(物流管理word)物流专业相关词汇

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物流专业英语词汇集

Destination 目的地Assembling 组装Barcode scanning 条形码扫描Fumigation 熏蒸GOH 挂衣处理CFS 集装箱货运代理Broker 中间人Stuffing 装箱Carrier 承运人LSP 物流服务提供者IATA 国际航空运输协会Booking space 订舱NVOCC 无船承运人呢Cartage 搬运EDI电子数据交换Terminal 集散中心 /终端TEU 20英尺柜的集装箱Bonded trucking 保税托运Exhibition logistics 展品物流Project cargo 项目货物Outbound 外运CMA 达飞Agency network 网络代理Shipper 收货人Charter vessel 租船Customs brokerage 保管经济Import and export cargoes 进出口货物Accounting settlement 会计结算Space booking 订舱Charter services 包机服务CAAC中国民航总同IATA 中国航空运输协会Price-lists 价格单Catalogues 目录Trade discounts 贸易折扣Terms of payment 付款方式The commercia councilor'sOffice 商务处Lowest quotation 最低报价For your reference 供你方参号Enquiries 询盘Offers 圾盘Counte-offers 还盘Non-firm offer 虚盘Firm offer 实盘CFR 成本加运费The borad of directors 董事长FOB成本保险加运费All-in rate 全包价BAF燃油附加费DDC 目的地运送费Carrier 承运人T/T 电汇Rates ex-shanghai 上海交货价Payment terms 付款条件CIF washington 华盛顿Ouf of stock 缺货Proforma invoice 形成发票Outer packing 外装Inner packing 内包装Non-negotiable bill of lading 不可转让的提单Insurance policy 保险单Certificate of quality 质量证明书ETA=estimated time of arrival 估计到达时间ETD=estimated time of departure 预计出发时间Carriage forward 运费时间The packaging must be seaworthy and strong enough to stand rough handling包装必须适合海运，足够牢固，经得起野蛮搬运AWB 航空提单Point of origin 产地Point of consumption 销地Supply chain management 供应链管理Waste disposal 废物处理Marketing orientation 营销定位Post-sale support 售后服务Reverse distribution 逆向配送Logistics management 物流管理Raw material 原材料Time and place utility 时间与地点效应Inventory control 库存控制Traffic and transportation 交通运输Warehousing and storage 仓储和储藏Material handling 物料搬运Proprietary asset 专有资产GNP 国民生产总值GDP 国内生产总值Prospective customer潜在顾客Freight forward 货运代理Market coverage市场覆盖面Loss and damage performance 货损，货差Railroad sorting yards 铁路编组站The lift capacity 装载量Distribution center 配送中心Marine shipping 海运Packaged products 包装产品Bills of lading 提单Freight bills 运费单Shipping manifests 载货清单Receipt 收据Damage claims 损坏销售Terms and conditions 条款Acts of God 不可抗力ICC 国际商会negotiable bill of lading 可转让提单Original bill of lading 原提单a third party 第三方Prepaid 预付Point of origin 产地Collect 到付Consignee 收货人EDI 电子数据交换Prospective customer 潜在的客户Piggyback 背负试运输Freight forwarders 货运代理Market coverage 市场覆盖面Loss and damage 货损货差Point-to-point service 逐点服务Door-to-door service 门到门服务Physical distribution 实物配送Sales performance 营销业绩Profit potential 利润潜力Zero defect service 零缺服务Marketing strategy 营销策略Intensive distribution 集约式分销Selective distribution选择性分销Exclusive distribution 独家分销Retailers 零销商Wholesaler 批发商Exclusive franchise 独家特殊权DC 配送中心JIT 及时Point of sales 销售点Value-added services 增值服务Efficient consumer response 有效客户反应Final assembly 总装Physical distribution 实物配送Distribution center 配送中心Point of sales 销售点Total cost 总成本Transportation economics运输经营LTL 零担运价Field warehouse 产地仓储Volume purchase 批量购买Order selection 分拣Quantity discounts 折扣Point of origin 产地Field warehouse 产地仓库LTL rate 零担运价Quantity discount 数量折扣Order cycle 订单周期Communications network 信息网络Cycle stock 周期性库存In-transit inventories 途中库存Safety stock 安全库存Seasonal stock 季节性库存Inventory management 库存管理Dead stock 死库存Quantity discount 数量折扣Planned economy 计划经济The consumer package 商业包装The industrial package 工业包装Upc（universal product code）通用条形码Consumer package 商业包装Industrial package 工业包装Damage-free goods 无损伤货物Universal product code（upc）通用商品码Eft=electronic fund transf 电子资金转移Edi 电子数据交换Ultimate customer =end user 最终用户Logistics information systems 物流信息系统Bar-code 条形码By-products 副产品Forecasting methods 预测方法Customer demand 客户需求Stock-out 缺货Out of stock 缺货In stock 有库存Market strategies 市场策划Customer loyalty 顾客忠诚度Manufacturing capabilities 生产能力Materials requirements planning（mrp）systems 材料需求规划Upstream firm 上游企业Downstream firm 下游企业Point of origin 产地Focal firm 核心企业Performance expectation 业绩期望Contractual mechanism 合同机制Delivery date 交货日期Registered capital 注册资金Scope of business 业务范围Barter trade and compensation trade以贸易换贸易补偿贸易Commission sales，exclusive sales andconsignment sales委托销售，独家销售，寄售Legal representative 法人代表Customs clearance 进出口货物储存Corporate capacity 法人资格Fixed as sets 固定资产Liquid capital 流动资金Business turnover 营业额Business scope 经营范围Booking agency 票代理Fcl and lcl 整装和零担TEUs of outbound cargo 20英尺集装箱Iata 国际航空运输协会Nvocc 无船承运人Purchase order processing 订单处理FIATA(the international federation of freightforwarding agents）国际航空快递Customs declaration 报关CPS 集装箱货运站Barcode scanning 条形码扫描Q.A.Center 品质保障中心Forwarders 承运人Consolidators 集运人FCL 整箱运输Container manifest 集装箱载货单P.O. 购物单Brokerage 经纪人SES/ATLCommercial invoice 商业发票LCL 拼箱装运Point of origin 产地FCL 整箱装运Remittance 汇付Collection 托收Letter of credit 信用证Mail transfer ，M/T 信汇Telegraphic 电汇Demand draft D/D 票汇Confirmed L/C 保税信用证Defer payment 延期付款Take this opportunity 趁此机会Net cash 全部金额Freight prepaid 运费预付A/C 账户Issuing bank 开证行D/P 付款交单D/A 承兑交单COSCO 中国远洋运输总公司CCPIT 中国贸易促进委员会Notify party 提单上通知人Certificate of origin 原产地证明书Means of transport and route 运输方式及路线It is hereby certified that the declaration by the export is correct出口商的证明准确无误。

物流专业英语词汇解析

物流专业英语词汇大全-物流英语-物流专业英语-物流英语词汇表一、物流英语的145个专业词汇二、常用物流英语50句1.Modern logistics is one of the most challenging and exciting jobs in the world.现代物流是世界上最富挑战性和最激动人心的工作。

2.Logistics is part of a supply chain.物流是供应链的整体组成部分。

3.Logistics is anything but a newborn baby.物流不是新鲜事。

4.Logistics is a unique global “pipeline”.物流是独特的全球通道。

5.Logistics is related to the effective and efficient flow of materials and information.物流所涉及的是物料和信息有效、快速的流动。

6.Logistics operation and management include packaging, warehousing, material handling, inventory control, transport, forecasting, strategic planning, customer service, etc.物流操作和管理包括包装、仓储、物料搬运、库存控制、运输、预测、战略计划和客户服务等方面。

7.Logistics consists of warehousing, transportation, loading and unloading, handling, carrying, packaging, processing, distribution andlogistics information.物流由仓储、运输、装卸、搬运、包装、加工、配送和物流信息所组成。

供应链物流管理专业词汇整理

Chapter11.supply chain management 供应链管理2.zero defect 零缺陷3.perfect order 完美订单4.six-sigma performance 六西格玛管理体系5.marketing channel 营销渠道6.economic value 经济价值7.economy of scale 规模效益8.market value 市场价值9.trade-off 背反关系rmation sharing paradigm 信息共享模式11.process specialization paradigm 过程专业化模式12.electronic data interchange（EDI）电子信息交换13.made to plan（MTP）根据计划推测生产14.lead-time 交货期15.made to order（MTO）根据订单生产16.logistic outsourcing 物流外包17.stock keeping unit（SKU）库存单位18.integrated service provider（ISP）一体化服务供应商19.public warehouse公共仓库20.value-added service 增值服务21.third-party service provider 3PL 第三方物流服务供应商22.fourth-party service provider 4PL 第四方物流服务供应商23.anticipatory business model（push）预测性商业模式24.responsive business model（pull）快速响应型商业模式25.logistics postponement 物流延迟26.cash-to-cash conversion 现金转化周期27.dead net pricing 完全净价28.cash spin 现金周转29.operational performance 运作绩效30.order processing 订单处理31.customer accommodation 市场分销Chapter2 Inbound logistics 采购运筹，进口物流1.Procurement perspective and strategies 采购远景和策略2.continuous supply 持续供应3.minimize inventory investment 减少存货投资-JIT4.quality improvement 质量改进5.lowest total cost of ownership-TCO 所有权总成本最低6.supplier-buyer integration 供方买方整合7.value management 价值管理8.sales synergy 销售协同9.Manufacturing perspective and strategies 生产远景和策略10.brand power 品牌力11.Lead time 备货期12.Make-to-stock（MTS）备货型生产13.Make-to-order（MTO）订货型生产14.Assemble-to-order（ATO）面向订单装配15.Material Requirement Planning(MRP) 物料需求计划Chapter3 Outbound Logistics 出货物流1.Supply chain service output 供应链营运功率2.Spatial convenience 空间便利性3.Lot size 批量4.Waiting time 等待时间5.Stock out frequency 缺货率6.Fill rate 供应比率7. Sales and operations planning 销售和运作计划8.Order shipped complete 订货完成率9.Operation Performance 运行性能：10.Service Reliability 服务可靠性11.Customer Satisfaction 顾客满意度：12.Value added service 增值业务：13.Customer-focused services顾客导向之服务14.Promotion-focused services促销导向之服务15.Manufacturing-focused services 生产导向之服务16.Time-based services 基于时间的服务17.Distribution Resource Planning (DRP) 配送资源计划18.Total Quality Management全面质量管理19.customer relationship management（CRM）客户关系管理20.International Organization for Standardization（ISO）国际标准化组织21.European Article Numbering(EAN)欧洲物品编码22.Total Cost of Ownership所有权的总成本23.Economic Order Quantity(EOQ）经济订货量24.authorized economic operator授权经济运营25.make-to-plan（MTP)计划型生产26.Assemble-to-order面向订单装配27.materials requirements planning(MRP）物料需求计划28.performance-based logistics基于性能的物流29.Master Production Schedule主生产计划30.Bill of Materials 物料清单31.Distribution Resource Planning分销资源计划32.Supply chain information systems 供应链信息系统33.Enterprise Resource Planning（ERP)企业资源规划34.transportation management system运输管理系统35.Warehouse management system存货管理系统36.Yard management system堆场管理系统Advanced Planning and Scheduling(APS) 高级计划与排程系统37. available to promise 可行性承诺38.Collaborative Planning, Forecasting and Replenishment(CPFR)协同规划，预测和补货39.bills of lading提单40. proof of delivery交货证明Chapter4Geographical specialization 地域专门化Decoupling 库存的“分离”作用Balancing supply and demand 平衡供需Buffering uncertainty 降低不确定性因素Service lever 服务水平Average inventory 平均库存Inventory policy 存货政策Cycle inventory, or base stock 周转库存Safety stock inventory 安全库存Transit inventory 在途库存Order quantity 订购数量Transit inventory 已中转存货Obsolete inventory陈旧存货Speculative inventory投机性存货Safety stock 安全储备Reorder point 再订货点Inventory turns库存周转次数performance cycle or lead time绩效循环Inventory carrying cost 库存持有成本Volume Transportation Rates体积运输率Free On board (FOB) 船上交货价Quantity Discount大批量折扣Other EOQ Adjustments其他存货调整Demand uncertainty 需求的不确定性Performance cycle uncertainty 运行周期的不确定性Standard deviation 标准差Poisson distribution 泊松分布Safety Stock with Combined Uncertainty安全库存结合的不确定性Numerical compounding 精确合成Estimating Fill Rate估计填充率Dependent Demand Replenishment相关需求补给Safety time 安全时间Over planning top-level demand 对高水平需求的超额预测Inventory control 库存控制Perpetual Review 永续盘存Periodic Review 定期盘存Reactive inventory system 反应式库存系统Pull inventory system 拉动式库存系统Fair Share Allocation 公平份额分配法Distribution Requirements Planning (DRP) 配送需求计划Collaborate Inventory Replenishment 联合库存补充Vendor-Managed Inventory (VMI) 供应商管理存货Profile Replenishment (PR) 系列补货Product Classification Analysis (ABC) 产品分类分析Product/Market Classification 产品/市场分类Segment Strategy Definition 战略定义Policies and Parameters 政策和参数Chapter5,6(第八、九、十章）第八章Transportation InfrastructureIn-transit inventory在途库存Diversion转移Economy of scale规模经济 economy of distance 距离经济Tapering principle 远距离递减原则Consignor 发货人 consignee 收货人United States Postal Service （USPS）美国邮政服务Department of Transportation（DOT）运输部门Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) 洲际商会Surface Transportation Board (STB) 陆地运输局Rights-of-way 通行权Ton-mile 吨英里Truckload（TL) 整车运输less—than—truckload（LTL) 零担运输specialty 专项运输North America Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) 北美自由贸易协定Central America Free Trade Act (CAFTA) 中美洲自由贸易法United Parcel Service (UPS) 联合包裹运输服务公司Piggyback service 驼背式运输服务Land bridge 大陆桥Freight forwarders 货运代理人第九章Transportation OperationsStowability 装载能力Hundredweight （CWT) 英担Transport lane 运输通道Back-haul 可带回去Deadheaded 空车返回Variable costs 可变成本Fixed costs 固定成本Joint costs 连带成本Common costs公共成本Cost-of-service 服务成本策略Value-of-service 服务价值策略Combination pricing strategy 组合定价策略Net-rate pricing 净费率定价策略Tariff 费率表Class rate 费率类别Minimum charges and surcharges最低收费和附加费Commodity rate 商品费率Exception rates 特价费率Aggregate tender rate累计费率Limited service rate 有限服务费率Shipper load and count rate 发货人装载和清点费率Released value rate 免责价值费率Freight-all-kind (FAK) rates 均价费率Local rate 地方费率Single-line rate单线费率Joint rate 联合费率Proportional rate比例费率Transit service 转运服务Diversion and reconsignment 转移并变更收货人Split delivery 分票交付Demurrage 滞期费Detention 滞留费用Special or accessorial service 特别的或者附属的费用Special equipment charges 特殊设备使用费Transportation management system （TMS）运输管理系统Core carrier strategy 核心承运人战略Integrated service providers （ISPs）Reactive and proactive反应性和主动性Market area 市场范围法Scheduled area delivery 定期运送Pooled delivery集中运送Preorder planning 预订计划Multi-vendor consolidation 多卖主集拼Expediting 加急Hours of service（HOS) 服务时间Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration联邦汽车运输安全管理局Loss or damage 货物丢失和损伤Overcharge/undercharge索价过低Preaudit 事前审核Post audit 事后审核Bill of lading 提货单Order-notified 待命提单Freight bill运费账单Prepaid or collect 预付或到付Shipment manifest装货清单Free on board船上交货Freight on board 离岸价格F.O.B. Origin FOB原产地价格F.O.B. Destination pricing FOB交货地价格F.O.B. 离岸价Delivered pricing 交货价Single-zone delivered pricing单地区定价Multiple-zone delivered pricing多地区定价Base—point pricing system基点定价系统Phantom freight在售价上加计的运费Freight absorption 运费免收Substantially lessen competition 大大减少竞争Forward-buy 提前购买Every Day Low Pricing（EDLP）天天低价Activity-based costing 作业成本法Total cost-to-serve model总成本与服务模型第十章 WarehousingDistribution center 分销中心Just-in-time （JIT）准时制生产Cross-docking 越库式转运Mixing组合作业Assembly 装配作业Lead suppliers or tier one suppliers 主供应商或一级供应商Environmental Protection Agency（EPA）环境保护机构Food and Drug Administration（FDA）食品药物监管会Occupational Safety and Health Administration（OSHA）职业安全与卫生管理局Spot-stocked 定点储存Value-added services（VAS）增值服务Transfer and selection 货物的转移和分拣作业Flow-through or cross-dock distribution通过式配送或越库式转运Extended storage 长期储存Contract warehousing 合同仓储Selection or picking area 分拣作业的区域Discrete selection and wave selection 单独分拣和区域分拣Batch selection 批次挑选Chapter 7 Integrated Operations PlanningSupply Chain Planning供应链计划Supply chain visibility供应链的可见性Simultaneous resource consideration资源的同步考虑Resource utilization资源的利用率Supply Chain Planning Applications供应链计划应用系统Demand Planning需求计划Product Planning生产计划Logistics Planning 物流计划Sales and Operations Planning (S&OP)销售和作业计划系统Maximize production产量最大化Stable schedule稳定的生产进度Long lead times长的提前期Lower margins较低的利润Aggregate forecasts总体预测Rapid response 快速响应Maximize revenue 利润最大化Collaborative planning协同计划Exponential smoothing指数平滑法extended exponential smoothing扩展平滑法Adaptive smoothing调节性平滑法Multiple regression多元回归Chapter 8 Global Supply ChainGlobal Supply Chain Integration全球供应链一体化Stages of international development国际化发展的阶段Use restriction使用限制Price surcharges价格附加费Local presence本地经营Global Sourcing 国际采购Rationale for Low-Cost-Country sourcing低成本国家采购的理由Guidelines for sourcing采购的指导方针Achieve economies of scale实现规模经济Reduce direct cost减少直接成本Reduce market access uncertainty减少市场准入的不确定性Enhance sustainability增强可持续性Combined transport document联运单据Commercial invoice商业发票Insurance certificate保险证书Certificate of origin原产地证书Logistics Performance Index（LPI）物流绩效指数Chapter 9 Chapter 10(第十五、十六章)SDWT--self-directed work teams 自我指导工作小组Balanced scorecards 平衡计分卡Balance sheet 资产负债表Income statement 利润表The great divide 严重断层Reliability-based trust 以可靠性为基础的信任Character-based trust 以特性为基础的信任Average order cycle time 平均订货周期时间Order cycle consistency 订货周期一致性On-time delivery 准时交货Downtime 停工期Inventory turnover rate 库存周转率ROA---return on assets 资产回报率ROI---return on investment 投资回报率RONW---return on net worth 净值回报率Contribution approach 贡献毛利法Net profit approach 净利润法SPM---Strategic Profit Model 战略盈利模型CMROI---contribution margin return on inventory investment库存投资利润贡献率。

物流专业词汇与释义

LOGISTICS 物流LOGISTICS MODULUS 物流模数SUPPLY LOGISTICS 供应物流PRODUCTION LOGISTICS 生产物流DISTRIBUTION LOGISTICS 销售物流RETURNED LOGISTICS 回收物流INTERNAL LOGISTICS 企业物流EXTERNAL LOGISTICS 社会物流THIRD PART LOGISTICS （TPL）第三方物流CUSTOMIZED LOGISTICS 定制物流SUPPLYCHAIN 供应链BAR CODE 条码ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE （EDI）电子数据交换TRANSPORTATION 运输CONTAINERIZED TRANSPORT 集装运输CONTAINER TRANSPORT 集装箱运输DOOR-TO-DOOR 门到门STORING 储存STORAGE 保管INVENTORY 库存STACKING 堆码HANDLING/CARRYING 搬运LOADING AND UNLOADING 装卸UNIT LOADING AND UNLOADING 单元装卸PACKAGE/PACKAGING 包装PALLETIZING 托盘包装CONTAINERIZATION 集装化DISTRIBUTION 配送JOINT DISTRIBUTION 共同配送SORTING 分拣DISTRIBUTION PROCESSING 流通加工WAREHOUSE 仓库VIRTUAL WAREHOUSE 虚拟仓库RECEIVING SPACE 收货区SHIPPING SPACE 发货区PALLET 托盘CONVEYOR 输送机CONTAINER 集装箱TWENTY-FEET EQUIVALENT UNIT （TEU）换算箱CONTAINER TERMINAL 集装箱码头INTERNATIONAL MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT 国际多式联运LAND BRIDGE TRANSPORT 大陆桥运输LINER TRANSPORT 班轮运输SHIPPING BY CHARTERING 租船运输SHIPPING AGENCY 船务代理TALLY 理货CUSTOMS DECLARATION 报关INVENTORY CONTROL 库存控制ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY（EOQ）经济订货批量FIXED QUANTITY SYSTEM（FQS）定量订货方式FIXED INTERVAL SYSTEM（FIS）定期订货方式ABC CLASSIFICATION ABC分类管理（A类为特别重要库存B类为一般重要库存C类为不重要的库存）JIST—IN—TIME（JIT）准时制MATERIAL REQUIREMENTS PLANNING（MRP）物料需要计划DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENTS PLANNING（DRP）配送需要计划LOGISTICS RESOURCE PLANNING（LRP）物流资源计划ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING（ERP）企业资源计划SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT（SCM）供应链管理QUICK RESPONSE（QR）快速反应OUTSOURCING 业务外包AFTER—SALES SERVICE 售后服务ARBITRAGE 套利AUTOMATED WAREHOUSE 自动仓库BACK HAUL 回程BAR CODE LABEL 条形码标签BAR CODE SCANNER 条形码扫描机BELT CONVEYOR 皮带式输送带BILL OF LADING（B/L）托运单BULK CONTAINER 散装集装箱BULL 卖空者BULL MARKET 牛市CARGO 货物CLAIM 索赔CUSTOMER SERVICE 客户服务CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP MANAGEMENT（CRM）客户关系管理DATA WAREHOUSING 数据仓库DE-CONSOLIDATION CENTER 分货中心DISTRIBUTED RESOURCE PLANNING（DRP）分销资源计划DECISION SUPORT SYSTEM（DSS）决策支持系统DUTY 关锐ECONOMIC STOCK 经济存货EXPORT 出口FIREWALL 防火墙FLEET 车（船）队GATEWAY 转运站GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEM（GIS）地理信息系统GLOBAL OSITIONING YSTEM（GPS）全球定位系统GLOBAL LOGISTICS 全球物流HAND TRUCK 手推车HANDHELD SCANNER 手提式扫描仪INTEGRATED LOGISTICS 集成物流INVENTORY CONTROL 库存控制LOGISTICS ENGINEERING 物流工程MAKE TO ORDER 订单生产MARKET SHARE 市场份额MULTI-STORY WAREHOUSE 多层仓库NET WEIGHT 净重ON SEASON 旺季ORDER POINT SYSTEM （OPS）定货点法OVERLOAD 超载PACKAGE 包裹PROCUREMENT 采购QUALITY CONTROL 质量控制QUOTAS 配额RACK 货架RETAIL SELLING 零售SAFETY STOCK 安全存货SUPPLY CHAIN 供应链SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT（SCM）供需链管理TANK CONTAINER 罐装集装箱VACUUM PACKAGING 真空包装VEHICLE 车辆WAREHOUSING 仓储WASTE 废弃物WHOLESALERS 批发商ZERO STOCK 零库存ADC(AUTOMATIC DATE COLLECTION) 自动数据采集AGV（AUTOMATIC GUIDED VEHICLE）自动导引车AOL（AMERICAN ONLINE）美国在线服务ASP（APPLICATION SERVICE PROVIDER）应用服务提供商ASRS（AUTOMATED STORAGE AND RETRIEVAL SYSTEM）自动化存取系统B2A（BUSINESS TO ADMINISTRATION）企业与行政机构的电子商务B2B （BUSINESS TO BUSINESS）企业与企业的电子商务B2C （BUSINESS TO CONSUMER）企业与消费者的电子商务BC （BAR CODE）条码B/L（BILL OF LADING）提单CAD （COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN）计算机辅助设计CAE （COMPUTER AIDED ENGINEERING）计算机辅助工程CAO （COMPUTER AIDED ORDERING）计算机辅助订货CIF （COMPUTER AND FREIGHT）成本加保险费加运费价CNN （CABLE NEWS NETWORK）美国有线新闻网C．O（CERTIFICAE OF ORIGIN）一般原产地证COD （CASH ON DELIVERY）交货收款CY （CONTAINER YARD）集装箱堆场D/A（DOCUMENT AGAINST ACCEPTANCE）承兑交单DDC（DESTINATION DELIVERY CHARGE）目的港交货费DEQ（DELIVERED EX QUAY）目的港码头交货价DG（DANGEROUS GOODS）危险物品DN（DOMAIN NAME）域名DOC（DOCUMENT）文件、单据D/O (DELIVERY ORDER) 提货单DOZ/DZ（DOZEN）一打D/P（DOCUMENT AGAINST PAYMENT）付款交单DRP（DISTRIBUTION REQUIREMENT PLANNING）配送需求计划DSS（DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM）决策支持系统EAN（EUROPEAN ARTICLE NUMBER）欧州条码系统EB（ELECTRONIC COMMERCIAL）电子商务EDI（ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE）电子数据交换EMS（EXPRESS MAIL SPECIAL）特快专递EOQ（ECONOMIC ORDER QUANTITY）电子订货系统ERC（EMPTY RETRUN CHARGES）空箱回运箱费ERP（ENTERPRISE RESOURCE PLANNING）企业资源计划EXP（EXPORT）出口FCL（FULL CONTAINER LOAD）整箱FDA（FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION）美国食品与药物管理局FedEX（FEDERAL EXPRESS）联邦快递ETP（FILE TRANSFER PROTOCOL）文件传输协议FIS（FIXED-INTERVAL SYSTEM）定期定货方式FOB（FREE ON BOARD）船上交货，离岸价GDP（GROSS DOMESTIC PRODUCT）国内生产总值GMT（GREENWICH MEAN TIME）世界时间标准GNP（GROSS NATIONAL PRODUCT）国民生产总值G．S．P．（GENERALIZED SYSTEM OF PREFERENCES）普惠制G．W．（GROSS WEIGHT）毛重ICP（INTERNET CONTENT PROVIDER）互联网内容提供商IMM（INTERNATIONAL MONETARY MARKET）国际货币市场IMP（IMPORT）进口INV（INVOICE）发票IP（INTERNET PROTOCOL）互联网通迅协议ISO（INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ORGANIZATION）国际标准化组织ISP（INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER）互联网接入服务商ITS（INTELLIGENT TRANSPORT SYSTEM）智能运输系统JIT（JUST IN TIME）准时化服务LAN（LOAD AREA NETWORK）局域网L/C（LETTER OF CREDIT）信用证LDSS（LOGISTICS DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM）物流决策支持系统LTL（LESS-THAN TRUCK LOAD）零担运输MAX（MAXIMUM）最大的，最大限度的MIN（MINIMUM）最小的，最低限度的MT或M/T（METRIC TON）公吨MTD（MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT DOCUMENT）多式联运单据MTO（MULTIMODAL TRANSPORT OPERATOR）多式联运经营人M/V（MERCHANT VESSEL）商船N．W．（NET WEIGHT）净重OECD（ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC COOPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT）经济合作与发展组织OEM（ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURE）原始设备制造商PCT（PERCENT）百分比PDT（PORTABLE DATA TERMINAL）便携式数据终端设备PKG（PACKAGE）一包、一捆等P/L（PACKING LIST）装箱单、明细表PR或PRC （PRICE）价格QR（QUICK RESPONSE）快速反应战略SS（SAFETY STOCK）安全储备S．S（STEAMSHIP）船运SCM（SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT）供应链管理S/O（SHIPPING ORDER）装货单T/T（TELEGRAPHIC TRANSFER）电汇UL 美国电器产品的安全认证标志UPC（UNIVERSAL PRODUCT CODE）通用产吕标码或代码UPS（UNITED PARCEL SERVICE）联合速递公司VAN（VALUE ADDED NETWORKS）商业增值网WTO（WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION）世界贸易组织OCEAN BILL OF LADING 海运提单DOCUMENT OF TITLE 物权凭证SEAWAY BILL 海运运单RAILWAY BILL 铁路运单。

物流专业英语词汇

物流专业英语词汇物流专业词汇第一节基本概念英语article ;logistics;logistics activity;logistics operation;logistics modulus 物流模数；logistics technology;logistics cost;logistics management;logistics center;logistics network;logistics information;logistics enterprise物流企业;logistics documents;logistics alliance物流联盟；supply logistics;production logistics;distribution logistics;returned logistics;waste material logistics;environmental logistics;internal logistics 企业物流；external logistics 社会物流；military logistics 军事物流；international logistics;Third Part Logistics(TPL)第三方物流；customized logistics定制物流；virtual logistics虚拟物流；value –added logistics service增值物流服务；supply chain;bar code;Electronic Date Interchang(EDI);tangible loss;intangible loss 第二节物流作业术语Transportation；combined transport;through transport;transfer transport中转运输；drop and pull transport甩挂运输；containerized transport集装运输；container transport 集装箱运输；door-to-door;door to cy门到场；door to cfs门到站；Full Container Load(FCL)整箱货；Less- than Container(LCL)拼箱货；storing储存；storage保管；article reserves物品储存；inventory 库存；cycle stock经常库存；inventory cycle time库存周期；lead time前置期/提前期；order cycle time订货处理周期；goods stack 货垛；stacking堆码；handing/carrying搬运；loading and unloading装卸；unit loading and unloading单元装卸；package/packaging;sales package;packing of niminated定牌包装；netural packing中性包装；transport package;palletizing托盘包装；containerization集装化；in bulk散装化；cross docking直接换装；distribution配送；joint distribution 共同配送；distribution center;sorting分拣；order picking拣选；goods collection集货；assembly组配；distribution processing流通加工；cold chain 冷链；inspection检验第三节物流技术装备及设施术语Warehouse仓库；storehouse库房;automatic warehouse自动化仓库；stereoscopic warehouse立体化仓库；virtual warehouse 虚拟仓库；bonded warehouse保税仓库；export supervised warehouse出口监管仓库；cargo under custom’s supervision海关监管货物；chill space冷藏区；freeze space冷冻区；humidity controlled space控湿储存区；temperature controlled space温度可控区；receiving space收货区；shioping space 发货区；goods shed料棚；goods yard货场；pallet托盘；fork lift truck叉车；conveyor 输送机；Automatic Guided Vehicle(AGV)自动导引车；box car厢式车；container集装箱；Twenty-feet Equivalent Unit(TEU)换算器；specific cargo container特种货物集装箱；full container ship全体集装箱船；railway container yard铁路集装箱场；island container depot公路集装箱中转站；container freight station集装箱货运站；container terminal 集装箱码头；international through railway transport国际多式联运；land bridge transport大陆桥运输；liner transport班轮运输；shipping by chartering租船运输；shipping agency船务代理；international freight forwarding agent国际货运代理；tally 理货；international transportation cargo insurance国际货物运输保险；customs declaration报关；customs broker报关行；commodity inspection进出口商品检验第四节物流管理术语Logistics strategy物流战略；logistics strategy management 物流战略管理；warehouse management仓库管理；warehouse layout仓库布局；inventory control库存控制；Economic Order Quantity(EOQ)经济订货批量；Fixed Quantity System(FQS)定量订货方式；Fixed Interval System定期订货方式；ABC classification ABC分类管理;Electronic Oreder System(EOS)电子订货系统；Just-in-time(JIT)准时制；iust-in-time logistics准时制物流；zero-inventory logistics零库存技术；logistics cost control物流成本控制；Material Requirement Planning(MRP)物料需求计划；Manufacturing Resource Planning(MRPII)制造资源计划；Distribution Requirements Planning(DRP)配送需求计划;Distribution Resource Planning(DRPII)配送资源计划；Logistics Resource planning(LRP)物流资源计划；Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP)企业资源计划；Supply Chain Management(SCM)供应链管理；Quick Response(QR)快速反应；Efficient Customer Response(ECR)有效客户反应；Continuous Replenishment Program(CRP)连续库存补充计划；Computer Assisted Ordering(CAO)计算机辅助订货系统；Vendor Managed Inventory(VMI)供应商管理库存；outsourcing业务外包第五节其他常见术语accounting cost会计成本；accuracy audit正确性审计；Activity Based Classification ABC分类法；actual weight实际重量；added value附加价值；after-sales service售后服务；aggregate shipments 合并出货；air pollution空气污染；air freight空运货件；Application Service Provider(ASP)应用供应商；arbitrage套利；asset recovery资源回收;Automate Vehicle Identification(AVI)自动车辆识别；automate warehouse自动仓库；Automated Vehicle Location(AVL)自动车辆位置；availablevehicle capacity车辆承载能力；average clear stacking height平均净堆叠盖高度；back haul回程；backwardation 现货溢价；bar code scanner条形码扫描机；bar code label条形码标签;base stock 基本存货；batch numbers批号；bay区域；bear卖空者；bear market熊市；belt conveyor 皮带式输送带；bi-directional read双向读取；Bill of Materials(BOM)物料用量清单；broken carton已拆箱；broker经纪人；bulk carrier散装运送业；bulk container散装集装箱；bull买空者；bull market牛市；Business Process Reengineering(BPR)业务流程重组；cancellation charge取消订单费用；cargo 货物；cargo inspection预约托运；cargo discount 现金折扣；centralized dispatching集中式派车；centralized procurement 集中采购；channel of distribution分销渠道；check in进货清点；Chief Logistics Officer(CLO)物流主管；claim 索赔；closed distribution system 封闭式配送系统；consumer physical distribution 消费者物流；container terminal 集装箱码头；cooperative buying 成本控制；crane 起重机；cubed out 装载率；customer service 客户服务；Customer Relationship Management (CRM)客户关系管理；data warehouse 数据仓库；deadhead空回头车；declining conveyor倾斜式输送机；de-consolidation center分货中心；delivery costs配送成本；delivery cycle 配送周期；delivery error误送；delivery note 出货清单；delivery terminal配送站；demand forecasting 需求预测；depalletizer卸托盘机；design for logistics 为物流而设计；direct distribution 直接配送；direct store delivery直接配送到商店；dispatch area出货区；Distribution Resource Planning(DRP)分销资源计划；Decision Suppport System(DSS)决策支持系统；domestic intercity trucking国内长途货运；double floor stacking 双层堆积；double pallets handing 双托盘处理；double-pallet jack 双托盘设备；duty关税；economic stock经济存货；electronic clearance电子通关；export出口；exclusive distribution独家分销；Executive Support System(ESS)高层主管支持系统；fact tag产品说明标签；factory price出厂价；firewall防火墙；fixed rack固定式货架；flatbed trailer平台拖车；fleet车（船）队；furniture removal carriers搬家公司；gateway转运站；Geographic Information System(GIS)地理信息系统；Global Positioning System(GPS)全球定位系统；globallogistics 全球物流；hand truck手推车；handheld scanner手提式扫描仪；heat insulation material隔热材料；hot tag紧急标签；Industrial Engineering (IE)工业工程；intergrated logistics集成物流；Intergrated Services Digital Network(ISDN)综合业务数据网；interchange terminal 联运站；inventory control库存控制；joint distribution共同配送；kanban system 看板系统；knowledge management 知识管理；label making machine 标签机；laser scanner 激光扫描仪；logistician物流师；logistics management 物流管理；loose packsges散装；make to order订单生产；market orientation市场导向；marking machine 打标机；market share 市场份额；materials handing equirement物料搬运设备；midddleware中间件；multi-story warehouse多层仓库；net weight 净重；noise pollution噪音污染；number plate牌照；on season旺季；Openoffice Date Base Connectivity(ODBC)开放数据库互联；optical scanners光学扫描仪；order processing 订单处理；Order Point System(OPS)订货点法；overload超载；package包裹；process center处理中心；procurement采购；quality control质量控制；quarantine检疫；quotas 配额；rack 货架；regional distribution center区域物流中心；retail selling零售；safety stock 安全库存；sealing machine封装机；supply chain供应链；Supply Chain Management(SCM)供应链管理；tank container罐装集装箱；temporary labor临时工；Theory of Constraint(TOC)约束理论；vacuum packaging真空包装；vehicle车辆；voice recognition语音识别；warehouse仓储；waste废弃物；wholesalers批发商；zero stock 零库存。

物流专业英语词汇.

仓储设计仓库布局固定货位系统流动货位系统劳动力密集的机械化自动化
Introduction to Inventory
Key Terms 关键词汇 • inventory 库存 • finish goods 产成品 • raw material 原材料 • part and component 零部件 • work-in-process (WIP) 在制品库存，半成品 • MRO (maintenance/repair/operating) 维修库存 • cycle inventory 周转库存 • safety (buffer)inventory 安全（缓冲）库存 • in-transit inventory 在途库存 • speculative inventory 投机库存 • dead inventory 呆滞库存
包装销售包装成组包装运输包装承载保护交流，沟通
Package Marking
• • • • • • • • Key Terms label shipping mark identification mark information mark handling instructions country of origin dimensions of package
标签运输标志识别标志信息标志储运标志原产国包装尺寸
Functions of LIS
• • • • • • • • • • • Key terms logistics information system (LIS) 物流信息系统 decision-making capabilities 决策能力 demand forecasting and planning 需求预测与计划 internal efficiency 内效率 customer satisfaction 客户满意度 performance rating 业绩等级 planning and scheduling 计划与调度 bar-coding 条码技术 EDI 电子数据交换 RFID 射频识别

物流英语词汇

物流专业英语词汇大全-物流英语-物流专业英语-物流英语词汇表一、物流英语的145个专业词汇(1)物流英语之基本概念术语1.物品article2.物流logistics3.物流活动logistics activity4.物流作业logistics operation5.物流模数logistics modulus6.物流技术logistics technology7.物流成本logistics cost8.物流管理logistics management9.物流中心logistics center10.物流网络logistics network 11.物流信息logistics information12.物流企业logistics enterprise13.物流单证logistics documents14.物流联盟logistics alliance15.供应物流supply logistics 16.生产物流production logistics17.销售物流distribution logistics18.回收物流returned logistics19.废弃物物流waste material logistics20.绿色物流environmental logistics21.企业物流internal logistics22.社会物流external logistics23.军事物流military logistics24.国际物流international logistics25.第三方物流third-part logistics(TPL)26.定制物流customized logistics27.虚拟物流virtual logistics28.增值物流服务value-added logistics service29.供应链supply chain30.条码bar code 31.电子数据交换electronic data interchange(EDI)32.有形消耗tangible loss33.无形消耗intangible loss物流专业英语词汇大全-物流英语-物流专业英语-物流英语词汇表一、物流英语的145个专业词汇(1)物流英语之基本概念术语1.物品article2.物流logistics3.物流活动logistics activity4.物流作业logistics operation5.物流模数logistics modulus6.物流技术logistics technology7.物流成本logistics cost8.物流管理logistics management9.物流中心logistics center10.物流网络logistics network11.物流信息logistics information12.物流企业logistics enterprise13.物流单证logistics documents14.物流联盟logistics alliance15.供应物流supply logistics16.生产物流production logistics17.销售物流distributionlogistics18.回收物流returned logistics19.废弃物物流waste material logistics20.绿色物流environmentallogistics21.企业物流internal logistics22.社会物流external logistics23.军事物流military logistics24.国际物流international logistics25.第三方物流third-partlogistics(TPL)26.定制物流customized logistics27.虚拟物流virtual logistics28.增值物流服务value-addedlogistics service29.供应链supply chain30.条码bar code31.电子数据交换electronic datainterchange(EDI)32.有形消耗tangible loss33.无形消耗intangible loss奖罚(2)物流英语之物流作业术语1.运输transportation2.联合运输combined transport3.直达运输through transport4.中转运输transfer transport5.甩挂运输drop and pull transport6.集装运输containerized transport7.集装箱运输container8.门到门door-to-door9.整箱货full container load(FCL)transport10.拼箱货less than container load(LCL) 11.储存storing12.保管storage13.物品储存article reserves14.库存inventory15.经常库存cycle stock16.安全库存safety stick17.库存周期inventory cycle time 18.前置期(或提前期)lead time19.订货处理周期order cycle time20.货垛goods stack 21.堆码stacking22.搬运handing/carrying23.装卸loading and unloading24.单元装卸unit loading and unloading25.包装package/packaging26.销售包装sales package27.定牌包装packing of nominated brand28.中性包装neutral packing29.运输包装transport package30.托盘包装palletizing 31.集装化containerization32.散装化containerization33.直接换装cross docking 34.配送distribution35.共同配送joint distribution36.配送中心distribution center 37.分拣sorting38.拣选order picking39.集货goods collection40.组配assembly 41.流通加工distribution processing42.冷链cold chain43.检验inspectiontransport10.拼箱货less than containerload(LCL)11.储存storing12.保管storage13.物品储存article reserves14.库存inventory15.经常库存cycle stock16.安全库存safety stick17.库存周期inventory cycle time18.前置期(或提前期)lead time19.订货处理周期order cycletime20.货垛goods stack21.堆码stacking22.搬运handing/carrying23.装卸loading and unloading24.单元装卸unit loading andunloading25.包装package/packaging26.销售包装sales package27.定牌包装packing of nominatedbrand28.中性包装neutral packing29.运输包装transport package30.托盘包装palletizing31.集装化containerization32.散装化containerization33.直接换装cross docking34.配送distribution35.共同配送joint distribution36.配送中心distribution center37.分拣sorting38.拣选order picking39.集货goods collection40.组配assembly41.流通加工distributionprocessing42.冷链cold chain43.检验inspection奖罚(3)物流英语之物流技术装备及设施术语物流1.仓库warehouse2.库房storehouse3.自动化仓库automatic warehouse4.立体仓库stereoscopic warehouse5.虚拟仓库virtual warehouse6.保税仓库boned warehouse7.出口监管仓库export supervised warehouse8.海关监管货物cargo under customer’s supervision9.冷藏区chill space10.冷冻区freeze space11.控湿储存区humidity controlled space12.温度可控区temperature controlled space13.收货区receiving space14.发货区shipping space15.料棚goods shed16.货场goods yard17.货架goods shelf18.托盘pallet19.叉车fork lift truck20.输送机conveyor21.自动导引车automatic guided vehicle(AGV)22.箱式车box car23.集装箱container24.换算箱twenty-feet equivalent unit(TEU)25.特种货物集装箱specific cargo container26.全集装箱船full container ship27.铁路集装箱场railway container yard28.公路集装箱中转站inland container depot29.集装箱货运站container freight station(CFS)30.集装箱码头container terminal31.国际铁路联运international through railway transport32.国际多式联运international multimodal transport33.大陆桥运输land bridge transport 34.班轮运输liner transport35.租船运输shipping by chartering36.船务代理shipping agency 37.国际货运代理international freight forwarding agent38.理货tally39.国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance40.报关customs declaration 41.报关行customs broker42.进出口商品检验commodity inspection(4)物流英语之物流管理术语1.物流战略logistics strategy2.物流战略管理logistics strategy management3.仓库管理warehouse management4.仓库布局warehouse layout5.库存控制inventory control6.经济订货批量economic order quantity(EOQ)7.定量订货方式fixed-quantity system(FQS)8.定期订货方式fixed-quantity system(FIS)9.ABC分类管理ABC classification10.电子订货系统Electronic order system(EOS)11.准时制just in time(JIT)12.准时制物流just-in-time logistics13.零库存技术zero-inventory logistics14.物流成本管理logistics cost control15.物料需要计划material requirements planning(MRP)16.制造资源计划manufacturing resource planning(MRP II)17.配送需要计划distribution requirements planning(DRP)18.配送资源计划distribution resource planning(DRP II)19.物流资源计划logistics resource planning20.企业资源计划enterprise resource planning(ERP)21.供应链管理supply chain management(SCM)22.快速反映Quick response(QR)23.有效客户反映efficient customer response(ECR)24.连续库存补充计划continuous replenishment program(CRP)25.计算机付诸订货系统computer assisted ordering(CAO)26.供应商管理库存vendor managed inventory(VMI)27.业务外包outsourcing二、常用物流英语50句1.Modern logistics is one of the most challenging and exciting jobs in the world.现代物流是世界上最富挑战性和最激动人心的工作。

物流专业英语词汇集

物流专业名词(英文)

1．物品 article 2．物流 logistics 3．物流活动 logistics activity 4．物流作业 logistics operation5．物流模数 logistics modulus 6．物流技术logistics technology 7．物流成本 logistics cost8．物流管理 logistics management 9．物流中心 logistics center 10．物流网络 logistics network 11．物流信息 logistics information 12．物流企业 logistics enterprise 13．物流单证 logistics documents 14．物流联盟 logistics alliance 15．供应物流 supply logistics 16．生产物流 production logistics17．销售物流 distribution logistics 18．回收物流 returned logistics19．废弃物物流 waste material logistics 20．绿色物流 environmental logistics21．企业物流 internal logistics 22．社会物流 external logistics 23．军事物流 military logistics24．国际物流 international logistics 25．第三方物流 third-part logistics (TPL)26．定制物流 customized logistics 27．虚拟物流 virtual logistics28．增值物流服务 value-added logistics service 29．供应链 supply chain 30．条码 bar code31．电子数据交换 electronic data interchange (EDI) 32．有形消耗 tangible loss33．无形消耗 intangible loss物流作业术语1．运输 transportation 2．联合运输 combined transport 3．直达运输 through transport4．中转运输 transfer transport 5．甩挂运输drop and pull transport6．集装运输 containerized transport 7．集装箱运输 container transport8．门到门 door-to-door 9．整箱货 full container load (FCL)10．拼箱货 less than container load (LCL 11．储存 storing12．保管 storage 13．物品储存 article reserves 14．库存 inventory15．经常库存 cycle stock 16．安全库存 safety stick 17．库存周期 inventory cycle time18．前置期（或提前期） lead time 19．订货处理周期 order cycle time20．货垛 goods stack 21．堆码 stacking 22．搬运 handing/carrying23．装卸 loading and unloading 24．单元装卸 unit loading and unloading25．包装 package/packaging 26．销售包装sales package27．定牌包装 packing of nominated brand 28．中性包装 neutral packing29．运输包装 transport package 30．托盘包装 palletizing 31．集装化 containerization32．散装化 containerization 33．直接换装cross docking 34．配送 distribution35．共同配送 joint distribution 36．配送中心 distribution center 37．分拣 sorting38．拣选 order picking 39．集货 goods collection 40．组配 assembly41．流通加工 distribution processing 42．冷链 cold chain 43．检验 inspection物流技术装备及设施术语1．仓库 warehouse 2．库房 storehouse 3．自动化仓库 automatic warehouse4． 4立体仓库 stereoscopic warehouse 5．虚拟仓库 virtual warehouse6．保税仓库 boned warehouse 7．出口监管仓库 export supervised warehouse8．海关监管货物cargo under customer’s supervision 9．冷藏区 chill space10．冷冻区 freeze space 11．控湿储存区humidity controlled space12．温度可控区 temperature controlled space 13．收货区 receiving space14．发货区 shipping space 15．料棚 goods shed 16．货场 goods yard17．货架 goods shelf 18．托盘 pallet 19．叉车 fork lift truck 20．输送机 conveyor21．自动导引车 automatic guided vehicle (AGV) 22．箱式车 box car23．集装箱 container 24．换算箱 twenty-feet equivalent unit (TEU)25．特种货物集装箱 specific cargo container 26．全集装箱船 full container ship27．铁路集装箱场 railway container yard 28．公路集装箱中转站 inland container depot29．集装箱货运站 container freight station (CFS) 30．集装箱码头 container terminal31．国际铁路联运 international through railway transport32．国际多式联运 international multimodal transport 33．大陆桥运输 land bridge transport34．班轮运输 liner transport 35．租船运输shipping by chartering36．船务代理 shipping agency 37．国际货运代理 international freight forwarding agent38．理货 tally 39．国际货物运输保险international transportation cargo insurance40．报关 customs declaration 41．报关行customs broker42．进出口商品检验 commodity inspection物流管理术语1．物流战略 logistics strategy 2．物流战略管理 logistics strategy management3．仓库管理 warehouse management 4．仓库布局 warehouse layout5．库存控制 inventory control 6．经济订货批量 economic order quantity (EOQ)7．定量订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FQS) 8．定期订货方式 fixed-quantity system (FIS)9． ABC分类管理 ABC classification 10．电子订货系统 Electronic order system (EOS)11．准时制 just in time (JIT) 12．准时制物流 just-in-time logistics13．零库存技术 zero-inventory logistics 14．物流成本管理 logistics cost control15．物料需要计划 material requirements planning (MRP)16．制造资源计划 manufacturing resource planning (MRP II)17．配送需要计划 distribution requirements planning (DRP)18．配送资源计划 distribution resource planning (DRP II)19．物流资源计划 logistics resource planning (LRP)20．企业资源计划 enterprise resource planning (ERP)21．供应链管理 supply chain management (SCM)22．快速反映 Quick response (QR)23．有效客户反映 efficient customer response(ECR)24．连续库存补充计划 continuous replenishment program (CRP)25．计算机付诸订货系统 computer assisted ordering (CAO)26．供应商管理库存 vendor managed inventory (VMI)27．业务外包 outsourcingGross Registered Tonnage (GRT) 注册(容积)总吨Net Registered Tonnage (NRT) 注册(容积)净吨Deadweight Tonnage (All Told) (DWT or D.W.A.T) 总载重吨位(量)Gross Dead Weight Tonnage 总载重吨位Dead Weight Cargo Tonnage (DWCT) 净载重吨Light Displacement 轻排水量Load (Loaded)Displacement 满载排水量Actual Displacement 实际排水量Over weight surcharge 超重附加费Bunker Adjustment Factor (Surcharge) (BAS or BS) 燃油附加费Port Surcharge 港口附加费Port Congestion Surcharge 港口拥挤附加费Currency Adjustment Factor (CAF) 货币贬值附加费Deviation surcharge 绕航附加费Direct Additional 直航附加费Additional for Optional Destination 选卸港附加费Additional for Alteration of Destination 变更卸货港附加费Fumigation Charge 熏蒸费Bill of Lading 提单On Board (Shipped) B/L 已装船提单Received for shipment B/L 备运(收妥待运)提单Named B/L 记名提单Bearer B/L 不记名提单Order B/L 指示提单Blank Endorsement 空白备书Clean B/L 清洁提单In apparent good order and condition 外表状况良好Unclean ( Foul, Dirty) B/L 不清洁提单Direct B/L 直航提单Transshipment B/L 转船提单Through B/L 联运提单Multi-modal (Inter-modal, combined) transport B/L 多式联运提单Long Form B/L 全式提单Short Form B/L 简式提单Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单Advanced B/L 预借提单Stale B/L 过期提单On Deck B/L 甲板货提单Charter Party B/L 租约项下提单House B/L 运输代理行提单Seaworthiness 船舶适航Charter Party ( C/P) 租船合同(租约)Voyage charter party 航次租船合同Time Charter Party 定期租船合同Bareboat (demise) Charter Party 光船租船合同Common carrier 公共承运人Private carrier 私人承运人Single trip C/P 单航次租船合同Consecutive single trip C/P 连续单航次租船合同Return trip C/P 往返航次租船合同Contract of Affreightment (COA) 包运合同Voyage Charter Party on Time Basis 航次期租合同Fixture Note 租船确认书Free In (FI) 船方不负责装费Free Out (FO) 船方不负责卸费Free In and Out (FIO) 船方不负责装卸费Free In and Out ，Stowed and Trimmed (FIOST) 船方不负责装卸、理舱和平舱费Declaration of ship's Deadweight Tonnage of Cargo 宣载通知书Dunnage and separations 垫舱和隔舱物料Lump-sum freight 整船包价运费Weather working days (W.W.D) 良好天气工作日Notice of Readiness (NOR) 船舶准备就绪通知书Idle formality 例行手续Laytime statement 装卸时间计算表Damage for Detention 延期损失Customary Quick Despatch (CQD) 习惯快速装运International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code (IMDG) 国际海上危险品货物规则(国际危规)Booking Note 托运单(定舱委托书)Shipping Order (S/O) 装货单 (下货纸)Mate's Receipt 收货单Loading List 装货清单Cargo Manifest 载货清单(货物舱单)Stowage Plan 货物积载计划Dangerous Cargo List 危险品清单Stowage Factor 积载因素(系数)Inward cargo 进港货Outward cargo 出港货Container yard (CY) 集装箱堆场Container Freight Station ( CFS) 集装箱货运站Container Load Plan 集装箱装箱单Conventional Container Ship 集装箱两用船Semi-container Ship 半集装箱船Full Container Ship 全集装箱船Full Container Load (FCL) 整箱货Less Container Load (LCL) 拼箱货Delivery Order (D/O) 提货单(小提单)Dock receipt 场站收据Twenty equivalent unit (TEU) 二十尺集装箱换算单位Equipment Interchange Receipt ( EIR) 集装箱设备交接单Demurrage 滞期费Crew List 船员名册Log book 航行日志Liner transport 班轮运输Tramp transport 不定期(租船)运输Minimum Freight 工最低运费Maximum Freight 最高运费Accomplish a Bill of Lading (to) 付单提货Ad valorem freight 从价运费Address commission (Addcomm) 回扣佣金Adjustment 海损理算Average adjuster 海损理算师Average bond 海损分摊担保书Average guarantee 海损担保书Act of God 天灾All in rate 总运费率Annual survey 年度检验All purposes (A.P) 全部装卸时间All time saved (a.t.s) 节省的全部时间Always afloat 始终保持浮泊Anchorage 锚地Anchorage dues 锚泊费Arbitration award 仲裁裁决Arbitrator 仲裁员Arrest a ship 扣押船舶Area differential 地区差价Addendum (to a charter party) ( 租船合同)附件Apron 码头前沿Bale or bale capacity 货舱包装容积Back (return) load 回程货Back to back charter 转租合同Backfreight 回程运费Ballast (to) 空载行驶Barge 驳船Barratry 船员不轨Barrel handler 桶抓Base cargo (1) 垫底货Base cargo (2) 起运货量Bundle (Bd) 捆(包装单位)Beam 船宽Bearer ( of a B/L) 提单持有人Both ends (Bends) 装卸两港Boatman 缆工Buoy 浮标Bunker escalation clause 燃料涨价条款Derrick 吊杆Fork-lift truck 铲车Boom of a fork-lift truck 铲车臂Both to blame collision clause 互有过失碰撞条款Book space 洽订舱位Bottom 船体Bottom stow cargo 舱底货Bottomry loan 船舶抵押贷款Breakbulk 零担Breakbulk cargo 零担货物Broken stowage 亏舱Brokerage 经纪人佣金Bulk cargo 散装货Bulk carrier 散货船Bulk container 散货集装箱American Bureau of Shipping (A.B.S.) 美国船级社Bureau Veritas (B.V.) 法国船级社Cabotage 沿海运输Canal transit dues 运河通行税Capsize vessel 超宽型船Captain 船长Car carrier 汽车运输船Car container 汽车集装箱Cargo hook 货钩Cargo sharing 货载份额Cargo superintendent 货物配载主管Cargo tank 货箱Cargo tracer 短少货物查询单Cargoworthiness 适货Carryings 运输量Certificate of seaworthiness 适航证书Cesser clause 责任终止条款Chassis 集装箱拖车如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http;//Claims adjuster 理赔人Classification certificate 船级证书Classification register 船级公告Classification society 船级社Classification survey 船级检验Paramount clause 首要条款Clean (petroleum ) products 精练油Clean the holds (to) 清洁货舱Closing date 截至日Closure of navigation 封航Collapsible flattrack 折叠式板架集装箱Completely knocked down (CKD) 全拆装Compulsory pilotage 强制引航Conference 公会Congestion 拥挤Congestion surcharge 拥挤费Con-ro ship 集装箱/滚装两用船Consecutive voyages 连续航程Consign 托运Consignee 收货人Consignor 发货人Consignment 托运；托运的货物Consolidation (groupage) 拼箱Consortium 联营Constants 常数Container barge 集装箱驳船Container leasing 集装箱租赁Containerization 集装箱化Containerised 已装箱的，已集装箱化的Containership 集装箱船Contamination (of cargo ) 货物污染Contributory value 分摊价值Conveyor belt 传送带Corner casting (fitting) 集装箱(角件) Corner post 集装箱(角柱)Crane 起重机Crawler mounted crane 履带式(轨道式)起重机Custom of the port (COP) 港口惯例Customary assistance 惯常协助Daily running cost 日常营运成本Deadfreight 亏舱费Deadweight (weight) cargo 重量货Deadweight cargo (carrying)capacity 载货量Deaiweight scale 载重图表Deck cargo 甲板货Delivery of cargo (a ship) 交货(交船) Despatch or Despatch money 速遣费Destuff 卸集装箱Det Norske Veritas (D.N.V.) 挪威船级社Deviation 绕航Direct discharge (车船)直卸Direct transshipment 直接转船Dirty(Black) (petroleum) products ( D.P.P.) 原油Disbursements 港口开支Discharging port 卸货港Disponent owner 二船东Dock 船坞Docker 码头工人Door to door 门到门运输Downtime (设备)故障时间Draft (draught) 吃水；水深Draft limitation 吃水限制Dropping outward pilot (D.O.P.) 引航员下船时Dry cargo 干货Dry cargo(freight) container 干货集装箱Dry dock 干船坞Demurrage half despatch (D1/2D) 速遣费为滞期费的一半Efficient deck hand (E.D.H.) 二级水手Elevator 卸货机Enter a ship inwards (outwards) 申请船舶进港(出港)Entrepot 保税货Equipment 设备(常指集装箱)Equipment handover charge 设备使用费预计到达时间Estimated time of completion (ETC) 预计完成时间Estimated time of departure (ETD) 预计离港时间Estimated time of readiness (ETR) 预计准备就绪时间Estimated time of sailing (ETS) 预计航行时间Europallet 欧式托盘Even if used (E.I.U.) 即使使用Excepted period 除外期间Exception 异议Exceptions clause 免责条款Excess landing 溢卸Expiry of laytime 装卸欺瞒Extend suit time 延长诉讼时间Extend a charter 延长租期Extension of a charter 租期延长Extension to suit time 诉讼时间延长Extreme breadth 最大宽度Fairway 航道Feeder service 支线运输服务Feeder ship 支线船Ferry 渡轮First class ship 一级船Flag of convenience (FOC) 方便旗船Floating crane 浮吊Floating dock 浮坞Force majeure 不可抗力Fork-lift truck 铲车Forty foot equivalent unit (FEU) 四十英尺集装箱换算单位Four-way pallet 四边开槽托盘Freeboard 干Freight all kinds (FAK) 包干运费Freight canvasser 揽货员Freight collect (freight payable at destination) 运费到付Freight prepaid 运费预付Freight quotation 运费报价Freight rate (rate of freight) 运费率Freight tariff 运费费率表Freight ton (FT) 运费吨Freight manifest 运费舱单Freighter 货船Fresh water load line 淡水载重线Fridays and holidays excepted (F.H.E.X .) 星期五和节假日除外Full and complete cargo 满舱满载货Full and down 满舱满载Gantry crane 门式起重机(门吊)Gencon 金康航次租船合同General average 共同海损General average act 共同海损行为General average contribution 共同海损分摊General average sacrifice 共同海损牺牲General cargo (generals) 杂货General purpose container 多用途集装箱Geographical rotation 地理顺序Germanischer Lloyd (G.L.) 德国船级社Greenwich Mean Time (G.M.T.) 格林威治时间Grabbing crane 抓斗起重机Grain or grain capacity 散装舱容Gross weight(GW) 毛重Grounding 触底Gunny bag 麻袋Gunny matting 麻垫Hague Rules 海牙规则Hague-Visby Rules 海牙维斯比规则Hamburg Rules 汉堡规则Hand hook 手钩Handymax 杂散货船Handy-sized bulker 小型散货船Harbour 海港Harbour dues 港务费Hatch (hatch cover) 舱盖Hatchway 舱口Head charter (charter party) 主租船合同Head charterer 主租船人Heavy lift 超重货物Heavy lift additional (surcharge) 超重附加费Heavy lift derrick 重型吊杆Heavy weather 恶劣天气Heavy fuel oil (H.F.O) 重油Hire statement 租金单Hold 船舱Home port 船籍港Homogeneous cargo 同种货物Hook 吊钩Hopper 漏斗House Bill of Lading 运输代理行提单Hovercraft 气垫船Husbandry 维修Inland container depot 内陆集装箱Ice-breaker 破冰船Identity of carrier clause 承运人责任条款Idle (船舶、设备)闲置Immediate rebate 直接回扣International Maritime Organization (IMO) 国际海事组织Import entry 进口报关Indemnity 赔偿Inducement 起运量Inducement cargo 起运量货物Inflation adjustment factor ( IAF) 通货膨胀膨胀调整系数Infrastructure (of a port) (港口)基础设施Inherent vice 固有缺陷Institute Warranty Limits (IWL) (伦敦保险人)协会保证航行范围Insufficient packing 包装不足Intaken weight 装运重量International Association of Classification Societies (IACS) 国际船级社协会Inward 进港的Inward cargo 进港货物International Transport Workers’ Federation (ITF) 国际运输工人联合会Itinerary 航海日程表Jettison 抛货如需转载，请注明来自：FanE『翻译中国』http;//Joint service 联合服务Joint survey 联合检验Jumbo derrick 重型吊杆Jurisdiction (Litigation)clause 管辖权条款Knot 航速(节)Laden 满载的Laden draught 满载吃水Landbridge 陆桥Landing charges 卸桥费Landing,storage and delivery 卸货、仓储和送货费Lash 用绳绑扎Lashings 绑扎物Latitude 纬度Lay-by berth 候载停泊区Laydays (laytime) 装卸货时间Laydays canceling (Laycan或L/C) 销约期Laytime saved 节省的装卸时间Laytime statement 装卸时间记录Lay up 搁置不用Leg (of a voyage) 航段Length overall (overall length ,简称LOA) (船舶)总长Letter of indemnity 担保书(函)Lien 留置权Lift-on lift-off (LO-LO) 吊上吊下Lighter 驳船Limitation of liability 责任限制Line (shipping line) 航运公司Liner ( liner ship) 班轮Liner in free out (LIFO) 运费不包括卸货费Liner terms 班轮条件Lloyd's Register of Shipping 劳埃德船级社Loadline (load line) 载重线Loading hatch 装货口Log abstract 航海日志摘录Long length additional 超长附加费Long ton 长吨Longitude 经度Lump sum charter 整笔运费租赁Maiden voyage 处女航Main deck 主甲板Main port 主要港口Manifest 舱单Maritime declaration of health 航海健康申明书Maritime lien 海事优先权Marks and numbers 唛头Mate's receipt 大副收据Mean draught 平均吃水Measurement cargo 体积货物Measurement rated cargo 按体积计费的货物Measurement rules 计量规则Merchant (班轮提单)货方Merchant haulage 货方拖运Merchant marine 商船Metric ton 公吨Misdelivery 错误交货Misdescription 错误陈述Mixed cargo 混杂货Mobile crane 移动式起重机More or less (mol.) 增减More or less in charterer’s option (MOLCHOP) 承租人有增减选择权More or less in owner’s option (MOLOO) 船东有增减选择权Mother ship 母船Multideck ship 多层甲板船Multi-purpose cargo ship 多用途船Multi-purpose terminal 多用途场站Narrow the laycan 缩短销约期Net weight 净重New Jason clause 新杰森条款New York Produce Exchange charter-party (NYPE) 纽约土产交易所制定的定期程租船合同格式Newbuilding 新船Nippon kaiji kyokai (NKK) 日本船级社No cure no pay 无效果无报酬Not otherwise enumerated (N.O.E.) 不另列举Nominate a ship 指定船舶进行航行To be nominated (TBN) 指定船舶Non-conference line (Independentline ,Outsider) 非公会成员的航运公司Non-delivery 未交货Non-negotiable bill of lading 不可流通的提单Non-reversible laytime 不可调配使用的装卸时间Non-vessel owning(operating) common carrier (NVOCC) 无船承运人Not always afloat but safe aground 不保持浮泊但安全搁浅Note protest 作海事声明Notice of redelivery 还船通知书Notify party 通知方Ocean (Liner, Sea) waybill 海运单Off hire 停租Oil tanker 油轮On-carriage 货运中转On-carrier 接运承运人One-way pallet 单边槽货盘Open hatch bulk carrier 敞舱口散货船Open rate 优惠费率Open rated cargo 优惠费率货物Open side container 侧开式集装箱Open top container 开顶集装箱Operate a ship 经营船舶Optional cargo 选港货物Ore/bulk/oil carrier 矿石/散货/油轮Out of gauge 超标(货物)Outport 小港Outturn 卸货Outturn report 卸货报告Outward 进港的Overheight cargo 超重货物Overlanded cargo or overlanding 溢卸货Overload 超载__________________________________________________ Overstow 堆码Overtime (O/T) 加班时间Overtonnaging 吨位过剩Owner's agents 船东代理人Package limitation 单位(赔偿)责任限制Packing list 装箱单Pallet 托(货)盘Pallet truck 托盘车Palletized 托盘化的Panamax 巴拿马型船Parcel 一包，一票货Performance claim 性能索赔Perishable goods 易腐货物Permanent dunnage 固定垫舱物Per freight ton (P. F. T.) 每运费吨41__________________________________________________。

物流专业英语词汇

Aabc classificiation abc分类法.A Circular Letter 通告信/通知书Accomplish a Bill of Lading (to) 付单提货acquisition cost ordering cost 定货费Act of God 天灾activity cost pool 作业成本集activity-based costing 作业基准成本法Actual Displacement 实际排水量Ad valorem freight 从价运费Addendum (to a charter party) ( 租船合同)附件Additional for Alteration of Destination 变更卸货港附加费Additional for Optional Destination 选卸港附加费Address commission (Addcomm) 回扣佣金Adjustment 海损理算Advanced B/L 预借提单advanced shipping notice (asn) 预先发货通知A fixed day sailing 定日航班A fortnight sailing 双周班A Friday（Tuesday / Thursday）sailing 周五班agile manufacturing 敏捷制造Air Express 航空快递airline operator/freight forwarder 不营运船舶的多式联运经营人Air Waybill 航空运单Alliance 联盟All in rate 总运费率All purposes (A.P) 全部装卸时间All time saved (a.t.s) 节省的全部时间allocation―――中转？Always afloat 始终保持浮泊American Bureau of Shipping (A.B.S.) 美国船级社A monthly sailing 每月班AMT (Advanced Manufacturing Technology) 先进制造技术Anchorage 锚地Anchorage dues 锚泊费Annual survey 年度检验anticipation inventory 预期储备Anti-dated B/L 倒签提单APICS (American Production and Inventory Control Society,Inc.) 美国生产与库存管理系统Applied Manufacturing Education Series 实用制造管理系列培训教材Apron 码头前沿Arbitration award 仲裁裁决Arbitrator 仲裁员Area differential 地区差价Arrest a ship 扣押船舶AS/RS (automated storage/retrieval system) 自动化仓储系统assemble-to-order 定货组装assembly 组配Article reserves物品储备ATP (available to promise) 可供销售量automatic replenishment (ar) 自动补货系统automatic warehouse 自动化仓库Automatic guided vehicle （AGV）自动导引车automated high-rise warehouse 自动立体仓库Average adjuster 海损理算师Average bond 海损分摊担保书Average guarantee 海损担保书A weekly sailing 周班axle housing桥壳Axle load 轴负荷Bbackflushing 反冲法Backfreight 回程运费back-hauls―――回程空载Back (return) load 回程货backlog 拖欠定单back order 脱期定单, 延期交货成本（back order costs）。

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最新卓越管理方案您可自由编辑 D/O 常用于货运、外贸中，即delivery order 的缩写译为：,拨货单又称小提单。收货人凭正本提单或随同有效的担保向或其代理人换取的，可向港口装卸部门提取货物的。 D/O与B/L的区别 B/L： BILL OF LADING提单，是货物的物权凭证，并可通过背书。 D/O： DELIVERY ORDER提货单，是目的港口提取货物时需要的凭证，不可以转让。货物上船之后，由船公司签发给，SHIPPER将B/L转给CONSIGNEE，货物到达，CONSIGNEE凭B/L去船公司换取D/O，凭D/O去港口提货。二者在货物提取之前有且只有一个留在货主手里，只不过D/O不再是物权凭证，货主领取D/O之后，说明船公司已经把货物放给货主了。

MRP MRP(Material Requirement Planning)是被设计并用于制造业库存管理信息处理的系统，它解决了如何实现制造业库存管理目标——在正确的时间按正确的数量得到所需的物料这一难题。MRP是当今众所周知的ERP的雏形，MRP与ERP的库存管理思想又源于求解制造业基本方程。 MRP2 MRP2是资源制造计划，它是一个由原料供应信息，产品需求信息，产品制造信息，产品销售信息，消费者反馈信息，构成的一个封闭的信息环，这样可以更快的适应市场的变化，及时调整产品结构以适应市场的变化。特点：2把企业中个子系统有机地结合起来，组成一个全面生产管理的集成优化规律系统。 MRP是物料需求计划，它的目的是使产品所需的原料能得到及时的补充，以免由于原料的时间价值占用大量的企业资金。使企业的资金周转周期大大缩短，给企业创造更大的利润。

ERP企业资源计划是MRP2的进一步发展和完善。通过信息的反馈及时调整企业的结构，它能够比MRP2更适应市场的变化。 3者有所联系又逐一递进。制造资源计划（Manufacturing Resources Planning简称MRP2：将公司高层管理与中层管理结合在一起,以制造资源计划为活动核心,促使企业管理循环的动作,达到最有效的企业经营。其涵盖范围包含了企业的整个生产经营体系，包括经营目标、销售策划、财务策划、生产策划、物料需求计划、采购管理、现场管理、运输管理、绩效评价等等各个方面。企业怎样才能在规定的时间，规定的地点，按照规定的数量得到真正需要的物料，换句话说，就是库存管理怎样才能符合生产计划的要求，这是物料需求计划所解决的。MRP起初出现在美国，并由美国生产与库存管理协会倡导而发展起来的。 MRP是一种以计算机为基础的编制生产与实行控制的系统，它不仅是一种新的计划管理方法，而且也是一种新的组织生产方式。MRP的出现和发展，引起了生产管理理论和实践的变革。MRP是根据总生产进度计划中规定的最终产品的交货日期，规定必须完成各项作业的时间，编制所有较低层次零部件的生产进度计划，对外计划各种零部件的采购时间与数量，对内确定生产部门应进行加工生产的时间和数量。一旦作业不能按计划完成时，MRP系统可以对采购和生产进度的时间和数量加以调整，使各项作业的优先顺序符合实际情况。物料需求计划（Material Requirements Planning），是一种企业管理软件，实现对企业的库存和生产的有效管理。物料需求计划是以物料计划人员或存货管理人员为核心的物料需求计划体系，它的涵盖范围仅仅为物料管理这一块。物料需求计划是一种以计算机为基础的生产计划与控制系统，它根据总生产进度计划中规定的最终产品的交货日期，编制所构成最终产品的装配件、部件、零件的生产进度计划、对外的采购计划、对内的生产计划。它可以用来计算物料需求量和需求时间,从而降低库存量。 MRP 通用计算公式:净需求=毛需求+已分配量+安全库存-计划在途-实际在途-可用库存 MRP2推行五大步骤：①培训：经过精心组织的一系列培训，系统的了解将要适用的MRP2软件的详细功能和具体的操作方法 ②测试：通过培训，仔细了解软件能干些什么，再结合自己原有的业务，进行适应性试验，这个过程叫做原型测试 ③准备：依测试的结果，同时兼顾软件运行的基本条件和企业业务的基本要求，全面着手进行基础数据和新系统业务操作规程的准备工作 ④试点：在准备工作大体就绪的情况下，选择一部分条件比较成熟的模块，率先投入试运行，以点带面，逐渐由粗到细，向新系统平稳过渡 ⑤切换：经过一段时间的试运行，果断地把基本上已经通过考验的新系统所对应的老系统抛弃掉，破釜沉舟，才能结束磨合期！扩展阅读：

• 1

MRP2推行五大步骤：①培训：经过精心组织的一系列培训，系统的了解将要适用的MRP2软件的详细功能和具体的操作方法

• 2

②测试：通过培训，仔细了解软件能干些什么，再结合自己原有的业务，进行适应性试验，这个过程叫做原型测试

• 3

③准备：依测试的结果，同时兼顾软件运行的基本条件和企业业务的基本要求，全面着手进行基础数据和新系统业务操作规程的准备工作

• 4

④试点：在准备工作大体就绪的情况下，选择一部分条件比较成熟的模块，率先投入试运行，以点带面，逐渐由粗到细，向新系统平稳过渡

• 5

⑤切换：经过一段时间的试运行，果断地把基本上已经通过考验的新系统所对应的老系统抛弃掉，破釜沉舟，才能结束磨合期！

ERP系统

ERP系统是指建立在基础上，以系统化的管理思想，为企业决策层及员工提供决策运行手段的管理平台。它是从 (物料需求计划)发展而来的新一代集成化，它扩展了MRP的功能，其核心思想是。它跳出了传统企业边界，从范围去优化企业的资源。ERP系统集信息技术与先进管理思想于一身，成为现代企业的运行模式，反映时代对企业合理调配资源，最大化地创造社会财富的要求，成为企业在信息时代生存、发展的基石。它对于改善企业业务流程、提高具有显著作用。

TOC 释义

①一套解决约束的流程。用来逻辑地、系统地回答以下为任何企业改进过程所必然提出的三个问题：改进什么？（Whattochange?）、改成什么样子？（Whattochangeto?）以及怎样使改进得以实现？（Howtocausethechange?） ②一套日常。可用来大大提高管理效能，例如：如何有效沟通、如何双赢地解决冲突、如何团队协作、如何进行权利分配等。这些日常管理的顺利开展，是成功解决约束的必备条件和基础性工作。鉴于这方面的内容在其他管理理论中也多有涉及，本文则不再过多展开论述，而把重点放在TOC理论不同于其他理论的方面。 ③把TOC应用到具体领域的具有创新性的实证方案。这些领域涉及生产、分销、营销和销售、项目管理和企业方向的设定等等。

约束理论提出

约束理论（Theory of Constraints, TOC）是、戈德拉特博士(Dr．Eliyahu M．Goldratt)在他开创的优化生产技术(Optimized Production Technology，OPT)基础上发展起来的管理哲理，该理论提出了在制造业经营生产活动中定义和消除制约因素的一些规范化方法，以支持连续改进(Continuous Improvement)。同时TOC也是对MRPⅡ和JIT在观念和方法上的发展。戈德拉特创立约束理论的目的是想找出各种条件下生产的内在规律，寻求一种分析经营生产问题的科学逻辑思维方式和解决问题的有效方法。可用一句话来表达TOC，即找出妨碍实现系统目标的约束条件，并对它进行消除的系统改善方法。 TOC的基本要点如下 TOC强调必须把企业看成是一个系统，从整体效益出发来考虑和处理问题，TOC的基本要点如下： 1．企业是一个系统，其目标应当十分明确，那就是在当前和今后为企业获得更多的利润 2．一切妨碍企业实现整体目标的因素都是约束按照经济学家的原理，对系统有重大影响的往往是少数几个约束，为数不多，但至少有一个。约束有各种类型，不仅有物质型的，如市场、物料、能力、资金等，而且还有非物质型的，如后勤及、企业文化和管理体制、规章制度、员工行为规范和工作态度等等o，以上这些，也可称为策略性约束。 3．为了衡量实现目标的业绩和效果，TOC打破传统的会计成本概念，提出了三项主要衡量指标，即有效产出、库存和运行费用TOC认为只能从企业的整体来评价改进的效果，而不能只看局部。库存投资和运行费用虽然可以降低，但是不能降到零以下，只有有效产出才有可能不断增长

鼓-缓冲-绳法和缓冲管理法

4．鼓-缓冲-绳法(Drum-Buffer-Rope Approach，DBR法)和缓冲管理法(Buffer Management) TOC把主生产计划(MPS)比喻成"鼓"，根据瓶颈资源和能力约束资源(Capac卸Constraint Resources，CCR)的可用能力来确定企业的最大物流量，作为约束全局的"鼓点"，鼓点相当于指挥生产的节拍；在所有瓶颈和总装工序前要保留物料储备缓冲，以保证充分利用瓶颈资源，实现最大的有效产出。必须按照瓶颈工序的物流量来控制瓶颈工序前道工序的物料投放量。换句话说，头道工序和其它需要控制的工作中心如同用一根传递信息的绳子牵住的队伍，按同一节拍，控制在制品流量，以保持在均衡的物料流动条件下进行生产。瓶颈工序前的非制约工序可以用倒排计划，瓶颈工序用顺排计划，后续工序按瓶颈工序的节拍组织生产。

定义和处理约束的决策方法

TOC强调了三种方法，统称为思维过程(Thinking Processes，TP）。应用TOC获得成功的企业很多，如食品公司深感缩短提前期在竞争上的必要性，从1992年就开始进行了TOC改善活动。它先以福特公司的电子事业部为样板引进了TOC，结果省去了为增产所需的数亿美元的投资。半导体乌耶哈工厂也引进了TOC，提前期在1年半内减少了75％，生产能力在同样的设备条件下提高了25％