最新上海市第四届()初中学生科普英语竞赛试题优秀名师资料

最新上海市第四届()初中学生科普英语竞赛试题优秀名师资料上海市第四届(2004)初中学生科普英语竞赛试题上海市第四届(2004)初中学生科普英语竞赛初赛试卷(请把你选中的答案A、B、C或D做在答题卡或答题纸的规定位置上。

)PART I Error Detection (辨错) (20分)1. Studies show that visual information taking in by the left eye follows a neuralA B Cpathway that crosses over to the right hemisphere. D2. Light, just as radio waves, X-rays and so on, is a kind of electromagnetic waves.A B C D3. Scientists search for the places where prehistoric people might live.A B C D4. Baby ants need a great number of care and attention as do some other babyA B C Dinsects and animals.5. The temperature has fallen below zero. If you went outside without winter clothes,A B Cyou will freeze before long.D6. Many people left good jobs in cities to try their luck at gold mining, but not manyA B Csuccessful.D7. The cave, say the archeologists, had used for hundreds of thousands of years byA B Cancestors of humans and by ape-men.D8. Results from new studies show that sea turtles migrate between feeding and nestingA B Csites by sense the direction of ocean waves.D9. Many ocean experts remain that stronger laws are needed to limit damage to theA B Cocean’s environment.D110. Many scientists say that one of man’s greatest error has been to equate growth withA B C Dadvancement.11. Researchers are studying these microbes as a way to help clear up lakes and rivers.A B C D12. According to many AIDS experts, scientists are closer than ever to find a way to makeA B CAIDS a controllable disease rather than a fatal one.D13. To avoid to be seen by its enemies, the squid uses its natural flashlight, a light-emittingA Borgan, to shine light on the underside of its body.C D14. Under the proper conditions, decomposers can reduce pile of trash to almost nothingA B Cand transplant some of it into fertile soil.D15. When shoppers buy plastic trash bags in a supermarket, labels on the bag cartonAmay say ―recyclable‖, ―biodegradable‖ or some other environmental sensitive terms.B C D16. For instance, some fish lay thousands of eggs at a time, most of them are eaten.A B C D17. According to one theory, the more offspring an animal species produces, the great willA B Cbe the chance that the species can survive.D18. So there must be other way to explain why females are so often larger than males.A B C D19. Mary felt sad seeing children drinking cola and throw milk away.A B C D20. Edmund King said the study showed that ―not only the loud music is a nuisance toA Bothers, it could also be the cause of accidents‖.C D2PART II Multiple Choice (选择填空) (20分)21. When the ants are first hatched , they are very small and _____.A. hopelessB. uselessC. helplessD. legless22. That new experiment building _____ an area of 5000 square meters.A. includesB. holdsC. takesD. covers23. People should get _____ of sleep as they need to feel rested.A. as many hoursB. as much hoursC. so much hourD. so many hour24. The phenomenon of luck is not all down to chance, but is affected by a person’s_____disposition.A. generalB. gentleC. generousD. giant25. The age of fossils can be found by a process _____ carbon dating.A. being calledB. calledC. callingD. to call26. Suddenly the battery on your mobile phone has _____, you can’t make any call for help.A. run downB. run afterC. run offD. run out27. When a plant or animal dies, the carbon 14 in the cells begins to _____.A. break inB. break throughC. break upD. break down28. There is no proof that _____ sleep will _____ life.A. short… lengthB. shorten… lengthC. shortened … lengthenD. shortening … lengthen29. The project team believes such computer would _____in teaching and learning.A. play a major functionB. perform a main functionC. play a major roleD. display a main role30. Once a heart disease has seriously weakened a patient’s heart, heart _____ can beperformed to save his life.A. transplantsB. transportationC. translationsD. transforms331. When readers were asked _____ animals should be used for medical research, nearly80 percent said yes.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. whether32. Feelings of pain _____ when signals from nerve endings in the skin are sent to thebrain.A. recordB. resourceC. resultD. rescue33. The scientist performed his experiment over and over again, ______ till midnight.A. workedB. workingC. to workD. have to work34. Fourteen boys in the class shaved their heads after learning that their friend would losehis hair after receiving drug _____ for cancer.A. tradesB. treatmentsC. treasuresD. tracks35. The government passed the laws to protect the plants and animals on the _____ specieslist.A. endangeredB. dangerousC. endangeringD. danger36. Cucumber beetles, which, _____, could produce 33 million rootworms – a seriousagricultural pest.A. if allowed to lay eggsB. if allowing to lie eggsC. if allow laying eggsD. if to allow lying eggs37. French scientists have found that the moon has another unexpected _____: it affects theearth’s climate.A. insignificanceB. influenceC. instructionD. intelligence38. Everything we eat and drink contains some salt; we can meet the body’s need for itfrom natural sources without __________ the salt bottle.A. referring toB. turning toC. keeping outD. putting away39. However, the young whale’s _____ health continued to test Yip, a marine scientist andhis friends.A. deliciousB. delicateC. sensitiveD. dear40. A discovery in the North Sea in Europe has led some scientists _____ that gas bubblesrising from the seafloor might have destroyed some of the ships in Bermuda Triangle.A. theorizeB. to theorizeC. theorizedD. theorizing4PART III Cloze (完形填空) (20 分)Passage 1A new study has shown that mosquitoes can carry AIDS viruses in their bodies for afew days, but the insects do not seem to spread the virus.In an 41 , mosquitoes that fed on blood 42 with the AIDS virus were later found to have the virus in their bodies. 43 , the mosquitoes did not seem to pass 44 the virus to a sample of uninfected blood when the mosquitoes fed on that sample. Similarexperiments 45 recently in South Africa have 46 the same results.The AIDS virus can stay in a mosquito for two or three days, 47 to theexperiment. While in the mosquito, the virus does not multiply. Thus, the mosquito mightbe viewed 48 a momentary flying syringe, that probably carries 49 too littleAIDS virus to 50 the infection.41. A. experience B. experiment C. example D. explanation42. A. to infect B. infect C. infecting D. infected43. A. However B. Moreover C. Therefore D. Besides44. A. on B. by C. off D. for45. A. concluded B. combined C. conducted D. concentrated46. A. processed B. produced C. progressed D. promoted47. A. according B. due C. owing D. similar48. A. to B. like C. for D. as49. A. still B. even C. far D. much50. A. slow B. spread C. speed D. stopPassage 2All the useful energy at the surface of the earth comes from the activity of the sun. Thesun heats and 51 mankind. Each year it provides men 52 two hundred million tons of grain and nearly ten million tons of wood.Coal, oil, 53 gas, and all other fuels are stored-up energy 54 the sun. Some wascollected by this season’s plants as carbo n compounds (碳化合物). Some was stored by plants and trees ages 55 .Even waterpower comes from the sun. Water 56 into vapor by the sun falls as rain. It flows down the mountains and is converted to electric power.Light transmits only the energy 57 comes from the sun’s outer layers, and 58 ofthis energy that is directly toward the earth never arrives. About 59 of it is absorbed by the atmosphere of the earth. 60 , the earth itself gets only one half-billionth of the sun’sentire output of radiant energy.551. A. warms B. feeds C. fuels D. supplies52. A. for B. by C. with D. to53. A. native B. neat C. natural D. normal54. A. from B. by C. at D. in55. A. before B. after C. ever D. ago56. A. turned B. was turned C. turning D. turns57. A. and B. that C. when D. which(where)58. A. a number B. more C. many D. much59. A. ninths-ten B. ninth-tens C. nine-tenths D. nines-tenth60. A. In use B. In fact C. In addition D. In operation PART IV Reading Comprehension (阅读理解) (40分) Passage 1Language isn’t the only sign of animal intelligence.A Canadian psychologist, Dr. David Sherry, has studiedthe remarkable memory of nutcracker, a bird that stores food，mostly pine seeds, in tiny caches, or holes, in the ground. A native of western North America, one nutcracker makes 100 to 200 separate caches every day in the fall and winter.When spring arrives, the bird returns to these caches to eat the seeds.Dr. Sherry says that months after burying the seeds, the birds remember exactly where they stored them. They fly directly to the holes with no need to hunt and peck. ―These birds have a highly specialized spatial memory --- it’s amazing,‖ says Dr. Sherry.Dr. Sherry says that memory in many animals is associated with an area in the braincalled the hippocampus. He found that food-storing birds have a larger hippocampus than birds that don’t store food. Hippocampus damage is one sign of Alzheimer’s disease, a braindegenerative disease marked by a failing memory.61. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Some kinds of birds have excellent memory.B. How birds store food in the ground.C. How birds find their stored food.D. Why birds like to bury seeds in the ground.62. Nutcracker is a kind of bird that _____.A. stores seeds in the groundB. sings very nicelyC. flies to north in winter daysD. works diligently63. When spring arrives, the bird _____.A. returns from north6B. flies back to find the stored foodC. starts to build its new homeD. becomes busy in collecting seeds64. According to Dr. Sherry, if one’s hippocampus is hurt, he may_____ .A. lose his ability to talkB. become very forgetfulC. die very soonD. become easy to get angry65. The phrase ―associated with‖ in the last paragraph has the same meaning as_____?A. ―linked to‖B. ―covered with‖C. ―located at‖D. ―stored in‖Passage 2Gordon was a 25-year-old science teacher in 1966 when he bought a brand-new car Volvo P1800. Today, Gordon, now retired, still owns the same Volvo. Last March, he put the 2 millionth mile on the car. Gordon’s vehicle hit the big 2 million at a TV ceremony held in Times Square in NewYork City.To what does Gordon owe his car’s very long life? ―Volvos are very strong cars,‖ he said. ―Also, I drive sensibly. And I take very good care of the car.‖ Gordon changes the oil every 3,000 miles; uses only the same brand of oil; changes the spark plugs(火花塞)every 20,000 miles; washes the car regularly; waxes it at least twice a year; and spends a few minutes each week checking under the hood (车篷), among other things.“Being a science teacher, I have a better idea of the ways things work,”he said.Gordon says the vehicle still has many of its original parts. But many parts, such as the starter motor, thebrakes(刹车), and the water pump, have been rebuilt or replaced.Gordon’s 2 million miles on the road have taken him almost everywhere in the United States, as well as to Canada, Mexico, and Europe. ―Whether I drive 3 million is more up to me than it is the car,‖ he said.―The car’s parts may be able to take it, but I’m not so sure about my own.‖66. From the passage we can guess that _____.A. it’s very rare for a car to drive two million milesB. the story has been written to introduce a new carC. there were a car show at the New Y ork City’s Times SquareD. no accidents have ever taken place with Gordon’s car767. The main cause of the car’s long life lies in _____.A. Gordon’s careful serviceB. Gordon’s special knowledge of carsC. the excellent quality of the carD. the good quality of the oil he uses68. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. All the parts of Gordon’s car have been replaced.B. Some of the car’s parts can last even longer time.C. Volvo cars are stronger than Japanese ones.D. Science teachers can usually keep their cars longer.69. Gordon has driven his Volvo _____.A. all over the worldB. both home and abroadC. mostly around the town he lives inD. on both American continents70. By the last two sentences Gordon wants to say that _____.A. he’s no longer as strong as he was youngB. his car may survive for no less than ten yearsC. he worries much about his carD. he’ll try hard to reach the goal of 3 million miles Passage 3Last summer, 16-year-old Andrea Axtell read an interesting article in the papers: Afamily had walked aimlessly in an Arizona desert after their car broke down. Familymembers said they felt as if they’d walked in circles for hours before help arrived. That detail attracted Andrea’s interest. ―Without a compass or specificlandmarks, do people who get lost end up walking in circles?‖ she wondered. ―And if they do, why?‖th These simple questions fueled Andrea’s 10-grade science project. Hungry for answers, she went to the library to conduct background research. Among many facts, she discoveredthat several body organs control direction and movement. For example:, Eyes allow people to see their route., Structures in the middle ear affect a person’s sense of balance., The brain c ontrols whether a person’s right side or left side is dominant(主导的),or exerts more control.―Studies of runners’ strides(步态)show that the dominant foot pushes off with a greater force, which pushes the runner slightly right or left,‖ she explains.8Armed with this information, Andrea started an experiment to test whether people who don’t know where they’re going end up walking in circles. And several months later, thatexperiment got a prize at the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair(ISEF)!71. The aim of Andrea’s research is to find _____.A. why people walk in circlesB. why runners usually run in circlesC. whether lost people walk in circlesD. how can lost people find their place72. From where did Andrea get her idea to do her 10-grade science project?A. From her textbook.B. From a news report.C. From a science report.D. From an experiment.73. Andrea found from her research that the most important organ controlling direction is_____.A. the brainB. the middle earC. the eyesD. Both eyes and middle ear74. Andrea’s research concludes that people who don’t know where they’re going are in thehabit of walking _____.A. leftwardsB. rightwardsC. either left or rightD. neither left nor right75. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. If you are lost in a desert, you’d better stay where you are.B. One’s middle ear is the only organ to keep him in balance.C. Lost people can hardly find their way without a compass.D. The f orce made by one’s two feet is different when one walks.Passage 4Tears are nature’s way of making us feel more comfortable. When our eyes are made uncomfortable by some small pieces of pollution, or when we are cutting onions, or when9we are tired and ―red-eyes‖ from overwork at late hours, tears form in our eyes to clean andrefresh them.Tears are also a sign of strong emotion. We cry when we are sad and we cry when we are happy.And tears seem to be unique to human. We know that animals also experience emotion—fear, pleasure, loneliness—but they do not shed tears. From this we can concludethat tears are closely related to the emotional and biological make-up of the human species. Biologically speaking, tears are actually drops of a slightly salty fluid, produced by a gland(腺)in the body.Because salt is an important component(成分), tears may actuallymake up the most conclusive evidence that the human animal is the end product of a long evolutionary(进化的)process that began in the sea.And it is clear, that, in addition to the emotional benefits, the shedding of tears has a specific biological function as well. Through tears, we can eliminate from our body certainchemicals which build up in response to stress and create a chemical imbalance in the body. Crying actually makes us feel better by correcting that imbalance andmaking us feel good again. And thus the emotional and the biological functions of tears mix into one and make us even more ―human‖ than we would otherwis e be. 76. According to the passage, human beings may have first formed in .A. the seaB. lakesC. riversD. mountains77. Which of the following functions have nothing to do with tears?A. Biological functionB. Emotional functionC. Physical functionD.Chemical function78. According to the article, which of the following is unique to humans?A. The feeling of loneliness.B. The ability of evolution.C. The ability to shed tears.D. The feeling of fear.79. The word ―eliminate‖ in the last paragraph most probably means .A. escapeB. produceC. replaceD. remove80. Which of the following is the main idea of the passage?A. Tears are a sign of strong emotion.B. Tears are always making us feel more comfortable.C. Tears are unique to human.D. Tears have certain biological function.10。