池会议intersection 交点，交叉，横断(切)intervening deck 居中甲板introduces a bill 提出一项议案 issue periodically 定期发布(公布)iterative process 选代过程jack 千斤顶 janitorial 勤杂工，房屋照管者joggle 折曲，榫接，弯合 joiner 安装工joiner 细木工(匠)joinery 细木工keel laying 开始船舶建造(原意为“铺设龙骨架”) Kips (= kilo-pounds) 千磅laborer 力工Land borne 陆基的，装在陆地的 landing craft 登陆艇large tank and sphere 大型油罐和球罐launch 发射，下水launching equipment（向水中）投放设备launching way (船舶)下水滑道 LCC(Large Crude Carrier）大型原油轮（载重10~20万吨）lead time 设计至投产、定货至交货的时间 legislation 立法length between perpendicular 两柱间长leveler 调平器，矫平机，矫直机life saving appliance 救生设备 life-cycle cost 生命周期成本lift fan 升力风扇lift offsets 量取型值Light ship weight 空船重量 lighter 港驳船likely 多半，可能line 型线liner 定期航班船liner trade 定期班轮营运业lines plan 型线图liquefied gas carrier 液化气运输船list 倾斜, 表living and utility spaces 居住与公用舱室Lloyd’s Machinery Certificate (LMC) 劳埃德(船舶)机械证书Lloyd’s Register of Shipping (英国)劳埃德船级社Lloyds Rules 劳埃德(船级社)规范LNG containment 液化天然气容器Load Line Regulation 载重线公约、规范load waterline 载重水线load waterplane 载重水线面loft floor 放样台full scale 全尺度loftman 放样工loftman 放样工longitudinal 纵向的longitudinal 纵向的，纵梁longitudinal prismatic coefficient 纵向棱形系数machinery vendor 机械(主机)卖方magnet gantry 磁力式龙门吊maiden voyage 处女航main shafting 主轴系major ship 大型船舶maneuverability 操纵性maritime 海事的，海运的，靠海的，沿海的mark out 划线，划记号marshal 调度mast 桅杆maximum beam amidships 舯最大宽member 部件merchant ship 商船metacenter 稳心metacentric height 稳心高metal plate bath 金属板电镀槽metal worker 金属工metric unit 公制单位midbody （船）中体middle line plane 中线面midship area coefficient 舯横剖面系数midship section 舯横剖面midship section coefficient 舯横剖面系数mill shape 轧钢厂型材module assembly 模块式组装mold loft floor (型线)放样间地板molded lines 型线molder 造型工mould loft 放样间moulded line 型线multihull vessel 多体船Multi-ship program 多种船型建造规划nautical mile 海里naval architect 造船师naval architecture 造船工程naval ship 军船naval architecture 造船学nearuniversal gear 准万向齿轮network flow 网络流程neutral equilibrium 中性平衡normal 法向，法向的，正交的normal force 法向力normal operating condition 常规(正常)运作工况notch 开槽，开凹口Off the shelf 成品的，畅销的，流行的off-center loading 偏移中心的装载offsets 型值offshore drilling 离岸钻井oil-rig 钻油架operational requirement 军事行动需求，运作要求orient 取向，定方位，调整orthogonal 正交的，矩形的out strake 外列板outboard profile 侧视图outfit 舾装outfitter 舾装工outfitting 舾装overall stability 总体稳性overhang 外悬overstocking 存货过剩owner’s staff 船东的雇(职)员paint priming 涂底漆Panama Canal 巴拿马运河panel line system 板材生产线系统parallel middle body 平行中体patternmaker 木模工payload 有效载荷permanent body 永久性组织机构perpendicular（船艏、艉）柱，垂直的，正交的pillar 支柱pin 钉，销pin jig 限位胎架pintle 销，枢轴pipe fitter 管装工pipe laying barge (海底) 铺管驳船piping 管路pitch 纵摇plan views 设计图planing hull 滑行船体pleasure ship 游乐用船Plimsoll line 普林索尔载重线polar-exploration craft 极地考察船Polaris (submarine) 北极星级(潜艇)port 左舷portable gate 移动式(可移动)闸门positive righting arm 扶正力臂power and lighting system 动力与照明系统preliminary design 初步设计preliminary/concept design 初步/概念设计pressure vessel 压力容器principal dimensions 主尺度prism 棱柱体prismatic coefficient 棱形系数procurement 采购，获得Program Evaluation and Review Technique 规划评估与复核法quartering sea 尾斜浪, 从船斜后方来的浪quay(横)码头，停泊所racking 倾斜，变形，船体扭转变形radiography X射线照相术，X射线探伤rake 倾角,倾斜ram pressure 速压头，冲压，全压力rectangle 矩形reenlistment 重征服役Registo Italiano Navale (意大利)船级社remedial action 补救措施reserve buoyancy 储备浮力reserve buoyancy 储备浮力residuary resistance 剩余阻力resultant 合力resultant 合力retract 收进revolving crane 旋转式(鹤)吊，转臂吊(车)Reynolds number 雷诺数rigger 索具装配工rigid side walls 刚性侧壁rise of floor 底升risk 保险对象，保险金额rivering warfare vessel 内河舰艇rivet 铆接，铆钉roll 横摇rolled angle butt (轧制)角钢焊接头roll-on/roll-off(RO-RO) 滚装rough sea 汹涌的波浪round of beam 梁拱rounded gunwale 修园的舷边rubber tile 橡皮瓦rudder post 舵柱rudder 舵rudder rate 舵率rudder stock 舵杆run 去流段Sag 中垂sagging 中垂scale 缩尺，尺度，尺scale model 缩尺船模scantling 材积sea keeping performance 耐波性能seasickness 晕船seaworthiness 适航性section 剖面，横剖面sections (铁、钢)型材，轧材self-induced 自身诱导的semi finished item 半精加工件semisubmersible drilling rig 半潜式钻井架set course 设定的航线set course 设定航线shaft bossing 轴包套shaft bracket 轴支架shear 剪切，剪力sheer aft 艉舷弧sheer forward 艏舷弧sheer drawing 剖面图sheer plane 纵剖面sheer profile 纵剖线sheer profile 纵剖图sheer(甲板)舷弧sheet metal work 钣金工，冷作工shell plating 船壳板shell 船壳板ship fitter 船舶装配工ship fitter 船体安装工ship fitter 舰船装配工ship form 船型ship Hydrodynamics 水动力学ship owner 船东shipping line 船运航线shipway (造)船台shipwright 船体装配工，造船工人shipyard 船厂shipyard 船厂shipyard schedule chart 船厂施工进度图shoring 支撑，支柱shoulder 船肩sideways 朝侧向six degrees of freedom 六自由度sizable 相当大的skirt（气垫船）围裙slamming 砰击，拍击slice 一部分，薄片sloping shipway 有坡度船台，滑道soft chine 圆舭spare part 备件specially prepared form 专门(特殊)加工的模板spectrum 谱speed-to-length ratio 速长比stability 稳性stable equilibrium 稳定平衡standard 规章starboard 右舷static equilibrium 静平衡statically determinant 静定的statistical 统计学(上)的steel marking 钢板划线steering gear 操纵装置steering gear 操纵装置，舵机stem 船艏stem contour 艏柱型线stern 艉stern frame 艉构架，艉框架stern wave 艉波stiffen 加劲，加强stiffener 肋骨strain 应变strake 船体列板stringent safety regulations 严格的安全规章structural alignment 结构校准，组合，组装strut 支柱，支撑构形subassembly (局部)分部装配subdivision 分舱sublet 转包，分包，转租submersible 潜器suction cup 吸盘Suez Canal Tonnage 苏伊士运河吨位限制summer load water line 夏季载重水线super cavitating propeller超空泡螺旋桨superintendent 监督管理人，总段长，车间主任superstructure 上层建筑supertanker 超级油轮supervision of the Society’s surveyor 船级社验船师的监造surface piercing 穿透水面的surface preparation and coating 表面加工处理与喷涂surge 纵荡surmount 顶上覆盖，越过survivability 生存力SWATCH(Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull) 小水线面双体船sway 横荡switchboard 控制台，开关板tabular freeboard 列成表格的干舷值tacker 定位搭焊工talking paper 讨论文件tangential viscous force 切向粘性力tanker 油轮tanker 油轮tantamount 等值的，相当的taper 弄细，变尖tee T形构件，三通管template 样板tensile stress 拉(张)应力The Register of Shipping of the People’s Republic of China 中国船舶检验局The Titanic 泰克尼克号(巨型邮轮)there is more shape to the shell 船壳板的形状较复杂titanic 巨大的to be craft oriented 与行业有关的，适应于行业性的to run the waterlines 绘制水线toed towards amidships 趾部朝向船舯ton gross=gross ton 长吨=1. 016公吨tonnage 吨位torque 扭矩torsio 扭转的trade 工种, 贸易trailer type transporter 拖车式载运车transfer sideways 横向移动transom (stern) 方尾transverse 横向的transverse bulkhead plating 横隔舱壁板transverse section 横剖面transverse stability 横稳性trawling 拖网trial 实船试验trim 纵倾trim 纵倾trim by the stern/bow 艉/艏倾trimaran 三体船trough 波谷tugboat 拖船tumble home(船侧)内倾Type A ship A类船U form U型U. S. Coast Guard 美国海岸警卫队ULCC(Ultra Large Crude Carrier）超级大型原油轮（载重量>40万吨）ultrasonic 超声波的\underwriter (海运)保险商undock 使船出坞upright position 正浮位置V shaped V型的ventilation and air conditioning diagram 通风与空调敷设设计图vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向棱形系数vertical prismatic coefficient 垂向棱形系数vicinity 邻近，附近villain 坏人，罪魁viscosity 粘性VLCC(Very Large Crude Carrier）巨型（原）油轮（载重量>20万吨）V-sectionV型剖面wash 下洗 ,艉流water line 水线waterborne 浮于水上的，水基的waterplane 水线面waterplane area coefficient 水线面积系数watertight integrity 水密完整性wave pattern 波型wavemaking resistance 兴波阻力weather deck 露天甲板weld inspection 焊缝检测welder 焊工weldment 焊件，焊接装配wetted surface 湿面积wing shaft 侧轴yacht 快艇yard issue 船厂开工任务发布书yaw 艏摇yaw 艏摇，摇艏。

高速船航态模拟与阻力预报CFD方法应用

高速船航态模拟与阻力预报CFD方法应用韩翔希;赵成璧;唐友宏;林慰;曹艺龄【摘要】Compared with the low-speed boat,high-speed boat's navigation state is quite different.It has significant impaction on the ship's resistance.The resistance prediction of such a vessel must consider the ship's navigation state.Little information on the planning craft vertical and longitudinal movement theory prediction can be found.Here,the dynamic mesh is used to simulate ship navigation state.Meanwhile,in order to ensure the calculation continuity and stability,in discrete time domain.UDF was used to control the ship motion,according to the force of the hull.This study is based on the FLUENT platform to calculate the three-dimensional hull resistance with the consideration of the navigation state.The calculation results show that this method of ship hydrodynamic prediction is feasible.%中高速船在航行状态下,其航态与低速航行相比有较大的不同,对船舶的阻力有明显的影响.因此,此类船舶的阻力预报必须考虑船舶航行姿态的影响.现有公开发表的关于滑行艇垂向+纵向运动理论预报研究的资料不多见.基于Fluent平台对三维船体航态对阻力的影响进行研究,采用动网格技术模拟船舶的航态；同时,为了保证计算的连续性与稳定性,利用FLUENT二次开发平台,编写UDF程序,在离散的时间域内根据船体的受力对船舶运动进行干涉.计算结果表明该方法对船舶的水动力预报问题具有可行性.【期刊名称】《科学技术与工程》【年(卷),期】2013(013)021【总页数】8页(P6176-6183)【关键词】船舶阻力预报;航态;动网格;UDF【作者】韩翔希;赵成璧;唐友宏;林慰;曹艺龄【作者单位】华南理工大学土木与交通学院,澳大利亚南澳5042,船舶与海洋工程系,510641;华南理工大学土木与交通学院,澳大利亚南澳5042,船舶与海洋工程系,510641;澳大利亚福林德斯大学计算机科学工程和数学学院,澳大利亚南澳5042;华南理工大学土木与交通学院,澳大利亚南澳5042,船舶与海洋工程系,510641;华南理工大学土木与交通学院,澳大利亚南澳5042,船舶与海洋工程系,510641【正文语种】中文【中图分类】U674.942低速船航行时船体下坐和纵倾不大，航态基本与静止状态相同，对阻力的影响不明显，预报阻力时可以不予考虑;而对于高航速的船舶，如滑行艇，船体下坐和纵倾通常比较明显，以设计浮态为基准的阻力预报结果与实际航行阻力差距一般较大。

基于adams的小车式起落架着陆及全机滑跑动态仿真

Key Words: track-like landing gear dynamic simulation landing full aircraft taxing ADAMS
ii
基于 ADAMS 的小车式起落架着陆及全机滑跑动态仿真
图清单
图 2.1 多体系统动力学建模与求解一般过程 .....................................................8 图 2.2 ADAMS 软件求解方法及过程....................................................................... 11 图 2.3 飞机数字功能样机组成 ...........................................................................14 图 3.1 小车式起落架的结构 ...............................................................................16 图 3.2 小车式起落架结构模型 ...........................................................................18 图 3.3 外筒受力图 ...............................................................................................18 图 3.4 内筒受力图 ...............................................................................................19 图 3.5 车架受力图 ...............................................................................................20 图 3.6 后轮受力图 ...............................................................................................20 图 3.7 前轮受力模型 ...........................................................................................21 图 3.8 缓冲器结构模型 .......................................................................................22 图 3.9 缓冲器受力图 ...........................................................................................24 图 3.10 圆角方形截面结构 .................................................................................25 图 4.1 起落架 CATIA 三维建模..........................................................................29 图 4.2 设计过程 Step 函数结果曲线 ..................................................................31 图 4.3 IMPACT 函数示意图.................................................................................32 图 4.4 ADAMS 仿真模型 .....................................................................................32 图 4.5 缓冲器随行程变化曲线 ...........................................................................35 图 4.6 空气弹簧力随行程变化曲线 ...................................................................35 图 4.7 油液阻尼力随行程变化曲线 ...................................................................35 图 4.8 缓冲器的功量图 .......................................................................................36 图 4.9 轮胎作用力 ...............................................................................................36 图 4.10 后轮冲击载荷 .........................................................................................37 图 4.11 前轮冲击载荷..........................................................................................37 图 4.12 缓冲器行程变化曲线 .............................................................................38 图 4.13 不同重量下的缓冲器行程 .....................................................................39 图 4.14 不同重量下起落架对机身的冲击载荷 .................................................39 图 4.15 空气弹簧力随行程变化的比较曲线 .....................................................40 图 4.16 缓冲器的功量图 .....................................................................................41 图 5.1 理想的变油孔面积曲线形式 ...................................................................46

“育鲲”轮参数横摇的数值模拟及分析

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‘ 鲲＂参数横摇的数值模拟及分析 ‘ 育轮
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ISO 15016—2015及其对实船测速的影响分析

NA V AL ARCHITECTURE AND OCEAN ENGINEERING 船舶与海洋工程2017年第33卷第5期（总第117期）DOI：10.14056/ki.naoe.2017.05.016ISO 15016—2015及其对实船测速的影响分析余欣，陈胜兰，蔡跃胜（沪东中华造船（集团）有限公司，上海 200129）摘要：通过介绍ISO 15016—2015的提出背景、基本内容和计算方法，给出在实船测速中应注意的事项。

结合已完成的3艘8.2万dwt系列散货船实船测速、速度修正计算的实例，分析各环境因素对修正计算结果的影响。

分析认为：对于该系列的3艘船，在特定的环境条件下，波浪、温度和风是影响航速/功率分析结果的主要因素。

关键词：ISO 15016—2015；8.2万dwt系列散货船；实船测速；环境因素中图分类号：U661.78 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-4069 (2017) 05-0082-05Analysis of ISO 15016-2015 and its Effecton the Speed-test in Sea TrialYU Xin，CHEN Sheng-lan，CAI Yue-sheng（Hudong-Zhonghua Shipbuilding (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200129, China）Abstract: This paper introduces the background, the basic contents and the calculation method of ISO 15016-2015 and gives some advices to the speed test of the sea trial. The influence of different environmental factors on the speed correction calculation is analyzed based on result of the sea trial speed tests and the speed correction calculations of three 82000dwt bulk carriers. The conclusion shows that wave, temperature and wind are the main environmental factors influencing the results of speed/power analysis of the three ships under specific environmental conditions.Key words:ISO 15016-2015; 82000dwt series bulk carriers; speed-test of sea trial; environmental factor0引言ISO 15016—2002[1]（以下简称ISO 2002）是由国际标准化组织（International Standardization Organization，ISO）在2002年11月3日发布实施的，目的是为试航结果提供一种标准化的分析方法。

救助船模拟器中Stewart摇摆台运动仿真

救助船模拟器中Stewart摇摆台运动仿真张晓磊; 熊伟; 王祖温; 陈伟才【期刊名称】《《液压与气动》》【年(卷),期】2019(000)010【总页数】7页(P50-56)【关键词】Stewart摇摆台; 运动学分析; 虚拟装配; 船舶摇荡; 短峰不规则波【作者】张晓磊; 熊伟; 王祖温; 陈伟才【作者单位】大连海事大学船舶机电装备研究所辽宁大连116026; 北京机械工业自动化研究所有限公司北京100120【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TH137; TP242; U661引言海上事故发生时，常伴有大风大浪等恶劣天气。

作为最有效地救援方式之一，常以出动救助船来实施海上救援[1]。

实际的波浪更接近短峰不规则波，在这种恶劣的天气中，救助船会出现大幅度摇荡运动，横摇角有时甚至超过30°。

为模拟救助船在真实海况中的动态响应，有必要在救助船操纵模拟器中，引入六自由度Stewart 并联运动平台，对救助人员进行海况适应性训练[2-3]。

船舶操纵模拟器主要分为4个等级，即功能完备、多功能、有限功能和单一功能。

功能完备的模拟器，其行为真实感要求具有六自由度运动功能，可通过船舶运动数学模型、视景系统和Stewart平台来实现。

现有船舶模拟器的标准中，没有明确提出对Stewart平台模拟不同海况下船舶运动的相关技术要求[4-5]。

因此，本研究将船舶的运动与Stewart平台相结合，运用理论和仿真的方法实现Stewart平台模拟船舶运动，这为救助船模拟器的研究及相关标准制定，提供一种可靠有效的方法。

在Stewart平台运动仿真方面，为直观的分析机构在不同位姿下各液压缸伸缩量的变化，赵静一等[6]在MATLAB/Simulink中建立基于运动学反解算法的仿真模型，对Stewart平台的6个单自由度的液压缸运动进行仿真，通过仿真曲线可直接观察各液压缸活塞杆伸缩量的变化规律，但仍然是以二维曲线的形式来研究Stewart平台的运动。

基于高斯烟羽模型的船舶尾气扩散研究

基于高斯烟羽模型的船舶尾气扩散研究付金宇;李颖【期刊名称】《海洋通报》【年(卷),期】2018(037)002【摘要】In order to effectively control the air pollution and analyze the ship's tail gas in the port area,this article introduced in detail a MATLAB simulation model of ship's exhaust-gas diffusion based ont Gaussian plume model.It includes experimental simulation process,technical principle and theoretical model.The model is based on the traditional Gaussian plume model,and input-data of real source and reflection source are selected by weighting.The direction of gas diffusion is determined by vector synthesis,and the simulation is carried out by using the "wind speed",which effectively simulates the gas diffusion model of the ship exhaust in the port area or the marine environment.It is concluded that the model is simple and can effectively simulate the ship exhaust gas diffusion.And it further analyzed the precise optimization of the follow-up model.%为有效对港区大气污染进行治理、分析船舶尾气,本文详细介绍了一种基于高斯烟羽模型,通过MATLAB模拟仿真模型,其包括实验仿真过程、技术原理及理论模型对船舶尾气扩散进行的研究.该模型是在传统的高斯烟羽模型的基础上,通过对实源像源进行加权选择输入参数;通过矢量合成确定了气体扩散的方向,利用合成后的“风速”进行计算仿真,有效模拟了船舶尾气在港区或者海洋环境中的气体扩散模型.其模型简单且可以有效模拟船舶尾气扩散.并且进一步对后续模型的精确优化进行分析.【总页数】6页(P235-240)【作者】付金宇;李颖【作者单位】大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连 116026;大连海事大学环境信息研究所,辽宁大连 116026;大连海事大学航海学院,辽宁大连 116026;大连海事大学环境信息研究所,辽宁大连 116026【正文语种】中文【中图分类】X51【相关文献】1.基于高斯模式的天津机动车尾气扩散模拟研究 [J], 崔晨;刘伟;毛洪钧;吴琳2.基于高斯烟羽模型的铁路气体类危险货物泄漏扩散研究 [J], 李丹;杨睿;宋辉3.基于高斯烟羽模型的山区含硫天然气泄漏扩散研究 [J], 陈坤;刘德欢;李开放;魏鑫4.基于OSPM模式的机动车尾气扩散模型研究综述 [J], 宁义龙5.通航隧洞船舶尾气排放扩散数值模拟研究 [J], 汪瑞;黄立文;谢澄;邓健因版权原因，仅展示原文概要，查看原文内容请购买。

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Aerodynamic Simulation of A Containership to Evaluate CargoConfiguration Effect on Frontal Wind Loads

Hamed MAJIDIAN, Farhood AZARSINA*Department of Naval Architecture, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran 1477893855, IranReceived December 25, 2016; revised April 29, 2017; accepted June 12, 2017

©2018 Chinese Ocean Engineering Society and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer NatureAbstractFuel consumption has always been a matter of concern for ships propulsion. In this research we aim to developcomputer models of several containership cargo stacking configurations and discuss an optimal configuration at aconstant front wind speed. The paper presents the simulation results by using ANSYS CFX for a 1:4 scale Post-Panamax 9000 TEU containership. The ship is modelled in a cubic domain that contains unstructured mesh withdetails, in such a way that can demonstrate the influence of the container configuration on wind force. Also thenumerical results are verified versus wind tunnel test data. An optimal stack configuration led to about 25%reduction in air resistance. It is proposed that in order to reduce the wind drag force and consequently reduce the fuelconsumption and pollutant emissions, empty spaces between the cargo containers and unbalanced cargo distributionover the deck should be inhibited. Also, it is advised to make the cargo distribution on the most forward and aftwarddeck areas more streamlined.

Key words: containership, numerical simulation, wind force, cargo stacking optimization

Citation: Majidian, H., Azarsina, F., 2018. Aerodynamic simulation of a containership to evaluate cargo configuration effect on frontal windloads. China Ocean Eng., 32(2): 196–205, doi: https://doi.org/10.1007/s13344-018-0021-1

1 IntroductionGenerally, in calm sea state, wind resistance comprises3% to 5% of the total ship resistance (Moonesun, 2010) butfor containerships which possess large windage area, windresistance comprises significant amount of total resistanceabout 2% to 10% (Minsaas and Steen, 2008). The windforces on a ship generally influence the ship by increasingthe induced resistance. The longitudinal force generally con-stitutes the largest part of the total wind induced resistance.The transverse force causes yaw, drift and deviation of ves-sel from the desired course, which can cause the added res-istance in two ways: (i) the ship’s heading will not bealigned with the steered course which leads to great resist-ance; (ii) the drift must be compensated for, which meansthat the rudder angle must be increased repeatedly. Increas-ing the rudder angle will also increase resistance; this leadsto wearing out of steering gear system and increase of fuelconsumption and gas emission, especially during extendedperiods of execution. Magnitude of resistance comparedwith the longitudinal force is discussed by Andersson(1978) and van Berlekom (1981). According to Andersson(1978), the induced resistance from the increased rudderangle plays an insignificant role, while according to vanBerlekom (1981), it can be of the same magnitude as thelongitudinal force for stronger winds. Generally, the longit-udinal force is of greatest importance for the propulsion res-istance. Its share in the total resistance has been discussedby van Berlekom (1981) and Aage (1968). According to vanBerlekom (1981), the wave and wind resistance are of thesame magnitude. However, Aage (1968) stated that thewind resistance rarely contributed to more than 10% of thetotal resistance.For the first time it was concluded by Blendermann(1997) that the wind forces are influenced by containerstacking configuration. Blendermann (1997) stated that theuneven bay heights increase the wind resistance. A shipwith randomly stacked containers on deck compared with afully stacked ship experiences significantly higher longitud-inal force, smaller transverse force, smaller roll moment,and smaller yaw moment (Blendermann, 1997).Andersson’s (1978) test results for the longitudinal forceare summarized as (i) less significant effect between emptyship and a ship which only carries containers on the aftdeck; (ii) a significant effect due to container configurationon the fore deck; (iii) irregularities such as many emptybays have a significant effect of up to 70%–100% increasedforce compared with the fully stacked reference ship; (iv)full load on the fore deck and streamlining of the aft deck isthe most favorable one of the 19 tested configurations.Andersen (2012a, 2012b) presented experiments with