Unit 3 Work and Workforce
学术英语(第二版)综合教师手册unit3
Unit 3 Business EthicsI Teaching ObjectivesAfter learning Unit 3, students (Ss) are expected to develop the following academic skills and knowledge:II Teaching Activities and ResourcesReadingText ALead-inTeaching StepsAsk Ss to work in groups and complete the task in Lead-in. Then choose some groups to share their answers with the whole class.Answer Keys (Suggested Answers)1.Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) can be defined as a self-regulatingbusiness model that helps a company be socially accountable —to itself, its stakeholders, and the public. In other words, it is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large.2.Text AnalysisTeaching Steps1.OverviewAsk Ss to preview Text A before class. Or, allocate some time for Ss to read the text quickly in class. Then invite several Ss to summarize the main idea of Text A.2.In-Depth Analysis1)Show Ss the following words and ask them to contribute to the class as muchas possible with what they know about these words. Provide additional information in Supplementary Information when necessary.•economic system•free enterprise2)Explain some important language points in Language Support to Ss.3)Discuss with Ss the features of the two versions of Adam Smith’s theory bydoing Task 1 in Critical reading and thinking.4)Organize a group discussion about the questions from Task 2 in Criticalreading and thinking. Encourage Ss to think independently, critically and creatively and share their ideas with each other.Supplementary Information1.economic systemAn economic system is a system for producing, distributing and consuming goods and services, including the combination of the various institutions, agencies, consumers, entities that comprise the economic structure of a given society or community. It also includes how these various agencies and institutions are linked to one another, how information goes between them, and the social relations within the system.Two of the basic and general economic systems are market economy and planned economy. Market economy is an economic system in which businesses and individuals decide what to produce and buy, and the market determines quantities sold and prices, whereas planned economy is an economic system in which decisions regarding production and investment are embodied in a plan formulated by a central authority, usually by a public body such as a government agency.Although a planned economy may be based on either centralized or decentralized forms of economic planning, it usually refers to a centrally planned economy.2.free enterpriseFree enterprise refers to the system of business in which individuals are free to decide what to produce, how to produce, and at what price to sell.Language Support1.Most academics today subscribe to the following modified version of AdamSmith’s theory:…(Para. 2)In the text, the phrase “subscribe to”means “agreeing with or supporting (an opinion, theory, etc.)”（同意；赞成）.e.g. I subscribe to the idea that voting is my civic duty.She subscribes to the theory that some dinosaurs were warm-blooded andothers were cold-blooded.It can also refer to “paying money to get (a publication or service) regularly”（订阅）.e.g. I subscribe to several magazines.We have subscribed to an evening newspaper.2.These constraints take a number of different forms. …Another set ofconstraints …(Para. 3)Two recent examples dramatically illustrate these points. First, …(Para. 3) Classification is employed to organize things into categories with a single organizing principle, and give examples of things that fit into each category. Here are other commonly-used words and expressions for classification:•The first (kind/type/group/class/etc.) …; the second …; the third …•sort, classify, categorize …•category, group, class, kind …3.Saving the financial system required a bailout of the banks and otherfinancial companies, and that bailout imposed huge costs on the taxpayers, and also helped push the economy into a deep recession. (Para. 5)impose sth. on sb.:i) force something on someone把......强加于e.g. He always imposes his opinion on others.ii) levy a tax or duty征税e.g. It is therefore necessary for governments to impose a higher tax on this kindof food.Here is another usage of the word “impose”:impose on sb.:i) force oneself on others强加于人e.g. Thanks for your offer to help, but I did not want to impose on you.ii) take unfair advantage of 利用e.g. Don’t you think you are imposing on your neighbor when you use histelephone for half an hour?4.be true to one’He is always true to his word and focused on the big picture.Ninety days later, true to his word, the goldsmith brought the crown.5.To date, Buffett has contributed more than $6 billion, and over time he isscheduled to contribute additional stock that is now worth in excess of $40 billion. (Para. 7)in excess of: greater than, more than 超过e.g. Luggage in excess of 100 kg will be charged extra.This plane can reach speeds in excess of 1000 kilometers an hour.Answer KeysCritical reading and thinkingTask 1 / Overview1The original version：The invisible hand; Profit maximization; Free enterprise systemThe modified version:the wealth of its stockholders; the best economic system; constraints2Argument 11) a wide range of regulations are imposed2) assessing costs on companies; BP oil spillArgument 21) behave ethically; value and reputation2) Don’t Be Evil3) creative capitalism4) contributed more than $6 billionTask 2 / Points for discussion (Suggested Answers)11) Yes, I agree. Because:• Earning profit is the main aim of every economic activity. A business is an economic activity and hence, its main aim should be to earn profit.• Profit is a measure of eff iciency and economic prosperity of the business. This justifies the concept of profit maximization.• Economic conditions do not remain the same all the time. A business can retain its profit so that it can survive the adverse situations in the future. Profit gives protection against future risks and uncertainties.• Profit is the main source of finance for growth and expansion. Profit is essential for the business in order to invest in new business propositions.• Profitability is essential for fulfilling the social goals of the business. With profit maximization a business can do socio-economic welfare and follow its policies of corporate social responsibility.2) No, I don’t agree. Because:Business should do anything they can to make a profit, but never at the cost of human welfare and natural environment. Human welfare must be considered as important as profit making. A business is successful to the extent that it provides a product that contributes to happiness in all forms. As a matter of fact, the great value of a business should be morally associated with consumer’s satisfaction and safety. On the other hand, businesses of great value should not be blind to their moral obligations of protecting the natural environment.2 Yes, it is a very effective way for society to impose such regulations to prevent companies from engaging in practices that hurt society. For most businesses their ultimate goal is to make profits. It is true that most businessmen try to abide by the laws while making profits. However we have to admit that there are some who use every means to make as much money as possible, even regardless of the interests ofemployees, communities, and environment. Therefore, the regulations such as penalties and suspension for internal rectification should be imposed to deter companies from unlawful practices.3 Yes, having a good reputation with customers, suppliers, employees and regulators is essential if value is to be maximized. Business success is associated with many entities, such as customers, suppliers, employees and regulators. If customers are satisfied with your products and service, they will be loyal to your company. If suppliers provide you with qualified products, your business will operate well. If employees are treated well, they will work very hard and are willing to be part of your company. If regulators are certain that your company acts fairly and follows rules, your company will develop sustainably. All above depends on whether the business is continually operating with society’s interests in mind and maintaining a good reputation.Language building-upAnswer keysTask 1 / Specialized vocabulary11 纳税人2 自由企业制度3 股东4 经济体制5 市场力量；市场调节作用6 金融机构7 stock price 8 mission9 corporate motto 10 assets11 profit maximization 12 financial system21 financial institutions2 free enterprise system3 assets4 Taxpayers5 stockholder6 profit maximization7 economic system 8 market forcesTask 2 / Academic vocabulary1. principal2. dramatically3. academics4. maximization5. framework6. range7. compensate 8. transfer9. inadequate 10. constraintsTask 3 / Collocations1. subscribe to2. striving to3. imposing …on4. go out of business5. as a whole6. engaged in7. go hand in hand with 8. in excess ofTask 4 / Formal English1 insights2 subscribe to3 imposes4 adverse5 mission6 philanthropic7 donated 8 famedTranslation of Text A达到适当的平衡在1776年，亚当·斯密描述了一只“看不见的手”是如何引导企业追求利润的，而这只手会引导企业做出有利于社会的决策。
外研社应用英语教程综合英语4教学课件Unit_3
Text A
Text Structure
Setting (paras. 1-3)
The author introduces Aylmer, emphasizing his love for ___s_c_i_e_nni-Research
3. What has caused the great changes in the roles of women in modern society? Gaining an education and entering the workforce are the main reasons of the great changes in the roles of women in modern society. They have allowed women the opportunity to provide financially for their families without being constrained by the stereotyped images of women succumbing to patriarchal rule with docility and passivity.
It tells the story of a scientist who is obsessed with the removal of his wife’s birthmark, believing it a sign of her human imperfection. The story raises some interesting questions about what it means to be human, the body vs. the soul, how much science can tell us about the world, how much of nature we can change through science, and perhaps more importantly, whether we should even try to “play God” in this way.
牛津高中英语模块五_unit3_复习课课件.ppt
1.The company has been t_ra_n_s_f_o_rm__e_dfrom a family business into one with 5,000 workforce.
__o_r_ig_i_n___ n．起源；原点；出身 4．__ju_d_g_e_m__e_n_t_n．判断力；看法，评价；(法律)判决__ju_d_g_e_ n．法官；vt.&vi.判 断；审判；判决 5．co_n_s_i_d_e_ra_t_io_n__n．仔细考虑；必须考虑的因素；体谅，顾及__c_o_n_s_id_e_r_ vt.考虑 6．__h_u_n_g_e_r__n．饥饿；饥荒 __h_u_n_g_r_y_ adj.饥饿的 7．__r_e_lia_b_l_e__adj.可信赖的，可依靠的 __r_e_ly__ vi.依靠；信赖 8．___a_ct_u_a_l___adj.真实的，实际的 __a_c_t_u_a_ll_y adv.实际上 9．___fr_ig_h_t_e_n__vt.使惊吓，使惊恐 __fr_ig_h_t_e_n_e_d_ adj.感到害怕的；受惊的；
11)
不尊敬_________s_h_o_w__n_o__re_s_p_e_c_t_f_o_r ___________________
12)
成功地做了某事____s_u_c_c_e_e_d_i_n_d_o_i_n_g___________________
13)
赞同，与……一致____b_e_in__a_g_r_e_e_m_e_n_t_w_i_th________________
Unit3WritingWorkshop课件高中英语北师大版(2019)选择性
d arguments for the topic
Para. 4 Conclusion + your opinion Conclusion (your opinion)
Focus on Style
Note that if you are “for” something, put the arguments “against” first. If you are “against” something, put the arguments “for” first.
Focus on Structure
Read the essay again. Match the functions to each paragraph.
Para. 1 __c____ Para. 2 _____
Para. 3 __b____ Para. 4 __a____
Para. 1 Introduction to the topic Para. 2 Argument + supporting details
4 How does the author present “for” and “against” factory farming?
The author puts the topic sentence at the beginning of each paragraph objectively. Then objective supporting details (evidence) follow(s). Only in the last paragraph does the author express his personal idea.
Focus on Language
Unit3 -listening
Unit 3Part ⅢListening ComprehensionA．答案与详解Section A11.【答案与详解】A。
关键字眼处设题。
女士说如果一段时间内停止正常活动，脚踝将很快恢复。
可以推断A)“让脚踝休息”是最合适的选项。
12.【答案与详解】C。
关键字眼处设题。
对话中出现了ticket, seat 及balcony（包厢）等字眼，可以推断发生的地点在剧院。
13.【答案与详解】B。
隐含语义处设题。
对话中得知Smith是在睡梦中去世，从而排除了A)和D)。
男士提到了葬礼（funeral）, 因此B)最符合语境。
14.【答案与详解】D。
细节处设题。
对话中提到了将精力放在Professor Young课上讲的重点，D)与此一致。
15.【答案与详解】D。
隐含语义处设题。
根据对话中jacket，lasting marks等词可以推断女士可能将咖啡洒在男士的夹克上了。
通过男士所说的that’s all right可以得知他并没有在意，从而排除其他选项。
16.【答案与详解】B。
隐含语义处设题。
对话中表示电影的情节很复杂，看不懂。
男士说在看完第二遍之后才将片段串联起来。
因此推断这部电影很难理解。
17.【答案与详解】A。
隐含语义处设题。
女士说自己从不缺课，因此推断她成绩好的原因在于此。
通过男士的话可以排除C); 而B)、D)对话中并没有涉及。
18.【答案与详解】D。
关键字眼处设题。
男士在回答时用了but表示意思上的转折。
doubt表示“不确信”，即他在怀疑数字电视系统提供的众多频道与现有的没有什么不同。
换句话说就是D)他认为新的电视系统可能没有什么改进。
19.【答案与详解】C。
本题关键句为：it says there’s a man going around pretending he is from theelectricity board…steals…,C)中thief in disguise与句意一致。
Unit1Blue-collarworkers
Unit 1 Blue-collar workers T ext A一.New words and vocabulary1. heartland n. 中心地区eg.the industrial heartland of...2. resident n. 居民，住户reside v. 居住residential adj. 居住的，居民的eg.permanent resident 永久居住resident physician 住院医生3. corporation=company=work n. 公司eg.multinational corporations 跨国公司workshop 车间4.workforce n. 劳动力force n. 强制力5.shortage n. 缺乏，缺少（资金）without enough of money or sth.6.earnings 收入savings 储蓄eg. net earnings 净收入earnings rate 收益率7.point to 显示，表明，指向=show8.gap 差距，空隙eg.generation gap 代沟the gap between rich and poor 贫富差距9.generationeg.Four generations live under the same roof.四世同堂。
10.annual 年度的，每年的eg.年度报告annual report年会annual meeting年销售量额annual sales年产量annual productionck of work 失业12.professional 职业的specialty 专长，特长13.qualities 素质ideas 理念tip 策略，技巧letter 信函13.high-end 高端14.decline 下降eg.decline and fall 衰亡on the decline 精神低迷15.craft 手工eg.space craft 宇宙飞船craft brother 同行16.plumb 装水管；探寻，探究eg.sb. be plumbed sb's heart for sth某人在心中为自己盘算着做某事17.expand v. 扩大expansion n. 扩大eg.Heat expands most metals.the rapid expansion of private health insurance 私人保险的快速发展18.certificate 证书，证明eg.birth certificates 出生证明marriage certificate 结婚证明certificate of origin 原产地证明inspection certificate 体检证明19.program 方案，计划，程序，节目单20.investment 投资行为；投资款项n.invest 投资vt.eg.invest sb's money in someplacean investment of twenty-eight million dollars 2800万美元投资21.find a way up 找到进步或晋升的途径22.recovery 恢复，复苏n.recover 恢复v.eg.recover one's feet(legs,footing)(跌倒后又)站起来economic recovery 经济复苏23.Remarkable adj. 非凡的eg. Sb. be a remarkable man.他是个非凡卓越的人。
新编大学英语3课文翻译 Unit 5、6、 8、9,课后翻译
新编大学英语3课文翻译 Unit 5、6、 8、9第五单元，我是怎样识字的3 你可曾在航海时遇上过有浓雾的时候？你仿佛被困在了触手可及的一片白茫茫中，不见天日。
你乘坐的巨轮，靠测深锤或测深线的指引，举步维艰地靠向海岸，既紧张又焦急不安；而你则心里砰砰直跳，等着有事要发生。
而我在接受教育之前正像那巨轮，所不同的是我连指南针或测深线都没有，更无从知晓离港湾还有多远。
我的心灵在无声地疾呼：“光明！给我光明吧! ”而就在此时此刻，爱的光芒洒在了我的身上。
(考原课文填空，英文，注意新单词) 9 那天我学会了很多新词。
现在我已记不清都是些什么词了，但我还记得其中有“妈妈、爸爸、姐妹、老师”。
这些词使得整个世界就像有了“亚伦的神杖，充满了鲜花”，为我绽开。
在这个重要的日子快要结束时，已很难找到一个比我更加幸福的孩子。
我躺在自己的小床上，回味着这一天所给予我的欣喜；渴望着新的一天的到来，这是我有生以来从未有过的期盼。
(考课文英翻汉)第六单元，人和动物的好斗性1 人类肯定是所有动物中最好斗和最残忍的。
我们会说暴徒的行为就“像野兽”，然而事实上，没有任何一种动物象人类那样残暴。
当领域性的动物或鸟类侵入了别的同类动物的领地时，后者只会做一些表示敌意的姿态以吓跑入侵者。
但是，万一有争斗，任何一方都不会受重伤，因为败方会做出姿态表示投降以便保全性命。
一般情况下，动物之间只会为了觅食而杀戮，同类动物之间自相残杀是极少见的。
(考课文英翻汉)2 然而，如果动物发现自己处于异常环境下，它会表现出特别地富有攻击性。
有一只老虎从丛林跑到村庄来，袭击了人，后来人们发现原来它的爪子受了伤，使它显然不能像平时那样去猎食。
假如不是因为受伤，这只虎毫无疑问还会呆在丛林里，并像往常那样去猎取食物。
关在动物园笼子里的动物，往往会比在野外时更加寻衅好斗。
比如说，关在笼子里的狮子一旦能自由自在地徜徉在非洲的大草原上，那么它会一直活力充沛，长途游弋，与家族同类一起追捕食物。
Unit-3-Work-life-Balance
UNIT 3 Work-life Balance第3课工作与生活的平衡――沃伦﹒安德森访谈录1 Start-ups are famous for requiting a lot from employees-especially long hours. The results can include significant personal accomplishment and instant wealth. But they can also include stress, family problems and even physical illness. When warren Anderson started Anderson soft-Teach, he had a different idea about work-life balance and how to create esprit de corps:2 One of my personal objectives was to create a business where my employees and I could be successful, and everyone’s personal lives could be successful simultaneously.I was driven by a desire not to run into the problem of burnout, either for my employees or myself. I wanted to protect my physical and mental health and everyone else’s. That was one of the things that created a “do your best but don’t kill yourself in the process” framework for Anderson Soft-Teach.3 Of course, we did work weekends when it was required, but we didn’t have an ethic where people had to come in on the weekend or stay late as the standard practice. I set the example. If I had a speech to give at a trade show or a new product was being completed, for example , I stayed plenty of extra time, but I wanted that to be the exception rather than the norm.4 As a result, we did at times sacrifice some growth in revenues because we didn’t work people 60, 70, 80hours a week. We weren’t a wild, blow-it-out, Silicon Valley story that hit Newsweek. But you can measure a business as successful many ways. We started the company in 1983 with no venture funding, and it grew steadily and profitably for 14 years. Whenwe were acquired, we had $6.5 million in sales and42employees. I think we did create a group of people who worked hard when they needed to and also knew how to have fun.5 Whenever we had company events, we included significant others, spouses and families because I thought it was important to recognize the contribution the family was making to the company, and I wanted to include them in the excitement of what was happening.6 The emphasis on team spirit was appreciated and adopted by employees, as Anderson discovered during a sales downturn.7At the time, our sales manager was the most heavily leveraged employee: if things were going well, he got a significant bonus if sales were down, he would make significantly less. During this period, I approached him and sad, “you’re probably working harder now than you ever have, yet your compensation is lower than ever.” I offered to change his compensation formula so he wouldn’t be hurt so badly by the downturn in sales, and he said he’d think about it. The next day, he came back to me and said, “My salespeople are hurting because commissions are lower. I don’t feel comfortable not feeling the same pain, so thanks but I’d rather not change my compensation.”8 In general, I think companies need to attend to salary ranges. Today, you have CEOs making incredible compensation even before their stock options kick in. I tried to keep the salary ranges at a low multiple (about 5 to 6 times between the lowest-and highest-paid employee). Putting a reasonable cap on higher-level compensation I though was an important statement. We were all working hard to succeed,and we were all working together. The biｇpay off would come if the company became successful and was acquired, not in day-to-day salary.9 Also, everyone in the company (except people in sales, who worked on commission) was given a bonus based on growth in total company revenue from year to year, paid each quarter. Each person was assigned a unique factor that was multiplied by the increase in company sales for the quarter compared to the same quarter in the previous year. This meant everyone was looking at how the company was doing, not only their personal job performance. It focused people on doing what was right for the whole team.10 One manager told me later that she used to resent calls from customers with technical questions because they interrupted her work. After we started the quarterly revenue bonuses, she began to view those same calls as great opportunities to build positive relationships and increase future sales.新成立的企业因需要员工大量付出而出名—特别是长时间的工作。
教师用书unit3
教师用书unit3Unit 3Work & PlayWork Your Way Through CollegeRalph Cooper Hutchison天生的才干如同天生的植物一样,需要靠学习来修剪。
——弗朗西斯·培根Schema Building1. Higher education is perceived as extremely important, and for most people a college education has become the necessary admission ticket to good jobs and a middle class lifestyle. First, people come to college to develop their mental “muscles,” abilities and capabilities; second, people can get four years' social experience and training as college is a peculiar society, an epitome of life. Therefore, people can learn a lot in their college．2. Students would benefit from taking a part time job while they are at college. Of course, they must be careful not to let it take up too much of their time because study is still their primary responsibility. Therefore, living a balanced life is the best way to be successful.3. There are advantages and disadvantages of “work one's through college.” Work one's w ay through college is better than play one's way through college, but is no better than study one's way through college．Detailed Study of the Text1. menial: adj.(of work) suitable to be done by servants; unskilled, e.g．a. a menial task, job, etc.b. menial chores like dusting and washing upmenial: n.(fml usually derogatory) servant2. bellhop: n. someone employed as an errand boy and luggage carrier around hotels3. remunerative: adj. profitable, e.g．a highly remunerative job, post, position, etc.4. flabby: adj. ①soft and loose; not strong or firm②feeble and weak; ineffective, e.g．a flabby argument, plot, speech, etc.5. heretofore: adv. used in negative statement to describe a situation that has existed up to this point or up to the present time6. prodigious: adj. so great in size or force or extent as to elicit awe; of momentous or ominous significance; far beyond what is usual in magnitude or degree, e.g．a. a prodigious achievementb. It cost a prodigious amount (of money)．7. Waiving aside this sentimental bosh about college jobs, we must recognize the fact that 90 percent of the jobs available to college men make little or no contribution to these intellectual achievements characterizing the college experience．We must notice that 90 percent of the jobs taken by college students are not helpful for their study and development. The silly idea that students work and earn money in college years must be given up.8. bosh: n. pretentious or silly talk or writing; nonsense, e.g．You're talking bosh!9. epitome: n. a brief abstract (as of an article or book); a thing that shows on a small scale all the characteristics of sth. much larger; a person or thing that is a perfect example of quality, type, etc.10. eliminate: v. ①remove (especially sb./sth. that is notwanted or needed), e.g．a. eliminate mistakes from one's writingb. The police have eliminated two suspects (from their enquiry)．c. eliminate waste matter from the body②(especially passive)dismiss from consideration or a contest,e.g．He was eliminated (from the contest) in the fourth round．11. sift: v. ①put (sth.) through a sieve②separate sth. from sth. by putting it through a sieve, e.g.sift (out) the lumps from the flour, the wheat from the chaff③examine sth. very carefully, e.g．a. sift through the piles of correspondenceb. sift the evidence, data, etc.12. happenstance: n. an event that might have been arranged although it was really accidental13. We have talked so proudly of those who have earned their way and who have made good that we have overlooked those who earned their way and didn't amount to the proverbial row of pins．We admire those who worked in college and later made great achievements but we often unnoticed that there are people who also worked in college but became undistinguished．14. proverbial: adj. ①of, like or expressed in a proverb②widely known and spoken of, e.g.a. His stupidity is proverbial.b. I decided not to ask her for a loan in view of her proverbial meanness．15. not amount to the row of pins: count for nothing16. herculean: adj. extremely difficult; requiring the strength of a Hercules; displaying superhuman strength or power, e.g．a herculean task17. self deluded: adj. self deceiveddelude: v. deliberately mislead sb. ; deceive sb., e.g．a. a poor deluded foolb. delude sb. with empty promises18. inculcate: v. fix (ideas, principles, etc.) firmly in one's mind, especially by repetition, e.g．a. inculcate in young people a respect for the lawb. inculcate young people with a respect for the law19. alibi: n. ①a formal statement or evidence that a person was in another place at the time of a crime, e.g．The suspects all had good alibis for the day of the robbery.②(infml)an excuse of any kind, e.g．Late again, Richard？ What's your alibi this time？20. mediocrity: n. ordinariness as a consequence of being average and not outstanding; a person of second rate ability or valuemediocre: adj. not very good; second rate, e.g．a. His films are mediocre．b. a mediocre actor/display/ meal21. reverence: n.～(for sb./sth.) feeling of deep respect or (especially religious) veneration, e.g．a. He removed his hat as a sign of reverence．b. He felt/had/showed great reverence for Leonardo．22. sluggard: n. an idle slothful person23. atrophy: n. a decrease in size of an organ caused by disease or disuse, e.g．The cultural life of the country will sink into atrophy unlessmore writers and artists emerge．v. (cause sth. to) suffer atrophy, e.g．atrophied limbs/ muscles24. slovenly: adj. negligent of neatness especially in dress and person; habitually dirty and unkempt, e.g．a. a slovenly waiter/ secretary/ cook, etc.b. Those terrible overalls would make anyone look slovenly．25. imperturbable: adj. not easily perturbed or excited or upset; marked by extreme calm and composure, e.g．She was one of those imperturbable people who never get angry or upset．Information Surfing1. Ralph Cooper Hutchison (1898—1966): President of Washington & Jefferson College and Lafayette College. He attended Lafayette College, graduating in 1918. He served in the United States Naval Aviation Corps from May to November of 1918. In 1919, following his service, Hutchison earned a Master’s degree from Harvard University. He attended Princeton Theological Seminary and was ordained as a preacher in the Presbyterian Church on April 21, 1922. He earned a Ph.D. degree from the University of Pennsylvania in 1925. In 1930, Lafayette College conferred the Doctor of Divinity degree on Dr. Hutchison. He also worked for the Presbyterian Board of Christian Education and was a missionary in Persia. He served as Dean of the American University at Teheran, Iran, which grew from a small high school to an institution of over 800. He returned to the United States when his wife contracted an “Asiatic malady.”Elks Hall: the largest hall rented by the City of Spruce Grove in CanadaRobinson Crusoe: a novel by Daniel Defoe that was first published in 1719. The book is a fictional autobiography of the title character—a castaway named Robinson Crusoe who spends 28 years on a remote tropical island near Venezuela, encountering native Americans, captives and mutineers before being rescued．2. Omitted.Text UnderstandingA. Literal comprehension1. D2. (1) F(2) T(3) F(4) T(5) F(6) F3. (1) It is most important for a man to acquire knowledge and abilities in college life．(2) We must notice that 90 percent of the jobs taken by college students are not helpful for their study and development. The silly idea that students work and earn money in college years must be given up．(3) Students must concentrate on their study. The distraction from the college world is a loss．(4) We admire those who worked in college and later made great achievements but we often unnoticed that there are people who also worked in college but became undistinguished．(5) Although work in college might satisfy and expand their vanity, their intellectual development could be neglected．B. Inferential comprehension1. Answers are acceptable as long as they make sense．2. “Work one's way through college” has its values such as money, social experience and vanity, but it is no better than the values gained from the college study and could be an interference of study. (State the purpose of the prose in your own words.)3. Authors use tone to convey their message or point of view. Their attitude about the topic will be evident by the tone of their writing. Hutchison is persuasive. Supporting evidence includes abundant sentences is listed below:（1) If these menial functions have such high value, why go to college？（2) A boy can sweep floors, press suits, drive delivery wagons, and shovel coal without going to college and paying for the privilege．（3) But it is not better than studying one's way through college．（4) The fact therefore that a man earned his way through college means nothing unless the man got something as he went though．（5) In one case play interferes with education. In the other, menial, driving, all absorbing remunerative work does the same．（6) Waiving aside this sentimental bosh about college jobs, we must recognize the fact that 90 percent of the jobs available to college men make little or no contribution to this intellectual achievements characterizing the college experience．C. Text awareness1&2. Part 1 (Paras. 12): Lead in—Is it worthy or not of working one's way through college？Para. 1:What if the physician and lawyer changed their jobs into manual ones？Para. 2:The menial functions of the manual jobs are not of high value in college．Part 2 (Paras. 314): Body—The values of college education and the illusions of working one's way through collegePara. 3:a transitional and topic paragraphPara. 4:The first illusion on working one's way through college is “to get through college.”Para. 5:The first value of college education—developing the mental abilities.Para. 6:Most of the jobs available to college men are not helpful in their intellectual training．Para. 7:The second value of college education—dealing with contemporaries in a peculiar society of college.Para. 8:How to make one's way and succeed in social training in college.Para. 9:Earning jobs interferes with the process of social training in college．Para. 10:The second illusion on working one's way through college.Para. 11:The third illusion on working one's way through college.Para. 12:Earning means was an interference to the men who made good in life．Para. 13:The distinguished men would do better if they didn't have to earn in college．Para. 14:The satisfaction of working makes people neglect their mental and social developments．Part 3 (Para.15): Conclusion—Earning work in college is a virtue only when necessary．3.Writing techniquesExamplescomparison and contrastThere are great values to be had from the experience of earning...But there are still higher values for these men if they will stay at their first tasks; Yes, working one's way through college has its values.It is better than not going to college... But it is not better than studying one's way through college; What counts is what a man gets out of college... But if he does not get these proper values, he has nothing; Nor, on the other hand, do we make special note of the fact...; No, all too often the reverse is true; Their hard outside work exalts the ego while the mind atrophies; But to have done the same thing in London would have been an absurdity; etc.analogyThe physician might learn a lot about iron...The lawyer would learn a great deal about bricks...Surely a college student gains much when he sweeps floors...; They are in some cases like the playboys. In one case play interferes with education. In the other, menial, driving, all absorbing remunerative work does the same; Mentally they are as soft as a fat baby is physically.simile and metaphorWell, men came to college having never used 70 percent of their mental “muscles”; Mentally they are as soft as a fat baby is physically; or open the windows of their souls; Here is created for a student a concentrated world, an epitome of life.paralleled structureHere he must learn the art of following ... He must choose friends and develop ... He must match wits, struggle for recognition...; he will need every ounce of strength, every vestige of enthusiasm, and every amount of time; That's why some go to college... That's why they work like slaves... That's why they go hungry of education. That's why they stick when others /doc/ff14020396.html,nguage BuildingVocabularyA. 1. c2. g3. a4. i5. j6. h7. b8. f9. d10. eB. 1. proverbial2. get through3. go hungry4. indomitable5. make note of6. count on7. tie down8. waived aside9. make good10. under no illusionTranslationA. 1. Don't neglect those who didn't amount to the proverbial row of pins．2. He spoke to the effect that the same symbol carries different implication or association in different cultures.3. This sounds like a lot of small earthquakes, but there are never enough small ones to eliminate the occasional large event．4. Schools inculcate children with patriotic ideas．5. While this alibi may be a lie, Tommy really was innocent．6. Science means honest, solid knowledge, allowing not an iota of false hood, and it involves Herculean efforts and grueling toil．7. Post modernists attack it for being biased, self deluded and ultimately responsible for the worst in Western civilization．8. They were exalted by the news of the victory．B. 人们对上大学打工挣钱普遍存在的错觉是由几种错误观念造成的。
Unit 3 Attitudes Toward Work
In-class reading
summary
Today’s workers want meaning in their work and balance in their lives. Companies should try to adapt to the change and make help work more meaningful. Future organizations should build strong, collaborative relationships with employees if they want to be successful.
After-Class Reading passage 1 work lovers or work addicts leisure n.空闲，空闲时间
来自古法语leisir
What
do you do in your leisure time?
你空闲时间做些什么？
Let someone/something go
Be sensitive to
She
is sensitive to what people think of her.
paper is sensitive to light.
Photographic
Make a/no/some/ difference
The
It
rain has some difference to he game.
The public will remember for a long time that Texaco failed to stop racial discrimination within its own organization. Within its own ranks在公司内部
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Unit 3 Work and Workforce Part I A Speaker 1 Psychologist listening / talk / problems / patients / progress / turn life around Speaker 2 Camp counselor kids / problems / win trust / open up /develop confidence & self-worth / summer Speaker 3 Firefighter burning / smoke / get people out /dangerous A Tape scripts 1. Psychologist Maybe the biggest challenge for me is listening to people talk about all their problems. At the end of the day, I'm usually pretty worn out. At times, it can be depressing as well. On the other hand, I do see patients making real progress. It's great to see someone really turn their life around and get on top of a problem that they thought they never could deal with. 2. Camp counselor As a camp counselor, it's difficult to find a way to get through to kids with problems and win their trust. Sometimes kids are very suspicious and find it hard to trust an adult -- even a young adult. So getting them to open up is the hardest part. Once you've done that, they almost become different people. One of the things I find most rewarding is seeing kids develop confidence and a sense of self-worth. It's especially great to see that happen in a kid who started out the summer with low self-esteem. 3. Firefighter It sounds pretty obvious, but in my job, the biggest challenge is going into a burning building that's full of smoke when you can barely see a few inches in front of you. It's really difficult -- especially when you know there are people in there, and it's your job to get them out. Once you do get someone out safely, then you feel really great and you forget about how dangerous the work is. B B
Speaker 1 (Justin) forming his own music group recording album / making music video breaking into music scene in a big way Speaker 2(Sophia) being a doctor working first overseas then back home in a hospital Speaker 3 (Rachel) being a model starting her own modeling agency Tape scripts 1. Justin What do I hope I’ll have achieved by the time 30? Well, I hope I’ll have made a successful career in the music industry. Right now, I play in a band and I’d love to be able to do that professionally. I plan to form a group of my own in a few years. Once we get known, we’ll record an album - and make music videos, of course - and try to break into the music scene in a big way. 2. Sophia I plan to be a doctor. When I’ve graduated from med school and finished with my interning, I want to work overseas for a few years. I’ll probably work in a developing country with an organization like LNICEF. After that, I’ll come back home and work in a hospital. I don’t really care if I make a lot of money or not, but I do want to work somewhere where I feel I can make a difference. 3. Rachel I’m planning to be a model. I’ve already had some modeling experience, and after I graduate, I’m going to see if I can get a job with an agency in New York or Los Angeles. I’ll probably work as a model for ten years or so, and then I hope to start a modeling agency of my own. C Tape scripts Job Interview R - Receptionist S - Steve B - Boush
R: Good morning. How can I help you! S: I have an appointment with the personnel director Mr. Boush. R: Will you take a seat and I’ll see if he is free yet. S: Thank you. ( Later) R: Mr. Li, Mr. Boush will see you now. His office is down the hall to your left. S: Thank you. (Steve introduces himself) S: Mr. Boush, I’m Steve Li. B: Well, hello, Mr. Li ( Extends his hand - they shake hands.) It’s early and you’ve come a long way just for an interview. S: Yes, sir. We read your ad in the paper and my aunt said that this is a very reputable firm and since I want to be a lawyer someday we thought this job would give me a good start. B: I see. Of course you realize it will be dull for a while. You wouldn’t get to practice law right off. S: Oh, I realize that, sir. B: It would be mostly filing, tracking things down and looking things up. All sorts of odd jobs - delivering things to the court house, and bringing things that the lawyers forgot. Even running down to get them a sandwich now and then. S: I wouldn’t mind that, sir. At least I could get the feel of a law office. B: What kind of a lawyer do you want to be, Steve? S: A corporation lawyer, sir. I’m good at figures. B: Oh! That’s interesting. We can always use a good head for math around here. What grade are you in? S: I’ll be a senior next year. B: And what law school do you plan to go to? S: Harvard, sir. B: Well, that’s setting your mark high enough. You realize this job doesn’t pay very much, don’t you? S: Yes, sir, but I can get by and like my aunt said I can wait another year before t buy a car. Experience and education are more important, now. B: Well, Steve, if you are smart enough to figure that out you are smart enough for this job. When can you come to work? S: Right now, sir! You mean it7 B: Yes, you’ve got yourself a job but take a couple of days to get located and find your way