2020版高考英语介词考点解读
2020版高考英语介词考点解读
1. [2018·全国卷Ⅲ] I was searching these three western lowland gorillas I‘d been observing.
2. [2017·全国卷Ⅲ]After school she plans to take a year off to model full-time before going to university to get a degree engineering or architecture.
3. [2016·天津卷]I told her she shouldn‘t swim a whole night‘s coughing, but she refused to give up and insisted she go.
4. [2016·四川卷]The mother continued to care for the young panda more than two years.
5. [2016·浙江卷自选模块]Thanks Robin, I‘ve found the courage to believe in myself as I go out into the world on my own.
考点一介词的基本用法
常用介词(短语)如in,on,for,with,against,of,beyond,out of,across等含义较多,应全面把握。
规则against有“违背,违逆;反对;对……不利;倚;靠;碰撞;预防;衬托”之意。
Vacations help us perform better at work,improve our sleep quality and cushion us against depression.
假期帮助我们在工作中表现得更好,提高我们的睡眠质量和缓解忧愁。
规则beyond可表示范围、限度,意为“超出,为……所不及”。
“I come to thank you,”she said,surprising me beyond speech.
她说:“我是来感谢你的。”这让我惊讶得说不出话来。
[温馨提示]beyond words/description/imagination/belief/one‘s reach/one‘s control,意为“无法用语言形容/无法用语言描述/想象不出来/无法相信/够不着/无法控制”。
规则by可表示程度或增减的幅度,还可作“按;以……计;依据”讲。
As far as I know,workers are generally paid by the month.
据我所知,工人们的工资通常按月来付。
规则for有“就……而言;对……来说;给,对;关于”之意。
The biggest concern for most of us is the quality of public education.
我们大多数人最关心的是大众教育的质量问题。
规则off有“离开;偏离”之意。
She drove so fast at the turn that the car almost went off the road.
她在转弯处开得如此快,以至于车差点偏离公路。
规则across有“横跨”之意。
Do you think this shirt is too tight across the shoulders?
你觉得这件衬衫在肩膀这个地方是不是太紧了?
规则on/upon有“刚……就;一……就”之意,后接名词或动词-ing形式。Upon graduation,Charlotte returned to Montreal and set up a private clinic.
夏洛特一毕业就回到了蒙特利尔,开了一家私人诊所。
规则over可表示时间,意为“在……期间;直到……结束”。
①Talks with the teachers‘union over the weekend have averted a strike.
周末与教师工会的谈判避免了一场罢工。
②Over coffee,she lit a cigarette,her eyes daring him to comment.
喝咖啡时,她点燃了一支烟,用挑衅的眼神看着他,谅他也不敢吭声。
规则within可表示范围、程度,意为“在……之内”。
The government was doing everything within its power to help the victims.
政府正尽其所能地帮助那些受害者。
规则of表示“在……范围内”。
①The ceasefire resolution calls for the release of all prisoners of war.
停火决议要求释放所有战俘。
②A common memory they all have of their schooldays is the school uniform. 他们对于他们学生时代的共同记忆是校服。
考点二介词的搭配
规则与介词in搭配的常用短语
in a way在某种程度上
in no way没门
in the way挡住道路
in vain徒劳
in general 通常,大体上
in detail 详细地
in turn 轮流
in return 作为回报
in need 需要
in time 迟早;及时
规则与out of搭配的常用短语out of date/time 过时/过期out of question 毫无疑问
out of the question 不可能
out of shape 变形
out of fashion 不流行
out of order 出了故障
out of reach 遥不可及
规则“in+名词+of”常用搭配in honour of 为纪念……
in charge of 负责;掌管
in terms of 依据;就……而言
in praise of 赞扬
in favour of 支持;赞同
in need of 需要
规则与介词at搭配的常用短语at no time 决不
at a time 一次/每次
at one time 一度/曾经
at times 不时地/有时
at one‘s request 应某人的要求at a loss 不知所措
规则其他常考短语
on behalf of 代表
by chance/accident 偶然
after all 毕竟;别忘了
regardless of 不管,不顾
on the whole 总的来说
on the contrary 相反
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.With the development of economy, our income has increased 10% in less than a year.
2. The dictionary is what I want, but I don‘t have enough money me.
3. the end, the young men found that working hard is truly a treasure in itself.
4.Have you ever heard of the trees that are home animals both on land and in the sea?
5. At the bad news, the woman put her hands her eyes and cried out.
6. I‘m afraid physics is completely me and I have to ask you for help.
7.We need to prevent pollution driving cars less and developing renewable energy.
8.The dictionary is of date:many words have been added to the language since it was published.
9.The talks will focus economic development of the region.
10.Five years ago, when I taught art at a school in Seattle, I used Tinker Toys as a test the beginning of
a term to find out something about my students.
11.In high school, I became curious the computer, and built my first website.
12.Find an issue you are interested in and learn more.Volunteer or,if you can,contribute a little money
a cause.
13.Parents should actively urge their children to take advantage the opportunity to join sports teams.
14.That young man is honest, cooperative, always there when you need his help. short, he‘s reliable.
15.The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world around us.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.[2017·全国卷Ⅰ]It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road.
2.[2016·全国卷Ⅰ]My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in a short period of time.
3.[2016·浙江卷]While they chatted,my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.
4.[2016·全国卷Ⅲ]Now I am leaving home to college.
5.Tony saw a toy on a shop window.
Ⅲ.语法填空
China, which takes pride in inventions in ancient times, has once again demonstrated its 1.(able) to change the world with its “new four great inventions”:high-speed railways,electronic payments,2. (share)bicycles and online shopping. The “new four great inventions”are all related 3.China‘s high-tech innovation(创新), which has improved the quality of people‘s lives. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat anything 4.I want simply with a tap of my phone,”said Lin Jinlong, 5. overseas Chinese student from Cambodia,6.(add)that “Even pancake sellers are using Alipay (mobile payment). We can also order food at home, which is super convenient. If I 7.(be) at home in Cambodia, I would have to go outdoors.”
The bikes themselves are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing is based on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. It is 8.(increase) clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is partly because China skipped over the PC age and went directly to mobile. China has the 9.(large) number of mobile users in the world.
In terms of the “new four great inventions”, Charlie Dai, principal analyst of American market research company Forrester, said,“These products and services 10.(improve) the customer experience so far, improving national and global economy at the same time.”
专题5 介词
【高考链接】
1. for考查介词。search for为固定搭配,意为“寻找”。
2.in考查介词。get a degree in是固定搭配,意为“在……方面获得学位”。
3.after考查介词。句意:我告诉她,她咳嗽了一整晚以后不应该再去游泳了,但是她拒绝放弃,选择坚持。after 在……之后。
4.for考查介词。在时间段前用for,表示“一段时间”。
5.to考查介词。thanks to是固定结构,意为“幸亏,由于……”。
【实战演练】
Ⅰ.单句填空
1.by句意:随着经济的发展,我们的收入在不到一年的时间里增加了10%。increase by 表示“增加了……”。
2.with句意:这本词典正好是我想要的那本,可是我没带够钱。with在此表示“有,带有”。
3.In句意:最后,年轻人发现努力工作本身真的是一种财富。in the end意为“最后”,符合句意。
4.to句意:你听说过作为陆地上和海洋里的动物的栖息地的树吗?be home to…意为“是……的栖息地”,为固定短语。
5.over句意:听到这条坏消息,那位女士用手捂住眼睛哭了出来。over意为“覆盖”,符合句意。
6.beyond beyond sb 某人所不能及。
7.by表示通过某种方式用by。句意:我们需要通过少开车和开发可再生能源来阻止污染。
8.out句意:这本词典过时了,自从它出版以来,这门语言已增添了许多单词。out of date意为“过时”。
9.on focus on致力于,使聚焦于。
10.at at the beginning of…在……开始。
11.about句意:在高中,我变得对电脑感兴趣,而且建立了我自己的第一个网站。be curious about对……感到好奇。
12.to contribute…to…向……捐献……。
13.of句意:父母应积极督促他们的孩子抓住机会加入运动队。take advantage of利用。
14.In句意:那个年轻人诚实、配合,总是在你需要他的时候帮助你。总之,他很可靠。in short 总之。
15.in句意:研究表明,我们成长的文化影响我们看待我们周围世界的基本过程。we grow up in 是定语从句,省略了引导词that/which,与culture搭配用in,故填介词in。
Ⅱ.单句改错
1.on改为of考查介词。分析语境可知此处表示“在路中间急刹车”。in the middle of表示“在……的中央”。
2.becoming前加of
3. in改为on
4. to改为for
5.on改为in
Ⅲ.语法填空
【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了中国的“新四大发明”:高速铁路、电子支付、共享自行车和网上购物,以及它们对人们生活的影响。
1.ability考查名词。句意:以古代发明为傲的中国,再一次用“新四大发明”展示了它改变世界的能力。its 后接名词形式,故填ability。
2.shared考查过去分词作定语。此处指“被分享的自行车”, share和bicycles之间是被动关系,故用shared 作前置定语。
3.to 考查介词。句意:“新四大发明”都与中国的高科技创新有关,这提高了人们的生活质量。be related to是固定词组,意为“与……有关”。
4.that考查定语从句。句意:我不再使用钱包了。我可以仅仅用手机一点就买和吃任何我想要的东西。此句是定语从句,先行词anything是不定代词,且从句缺少引导词和宾语,故用that引导定语从句。
5.an考查冠词。句意:来自柬埔寨的一个海外华裔学生林金龙说……。根据句意可知用不定冠词表示泛指
意义;overseas以元音音素开始,故用不定冠词an修饰。
6.adding考查非谓语动词。此处是非谓语动词作状语,由于add与Lin Jinlong之间是主动关系,故用现在分词adding作状语。
7.were考查虚拟语气。句意:如果我在柬埔寨的家里,我就得去户外。if引导的条件状语从句中与现在事实相反的情况用一般过去时表示虚拟,如果是系动词be用were,故填were。
8.increasingly考查副词。句意:越来越明显的是,中国正在创新,不再照搬西方的想法。这里用副词作状语,故填increasingly。
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d14143027.html,rgest考查形容词的最高级。句意:中国拥有世界上最大数量的手机用户。根据定冠词the 可知用最高级largest。
10.have improved考查动词的时态。句意:这些产品和服务到目前为止改善了客户体验,同时改善了国家和全球经济。由时间状语so far可知用现在完成时,句子主语these products and services是复数形式,故填have improved。
高考英语-介词与介词短语-专题练习(五)有答案
高考英语专题练习（五） 介词与介词短语 1．The university started some new language programs to cater _______ the country's Silk Road Economic Belt. 2．The whole team count _______ Cristiano Ronaldo, and he seldom lets them down. 3．Many of the things we now benefit from would not be around but _______ Thomas Edison. 4．Have you ever heard of the trees that are homes _______ animals both on land and sea? 5．Most people work because it's unavoidable. _______ contrast, there are some people who actually enjoy work. 6．We tend to have a better memory for things that excite our senses or appeal _______ our emotions than for straight facts. 7．These comments came in response _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. 8．This meeting room is a non－smoking area. I would like to warn you _______ advance that if you smoked here you would be fined. 9．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃_______ the average. 10．The little pupil took his grandma _______ the arm and walked her across the street. 11．Last year was the warmest year on record, with global temperature 0.68℃____ the average. A．below B．on C．at D．above 12．September 30 is the day ______ which you must pay your bill. A．by B．for C．with D．in 13．These comments came _______ specific questions often asked by local newsmen. A．in memory of B．in response to C．in touch with D．in possession of 14．What we expect from you is working hard hardly working? A．less than B．rather than C．as well as D．as much as 15．_______ a common memory they all have their school days is the school uniform. A．of B．on C．to D．with 16．Check carrots, potatoes, onions and any other vegetables ______ and immediately use or throw away any which show signs of rotting. A．in demand B．in store C．on loan D．on sale 17．Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered. She found some good quality pipes _______ sale. 18．But Mr. Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution _______ these villages without a local shop. 19．When Jane got home, with her small but well－chosen present in her bag, her parents were already _______ table having supper. 21．Going to college helps build a strong mind, which leads _______ greater success in one's life. 22．Respect is very important _______ home, at school, and everywhere you go.
高考英语语法知识点总结
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
高考英语介词专题复习.doc
高考英语介词专题复习 一﹑考点聚焦 1、介词的分类与语法功能 （1）介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与名词、代词（或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等）构成介词短语，在句中充当一个成分。 介词分为：简单介词，如at、in、for等；合成介词，如within、inside、onto、throughout 等；短语介词，如according to、out of、because of、by means of、in spite of、instead of等。双重介词，如from behind / above / under、until after等。 分词介词，如considering、including、judging(from / by) 等。 常见的介词宾语：名词、代词、动名词、从句、疑问词加不定式等。 （2）介词短语在句中可作表语、定语、状语和宾补等。 2、介词搭配 （1）“动词+介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。（2）常见“形容词+ 介词”搭配。 （3）“名词+ 介词”要注意习惯搭配和意义区分。 3、核心介词用法归纳与辨析 （1）表示时间的介词in的用法如下。 表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、月、季、周等一般用介词in，还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。 （2）在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用on。 (3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用at,如小时、分钟等。 注意：有些时间名词前不接介词。如： next day、last Sunday、that morning、these years one、each、any、every、some、all修饰时,一般不用介词,如some day one day、yesterday / afternoon, the night before （4）till、until、to的用法。 ①till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中，与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。 但注意：在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用till而用until。 ②to表“终结”时常用和from连用，但要注意不与from连用时的意义。 （5）in、after、later ①in + 一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用；但表示“在……之内”时，用于各种时态。 ②一段时间+ later(later是副词)：表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。 ③after + 一段时间表示：“在……之后”，用于一般过去时；但时间为点时间时，只能用after,即after + 点时间，用于各种时态。 另外，in + 一段时间+ ’s + time 与within + 一段时间的用法如下： in a week’s time = in a week They will arrive in three days’ time.(与将来时连用) My brother’s birthday is in two weeks’ time.（作表语） I’ll finish the book within two weeks.(within = in less than…用于各种时态，不超出，在……之内) （6）地点介词at、on、in、to、across、through、over、under、below。 （7）表示方式、手段、工具的介词
【备战高考】英语介词用法总结(完整)
【备战高考】英语介词用法总结(完整) 一、单项选择介词 1． passion, people won't have the motivation or the joy necessary for creative thinking. A．For . B．Without C．Beneath D．By 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】 考查介词辨析。句意：没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。A. For 对于；B. Without没有； C. Beneath在……下面 ; D. By通过。没有激情，人们就不会有创新思维所必须的动机和快乐。所以空处填介词without。故填without。 2．Modern zoos should shoulder more social responsibility _______ social progress and awareness of the public. A．in light of B．in favor of C．in honor of D．in praise of 【答案】A 【解析】 【分析】 【详解】 考查介词短语。句意：现代的动物园应该根据社会的进步和公众的意识来承担更多的社会责任。A. in light of根据，鉴于；B. in favor of有利于，支持；C. in honor of 为了纪念；D. in praise of歌颂，为赞扬。此处表示根据，故选A。 3．If we surround ourselves with people _____our major purpose, we can get their support and encouragement. A．in sympathy with B．in terms of C．in honour of D．in contrast with 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】 考查介词短语辨析。句意：如果我们周围都是认同我们主要前进目标的人，我们就能得到他们的支持和鼓励。A. in sympathy with赞成；B. in terms of 依据；C. in honour of为纪念； D. in contrast with与…形成对比。由“we can get their support and encouragement”可知，in sym pathy with“赞成”符合句意。故选A项。 4．Elizabeth has already achieved success_____her wildest dreams. A．at B．beyond C．within D．upon
高考英语语法填空之介词及介词短语专项练习
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问了出来，大声说:“你们都喊我妈太太，这就是太太的太字。” 张秀才又问道:“太字的一点拿起来放在右肩上，又念什么呢?” 刘大想，我家一共三口人，起初问我自己，其次问我老娘，这一次定是问我老爹的。哼！穷秀才，你明明认得，却来难我，好在人们面前显出你比我有学问，妄想！于是他很有把握地说:“你这个人真迂腐，大家都知道，我管我父亲喊爹，这就是我爹的爹字嘛！” 批注：笑话用“从前”开头，给人一个模糊的时间，而且谁也不去追究，这是讲故事常用的手法。“从前”是什么词?“前”为方位名词，那“从”是什么词呢?这就是我们现在要学的介词。 （建议20分钟） 一、介词的定义及分类 介词（是preposition，简称prep.)，又称前置词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，连接主语和表语。特别是一些常用介词的搭配力特别强，可以用来表示各种不同的意思。英语里大部分习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。介词在句中一般不重读。在定语从句“介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用that 代替whom/which（不能是who）。She is a good student from whom we should learn. 介词的种类：介词分简单介词和短语介词两种，简单介词及单个介词，如in ,under ,on ,for ,after ,等，短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，如in front of ,out of ,instead of ,far from ,apart from 等。
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