英语专业术语翻译
篮球场英语术语及翻译
篮球场英语术语及翻译篮球是一项世界范围内广受欢迎的体育运动，而篮球场上的一些专业术语也成为篮球爱好者们交流的重要内容。
了解这些篮球场上常见的英语术语及其翻译，不仅可以让我们更好地理解比赛进程，还可以帮助我们更流利地交流和与他人讨论比赛。
球场Half Court（半场）：指篮球场上的一半区域，通常用于训练和小型比赛。
Free Throw Line（罚球线）：指位于篮框正前方的罚球线，球员在罚球时需站在该线上投篮。
Three-Point Line（三分线）：指距离篮框较远的三分线，当球员在该线外投中球时可得三分。
球员Point Guard（控球后卫）：球队中负责控制比赛进程和组织进攻的球员。
Power Forward（大前锋）：球队中负责抢篮板和在低位得分的球员。
Center（中锋）：球队中通常负责在篮下得分和防守的球员。
技术动作Dribbling（运球）：指球员用手持球在场上移动的动作。
Layup（上篮）：指球员在快攻时直接跑向篮筐，在绕过防守球员后上篮得分。
Block（盖帽）：指球员在防守时阻止对方投篮得分的动作。
比赛进程Fast Break（快攻）：指球队在对方防守尚未建立时迅速推进比赛节奏。
Overtime（加时赛）：指比赛在常规时间结束后进行的额外时间，直到分出胜负。
Shot Clock（进攻时钟）：指规定球队必须在一定时间内射门的时间，通常为24秒。
了解篮球场上的英语术语及其翻译，可以让我们更好地理解比赛过程，提高与他人交流的效率。
希望大家在享受篮球比赛的同时，也能积极学习这些专业术语，让篮球运动更加有趣！。
英语词汇学引论 术语翻译
Abberbation 缩写；缩略Ablative case 夺格（即第五个或工具格）Absolute synonym 绝对同义词Accusative case 直接宾格Acronym 首字母缩略词Aderbial clause of concession 让步状语从句Affix 词缀Affixation 词缀法Alien 外国词Alliteration 头韵Alphabetical order 字母表顺序Amelioration 进化Analogy 类比Analytic language 分析性语言Anthropomorphic 拟人化的Antonym 反义词Antonymy 翻译关系Approach to 方法Archaism 古词Arbitrary 任意的Argot 黑话Autosemantic 词本身有独立意义的Base 词基Back-formation 逆成法Bilingual 双语的Blend 拼缀词Blending 拼缀法Borrowed word 借词Borrowing 借词Bound morpheme 粘着形位Briton 布立吞人Capitalization 大写Case 格Classical element 古典成分Clipping 缩短法Collocability 词的搭配能力Collocation 词的搭配Colloquialism 口语词Colloquial style 口语语体Combining form 构词成分Complementaries 互补性反义词Complex word 复合词Compound 合成词Compound word 合成词Compounding 合成法Concatenation 连锁型语义演变过程Conjugation 动词变位Connotative meaning 内含意义Context 语境Contraries 相对性反义词Conventional 约定俗成的Converging sound-development 语音发展的一致性Conversion 转类法Conversives 换位性反义词Cosmopolitan character 国际性Dative case 与格（第三格）De-adjectival 由形容词转变而来的Declension 名词、形容词等的变格Degradation of meaning 意义的降格Denizen 外来词Denominal nouns :abstract 纯名词表示抽象意义Denominal nouns :concrete 纯名词表示具体意义Denotative meaning 外延意义Derivative antonym 派生反义词Deterioration 退化Deverbal noun 由动词派生的名词Diachronic approach 历时分析法Diachronic dictionary 历史语言学词典Diachrony 历时分析Dialect 方言Double genitive case 双生格Doublets 两词一组的同义词Elevation of meaning 意义的升格Encyclopaedic dictionary 百科全书词典Entry 词条Etymology 词源学Euphemism 委婉语Euphony 语音的和谐悦耳Existing word 现行的词Exocentric word 离心结构合成词Extension of meaning 意义的扩大Figure of speech 修饰手段Figurative use 比喻用法Foreign element 外来语成分Formal word 书面词Form-word 虚词Free from 自由形式Free morpheme 自由形位Free phrase 自由词组French element 法语成分Full conversion 完全转类法Full word 实词Functional word 虚词Generalization 一般化Genitive case 生格（第二格）General dictionary 一般性词典Glossary 难词Headword 词目Homoform 同语法形式异义词Homograph 同形异音异义词Homonym 同音异义词；同形异义词；同音同形异义词Homonymy 同音、同形、同音同形异义词的研究Homophone 同音异形异义词Hybrid 混合词Hyponym 下意词Hyponymy 上下意关系Idiom 习语Idiomatic phrase 惯用语词组Imperative sentence 祈使句Indo-European family 印欧语系Inflected language 曲折性语言Informal word 口语词Jargon 行话Latin element 拉丁语成分Leveled inflections 曲折变化弱化Linguistic context 语言语境Literal use 字面用法Loan-word借词Locative case 位置格Locative prefix 表示地点的前缀Lost inflections 曲折变化消失Main stress 主重音Medium-sized dictionary 中型词典Metaphor隐喻Middle English 中古英语Miscellaneous prefix 混合型前缀Monosemy 一词单意Morpheme 形位Morphology 词法Motivation 理据Multilingual 用多种语言表达的；多语的Narrowing of meaning 意义的缩小Native element 本族语成分Native word 本族语词Negative prefix 表示否定的前缀Neo-classical 新古典主义的Neologism 新词New word 新词Nominative case 主格Nonce word 临时造的词Non-linguistic context 非语言语境Notional word 实词Number prefix 表示数目的前缀Obsolete word 费词Official language 官方语言Old English 古英语Onomatopoeia 象声词Open 分开写的Orthographic criterion 正字法标准Part of the speech 词类Partial conversion 部分转类法Pejorative prefix 表示贬义的前缀Pahatic communion 交际性谈话Phonetics 语音学Phonology 音位学Phraseological idiom 熟语Physiology 生理学Pocket dictionary 小型词典Polarity 对立性Polysemic character 一词多义性Polysemy 一词多义Popular 通俗的Possessive case 所有格Preciseness 精确性Prefix 前缀Prefixation 前缀法Private prefix 表示反义的前缀radiation 放射型的语义演变过程reduplicative compound 或者reduplicative(s )重叠合成词reference 语词所指涵义referent 语词所指事物relative synonym 相对同义词repetition 重复representative work 代表作reversative prefix表示反义的前缀rhyme 韵脚richness丰富性root 词根root antonym词根反义词Scandinavian element 斯堪的纳维亚语成分Secondary stress次重音Semantic borrowing(s)义借词Semantics语义学Semiotic triangle三角关系符号学理论Sense-shift语义转换Shade of meaning意义的（细微）差别Shortening缩短法(the)sign theory of Saussure索绪尔符号理论Signified（借助符号进行交际的）事物的概念或涵义Signifier代表事物的概念或涵义符号Simile明喻Slang俚语solid(合成词中两个词）连起来写的special dictionary专门性词典specialization 特殊化Spelling拼写Stem词干Stylistics文体学Suffix后缀Suffixation后缀法(the)superordinate (term)上义词Survival(s)(vestiges)保留下来的词Sychronic approach共时分析法Sychronic dictionary共时语言学词典Synchrony共时分析Synesthetic（产生）联觉的Synecdoche提喻法Synonym同义词Synonymy 同义关系Synsemantic 与其他词连用时才有意义的Teutonic language条顿（日耳曼）语言The Angles,Saxons and Jutes盎格鲁人撒克逊人，朱特人The Norman conquest 诺曼征服英国Translation-loans译借词Triplets三词一组的同义词Unabridged dictionary 大型（无任何删节的）词典Variety (语言的）变体Word-class 词类Word -formation word-building 构词法Word-forming ability 构词能力Word-stock词汇Working language 工作语言。
电池英语及翻译术语专业英语词汇_英语词汇
Alkaline batteries ：碱性电池Capacitor batteries：电容电池Carbon zinc batteries ：碳锌电池Lead acid batteries：铅酸电池Lead calcium batteries：铅钙电池Lithium batteries ：锂电池Lithium ion batteries ：锂离子电池Lithium polymer batteries：锂聚合物电池Nickel cadmium batteries ：镍镉电池Nickel iron batteries ：镍铁电池Nickel metal hydride batteries ：金属氧化物镍氢电池/镍氢电池Nickel zinc batteries：镍锌电池Primary batteries ：原电池Rechargeable batteries ：充电电池Sealed lead acid batteries：密封铅酸电池Silver cadmium batteries ：银钙电池Silver oxide batteries ：银氧化物电池Silver zinc batteries：银锌电池Zinc chloride batteries：银氯化物电池Zinc air batteries：锌空电池Environmental Protection batteries:环保电池Lithium batteries ：锂电池Lithium ion batteries ：锂离子电池Lithium polymer batteries：锂聚合物电池铅酸蓄电池 Lead-acid battery起动铅酸电池 Lead-acid starter batteries摩托车用铅酸电池 Lead-acid batteries for motorcycles内燃机车用铅酸电池 Lead-acid batteries for disel locomotive电动道路车辆用铅酸电池 Lead-acid batteries for electric road vehicles小型阀控密封式铅酸电池 small-sized valve-regulated lead-acid batteries航空用铅酸电池 Aircraft lead-acid batteries固定型阀控密封式铅酸蓄电池 Lead-acid batteries for stationary valve-regulated铅酸电池用极板 plate for lead-acid battery铅锭 lead ingots牵引用铅酸电池 Lead-acid traction batteies电解液激活蓄电池 electrolyte activated battery更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：valve 排气阀filling device for pleral cells 电池组填充装置negative electrode 负电极negative plate 负极板addition reagent for negative plate 负极板添加剂indicator 指示器top cover 上盖vent plug 液孔塞expanded grid 扩展式板栅specific gravity indicator 比重指示器electrolyte level control pipe 电解液液面控制管electrolyte level indicator 电解液液面指示器electrolyte level sensor 电解液液面传感器hard rubber container 硬橡胶槽envelope separator 包状隔板woven cloth tube 纺布管spongy lead 海绵状铅partition 隔壁over the partition type 越过隔壁型through the partition type 贯通隔壁贯通型separator 隔板(1)battery rack(2)battery stand(3)battery stillage 蓄电池架/蓄电池底垫active material 活性物质glass fiber separator 玻璃纤维隔板glass mat 玻璃纤维绵glass mat tube 玻璃纤维绵管spacing washer 间隔垫圈reinforced fiber separator 强化纤维隔板polarity mark plate 极性标记板pole 极柱pole insulator 极柱绝缘子pole nut 极柱螺母plate 极板plate foot 极板足plate supporter 极板支撑件element 极板群/极群组pole bolt 极柱螺栓plate lug 极板耳dilute sulfuric acid 稀硫酸steel can 金属罐steel container 金属蓄电池槽(1)madribs(2)element rest 鞍子/极群组座tubular plate 管状极板gelled electrolyte 胶体电解液更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：板栅caution label 警告标签synthetic resin separator 合成树脂隔板plastics container 塑料蓄电池槽synthetic fiber separator 合成纤维隔板connector sunken type 沉没型连接器connetor exposed type 露出型连接器safety valve test 安全阀测试ampere-hour efficency 安时效率one charge distance range 一次充电行程gas recombination on negative electrode typecut-off discharge 终止放电/截止放电阴极气体再化合型/阴极气体复合型(1）specific characteristic (2)energy density (1)比特性（2）能量密度recovering charge 恢复充电(1)open circuit voltage(2)off-load voltage 开路电压/空载电压overcharge 过充电gassing 析气overcharge life test 过充电寿命试验accelerated life test 加速寿命试验active material utilization 活性物质利用率theoretical capacity of active material 活性物质的理论容量over discharge 过放电intermittent discharge 间歇放电full charge 完全充电full discharge 完全放电reverse charge 反充电/反向充电quick charge 快速放电allowable minimum voltage 允许最小电压equalizing charge 均衡充电creeping 蠕变group voltage 组电压shallow cycle endurance 轻负荷寿命/轻负荷循环寿命characteristic of electrolyte decrease 电解液减少特性nominal voltage 标称电压high rate discharge 高率放电high rate discharge characteristic 高率放电特性5 second voltage at discharge 放电 5 秒电压（1）cold cranking ampere（2）cold cranking performance（1）冷启动电流（2）冷启动性能cycle life test 循环寿命测试maximum voltage at discharge 最大放电电压30 second voltage at discharge 放电 30 秒电压residual capacity 残存容量(1)hour rate(2) discharge rate （1）小时率（2）放电率更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：self discharge (2) local action （1）自放电（2）局部自放电(1) self discharge rate(2) local action rate （1）自放电率（2）局部自放电率actual capacity 实际容量(1)starting capability(2)cranking ability 启动能力cranking current 启动电流battery clamp test 电池夹钳测试power density 功率密度momentary discharge 瞬间放电modified constant voltage charge 修正恒定电压充电initial capacity 初始容量gas recombination by catalyser type 触媒气体复合式initialcharge 初始充电viberation test 振动试验predetermined voltage 预定电压total voltage 总电压activation test for dry charged battery 干式荷电蓄电池活化试验salting 盐析earthquake-proof characteristics 防震性能dielectric voltage withstand test 电介质耐压试验short time discharge 短时间放电escaped acid mist test 酸雾逸出测试terminal voltage 端子电压cell voltage 单电池电压step charge阶段充电short-circuit current 短路电流storage test 保存测试high rate discharge at low temperature 低温高率放电rated voltage 额定电压rated capacity 额定容量fixed resistance discharge 定阻抗放电constant voltage charge 恒压充电constant voltage life test 恒压寿命测试constant current charge 恒流充电constant voltage constant current charge 恒流恒压充电constant current discharge 恒流放电constant watt discharge 恒功率放电low rate discharge characteristics 低率放电特征trickle charge 涓流充电trickle charge current 涓流充电电流trickle charge life test 涓流充电寿命测试thermal runaway 热失控driving pattern test 运行测试capacity in driving pattern test 运行测试更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：charge急充电floating charge浮充电floating charge voltage 浮充电电压floating charge current 浮充电电流(1)mean voltage (2)average voltage 平均电压on-load voltage 负载电压discharge duration time 放电持续时间(1)final voltage(2)cut-off voltage(3)end voltagedepth of discharge 放电深度discharge voltage 放电电压discharge current 放电电流discharge current density 放电电流密度discharge watt-hour 放电瓦时discharge characteristics 放电特性discharged ampere-hour 放电安时explosion proof test 防爆测试auxiliary charge 补充电maintenance factor 维护率storage characteristics 保存特性终止电压/截止电压gas recombinating efficiencycharge 充电气体复合效率/气体再化合效率charge acceptance test 充电可接受性试验start-of-charge current 充电开始电流charge efficiency 充电效率end-of-charge voltage 充电结束电压specific gravity of electrolyte at the end of charge充电结束时电解液比重charge voltage 充电电压charge current 充电电流charged watt-hour 充电瓦时charge characteristic 充电特性charge ampere-hour 充电安时deep cycle endurance 重负荷循环寿命/重复合寿命weight engergy density 重量能量密度rubber pad 橡胶垫lower level line 下液面线side terminal 侧端子collective exhaust unit 公共的排放单元sintered plaque 烧结极板sintered separator 烧结隔板sintered plate 烧结极板catalyst plug 催化塞spine 芯骨strap 带更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：隔离物insulating tube绝缘管intercell connector连接线/连接条connector cover连接管盖float mounted plug 浮动安装的栓(1)pasted plate (2)grid type plate 涂膏式极板braidd tube 编织管(1)flame-arrester vent plug (2)flam-retardant vent plug 安全塞explosion and splash proof construction 防爆防溅结构baffle 保护板pocket type plate 袋式极板bottom hole-down 底孔向下（固定）bolt fastening terminal 螺栓连接端子male blade 阳片monoblock container 整体槽positive electrode 正极positive plate 正极板leading wire terminal 引线端子retainer mat 止动垫片ribbed separator 肋隔板(1)jumping wire (2)inter low wire 跳线end plate 端板filling plug 注液塞plante plate 形成式极板/普朗特极板tubular plate 管式极板low electric resistance separator 低电阻隔板tapered terminal post 锥形接线柱electrolyte 电解液container 蓄电池槽/蓄电池壳set of container 成套蓄电池槽level-scope mounted plug 透视塞/透视栓handle 手柄jug 取液管(1)connector;(2)plug concent (1)连接器；(2)插座式连接器connector wire 连接线connecting bar 连杆connecting bar cover 连杆帽lead 引线/连接线edge insulator 绝缘卡side frame 侧框架battery cubicle 蓄电池箱perforated separator 多孔隔板burning rod (铅)焊条terminal 端子更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：connector 端子连接条terminal cover 端子盖terminal base 端子座tab 接线片lead bushing 铅套corrugated separator 波形隔板(1)lead dioxide;(2)lead peroxide (1)二氧化铅；(2)过氧化铅(1)woven separator;(2)nonwoven separator (1)织物隔板；(2)非织物隔板vent hole 通气孔exhaust tube 排气管antipolar mass 反极性物质output cable 输出电缆microporous rubber separator 微孔像胶隔板specific gravity indicator 比重计leaf separator 叶片式隔板lid sealing compound 密封剂/封口剂sealing gasket 密封衬垫/垫圈lid 蓄电池盖set of lid 系列的盖方通盖板cover board底板solepiece钢珠steel ball压钢珠press steel ball防爆阀valve preventing explosion大电流(倍率)放电discharge in high rate current 标称电压Normal voltage标称容量normal capacity放电容量discharge capacity充电上限电压limited voltage in charge 放电下限电压更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：voltage in discharge恒流充电constant current charge恒压充电constant voltage charge恒流放电constant current discharge 放电曲线discharge curve充电曲线charge curve放电平台discharge voltage plateau 容量衰减capacity attenuation起始容量initial discharge capacity 流水线pipelining传送带carrying tape焊极耳welding the current collector卷绕wind叠片layer贴胶带stick tape点焊spot welding超声焊ultrasonic weldingThe terminating voltage in discharge of the battery is volt. The limited voltage in charge of the battery is volt.三元素Nickle-Cobalt-Manganese Lithium Oxidethree elements materials钴酸锂Cobalt Lithium Oxide锰酸锂Manganese Lithium Oxide石墨graphite更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：烘箱oven真空烘箱vacuum oven搅拌机mixing devicevacuum mixing device涂布机coating equipment裁纸刀paper knife ,,,,,,cutting knife分条机equipment for cutting big piece to much pieces 辊压机roll press equipment电阻点焊机spot welding machine超声点焊机ultrasonic spot welding machine 卷绕机winder自动叠片机auto laminating machine激光焊机laser welding machine注液机infusing machine真空注液机vacuum infusion machine预充柜pre-charge equipment化成柜formation systems分容柜grading systems测试柜testing systems内阻仪battery inner resistance tester 万用表multimeter转盘式真空封口机turntable type vacuum sealing machine更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：自动冲膜机automatic aluminum membrane shaper序号首字母英文中文1 A aging 老化2 B battery charger3 black-fleck 黑斑4 C cap 盖板充电器5 capacity density 能量密度6 capacity grading 分容7 cathode tab welding 极耳超焊8 cell 电芯9 charge(capacity) retention 荷电（容量）保持10 checking code 检码11 concave spot 凹点12 constant current charge 恒流充电13 constant current discharge 恒流放电14 constant voltage charge 恒压充电15 corrective measures 纠正措施16 crack 裂纹17 cut-off voltage 终止电压18 cycle life 循环寿命19 D dark trace 暗痕20 degrade 降级21 dent 凹痕22 discharge depth 放电深度23 distortion 变形24 drape 打折25 E Electrical and MechanicalServices Department 机电部26 electrolyte 电解，电解液27 empaistic 压纹28 end-off voltage 放电截止电压29 environmentally friendly 对环境友好30 equipment first inspection 设备首检31 erode 腐蚀32 explosion-proof line 防爆线33 F first inspection 首检34 formation 化成35 fracture 断裂36 I inspection 检验37 insulate 绝缘38 internal resistance 内阻更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：J jellyroll 卷芯40 joint 接缝，结合点41 L laser deflecting 偏光42 laser reticle 激光刻线43 laser welding-flatwise weld 激光焊接-平焊laser welding-standing weld 激光焊接-立焊44 leakage 漏液45 leak-checking 测漏46 leaving out of welding 漏焊47 limited charge voltage 充电限制电压48 local action 自放电49 M margin turnly 翘边50 measuring the dimension of cells 电芯卡尺寸51 meet requirement 达到要求52 memory effects 记忆效应53 N nick 划痕54 nominal voltage 标称电压55 notice-board confirmation 看板确认56 nugget 硬块57 O obverse 正面58 open circuit voltage 开路电压59 over charge 过充60 over discharge 过放61 over the thickness 超厚62 P particle 颗粒63 PE membrane PE 膜64 pit 坑点65 placing cells into the box 电芯装盒66 point inspection 点检67 preventive measures 预防措施68 pricking the tapes 扎孔69 process inspection 制程检验70 put the battery piled up 将电芯叠放在一起71 Q qualified products 合格品72 quality assurance 质量保证73 quality control 质量控制74 quality improvement 质量改进75 quality match 品质配对76 quality planning 质量策划77 R rated capacity 额定容量78 recharge 再充电79 refitting the can of cell 电芯壳口整形80 requirment 要求81 reverse 背面，反面更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：rework 返工83 ringing cells into pyrocondensation films84 S safety vent 安全阀85 sand aperture 砂眼86 scar 疤痕87 secondary battery 二次电池88 select appearance 选外观sharp-set 批锋89 short circuit checking 测短路90 smudginess 污物91 spot welding by laser 激光点焊92 spot welding place 点焊位置93 spraying the code 喷码94 spur 毛刺95 sticking the PVC cover boards 贴面垫96 storing 陈化97 storing with high voltage 高压储存98 T tabs deflection 极耳歪斜99 tabs excursion 极耳错位100 technics requiment 工艺要求101 U ultrasonic welding 超声波焊接102 ultrasonic welding strength 超焊强度103 unqualified products 不合格品104 W wave 波浪105 working procedure 工序套热缩膜Voltage：Units of measuring electrical current, all batteries are rated in volts DC.(DirectCurrent). This determines how much energy is needed to power your equipment.Voltage plateau:（电压平台）A slow decrease in voltage over a long period of time. As a rule, the plateauextendsfrom the first voltage drop at the start of the discharge to the bend of thecurveafter which the voltage drops rapidly at the end.Nominal Voltage（标称电压）The voltage of a battery, as specified by the manufacturer, discharging at aspecified rate and temperature.Working voltage（工作电压）The working voltage of a cell or battery begins at its electrical connections assoon as an electrical consumer is connected to it.Discharging voltage, average voltage (放电电压)更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：average discharging voltage is the average value of the dischargingvoltageduring the entire discharging process with a related discharging current.Open circuit voltage (OCV 开路电压)The voltage of a battery when there is no current flowing.Closed-Circuit Voltage (CCV 闭路电压)The potential or voltage of a battery when it is discharging or charging. State of charge:The rate of charge capacity vs. whole capacity.Initial voltage（起始电压）A battery＇s initial voltage is the working voltage when discharging begins. End-point voltage (End voltage, Cutoff voltage, Final voltage)截止电压Specified closed circuit voltage at which a service output test is terminated. End-of-discharge voltageThe battery voltage when discharge is terminated.End-of-charge voltageThe battery voltage when charge is terminated.Cutoff voltage (V)The battery voltage at which charge or discharge is terminated.Definition: Capacity(容量）The capacity of a cell is defined as how manymilli-amp-hours (mAh) of current the cell canstore and subsequently deliver.One milli-amp (mA) is 1/1000th of an Amp. Somelarger cell capacities are expressed in Amp-hours(Ah).“Rated capacity” is varies with discharge rate,temperature, and cutoff voltage.Rated capacity is different from power or energyExample:If a cell is rated at 1000 mAh, then it can deliverthe following:1000 mA of current for 1 hour500 mA of current for 2 hours200 mA of current for 5 hours2000 mA of current for 1/2 hourDefinition: Energy Density(能量密度，包括体积比能量和质量比能量）The energy density of a cell is a measure of howmuch energy can be stored in the cell per unitvolume or per unit weight.E (watt-hours) = cell voltage x capacity rating更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：Energy density per unit volumeis called the“volumetric energy density” and is expressed interms of watt-hours/liter (wh/l).Energy density per unit weight is called the“gravimetric energy density” and is expressedin terms of watt-hours/kilogram (wh/kg).These measurements are useful when you aretrying to determine which cell has the mostcapacity per unit volume or weight.Discharge自放电of the Li-ion Batteriesstrap 钢带vent 防爆阀 port 注液孔锂离子电池的一致性wound type cylindrical wound type箔圆柱形prismatic design 方形叠片式设计Ageing （老化）-Permanent loss of capacity with frequent use orthe passage of time due to unwanted irreversible chemical reactions in the cell.Anode（阳极） - The electrode in an electrochemical cell where oxidation takes place,releasing electrons.During discharge the negative electrode of the cell is the anode.During charge the situation reverses and the positive electrode of the cell is the anode.Cathode（阴极） - The electrode in an electrochemical cell where reduction takesplace, gaining electrons.During discharge the positive electrode of the cell is the cathode. During chargethe situation reverses andthe negative electrode of the cell is the cathode.Cycle （循环）- A single charge and discharge of a battery.Depth of discharge DOD （放电深度）- The ratio of the quantity of electricity orcharge removed from a cell on discharge to its rated capacity.Internal impedance（交流内阻） - Resistance to the flow of AC current within a cell.It takes into account the capacitive effect of the plates forming the electrodes.Internal resistance（直流内阻）- Resistance to the flow of DC electric current withina cell,causing a voltage drop across the cell in closed circuit proportional to the currentdrain from the cell.A low internal impedance is usually required for a high rate cell.更多电池资讯：电池产品认证指导网站：锂离子电池的内阻英语概念到底用哪个概念，是Internal resistance还是Internalimpedance，一些电池说明书内阻用 Internal resistance，也有的用 Internal impedance，我认为 Internal impedance 较好些，因为国内测的电池内阻基本都是交流内阻，而外文也有这样定义的（我在别的帖子也粘贴过）：Internal impedance（交流内阻） - Resistance to the flow of AC current within a cell.It takes into account the capacitive effect of the plates forming the electrodes.Internal resistance（直流内阻）- Resistance to the flow of DC electric current withina cell,causing a voltage drop across the cell in closed circuit proportional to the currentdrain from the cell.A low internal impedance is usually required for a high rate cell.在 IEC6196002 中，只定义为 Internal resistance，而用交流的方法测得的内阻，叫Internal. resistance（交流内阻）用直流的方法测得的内阻，叫 Internal . resistance（直流内阻），其实 Internal.resistance 测得就是阻抗，这样看来不如用 Internal impedance（交流内阻）和 Internal resistance （直流内阻）这两个概念把它们进行分清，以免混淆。
PCB专业术语翻译（英语）
PCB专业术语（英语）PCB printe d circui t board印刷电路板，指空的线路板PCBA printe d ci rcui t boardassembl y 印刷电路板组件，指完成元件焊接的线路板组件PWA Printe d Wire Assembl y，Apertu re list Editor：光圈表编辑器。
Apertu re list windows：光圈表窗口。
Annula r ring：焊环。
Array：拼版或陈列。
Acid trip：蚀刻死角。
Assemb y：安装。
Bare Bxnel：光板，未进行插件工序的PCB板。
Bad Badsiz e：工作台，工作台有效尺寸。
BlindBuried via：盲孔，埋孔。
Chamfe r：倒角。
Circui t：线路。
Circui t layer：线路层。
Clamsh ell tester：双面测试机。
Coordi nates A rea：坐标区域。
Copy-protect key：软件狗。
Coutou r：轮廓。
Draw：一种圆形的光圈，但只是用于创建线路，不用于创建焊盘。
DrillRack：铅头表。
DrillRack Editor：铅头表编辑器。
DrillRack window：铅头表窗口。
D Code：Gerber格式中用不着于表达光圈的代码。
Double-sidedBiard：双面板。
End of Blockcharacter（EOB）：块结束符。
Extract Netlis t：提取网络。
Firdaci al：对位标记。
Flash：焊盘，来源于早期矢量光绘机，在矢量光绘机中，焊盘是光通过光圈“闪出”（Flash ）而形成的。
Gerber Data：从PCB CAD系统到P CB生产过程中最常用的数据格式。
商务英语中常用术语的翻译
商务英语中常用术语的翻译定价和支付price and payment1.CIF 到岸价格/ 成本加保险费,运费价2.FOB离岸价格/ 装运港船上交货3.CFR离岸加运费价格/ 成本加运费价格4.佣金commission5.折扣discount6.净价,单价net price / unit price7.定金down payment8.分期付款installment payment询盘和报盘1.询盘inquiry2.发盘offer3.还盘counter-offer4.实盘firm offer5.虚盘non-firm offer6.规格specification7.样品sample8.交货delivery9.定货order10.最低价rockbottomprice11.价格单price list单据document1.形式发票proformainvoice2.商业发票commercial invoice3.领事发票consular invoice4.汇票draft / bill of exchange5.即期信用证sight draft6.远期信用证usancedraft7.信用证letter of credit / L/C8.即期信用证sight L/C9.远期信用证usanceL/C10. 装船通知shipping advice11.装箱单packing list11.货运单据shipping documents12.海运提单bill of lading / B/L13.清洁提单clean B/L14.不清洁提单unclean B/L16.保险单insurance policy17.检验证书certificate of inspection18.质检证书certificate of quality19.原产地证明书certificate of origin20.进口许可证import license21.出口许可证export license22.合同contract23.确认书confirmation24.售货确认书sales confirmation25.购货确认书confirmation of purchase。
化妆品专业术语的英语说法翻译
化妆品专业术语的英语说法翻译：Makeup（粉底）Mask（面膜）Mascara（睫毛膏）Milk（乳）Moisturisor（保湿面霜)Mult-（多元）Nail color（指甲油）Nail enamel（指甲油）Nail polish（指甲油）Nail saver（保甲液）Normal（中性皮肤）Nutritious（滋养）Oil-control（抑制油脂）Oily（油性皮肤）Pack（剝撕式面膜）Peeling（敷面剝落式面膜）Pressed powder（粉饼）Purify（清洁用）Quick dry（快干）Remover（去除、卸妝）Repair（修保）Revitalite（活化）Scrub（磨砂式(去角质)）Sensitive（敏感性皮肤）Shading powder（修容饼）Solvent（溶解）Spot（青春痘用）Sun block（防晒用）Toning lotion（化妝水）Trentment（修护）Wash（洗）Waterproof（防水）-White-（美白用）Acne（青春痘用品）Active（賦活用）After sun（日晒后用品）Alcohol-free（无酒精）Anti-（抗、防）Anti-wrinkle（抗老防皱）Balancing（平衡酸碱）Blusher（腮紅）Clean-（清洁用）Combination（混合性皮肤）Correct（遮瑕膏）Cream（霜）[url][/url] Day（日间用）Dry（干性皮肤）Essence(精华液）Exfoliator（去角质）Eye gel（眼胶）Eye mask（眼膜）Eye shadow（眼影）Eyeliner（眼线(笔、刷)）Facial（脸部用）Fast dry（快干）Firm（紧肤）Foam（泡沫）Foundation（粉底）Toner（化妝水）Gel（胶狀）Gentle（温和的）Hydra-（保湿用）Lip care（护唇用）Lip coat（口红弧膜）Lipstick（口红）Long lasting（持久性）Lotion（水、露）Loose power（蜜粉）化妆品专业术语的法语说法翻译：护肤:Soins pour la peau洗面奶: clarté(lait,cream,Gel,gel moussant)爽肤水: astringent,tonique卸装水: Démaquillant卸装水(眼部和唇部的);Démaquillant yeux et lèvres 卸装乳;Lait démaquillant卸装纸;Lingettes démaquillantes保湿moisturizer露lotion日霜créme de matin 晚霜créme de soir眼霜;Gel yeux面膜:Masque visage磨砂膏: facial scrub去黑头: (deep) pore clarté去死皮: gommage exfoliant去皱纹;Effaceur rides护手霜: main créme泉水：eau thermale天然的：naturels霜状的：givre化妆品;la parfumerie彩妆;Cosmétique遮瑕膏:Correcteur yeux粉扑;la houpe a poudre粉底;Fond de teint(compact,stick)散粉: Poudre唇线笔:le crayon levres眉笔;le crayon sourcil眼线笔;Contour yeux,眼影: eye shadow睫毛膏;le rimmel唇膏:Rouge à lèvres.fard des lèvres唇彩:Le gloss眼膏:fera des yeux指甲油;le vernis à ongles去甲水;de dissolvant眼影粉ombre à paupères眼影刷petit pinceau腮红刷（大刷）:grand pinceau à poudre腮红（胭脂）:FARD à joue睫毛膏:MASCARA睫毛夹:recourbe-cils遮瑕膏:correcteur阴影膏（鼻影膏）oudre compact唇彩:gloss brillant lips护肤: Skin care洗面奶: Facial cleanser/face wash(Foaming,milky,cream,Gel)爽肤水: Toner/astringent紧肤水：Firming lotion柔肤水：Toner/smoothing toner （facial mist/facial spray/complexion mist）护肤霜: Moisturizers and creams保湿：Moisturizer隔离霜，防晒：Sun screen/sun block美白：Whitening露：lotion，霜：Cream日霜：Day cream晚霜：Night cream眼部GEL: Eye gel面膜: Facial mask/masque眼膜: Eye mask护唇用：Lip care口红护膜：Lip coat磨砂膏: Facial scrub去黑头: (Deep) pore cleanser/striper pore refining 去死皮: Exfoliating Scrub润肤露（身体）: Body lotion/moisturizer护手霜: Hand lotion/moisturizer沐浴露: Body wash2.2 护肤专业术语Acne/Spot（青春痘用品）Active（活用）After sun（日晒后用品）Alcohol-free（无酒精）Anti-（抗、防）Anti-wrinkle（抗老防皱）Balancing（平衡酸硷）Clean-/Purify-（清洁用）Combination（混合性皮肤）Dry（干性皮肤）Essence（精华液）Facial（脸部用）Fast/Quick dry（快干）Firm（紧肤）Foam（泡沫）Gentle（温和用）Hydra-（保湿用）Long lasting（持久性）Milk（乳）Mult-（多元）Normal（中性皮肤）Nutritious（滋养）Oil-control（抑制油脂）Oily（油性皮肤）Pack（剥撕式面膜）Peeling（敷面剥落式面膜）Remover（去除、卸妆）Repair（修护）Revitalite（活化）Scrub（磨砂式(去角质)）Sensitive（敏感性皮肤）Solvent（溶解）Sun block（防晒用）Toning lotion（化妆水）Trentment（修护）Wash（洗）Waterproof（防水）2.3 化妆工具及其他术语工具: Cosmetic applicators/accessories彩妆: Cosmetics遮瑕膏: concealer修容饼：Shading powder粉底: Foundation (compact, stick)粉饼: Pressed powder散粉：Loose powder闪粉：Shimmering powder/glitter眉粉: Brow powder眉笔：Brow pencil眼线液（眼线笔）：Liquid eye liner, eye liner眼影: Eye shadow睫毛膏: Mascara唇线笔: Lip liner唇膏: Lip color/lipstick（笔状 lip pencil，膏状 lip lipstick，盒装 lip color/lip gloss）唇彩: Lip gloss/lip color腮红: Blush卸装水: Makeup remover卸装乳: Makeup removing lotion帖在身上的小亮片: Body art指甲: Manicure/pedicure指甲油: Nail polish/color/enamel去甲油：Nail polish remover护甲液：Nail saver发: Hair products/accessories洗发水: Shampoo护发素: Hair conditioner锔油膏: Conditioning hairdressing/hairdressing gel /treatment摩丝: Mousse发胶: Styling gel染发: hair color冷烫水: Perm/perming formula卷发器: Rollers/perm rollers粉刷: Cosmetic brush, face brush粉扑: Powder puffs海绵扑: Sponge puffs眉刷: Brow brush睫毛夹: Lash curler眼影刷: Eye shadow brush/shadow applicator 口红刷: Lip brush胭脂扫: Blush brush转笔刀: Pencil sharpener电动剃毛器: Electric shaver-for women电动睫毛卷: Electric lash curler描眉卡: Brow template纸巾: Facial tissue吸油纸: Oil-Absorbing Sheets化装棉: Cotton pads棉签: Q-tips化装包: Cosmetic bag。
英语合同翻译专业术语
商务英语合同术语◆合同contract◆定约人contractor◆合同价格contract price◆合同争议contractual dispute◆撤销合同cancellation of contract◆合同副本copies of the contract◆合同违约breach of contract◆标书，招投标bid◆招投标人bidder◆要约offer◆要约人offeror◆要约的撤销cancellation of offer◆要约的效力effect of offer◆要约的消除extinction of offer◆反要约counteroffer◆交叉要约cross offer◆承诺promise◆承诺的延迟delay of promise◆承诺的撤回withdraw of promise◆缔约上的过失culpa in contract◆同意consent◆标的object◆标的物objective thing◆标的物的风险burden of object risk◆定义条款definition clause◆陈述与保证representations and warranties◆合同各方parties to the contract◆违约金liquidated damages◆定金deposit◆法定违约金liquidated damages by law◆约定违约金liquidated damages by agreement◆债权人creditor◆债务人debtor◆不当履行misfeasance◆抵消setoff◆合伙partnership◆合伙人partner◆合伙协议partnership agreement◆入伙join partnership◆退伙withdrawal from partnership◆法人legal person◆企业法人legal body of enterprise◆中外合资企业Sino-foreign joint venture enterprise◆中外合作企业Sino-foreign contractual enterpnse◆承租人lessee◆租赁人lessor◆赠与人donator◆承运人carrier◆委托人principal◆代理人agent◆副本，抄本transcript◆卖主vendor◆停业wind up a business◆母公司parent company◆变更alteration◆法律变更的调整adjustments for changes in legislation ◆应付金额amount due◆可适用的applicable◆预付款advance payment◆附录appendix◆仲裁arbitration◆授权代表authorized representative◆分配，指派assignment◆由于attributable to◆接受acceptance◆中标acceptance of bid◆代理agency◆审查，审计audit◆账户，账目account◆诉讼action◆上诉appeal to◆从某日起on and after◆某日之前，提前多少日prior to◆不损害某规定，某情况下without prejudice to ◆因为in consideration of◆至于，在某方面in respect of◆壹佰万美元整ONE MILLION US DOLLARS◆即使notwithstanding◆商品价目表price list of commodity◆商品标价陈列display of commodity price◆商品分类表class of goods◆合同废除rescission of contract◆单方解除unilateral cancellation◆合同的单方解除unilateral removal of contract ◆合同的法定解除legal removal of contracts◆合同的书面形式written form of contract◆口头合同oral contract◆要式合同formal contract◆非要式合同informal contract◆实践合同real contract◆诺成合同consensual contract by promise ◆主合同principle contract◆附属合同accessory contract◆标准合同standard contract◆预约合同preliminary agreement◆利他合同altruistic contract◆瑕疵defect◆物之瑕疵defect of things◆权利之瑕疵defect of right◆提单bill of lading◆工程量清单bill of quantity◆人身伤害bodily injury◆违背，破坏breach◆破产bankruptcy◆水准基点bench mark◆裁决adjudication◆裁判员adjudicator◆裁决委员会adjudication board◆具体权利义务条款operative clause◆合同期限term◆合同期限的延展extension◆保密义务confidentiality◆索赔claim◆违约救济remedies for breach of contract ◆责任限制limitation on liability◆不可抗力Force Majeure◆争议的解决settlement of disputes◆友好协商friendly consultation◆裁决的执行enforcement of award◆适用法律applicable law◆其他规定miscellaneous provision◆修改amendment◆通知notice◆弃权Waiver◆可转让性assignability◆可分割性severability◆语言language◆签署execution◆价格price◆给付期period of payment◆合同的生效validity of contract◆合同履行地place of performance of contract◆合同的批准ratification of contract◆合同的终止termination of contract◆合同落空failure of contract◆公司设立备忘录memorandum of incorporation◆备忘录(合作备忘录）memorandum◆公司设立协议articles for incorporation◆公司设立章程articles of association◆意向书letter of intent◆意向性协议，框架性协议heads of agreement◆初步协议preliminary agreement◆加工合同contract of processing◆定做合同work contract◆农业承包经营合同agriculture contracting contract◆综合性承包合同comprehensive contracting contract◆企业承包经营合同enterprise contracting management contract◆抵押贷款合同contract of mortgage loan◆商品房贷款合marketable building loan contract◆商业贷款合同commercial loan contract◆建设工程勘察设计合同contract for prospecting anddesign of construction project◆招标合同inviting bids◆供给服务合同supplies service contract◆委托合同trust contract◆航空货物运输保险air transportation cargo Insurance◆联运合同contract of through transportation◆抵押合同mortgage contract◆贷款合同loan contract◆物业管理合同property management contract◆建设工程建设安装承包合同中construction engineering and installation contract◆采购合同purchase contract◆运输合同carriage / transportation / forwarding contract ◆进出口合同import and export contract◆补偿贸易合同contract for compensation trade◆供应合同supply agreement◆技术服务合同technical service contract◆技术咨询协议technical consulting agreement◆技术开发协议technical development agreement◆技术转让协议technical transfer agreement◆许可协议licensing agreement◆保险合同insurance contract◆委托付款协议escrow agreement◆保证金协议deposit agreement◆服务合同service agreement◆风险投资管理协议venture capital management agreement◆合伙协议partnership agreement◆股权转让协议share transfer agreement /Agreement on assignment of equity interests◆和解协议composition agreement◆法律顾问协议employment contract for legal consultant ◆合资企业合同joint venture contract◆子公司subsidiary◆代位权subrogation◆买卖合同sale contract◆电、水、气、热力供应合同contracts for supply of power，water, gas and heat◆赠与合同gift contract◆借款合同contract for loan of money◆租赁合同leasing contract◆融资租赁合同financial leasing contract◆承揽合同work-for-hire contract◆建设工程合同contract for construction projects◆运输合同carriage contract◆技术合同technology contract◆保管合同safe-keeping contract◆仓储合同warehousing contract◆委托代理合同agency appointment contract◆委托合同trading trust contract◆委托合同trading trust contract◆行纪合同和居间合同brokerage contract◆劳动合同labour contract◆保密协议confidentiality agreement◆竟业禁止协议non-compete agreement◆人事代理协议human agency agreement◆遗赠抚养协议legacy-support agreement◆离婚协议divorce agreement◆收养协议adoption agreement◆商品房买卖合同contract of sale for commodity house◆土地使用权出让、出租、转让合同contract for assignment，lease and transfer of the right to the use of land。
机械工程专业英语翻译
机械工程专业英语翻译Introduction机械工程是一门涵盖机械原理、设计、制造以及维护的综合性学科，其中涉及许多专业术语和英语翻译。
良好的英语翻译能力对机械工程师在国际合作和成果交流中至关重要。
本文将介绍机械工程专业中常见的英语单词和短语，并提供中文翻译和相关注释。
Mechanical Principles 机械原理对于机械原理，下面是一些常见的英语单词和短语。
1.Mechanism（机构）：A mechanism is a device designedto transform input forces and movement into a desiredoutput force and movement.2.Kinematics（运动学）：Kinematics is the study ofmotion, without regard to the cause of the motion.3.Statics（静力学）：Statics is the study of thebehavior of structures, under the action of forceswithout producing motion.4.Dynamics（动力学）：Dynamics is the study of thebehavior of motion of objects under the action of forces.5.Thermodynamics（热力学）：Thermodynamics deals withthe relationships between heat, work, and energy.6.Fluid Mechanics（流体力学）：Fluid mechanics is thestudy of the behavior of fluids at rest or in motion. Mechanical Design 机械设计对于机械设计，下面是一些常见的英语单词和短语。
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中国译协中译英最新发布,各类专业术语直译1.科学发展观the Outlook of Scientific Development2.倡导公正、合理的新秩序观call for the establishment of a new just and equitable order3.以平等互利为核心的新发展观new thinking on development based on equality and mutual benefit4.推动树立以互信、互利、平等和协作为主要内容的新安全观foster a new thinking on security featuring mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality and coordination5.主张形成以尊重多样性为特点的新文明观foster a new thinking on civilization that respects diversity6.新能源观new thinking on energy development有关先进文化的词汇1.古为今用、洋为中用旧译let the ancient serve the present, let the foreign serve the national现译draw from past and foreign achievements2.文艺工作cultural and art work; work in the cultural field3.牢牢把握先进文化的前进方向firmly keep to the direction of an advanced culture/cultural advancement4.文化与经济和政治互相交融interaction between cultural work, and economic and political activities cultural elements/factors intermingle with economic and political factors5.民族的科学的大众的社会主义文化 a socialist culture that is distinctly Chinese,pro-science and people-oriented6.弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化promote mainstream values and uphold cultural diversity7.以科学的理论武装人，以正确的舆论引导人，以崇高的精神塑造人，以优秀的作品鼓舞人Equip/empower people with scientific theories, guide them with correct opinions/ convey to them right messages/provide them with correct media guidance, imbue them with a noble spirit and inspire them with excellent/fine works8.具有中国气派的社会主义文化Chinese-style socialist culture; Socialist culture withChinese appeal9.越是民族的，越是世界的The pride of a nation is also the pride of the world. What’sunique for a nation is also precious for the world. When you are unique, the world comes to you.10.文艺应当贴近群众，贴近生活，贴近实际。
Culture and arts should be/keep close to the people, their lives and reality.11.艺术滋润心灵，文化陶冶情操。
Art nurtures the soul and culture cultivates the mind.12.文化是维系中华民族生生不息、蔓延不断的精神纽带。
Culture is the spiritual bond that ensures the continuity of our Chinese nation.13.我们不能割断民族的文化血脉。
We must never sever the cultural vein of our nation.14.树立正确的世界观、人生观和价值观to foster a right/correct outlook/view on the world, life and values15.文化市场，文化贸易cultural market, cultural trade16.始终把社会效益放在首位always put social benefit first17.扶持体现民族特色和国家水准的重大文化项目和艺术院团support major/top-notch cultural projects and art troupes that represent national characteristics and national level稳定地走上了富裕安康的广阔道路move steadily toward prosperity and happiness不断探索和回答什么是社会主义、怎样建设社会主义，建设什么样的党、怎样建设党，实现什么样的发展、怎样发展等重大理论和实际问题constantly seek answers to majortheoretical and practical questions such as what socialism is and how to build it, what kind of party we must build and how to build it, and what kind of development China should achieve and how to achieve it党的基本理论、基本路线、基本纲领、基本经验Party's basic theory, line, program and experience社会主义和马克思主义在中国大地上焕发出勃勃生机Socialism and Marxism have shownvigor and vitality in China.大踏步赶上时代前进潮流catch up with the trend of the times in big strides符合党心民心accord with/echo the aspirations of the Party members and the people尊重人民首创精神respect the people's initiative/pioneering drive/creativity提高全民族文明素质to improve the educational and ethical standards of the whole nation开辟了中国特色社会主义道路blaze a trail of socialism with Chinese characteristics open a path of...形成了中国特色社会主义理论体系theoretical system of Chinese socialism建设富强民主文明和谐的社会主义现代化国家make China a prosperous, strong, democratic, culturally developed and harmonious modern socialist country实践永无止境Practice knows no bound.勇于变革、勇于创新make bold changes and innovations不为任何风险所惧，不被任何干扰所惑fear no risks and never be confused by any interference使中国特色社会主义道路越走越宽广broaden our path of socialism with Chinese characteristics让当代中国马克思主义放射更加灿烂的真理光芒Let the truth of Marxism of contemporary China shine more brilliantly.马克思主义关于发展的世界观和方法论的集中体现 a concentrated expression of the Marxist world outlook and methodology with regard to development同……一脉相承in the same line as...立足社会主义初级阶段基本国情fully recognize the basic reality that China is in the primary stage of socialism粗放性增长方式the extensive mode of growth/inefficient model of growth改革攻坚further reform in difficult areas统筹兼顾各方面利益accommodate the interests of all parties农业基础薄弱的局面尚未改变The foundation of agriculture remains weak思想活动的独立性、选择性、多变性、差异性明显增强become more independent, selective, changeable and diverse in thinking社会结构、社会组织形式、社会利益格局the structure of society, the way society is organized and interests of different social groups/and the mix of social interests发达国家在经济科技上占优势的压力长期存在Pressure caused by the economic and scientific dominance of developed countries will continue for a long time to come从生产力到生产关系、从经济基础到上层建筑都发生了意义深远的重大变化experiencefar-reaching changes in the productive forces and the relations of production, as well as in the economic base and the superstructure人民日益增长的物质文化需要同落后的社会生产之间的矛盾这一社会主要矛盾Chinesesociety's principal problem/challenge is the gap between the ever-growing material and cultural needs of the people and the low level of social production当前我国发展的阶段性特征the salient features of the current stage of development in China妄自菲薄belittle oneself自甘落后be resigned to backwardness脱离实际、急于求成unrealistic pursuit of quick results共同建设、共同享有的原则the principle of all the people building a harmonious ...and enjoy its benefits着力解决人民最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题spare no effort to solve most practical problems of the utmost and immediate concern to the people形成全体人民各尽其能、各得其所而又和谐相处的局面cultivate/foster an environment inwhich all people do their best, are content with their lives/enjoy what they do and live together in harmony提高改革决策的科学性，增强改革措施的协调性make decision-making more scientific and measures of reform better coordinated全面提高开放水平improve the work of opening-up把改善人民生活作为正确处理改革发展稳定关系的结合点We need to improve...as we endeavor to balance...全面把握科学发展观的科学内涵和精神实质fully appreciate/understand the essence of theScientific Outlook on Development把全社会的发展积极性引导到科学发展上来guide the whole society in pursuing development in a scientific way把握经济社会发展趋势和规律follow the trend and the law of economic and social development坚持中国特色社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设、社会建设的基本目标和基本政策构成的基本纲领uphold the basic program consisting of the basic objectives and policies foreconomic, political, cultural and social progress under socialism with Chinese characteristics区域协调互动发展机制a mechanism for promoting balanced and interactive developmentamong regions主体功能区development priority zones法治政府建设enhance law-based government administration社会主义核心价值体系深入人心Core socialist values are winning the hearts and minds ofthe people.弘扬良好思想道德风尚promote moral integrity建设生态文明promote a conservation culture生态文明观念在全社会牢固树立To foster public awareness of conservation culture具有更高文明素质和精神追求Raise ethical standards and have higher/lofty aspiration对外更加开放、更加具有亲和力be more open and friendly to the outside world为全面建成惠及十几亿人口的更高水平的小康社会打下更加牢固的基础Strengthen thefoundation for building a well-off society of a higher level in all respects to the benefit of over one billion people建设创新型国家make China an innovative nation国家中长期科学和技术发展规划纲要Outline of the National Program for Long- andMedium-Term Scientific and Technological Development突破制约经济社会发展的关键技术make breakthroughs in key technologies vital to China's economic and social development支持前沿技术研究、社会公益性技术研究support research in frontier technology and in technology for public welfare建立以企业为主体、市场为导向、产学研相结合的技术创新体系establish a market-orientedsystem for technological innovation, in which enterprises play the leading role and which combines the efforts of enterprises, universities and research institutes引导和支持创新要素向企业集聚guide and support the pooling of factors of innovation into enterprises科技成果产业化the application of scientific and technological achievements in production培养造就世界一流科学家和科技领军人才train / bring up world-class scientists and leaders in scientific and technological research使创新智慧竞相迸发、创新人才大量涌现inspire creativity and bring forth large numbers of innovative personnel推进信息化与工业化融合promote IT-based industrialization具有国际竞争力的大企业集团internationally competitive conglomerates一、政治类：1. 日益昌盛become increasingly prosperous2. 快速发展develop rapidly3. 隆重集会gather ceremoniously4. 热爱和平love peace5. 追求进步pursue progress6. 履行权利和义务perform the responsibilities and obligations7. 回顾奋斗历程review the course of struggle8. 展望伟大征程look into the great journey9. 充满信心和力量be filled with confidence and strength10. 必胜be bound to win11. 主张各国政府采取行动urge governments of all countries to take action12. 和平共处coexist peacefully13. 对内开放和对外开放open up both externally and internally14. 经历两个不同时期experience two different periods15. 战胜无数的困难overcome numerous difficulties16. 赢得一个又一个胜利win one victory after another17. 完全意识到be fully aware that18. 迈出重要的一步make an important step19. 采取各种措施adopt various measures20. 得出结论,告一段落draw ( arrive at, come to reach ) a conclusion21. 实现民族独立realize national independence22. 追求真理seek the truth23. 建立社会主义制度establish a socialist system24. 根除(防止,消除)腐败root out (prevent, eliminate) corruption25. 响应号召respond to the call26. 进入新时期enter a new period27. 实行新政策practice new policies28. 展现生机和活力display one’s vigor and vitality29. 增强综合国力enhance comprehensive(overall) national strength and和国际竟争力international competitiveness30. 进入世界先进行列edge into the advanced ranks in the world31. 解决温饱问题solve the problem of food and clothing32. 吸收各国文明的先进成果absorb what is advanced in other civilizations33. 与日俱增increase every day34. 实现夙愿fulfill the long-cherished wishes35. 必将实现be bound to come true36. 锻造一支人民军队forge a people’s army37. 建立巩固的国防build a strong national defense38. 进行和谈hold peace talks39. 修改法律amend the laws40. 在．．．中起（至关）重要的作用play a major (crucial, an important ) role in41. 对．．．做出重要(巨大)贡献make important (great, major )contributions to42. 遵循规则follow the principles43. 把理论和实际结合起来integrate theory with practice …44. 把．．．作为指导take… as the guide45. 缓和紧张状况ease the tension46. 高举伟大旗帜hold high the great banner47. 解决新问题resolve new problems48. 观察当今世界observe the present-day world49. 开拓前进open up new ways forward50. 增强凝聚力enhance the rally power51. 结束暴力，开始和平谈判end the violence and resume peace talks52. 进行战略性调整make strategic readjustment53. 开始生效go into effect / enter into force54. 就．．．接受妥协accept a compromise on55. 接受．．．的采访be interviewed by56. 把……看成社会公敌look upon … as a threat to society57. 把……捐给慈善机构donate …to charities58. 维护世界和平maintain world peace59. 摆脱贫穷落后get rid of poverty and backwardness60. 实现发展繁荣bring about development and prosperity61. 反对各种形式的恐怖主义be opposed to all forms of terrorism62. 宣布。