初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

（课时:2）

一．介绍名词含义:名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。

二．名词的分类：

人名，地名，机构 )

William，Linda, Canada，China，the United Nations, WTO

可数名词: 包括单数(只有一个)和复数(两个以上). 不可数名词: 只有单数.

物质名词 milk， water， tea， bread，beef, meat, rice， fish， coffee，sugar，

salt

抽象名词 information， friendship，knowledge， work，advice， science, news,weather

三．重点:

1. 一般情况下，加“s”. eg:books，stamps， pens， tables

2.以“s, x, ch, sh”结尾的，加“es”

eg: buses，boxes，foxes，watches，matches，beaches， coaches, brushes

3.以“o ”, 结尾的，加“es ”or “s ”

eg: Negroes [?ni:gr??]、 heroes、volcanoes [v?l?ke?n??]、tomatoes、 potatoes、

radios、pianos、zoos、 photos、 bamboos、video

需加es的记忆技巧：黑人（Negro）英雄（hero）在火山上（volcano）爱吃西红柿（tomato）

和土豆（potato）

4.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的，把“y”变为“i”，再加“es ”.

eg:city--cities， country--countries， family--families, story -- stories

5. 以“f”或“fe”结尾的，把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。

eg:thief—thieves wife—wives life--lives half—halves leaf--leaves，

knife--knives，wolf – wolves, shelf—shelves, loaf—loaves

记忆技巧：贼人（thief）的妻子（wife）在她一生（life）中用半（half）片树叶（leaf）

当刀子（knife）杀死了七匹狼（wolf）然后去偷架子（shelf）上的面包（loaf）。

6）不规则变化：

man-men， woman-women， policeman - policemen, child - children， ox - oxen

foot-feet， tooth-teeth, goose - geese, mouse-mice，fish-fish，sheep-sheep

deer-deer，means–means， Chinese-Chinese， Japanese-Japanese

注意：当 man / woman 作定语、修饰复数名词时，man / woman 与所修饰的名词要同时变

为复数。

例如： a man teacher --- men teachers;

a woman teacher --- women teachers

四．重点：

--- 的）

（1）单数名词词尾加 's；以 s 结尾的单数名词，则只加’.

the boy’s bag；Mary’s cap； Mr James’office

（2）复数名词如果不以s结尾，则加 's ；复数名词如果以 s 结尾，则只加’.

the Children’s Palace men’s room

the teachers’ reading-room 10 minutes’walk

（3）如果表示几个人共有一样东西，只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's .

如果表示各自所有，就必须在各个名字后面加's .

This is Tom and Mark’s room.

These are Tom’s and Mark’s rooms.

（4）the + 名词·of·名词

the windows of the house

the name of the city

the picture of the Tom

's 结构也可以转换成 of结构

the girl’s name--the name of the girl

Tom’s friend--the friend of Tom

（5）a + 名词·of·名词's / a + 名词·of·名词性物主代词 (表示“其中之一”)

a picture of To m’s ; a friend of mine

名词专项训练

1．-- Are there any in the zoo ?

-- Yes, there are some.

A. panda

B. lion

C. tiger

D. deer 2．There is only one doctor and several nurses in this hospital.

A. man / woman

B. man / women

C. men / woman

D. men /

women

3．-- What can I do for you ?

-- I’d like two .

A. bottle of orange juice

B. bottle of orange juices

C. bottles of orange juice

D. bottles of orange juices 4．This is bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.

A. Anna and Jane

B. Anna’s and Jane’s

C. Anna’s and Jane

D. Anna and Jane’s

5．We’ll have a holiday. What about going to the Great Wall ?

A. four days

B. four-day

C. four-days

D. four

day’s

6．Paul has friends except me, and sometimes he feels lonely.

A. many

B. some

C. few

D. more 7．How many can you see in the picture ?

A. water

B. child

C. deer

factorys

8．This is an old photo of mine. At that time I had .

A. short hairs

B. short hair

C. many short hair

D. much short hairs 9．-- Where are the ?

-- They are playing football on the playground.

A. boys students / the

B. boy students / the

C. boy student / X

D. boy students / X 10．I have to speak to my grandpa loudly because there’s something wrong with his .

A. eyes

B. legs

C. mouth

D. ears 11．Jenny gave us on how to learn English well.

A. some advices

B. many advices

C. some advice

D. an

advice

12．We have bought two for the coming party.

A. box of strawberry

B. boxes of strawberries

C. box of strawberries

D. boxes of strawberry 13．Mr Smith is a friend of .

A. John’s uncle

B. John uncle’s

C. John’s uncle’s

D. John uncle 14．-- Would you like tea ?

-- No, thanks. I have drunk two .

A. any / bottle of juice

B. some / bottles of juice

C. many / bottles of juices

D. few / bottles of juice 15．These are the toys.

A. child

B. children

C. children’s

children’

16．There are hardly any in the river now because of the pollution.

A. duck

B. fish

C. goose

D. water 17．She told me the day before yesterday.

A. a good news

B. such a good news

C. so good a news

D. a piece of good news

18．I won’t go there with you, for I have a lot of to do.

A. works

B. job

C. work

working

19．There all kinds of in this shop.

A. are / watches

B. be / watches

C. is / watches

D. be /

watch

20．There are on the desk.

A. a paper

B. some papers

C. a piece of paper

D. some pieces of paper 21．I’d like , please.

A. two bottle of beer

B. two bottle of beers

C. two bottles of beer

D. two bottles of beers 22．These are backpacks.

A. Lily and Lucy

B. Lily and Lucy’s

C. Lily’s and Lucy

D. Lily’s and Lucy’s 23．We’ll have this summer.

A. a two months vacation

B. two months vacation

C. a two-months vacation

D. a two-month vacation 24．I go to the once a month.

A. barber

B.barbers

C. barber’s

barbers’

25．I want to know opinion.

A. everyone’s else

B. everyone else

C. everyone else’s

D. everyone elses’

26．I walked into the office, and put the letter on my desk.

A. teacher’s / teacher’s

B. teachers’ / teachers’

C. teacher’s / teachers’

D. teachers’ / teacher’s 27．There’s nofor more cars in the parking lot. It is too crowded.

A. room

B. rooms

C. house

D. houses

28．My shoes were worn out, so I decided to buy a new .

A. show

B. shoes

C. pair

D. one 29．Could you speak in a loud ? I can’t hear you clearly.

A. voice

B. noise

C. sound

人教版初中英语初中英语语法之一名词(通用版)

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初中英语语法讲解名词名词可分为专有名词（包括人名，地名和由普通名词构成的专有名词）和普通名词（包括个体名词，集合名词，物质名词和抽象名词），也可分为可数名词与不可数名词。可数名词变复数的规律： 1.直接+s。 2.以辅音+y结尾的，把y改i + es。 3.以元音+y结尾的，直接+s。 4.以s,x,ch,sh结尾，末尾+es 5.以f或fe结尾的，把f或fe变v加es 6.以o结尾的，加s或es 7.以th结尾的，末尾+s 不规则变化，如：mouse→mice 老鼠goose→geese 鹅tooth→teeth 牙齿 man→men 男人等等单复数同形，如：fish sheep deer Chinese Japanese 等国人变复数比较特别中国人，日本人单复数同形，英国人，法国人末尾的man变men，其他的都在末尾+s。（特别强调德国人German，他变复数是+s，不要忘了）合成名词变复数： 1.在中心名词上+s 如：passerby→passersby 过路人grown-up→grown-ups 2.两个同时变复数如：man doctor→men doctors 注意fish，chicken两词，它们各有两种意思 Fish 1.鱼可数单复数同形 2.鱼肉不可数 Chicken 1.小鸡可数 2.鸡肉不可数一些不可数名词短语： a piece of break 一块面包 a piece of news 一条新闻 a piece of advice 一条建议 a pair 一双名词所有格：分为两种，一种是有生命物体的，是在单数名词尾+’s，复数名词非s结尾，就+’s，末尾是s，就在s后面加’；另一种是无生命物体的，有两种情况，一是共有的，就在最后一个人名字后+’s，另一个是各有的，就分别+’s 如：Mary and Mike’s mother. 表示Mary和Mike 共有的母亲，也就是说它们是兄弟。 Mary’s and Mike’s mother. 表示Mary和Mike各自的母亲。特例：1.有些表示时间，距离，国家，城市等无生命物体时，也可加’s表示所有格。 2.有时’s结构也可换成of结构以示强调。初中英语语法讲解—名词（第1页，共3页）

(完整)初中英语名词专项讲解

名词一导入：有一天，一只老钟对一只小钟说：“你一年里要摆525600下啦。”　小钟吓坏了，说“哇，这么多，这怎么可能？！我怎么能完成那么多下呢！”　这时候，另一只老钟笑着说：“不用怕，你只需一秒钟摆一下，每一秒坚持下来就可以了。”　小钟高兴了，想着：一秒钟摆一下好像并不难啊，试试看吧。果然，很轻松地就摆了一下。不知不觉一年过去了，小钟已经摆了525600下！很简单的故事，却寓意着深刻的道理，当我们面对大困难的时候，往往望而怯步，孰不知只要根据实际，分期制定小目标，一一完成就行了。二专题讲解：掌握要点：名词的分类（专有名词和普通名词）名词的数1）区分可数名词和不可数名词，区分方法 2）可数名词的复数变化，分为规则变化及不规则变化名词所有格含义、构成两种形式：’ｓ所有格及of所有格知识点：一、名词的分类 1.专有名词：名字(人名、地名、书名、机构名)、与国家有关的(国家、国民、语言)、日期（节日、星期、月份）例句：My name is Lucy. I am a Chinese. I will go to the Great Wall on Monday. 2.普通名词: 包括可数名词和不可数名词个体名词表示个体的人或事物例: sister、table、bike、window 可数名词集体名词表示一群人或一些事物例: family、police、class、group 物质名词表示构成物体的物质或材料例: water、air、wood 不可数名词抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等例: danger、interest 区分方法：将物体分成两半，如果每半不能叫原名，则为可数名词，如果还可叫原名，则为不可数名词。注：有些单词意义发生变化，单复数也发生变化，例：glass作玻璃杯时可数，作玻璃时不可数。身兼二职的名词对照表 glass fish chicken time 可数玻璃杯鱼类小鸡次、倍不可数玻璃鱼肉鸡肉时间 orange light paper hair 可数橘子电灯报纸/试卷（几根）头发不可数橘汁光纸头发 exercise idea life work _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ No Cross, No crown 不经历风雨，怎么见彩虹.

(完整版)初中英语语法专项代词练习及答案

初中英语语法代词专项练习 —————人称代词、物指代词（1）按要求写出下列代词的形式 1、I（宾格）________ 2、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 3、us（主格）________ 4、they（宾格）________ 5、she（宾格）________ 6、you（名词性物主代词）________ 7、it（宾格）________ 8、my（复数）________ 9、him（复数）________ 10、he（形容词性物主代词）________ 11、we（单数）________ 12、they（名词性物主代词）________ 13、I（反身代词）________ 14、you（反身代词）________ 15、she（反身代词）________ 16、he（反身代词）________ 17、it（反身代词）________ 18、I（反身代词）________ （2）选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。 1. This is（my / I）mother. 2. Nice to meet （your / you）. 3.（He / His）name is Mark. 4. What’s（she / her）name? 5. Excuse（me / my / I）. 6. Are（your / you）Miss Li? 7.（I/ My）am Ben. 8.（She / Her）is my sister. 9. Fine , thank（your / you）. 10. How old is （he / his）? （3）用所给代词的正确形式填空 1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers. 2. That is _______( she ) sister. 3. Lily is _______ ( Lucy ) sister. 4. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary. 5. Now _____________(her parent) are in America. 6. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students. 7. Do you know ______ ( it ) name? 8. Mike and Tom _________( be ) friends. 9. Thanks for helping ________( I ). 10. ______(Ann安)mother is ______(we) teacher. （4）填上正确的人称代词和物主代词 1._____ is my friend. 他是我的朋友。 2. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。 3. Who is there? It’s _____.是谁啊？是我。 4. Come with _____. 跟我来。 5. ______ classroom is bigger than ____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。 6. _____ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 7.I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。 8. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。 9. _____ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。 10. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。

初中英语语法专项练习题之名词

学习必备欢迎下载初中英语语法专项练习题之名词一. ( ) 1 She was very happy. She in the maths test. A. makes a few mistake B. made a few mistakes C. made few mistakes D. makes few mistake ( ) 2 We need some more____. Can you go and get some, please? A. potato B. potatos C. potatoes D. potatoe ( ) 3 _____are ____for cutting things. A. Knife/used B. Knives/used B. C. Knife/using D. Knives/using ( ) 4 What big____ the tiger has! A. tooth B. teeth C. tooths D. toothes ( ) 5 Please remember to give the horse some tree___. A. leafs B. leaves C. leaf D. leave ( ) 6 -Can we have some ___?-Yes, please. A. banana B. oranges C. apple D. pear ( ) 7 On the table there are five____. A. tomatos B. piece of tomatoes C. tomatoes D. tomato 二. ( ) 1 They got much ___ from those new books. A. ideas B. photos C. information D. stories ( ) 2 He gave us____ on how to keep fit. A. some advices B. some advice C .an advice D. a advice ( ) 3 When we saw his face, we knew___ was bad. A. some news B. a news C. the news D. news ( ) 4 What___ lovely weather it is! A. / B. the C. an D. a 三 ( ) 1 -Would you like___tea? -No, thanks. I have drunk two____. A. any, bottles of orange B. some, bottles of orange C. many, bottles of oranges D. few, bottle of oranges ( ) 2 He is hungry. Give him ___ to eat. A. two breads B. two piece of bread C. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads ( ) 3 It really took him:___ to draw the nice horse. A. sometimes B. hour C. long time D. some time ( ) 4 I would like to have___. A. two glasses of milk D. two glass of milks B. two glass of milk C. two glasses of milks ( ) 5 Can you give me ____? A. a tea B. some cup of tea C. a cup tea D. a cup of tea ( ) 6 Please give me ___ paper. A. one B. a piece C. a D. a piece of ( ) 7 John bought ___for himself yesterday. A. two pairs of shoes B. two pair of shoe C. two pair of shoes D. two pairs shoes 4 ( ) 1 -How many ___have you got on your farm? -I've got five. A. sheeps B. sheep C. pig D. chicken ( ) 2 Some __came to our school for a visit that day. A. Germans B. Germen C. Germany D. Germanies ( ) 3 In the picture there are many__and two. A. sheep; foxes C. sheeps ; foxes B. sheeps ; fox D. sheep; foxs ( ) 4 A group of______ will visit the museum tomorrow. A. Hungarian B. Australian C. Japanese D. American 五 ( ) 1 This table is made of___. A. many glass B. glasses C. some glasses D. glass ( ) 2 -What would you like to have for lunch, sir? -I'd like____. ! A. chicken B. a chicken C. chickens D. the chicken ( )3 Children should make ____for old people in a bus. A. room B. a room C. rooms D. the room 六 ( ) 1 Tables are made of___. A. wood B. some woods C. wooden D. woods ( ) 2 I wonder why ______ are so interested in action (武打片) films. A. people B. peoples C. the people D. the peoples ( ) 3I have read____ of the young writer. A. works B. work C. this works D. the works 七 ( ) 1 Let's meet at 7: 30 outside the gate of___? A. the People's Park B. the Peoples' Park C .the People Park D. People's Park

初中英语语法--名词专题(含练习)

名词（一）一、名词的概念：在我们身边存在着形形色色的人和事物，它们都有自己的称呼，我们用来称呼它们的词就是名词，概括来说表示人、事物、地方、现象等的名称的词都叫名词。二、名词的分类： 1．专有名词：它的第一个字母通常大写。 a. 人名、地名、国名等例如：Lucy, Shanghai, China b.组织、团体、机构等例如: the United Nations c.语言、星期、月份等例如：English, Friday, March (注意介词in/on/at的用法) 注意：国家与人的对应 China----- Chinese America---- American(s) Australia---- Australian(s) Canada---- Canadian(s) Japan---- Japanese Germany---- German(s) France----Frenchman(Frenchmen) GB----Englishman(Englishmen) 2．普通名词：（1）不可数名词：不可以直接以数字计算的名词。例如：snow, air, water, rice, paper, work, news(新闻)，food, rain, weather, juice, milk, meat, money ，English, fruit , information … 不可数名词要表示具体数量，必须借助of短语。如不能说one bread，但是可以说one piece of bread和two pieces of bread。只能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语： little很少的（表示否定）；a little一些（表示肯定），much（许多），how much （多少），a bit of（一些）既能用来修饰可数名词又能用来修饰不可数名词的表示数量的一些词或短语：some(一些，用于肯定句), any（一些，用于否定和疑问句）a lot of (许多), lots of(许多) ★不可数名词量的表示方法：计量词+of 例如：a piece of news a cup of tea a piece of bread two pieces of news two cups of tea two pieces of bread 注意：a bag of apples