浙江新高考英语作文指津2
第1 讲应用文(1)——书信(电子邮件)
应用文的评分原则：
1．本题总分为 15 分，按 5 个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于 60 和多于 100 的，从总分中减去 2 分。
4．评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。英、美拼写及词汇用法均可接受。
6．如书写较差，以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。书信写作旨在考查学生在实际生活中应用英语的能力，体现了学习英语的实用性。书信种类很多，它包括笔友信、感谢信、慰问(候)信，祝贺信、鼓励信、介绍信、自荐信、询问信、应聘信、联系信、求职信、建议信及其答复信、邀请信及其接受邀请的信、读者请求的解答信及其答复读者的信等。书信格式一般不作考查内容(开头和结尾已给出)，重点考查考生的谋篇布局、遣词造句能力。总的说来，写英语书信时有以下几点须注意：
1．信件开头要开门见山、直入主题。常用语句是(1)I’m writing to...；(2)I’d like to...
2．信的正文是信函的主体部分。在高考作文中应该按照题目要求把题目的要点表达清楚；
使文章逻辑清晰、语言通顺；可以根据需要分为若干个段落；要确保没有遗漏内容要点。3．注意根据收信人的年龄身份不同，信的语气也应不同，对朋友要亲切自然，对领导或长
辈要委婉。
高考书信开头语段：
(1)Learning that you are organizing this activity to share books worldwide，I am writing to apply for it for the simple reason that I love reading and I own a large number of books.
了解到你在组织这个在全世界分享书籍的活动，我正在写信申请参加。理由很简单，我爱读书，而且我有很多书。
(2))Dear Peter，
I’d like to ask you to write an article for our school’s English newspaper.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
我想请你为我们学校的英语报写一篇文章。
(3))Dear
Chris，How is
it going?
I remember we planned to visit Yunnan in July.But now，because my left foot was injured，I
cannot go with you as planned.
一切都好吗？我记得我们原本计划七月去云南。但是因为我的左脚受伤，我不能按计划和你一起去了。(4)DearAmerican guests，
On behalf of our school，I would like to express our warm welcome to you.We are lucky to have you here in the middle of our English Week activities.(2014·陕西) 我代表学校，表达对你们的热烈欢迎。我们很幸运有你们参加我们的英语周活动。
(5))Dear Chris，
I’m Li Jin ， monitor of Class One ， Grade Eleven.I’m very delighted to learn that you’re coming to our class to study with us as an exchange student next term.Welcome to our class！我是李津，11年级1班的班长，我很高兴得知下学期你要作为一名交换生来我们班和我们一起学习。欢迎来到我们班！
(6))Dear Mr.Wang，
Knowing that our library is going to buy books，I’d like to give some suggestions.
得知我们图书馆要买书，我想给一些建议。
(7))Dear Tom，
How are you doing？I wonder if you could sell some Chinese knots for me.
你好吗？我想知道你是否能为我卖一些中国结。
(8))Dear Tom，
I’m sorry I couldn’t reply to your email which you sent me a week ago immediately.I was so occupied with going over my lessons for my final exam.Now I am writing to tell you my plans for the coming summer holidays. 我很抱歉没有立刻回复你上周发来的邮件，那时我正忙着复习功课准备期末考试。现在我写信告诉你我的下一个暑假计划。
(9))Dear Peter，
How are you doing?
I’m writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference，and I’ve asked him to bring you the Chinese painting you’ve asked for before.
你还好吗？我写信想告诉你我叔叔李明要去你住的城市开会，我已经请他捎去你以前曾向我索要的中国画。
第1 讲应用文(2)——通知、海报、活动介绍
一、写作基本要点
1．交代活动的主办单位和时间；
2．概括描写活动的内容；
3．交代活动的主要目的；
4．活动的具体地点、时间及持续时间；
5．参加人员的主要任务；
6．说明活动的参加条件；
7．交代参加的联系方式；
8．发出呼吁，诚邀参加。
注意：写作语句注意肯定、否定，祈使句的应用和主动句、被动句结合使用。
二、通知开头语
1．口头通知开头语
(1)May I have your attention，please?
(2))Attention please，everyone.I have an announcement to make.
(3)Be quite.There is something important I have to tell you.
(4)I have something (important) to tell you.
(5)I’m glad to tell you something important.
2．其他常用语句
(1)Everyone should be there on time.
(2)Be sure not to be late.
(3)Please be present on time.
(4)Everyone is required to be present on time.
(5)Be sure to attend it on time.
(6)Everybody is expected to attend it on time.
(7)All teachers and students are required to...
(8)Our school/The Student Union will/is going to hold...
(9)A lecture will be given at 7：00 this evening in...
(10)Please take your notebooks with you and be sure on time.
(11)Those who are interested in it are warmly welcome.
三、高考语段
(1)This camp will open on July 20th.It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoy sports and learn about Chinese culture.(2015·北京)
该营地将于 7 月 20 号开放。它提供给像你我一样的青少年一个享受运动、了解中国文化的
机会。
(2))As scheduled，we have English Talent Show today.The purpose of this programme is to develop our interest in English learning and practical abilities in listening and speaking.The programme consists of the following activities：recitation，singing，word spelling，story telling and so on.The
Show will begin at two o’clock this afternoon at the Student Centre.Dear guests ， you are welcome to take part in some activities.I hope we students will benefit from your presence.
按照日程安排，我们今天有英语才艺表演。这个计划的目的是发展我们对英语学习的兴趣和锻炼实际听说能力。该计划包括以下活动：朗诵、唱歌、单词拼写、讲故事等等。表演将于下午2 点开始，地点在学生中心。亲爱的来宾，欢迎你们参加一些活动。我希望你们的光临使我
们学生有所收获。
四、写作模板
Notice
①will organize .②This activity aims to .③This activity is arranged to or so.It is planned to begin on .④The team members will be arranged to .Your main task is to .⑤Anyone who is welcome warmly. ⑥Those who are interested can contact for further information.⑦Looking forward to your active participation.
第1 讲应用文(3)——日记类
日记类作文要求考生根据所给的提示信息，写出一篇故事完整、句子通顺、语意连贯、符合逻
辑的短文。在命题形式上有图画提示或中英文提示，有的开头已给出。着重考查考生的语言表达能力和想象力。此类作文往往使用过去时，按照时间顺序叙述。开头开门见山、直入主题。正文注意用词恰当和句子之间的衔接过渡，可适当使用and，then，however，thus 等使文
章层次分明、文理通顺、意思连贯。结尾应自然有力。
经典语篇假设你参加了某国际旅行团的意大利三市游(罗马—佛罗伦萨—威尼斯)。今天你参观的是佛罗伦萨。请根据下面表格提示，写一篇游记。要求词数80 左右。游记格式已经给出，不计入总词数。
佛罗伦萨位于……
参观城市及景点介绍
米开朗基罗广场、大卫塑像、乌菲兹美术馆……
敬仰古代伟大的艺术家……准备明天
参观感受及旅游计划
进行下一城市的参观(威尼斯)
参考词汇：佛罗伦萨 Florence；米开朗基罗广场 Piazzale Michelangelo；大卫塑像 the sculpture of David；乌菲兹美术馆 the Uffizi Gallery
Oct.4th FridayFine
佳作欣赏
Oct.4th FridayFine
Here I am in Florence，a world?famous tourist city in the middle of Italy.Firstly， I came to the Piazzale Michelangelo， from where I looked over the beautiful sights of the whole city.Then，standing in the middle of the square is the sculpture of David，which is the symbol of the city.At last，I came to the Uffizi Gallery，where lots of artworks are displayed.
So attracted by them，I really want to stay here for a few more days.However，I must leave for Venice，another famous city in Italy tomorrow morning.
即时训练假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序写一篇日记，记述
你们在“传统文化进校园”活动中，向面人艺术家学习捏面人的过程。
注意：词数 80 左右。
参考词汇：一个面团 a piece of dough；面人 dough figurine
参考范文
January 29th FridayFine
Today，we invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make dough figurines.
When the craftsman came，we gave him a warm welcome and two boys helped him with the tool box.First，he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.We stood around him and watched attentively.Then we started to have a try ourselves.The old man walked around and helped us patiently.Finally，we took pictures with the old craftsman and the figurines we made.We were all very excited.
We hope we can have more activities of this kind!
第1 讲应用文(4)——发言(演讲)稿
在日常生活中，人们为参加会议或者集会时表达自己的意见、看法，或者汇报思想、工作情况等而准备的文稿就是发言稿。在较为隆重的仪式上和某些公众场所发表的发言稿也称之为演讲稿或者演说辞。演讲稿是人们在工作和社会生活中经常使用的一种文体。它可以用来交流思想、感情，表达主张、见解，也可以用来介绍自己的学习、工作情况和经验，等等。演讲稿具有宣传、鼓动、教育和欣赏等作用，它可以把演讲者的观点、主张与思想感情传达给听众以及读者，使他们信服并在感情上产生共鸣。
一、其基本组成部分
1．开始时对听众的称呼语
2．提出论题提出论题的方法各种各样，但常用的是举例法。别外，用具体的统计数据也是一个有效的引出论题的方法，比如：你要谈遵守交通规则的话题，可以从列举一系列有关车辆、车祸等的数据开始。
3．论证论证就是要把道理讲清楚。常见的论证方法有举例法、因果法、对比法
等。
4．结论
结论要简明扼要，以给听众留下深刻印象。
5．结尾结尾要干净落。
常用的结尾有：
Thank you very much for your attention.
Thanks for listening.
二、常用句型
1．Good morning/afternoon/evening, everyone.
2．Honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen!
3．I’m very proud that I can tell you something about...
4．I am very happy to show my opinion about environment protection.
5．In my opinion, we students should not drop litter carelessly and walk or ride to school as soon as possible.
6．Every one of us should think about future.
7．As long as we work together, I’m sure our beautiful dream will come true.
8．That’s all.Thank you!
一、考纲解读
提供一段350 词以内的语言材料，要求考生依据该材料内容、所给段落开头语和所标示关键词进行续写(150 词左右)，将其发展成一篇与给定材料有逻辑衔接、情节和结构完整的短文。
二、原题分析
1．原文材料 350 词以内，所续写文章 150 词左右。
2．原文多是情节丰富的记叙文，偶有少量的议论文。
3．原文给出 10 处左右的标有下划线的关键词语，所续写短文应使用 5 个以上。
4．续写部分分为两段，每段开头语已经给出。
5．续写部分分为两大类别：
①半开放性质。必须依据文章的语境逻辑推理续写。
②完全开放性质。可以依据文章的思路，自己发挥。
三、注意事项
1．词数要求。
2．与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度。
3．内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用。
4．应用语言结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性。
5．上下文的连贯性。
四、评分原则
1．本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据所续写短文的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于 130 的，从总分中减去 2 分。
4．评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：
(1)与所给短文及段落开头语的衔接程度；
(2)内容的丰富性和对所标出关键词语的应用情况；
(3)应用语法结构和词汇的丰富性和准确性；
(4)上下文的连贯性。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以
考虑。
6．如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
一、考纲解读
提供一篇 350 词以内的短文，要求考生基于该短文写出一篇 60 词左右的内容概要。
二、原题分析
1．原文材料 350 词以内，概要写作 40～80 词。
2．原文以说明文、议论文为主。
3．概要，基本上就是段落大意。每段一句话概括，或者两段一个大意，最多用两句话概括就行。
4．要着重训练自己文章主旨大意和各段段落大意的归纳概括能力。
三、注意事项
1．找关键词和主题句，准确理解、分析原文要点，归纳段落大意。
2．各要点的表达要相对独立。
3．各要点之间要有适当的衔接。
4．句型力求简单，每句话要表意明白，无空泛、笼统、含混之词。
5．尽量使用短句，慎用长难句。例如，尽量少用关系代词which，who 等引导的定语从句，而采用?ing形式和?ed形式作定语。
6．多使用概括性词语，少用具体描述性词语。
四、模板及句型
1．表示文章的内容以及研究目的
①This paper is aimed at/covers/mainly deals with...
②The article focuses on the topic of...
2．表示研究的结论
①The result showed that...
②The author found that...
③It was concluded that...
3．表示推荐、观点或建议
①The author suggests/considers that...
②Suggestions are made for...
五、评分原则
1．本题总分为 25 分，按 5 个档次给分。
2．评分时，先根据所写概要的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3．词数少于 40 和多于 80 的，从总分中减去 2 分。
4．评分时，应主要从以下四个方面考虑：
(1)对原文要点的理解和呈现情况；
(2)应用语法结构和词汇的准确性；
(3)上下文的连贯性；
(4)对各要点表达的独立性情况。
5．拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个重要方面，评分时，应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
6．如书写较差以致影响交际，可将分数降低一个档次。
第4 讲书写规范
许多考生只重视写作内容的训练和提高，忽略了卷面书写的规范训练，影响考试分数。要做到卷面工整、美观，考生需要注意：
1．分段。
大多数文章可分为三段。段落层次清晰，段首对齐或缩进约4个字符距离。
2．字母饱满圆润，清晰可辨。
对于a，o；u，r，v；e，t，c；h，l 等在手写体中易于混淆的字母，一定要写清楚，易于辨认。要避免笔顺错误或随意连笔造成的字母混淆。笔顺易错的字母是E，F，H，N，O，R，W，d，i，j, 需重点模仿英语规范手写体字帖上这些字母的笔顺。
3．字母上中下比例恰当考生脱离了四线三格后，要尽量压线书写，避免所有字母悬于线上，呈波浪式前进。严禁b，d，h，k，l，t上部过长或 f，g，j，p，q，y下部过长等比例失衡现象。
4．间距均匀字母与字母之间，单词与单词之间都要间距均匀。单词之间约为一两个字母的宽度，千万不能太拥挤或太松散。如： I come from China.不能写成：IcomefromChina.也不能写成I come from China.
5．倾斜度一致
写字母时要注意倾斜度，所有的字母一律向右倾斜5 度左右，要保持倾斜度一致。
6．准确运用标点英语中的标点符号与汉语标点符号基本相同，只有句号、省略号等不一样。英语的句号不是“。”，而是实心的“.”；省略号不是“……”，而是“...”。字符号不要写得太
长，以免跟破折号混淆。其长度相当于一个小写字母。英语中没有顿号“、”，在表示句中较短
的并列词语之间的停顿时，英语只能用逗号；连接一系列并列项目的“and”或“or”之前往往
可以用逗号。英语中没有书名号《》，一般用引号。如：Yesterday she saw an English film “Gone with the Wind”．。
7．注意移行规则在书写英语时，如在一行之末无法将一个词写完，这个词的某几个字母必须写到下一行去，这种书写现象被称为单词的移行。移行时要在没写完的部分后面用上一个连字符号“?”表示该词未完，剩下的部分写在下一行里，但不是随意的，而是要按照一定
的规则进行。移行的规则与单词的音节有关，特别应该注意以下几点：
(1)单音节词不能移行，如pen，book，fish，map，dog，red，meat等。
(2)属于字母组合的，不能拆开字母组合进行移行，如 teacher不能拆写成teac?her，nothing 不能写成not?hing等。
(3)遇到复合词，则可以按其中的个体单词进行分离，如 classroom可以拆写成class?room，football 可以拆写成foot?ball，eggplant 可拆写成egg?plant，afternoon 可拆写成after?noon等。
(4)如果是单词中有两个相同的辅音字母，移行时应该拆开，如bottle可以拆写成bot?tle，better 可以拆写成bet?ter等。(5)即使不违背音节的划分规则，也不能在上一行只留一个字母，或只移一个字母到下行，如 study 不能写成s?tudy或stud?y等。
(6)连字号相当于一个字母的宽度，书写时应把握好。
(7)时间、量度及货币单位应视为一个整体；不能分开移行。如11：00 P．M.应写在一行内，不能将 11：00 和 P.M.分开移行；
(8) 由“年、月、日”表示的日期，如果必须分开移行只能将“月、日”与“年”分开。
如 January 6,1980 不能将 January 和 6 分开移行，但可以把 January 6，和 1980 分成两行。
注意：移行不可过多。右边每行长短错落要比移词过多看上去舒服。
8．切忌涂抹如果下笔有误，按照短文改错中删词的做法在错单词上自左上到右下画一斜线即可。不能抹黑，影响整篇书写的整洁美观。考生应先做简要的草稿以确保下笔不再涂改。如果同学们能按照以上标准坚持每天训练，一定能在高考英语写作中上升一个档次。
第5 讲名言谚语
引经据典是英语作文中常用的方法。谚语是人类智慧的结晶，它往往具有很强的哲理性和启示性。将言简意赅、富有哲理的谚语运用到英语写作中可以增加文章亮点，升华文章主题，提高作文的得分档次。谚语的运用常体现在以下几个方面：
(1)开门见山，引出下文在高考作文中选择与主题有关的名言警句作为切入点，可以起到统领全篇、提纲挈领的作用，使文章中心发人深思，为文章增色。
(2)旁征博引，广为论证在写作中，如果我们能把谚语作为文章的论据使用，能够增加语言的说服力，同时避免了因使用复杂句式而出现的语法失误，达到提高文章档次的目的。
(3)概括总结，提炼论点高考英语作文要求对所论述的问题进行概括总结，提炼论点或得出结论。在文章结尾处使用谚语可起到画龙点睛，深化主题的作用。
中学阶段英语写作常用谚语：
(1)It is never too old to learn.活到老，学到老。
(2)Wellbegun，halfdone.好的开始等于成功的一半。
(3)All things are difficult before they are easy. 万事开
头难。
(4)God helps those who help themselves.天助自助者。
(5)The early bird catches the worm. 早起的鸟儿有虫
吃。
(6)Don’t put off till tomorrow what should be done today.今日事，今日毕。
(7)Lost time is never found again.光阴一去不复返。
(8)Time waits for no man.岁月不待人。
(9)Timeflies.光阴似箭。
(10)Time is money.时间就是金钱。
(11)Opportunities are only for the prepared minds。
机会只青睐那些有准备的人。
(12)Where there is a will，there is a way.有志者事竟成。
(13)Nothing is impossible to a willing heart. 世上无难事，只要肯登
攀。
(14)Experience is the mother of wisdom.实践出真知。
(15)Actions speak louder than words.事实胜于雄辩。
(16)Practice makes perfect.熟能生巧。
(17)Easier said than done.说起来容易，做起来难。
(18)More haste less speed./Haste makes waste. 欲速
则不达。
(19)Rome was not built in a day.伟业非一日之功。
(20)The longest journey begins with the first step. 千
里之行，始于足下。
(21)Constant dripping wears away a stone.
水滴石穿，绳锯木断。
(22)A big tree falls not at the first stroke.
一斧子砍不倒大树。
(23)One false step will make a great difference.
失之毫厘，谬之千里。
(24)A fall into the pit，a gain in your wit.
吃一堑，长一智。
(25)All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。
(26)East or west，home is the best. 金窝银
窝不如自己的草窝。
(27)When in Rome，do as the Romans do.入乡随俗。
(28)Oncebitten，twiceshy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。
(29)The older，the wiser.姜是老的辣。
(30)Early to bed，early to rise makes a man healthy，wealthy and wise.早睡早起身体好。
(31)It is hard to please all.众口难调。
(32)Every coin has two sides.任何事情都有两面性。
(33)Agood medicine tastes bitter.良药苦口，忠言逆耳。
(34)A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情。
(35)Many heads are better than one.
三个臭皮匠，赛过诸葛亮。
(36)enius is nothing but labor and diligence.
天才不过是勤奋而已。
(37)who laughs last，laughs best.
谁笑到最后，谁笑得最好。
(38)It is no use crying over split milk.
覆水难收。
(39)etter late than never.迟做总比不做好。
(40)Money is not everything. 金钱不是万能的。
(41)Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
(42)Details are the key to success. 细节决定成败。
(43)Two heads are better than one. 集思广益。
(44)Strike while the iron is hot. 趁热打铁。
(45)No pain，no gain. 不劳无获。
(46)Think twice before acting.三思而后行。
(47)Knowledge is power. 知识就是力量。
(48)Reading is always beneficial./Reading enriches the mind.开卷有益。
(49)A good book is a good friend.好书如挚友。
(50)Not to advance is to go back.不进则退。
(完整)浙江新高考英语作文概要和续写(20200518215850)
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