高考英语阅读理解长难句解析整理版
高中英语长难句分析(附历年高考长难句100例)

高中英语长难句分析(附历年高考长难句100例)阅读理解得分低,往往是因为文章看不懂,文章中的句子之所以难以理解,有许多原因,其中一个主要原因是句子太长或者句子结构复杂。
句子过长或者复杂通常是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分,如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等等。
下面我们来谈谈几种英语阅读长难句的处理方法。
如何处理长难句?1. 找谓语,找定语一般情况下,一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语),我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。
而且,如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词,则该句可能是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
如:People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.【句意】二十一年来,象牙交易一直被明令禁止,人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎,导致大象数量减少。
【分析】that 引导宾语从句,从句中谓语动词是encourage和hurt,根据逻辑意义,可知encourage和hurt 的主语是动名词短语weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory。
2. 提主干,去枝叶一般情况下,一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息,从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。
若句子的主干提炼不出来,就不能完全把握句子的核心意义,从而导致思维混乱,主次不分。
如:Economists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【句意】来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果,这项研究是一个历时15年的课题,它记录了数千名在美国20世纪90年代中期上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(211-212)讲义-高考英语一轮复习

一、长难句翻译1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”2.The ability to accurately understand how others are feeling may be used by a doctor to find how best to help her patients, while a cheater might use it to control potential victims.二、长难句翻译解析1.Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence as almost everything desirable in a person’s makeup that cannot be measured by an IQ test, such as character, motivation, confidence, mental stability, optimism and “people skills.”【语法拓展一个句子告诉你有多少种修饰名词的方法】①内容分析今天的句子难度并不高。
句中除了主干以外,涉及as的用法、that定语从句和such as并列列举,都是我们之前曾经讲到过的。
句子主干Many people now misunderstand emotional intelligence许多人现在错误理解情感智商主干部分没有任何难度,就是核心词汇的认知考察。
高考英语阅读长难句分析100句

高考英语阅读长难句分析100句1. According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.依照最近的一项调查,每年有4,000,000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。
2. The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with homework.最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。
3. No invention has received more praise and abuse than Internet.没有一项发明像互联网一样同时受到如此多的赞扬和批评。
4. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does notend with graduation.人们似乎忽视了教育不应该随着毕业而结束这一事实。
5. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education isnot complete with graduation.越来越多的人开始意识到教育不能随着毕业而结束。
6. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that educationis a lifetime study.说到教育,大部分人认为其是一个终生的学习。
7. Many experts point out that physical exercise contributes directly to a person's physical fitness.许多专家指出体育锻炼直接有助于身体健康。
高考高中英语阅读理解-长难句分析详解

高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析详解You will discover that our focus has broadened to include well-researched, timely and informative articles on finance, home improvement, travel, humor, and many other fields. (选自2011年北京卷阅读理解B篇)内容分析这个句子其实不复杂,就是一个普通的宾语从句。
句子的核心部分只有这些:You will discover that our focus has broadened你会发现,我们的焦点拓宽了。
这个简单的宾语从句各位应该都能看明白。
而整句之所以变得复杂,主要来自于两方面原因:1、to include的内容补充;2、and多者并列的短语结构出现两次。
我们首先说to include的内容补充。
在上面的核心部分里,说到“焦点拓宽了”,那么具体怎么拓宽了呢?把原有的核心部分和to do的补充合在一起,就变成了这样:You will discover that our focus has broadened to include articles你会发现,我们的焦点拓宽了。
为了干什么?为了包括一些文章。
句子使用to do对前面的内容进行补充,这是to do结构的重要功能之一。
类似的情况其实非常常见,比如下面的例子:I am glad to see you.我很高兴。
为什么高兴呢,补充“见到你”。
He showed me a way to study English.他给我展示了一个方法。
什么方法呢?补充“学习英语”。
然后我们再来看and多者并列的短语结构。
句子的内容在继续扩充。
我们的焦点拓宽了——为了干什么?——为了包括一些文章——什么样的文章?这时你会发现,我们需要对“articles文章”这个名词进行具体内容的展开。
高考英语长难句分析加答案

1.These days, safety regulations-not to mention the modern sports fan’s desire for a good view and comfortable seat—tend to keep stadium capacities slightly lower.【解析】【句意】2.For the biggest stadiums in the world, we have used data supplied by the World Atlas list so far, which ranks them by their stated permanent capacity, as well as updated information from official stadium websites.【解析】【句意】3.Of those Australians who still have a landline, a third concede that it’s not really necessary and th ey’re keeping it as a security blanket — 19 percent say they never use it while a further 13 percent keep it in case of emergencies.【解析】【句意】4.That said, to be honest the only people who ever ring our home phone are our Baby Boomers parents, to the point where we play a game and guess who is calling before we pick up the phone(using Caller ID would take the fun out of it).【解析】【句意】1.【生词】1. regulation 章程、法规、条例2. mention 提及、谈到3. capacity 容量、能力【解析】①desire for a good view and comfortable seat中的for a good view and comfortable seat是介词短语做desire的后置定语,来修饰desire,意为:对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望;【句意】如今,安全规定—更不用说现代体育迷对良好视野和舒适座位的渴望—往往使体育场的容量略低。
2024届高考英语二轮复习2017年-2023-2024年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(223-224

2024届高考英语二轮复习2017年-2023-2024年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(223-224)讲义- 长难句翻译By the time 250,000 were on the bridge, engineers noticed something terrible: the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest load it had ever been asked to carry.Readers will encounter not only stories they have heard before, but some new stories and a moving discussion of the responsibility of the engineer to the public and the ways young engineers can be helped to grasp them.长难句翻译解析By the time 250,000 were on the bridge, engineers noticed something terrible: the roadway was flattening under what turned out to be the heaviest load it had ever been asked to carry.【阅读逻辑拓展:用一个句子告诉您如何在阅读文章时快速分析句子】①内容分析今天的句子挺有意思,能够非常清晰地体现阅读理解该怎么阅读,又该怎么理解。
冒号把句子分成前后两部分,前一部分特别简单,后一部分特别复杂。
By the time 250,000 were on the bridge, engineers noticed something terrible前半句重点词只有一个:terrible。
高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析详解
高考高中英语阅读理解长难句分析详解原句This tendency to slow down and become more cautious when decisions are risky might also help explain why women are less likely to become addicted than men: they may more often avoid making the risky choices that eventually harden into addiction.(选自2012年北京卷阅读理解C篇)内容分析如果上周的句子分析讲解各位足够熟悉,面对这个乱七八糟的句子,各位是否能自己试着拆分后回答下面的问题?提问:这句话可以拆分成几个部分?A. 4B. 5C. 6D. 7别忘了咱们说过的英文句式规则:1、绝大多数情况下,从句是从引导词开始的,你要在引导词的旁边把它断开;2、遇到没有动作发出者的谓语动词,也可能需要断开;3、一个句子一个谓语动词,如果需要两个或以上,则要有连词。
开始拆分。
This tendency to slow down and become more cautious句子主语和to do的内容补充when decisions are riskywhen从句引导词断开might also help explain无动作发出者的谓语动词断开why women are less likely to become addicted than men: why从句引导词断开they may more often avoid making the risky choices完整句that eventually harden into addiction.that从句引导词断开正确答案是C,一共要拆分成六个部分。
各位自己看看,是否能完成上面的要求呢?我们来挨个部分看,这个句子是很好的对于前面内容的复习。
高考阅读理解专题:18个英语长难句
长难句解题思路1. 首先寻找连词:连词包含并列连词,从属连词和关系词,并且依据连词将长句划分成短句;2. 依据五大句型基本结构,判断短句的句子成分。
注意区分谓语动词和非谓语动词(现在分词,动名词,过去分词,不定式),明确句子的谓语动词,剥离定语,状语,从而确定句子的基本结构。
第1句:时间状语从句,定语从句When he returned, the boy was able to describe everything he had seen to the old man.长句分析:(1) when 引导的是时间状语从句;(2) he had seen: 是一个定语从句,修饰先行词everything. 由于定语从句缺少宾语,因此省略了关系代词that。
注意:先行词为不定代词everything时,关系代词不可使用Which;(3) to the old man: 是做动词describe的宾语补足语;(4) describe: 描述. Describe something to somebody : 向某人描述某物;长句翻译: 当他回来时,这个男孩能向老人描述他所看到的一切。
第2句:目的状语从句,宾语从句The robot will have to have a certain way to receive the program so that it knows what it is to do.长句分析:(1) so that : 引导了一个目的状语从句,so 前面的句子是主句,that 后面的句子是目的状语从句;(2) what 引导的是it knows的宾语从句,充当knows的宾语,it 是指示代词,指代的是robot. What在宾语从句中充当do的宾语;(3) have to : 不得不;劝告或建议时用;表示一定真实或肯定发生;(4) have a way to do something : 拥有做某事的方法;长句翻译:机器人必须有一个特定的方式来接收程序,这样它才能知道它要做什么。
2017年-2023年高考英语阅读真题长难句解析(275-276)讲义-高三英语一轮复习
一、长难句翻译1.Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.2.Even though Britain has a reputation for lessthanimpressive cuisine, it is producing more top class chefs who appear frequently on our television screens and whose recipe books frequently top the best seller lists.二、长难句翻译解析1.Still, looking back on the photos, they are some of my best shots though they could have been so much better// if I would have been prepared and managed my time wisely.这是2023年全国乙卷阅读理解B篇记叙文的最后一句话,也是这篇文章最后一道题解题对应的信息。
各位可以自己看看,你是否能飞快地选出正确答案,又或者是否会像23届考生一样在考场上纠结这样一道简单题?最重要的是,想做对这道题,你需要具备什么基础知识,又需要什么样的解题思路?7. How does the author find his photos taken at Devil’s Lake?A. Amusing.B. Satisfying.C. Encouraging.D. forting.首先来完成断句的任务。
高考英语长难句解析
高考英语长难句解析长难句在高考英语考试中常常出现,对于许多考生来说是一大难题。
本文将对高考英语中的长难句进行解析,帮助考生更好地应对这一部分考题。
一、1. 复杂句复杂句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成。
从句可以是名词性从句、形容词性从句或者副词性从句。
复杂句常常以连接词(如that, whether, if, because, although等)引导从句。
举例:- She said that she would come to the party.(名词性从句)- I am not sure whether it will rain tomorrow.(名词性从句)- The car, which is red, belongs to my sister.(形容词性从句)- Although it was raining, we still went for a walk.(副词性从句)2. 并列句并列句由两个或多个并列的主句构成,主句之间用逗号或者连接词(如and, but, or等)连接。
举例:- He is good at math, but his sister is good at English.(用逗号连接)- You can go swimming, or you can stay at home and watch TV.(用连接词连接)3. 倒装句倒装句是将谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前,用于强调某个部分内容。
在高考英语中,常常出现以下几种倒装句形式:完全倒装、部分倒装和地点状语倒装。
举例:- Only when I arrived at the station did I realize that I had forgotten my ticket.(完全倒装)- Not only does she play the piano, but she also sings beautifully.(部分倒装)- In front of the house stands a tall tree.(地点状语倒装)4. 强调句强调句用于强调某个成分,通常通过将be动词后面的形容词、副词或介词短语提前来实现。
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高考英语阅读理解长难句解析第一部分:高中英语长难句解析在阅读中,我们经常会遇到一些长而难的句子。
长难句通常含有较多、较长的修饰成分、并列成分或从句。
长难句的丰富内容和复杂结构往往会导致理解的困难。
理解长难句的关键是了解长难句的类型,理清句子成分,抓住句子中的关键部分。
纵观历年高考英语试题,可以发现阅读文章中出现了许多结构复杂的句子。
不难理解,命题者在句子难度上大做文章,无非是想通过增加句子长度和使用复杂结构来打断和干扰考生正常的阅读习惯和思维方式,从而达到考查考生综合阅读能力的目的。
下面我们来了解长难句最常见的形式。
一、复合从句这些句子往往较长,一个从句套着另一个从句,环环相扣,使得考生搞不清楚整个句子结构。
其实,不管句子有多长有多复杂,它只由两部分构成,即主干和修饰成分。
主干是整个句子的骨架,主要指主谓宾结构(如: I want a ticket.)或主系表结构(如:The man is a teacher.)。
而修饰成分在句中只起修饰或补充主干的作用,它既可以是单词,也可以是短语,更常见的则是从句,尤其是定语从句和状语从句。
这些从句都很常见,考生比较熟悉,但很多时候不少考生分不清单词、短语和从句之间的相互关系,这样会导致整个句子分析混乱。
这时,考生应通过仔细分析,将每个修饰成分划出来,找出句子的主干,这样整个句子结构就清晰了。
二、分隔结构为了调整语气和增加补充信息,更主要的是为了平衡句子结构,避免头重脚轻,使语义严密,结构紧凑,可将语法关系密切的两个句子成分用其他语法成分分隔开来,这就是所谓的分隔结构。
考试中出现较多的是插入语、用破折号插入的新话题或补充信息。
此外,还有一些句子成分(一般是定语)过长而出现后置,也可以看作是插入现象,只不过它只是句子原有成分位置的调整,没有新增信息。
三、成分省略在英语句子中,节约用词是一条重要的修辞原则。
省略主要是为了避免重复,突出关键词并使上下文紧密连接。
成分省略一般和从句相结合,一正一反,使句子富于变化,增强表现力。
例如在以than,as引导的比较状语从句中,一些成分往往被省略,会给理解带来一定的影响,而且这类句子出现频率较高,考生需要熟记。
四、改变语序改变语序主要指倒装句式。
这种打破相对固定的常规语序的做法,或是为了强调句子的意义表达的重心,或是强调一种表达语气,如虚拟语气、否定语气等。
这些句子往往和一些副词、连词相关,有明显的标志。
当然,被动句、双重否定句等句式在阅读考试中也屡屡出现,限于篇幅本文未将其归入。
希望考生能结合阅读实践来体会上述句法特征。
【突破策略】(1) 结构分析法所谓结构分析法,就是通过语法分析,迅速弄清句子的结构,把握住句子的基本框架。
基本步骤是:首先,判断该句是简单句、并列句还是复合句;然后,找出句子的核心成分,分清主语和谓语,再分清句子的附属成分。
方法一:较复杂单句的处理方法——找主谓语,即找主干成分较复杂单句在高考试卷中经常出现,所以应引起同学们的足够重视。
① However, many scientists who specialize in ageing are doubtful about it and say the human body is just not designed to last past about 120 years.此句的主语为many scientists,主语里面包含了一个由who引导的定语从句。
主句有两个谓语,即are doubtful和say,say后面又包含了一个宾语从句。
② Some companies have made the manufacturing of clean and safe products their main selling point and emphasize it in their advertising.此句的主语为some companies,有两个谓语,即have made和emphasize。
③At the press of a button, a microcomputer locks all other floors chute(道) doors and sets the recycling container turning until the right box comes under the chute.此句的主语为a microcomputer,也有两个谓语,即locks 和sets。
方法二:并列复合句的处理方法——找并列连词① The hot sun had caused the dough (面团) to double in size and fermenting yeast(酵母) made the surface shake and sigh as though it was breathing.②Miss Germaine’s mother looked anxious through the wedding and Mr. Cordel l’s parents are reported to be less than delighted.第一句话中第一个and和第2句中的and是连接两个并列成分的,两句话的and 都是连接两个并列单句。
方法三:主从复合句的处理方法——找从属连词①Whereas a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leavea failing marriage,it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriage was in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.whereas引导了一个从句,即 a woman’s closest female friend might be the first to tell her to leave afailing marriage, 而it wasn’t unusual to hear a man say he didn’t know his friend’s marriagewas in serious trouble until he appeared one night asking if he could sleep on the sofa.为主句,其中it为形式主语,真正的主语为不定式。
方法四:并列和主从复合句并存的处理方法——先读懂并列复合句,再看主从复合句If you ask people to name one person who had the greatest effect on the English language, you will get answers like “Shakespeare”, “Samuel Johnson”, and “Webster”, but none of these men had any effect at all compared to a man who didn’t even speak English—William, the Conqueror.首先弄清并列复合句,即but连接的两个句子,再看but前有一个条件状语从句,but后为一个单句,单句里又有一个who引导的定语从句。
(2)意群阅读法意群阅读法即把意义和语法结构上有关联的几个词连接成较完整的信息。
此方法不仅有利于提高阅读速度,而且有利于对句子的整体理解。
例如:When two cars travelling at 30 mh hit each other①, an unbelted driver would meet the windshield② with a force equal to diving headfirst into the ground from a height of 10 meters③.分析:①是状语从句,②是主句,③是with引导的介词短语作状语,修饰谓语。
这样,把整个句子划为4个意群,可以大大提高阅读速度。
典型例题例1 What Winter knows of the 19-year-old who saved his life is only that he died in a car accident and that his family was willing to honor his wishes and donate his organs for transplantation(移植).解析:此句的主语为What Winter knows of the 19-year-old who saved his life整个从句,其中主语里面又包含了一个由who引导的定语从句;主语的谓语为is,后面的that引导两个并列的表语从句。
点评:分析长难句时找出主句的谓语是至关重要的一步。
例2 Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that thewine would remain fresh for much longer.解析:此句的主语为Pasteur,谓语即discovered,第一个that引导的是宾语从句。
在宾语从句中after引导状语从句,第二个that引导定语从句。
第三个that引导同位语从句。
点评: that在长难句里面用得非常多,所以正确理解that在不同从句中的用法非常重要。
跳出陷阱1. This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure—a 120-page diary kept 190 years ago by Deborah Logan—“a woman who knew everybody of her day,” James Green, the librarian told the magazine “American Libraries”.分析:第一句的主语为James Green, the librarian,谓语为told,第一个宾语为the magazine “American Libraries”,第二个宾语为宾语从句,此宾语从句的主语为This chance discovery,谓语即ended,后面宾语的中心词为a 12-day search。