牛津译林版高中英语单词精析系列(模块8单元1)
Module 8 Unit 1 The Written Word
1.classic ①adj.经典的/典型的(≈typical)：a classic book；the classic symtoms of a cold ②adj.
古典的(≈classical)：★classic/classical literature；★classic music (×)→classical music (√) ③n./c/ 经典作品/古典作品/古典文学家/古典艺术家→classical adj.古典的
2.antique ①adj.古时的/古式的②n./c/古董≈curiosity n.①/u/好奇心/求知欲②/c/古玩→★
curious adj.①好奇的：be curious about sth；be curious to do sth；be curious wh-clause ②奇怪的：It’s curious/strange that-clause
3.literature n./u/文学；culture n.文化；civilisation n.文明→literary adj.：literary works文学作
品；literary review文学评论
4.★receive vt.①接到/收到≠accept接受②受到/接受：receive one’s thanks；receive a good
education；receive a warm welcome；receive (a) punishment ③接纳/承认/同意：be well received④迎接/招待：be warmly received ⑤容纳/承受；收听/收看
5.★be well received；be well loved；be well(-)known；be well(-)prepared；be well worth doing
6.(un)wise adj.：It’s (un)wise of sb to do sth →wisdom n./u/：a man of wisdom智者
7.gather dust；Dust gathered/accumulated on the desk..→dusty/dustbin →dirt/dirty
8.★release ①vt.(束缚中)解放/解脱/释放；免除/解除(义务)：release sb/sth from sth/sw eg. He
released the bird from the cage. He was released from prison. ②vt.放出/解开/松开/发射/投掷：release the rope/brake ③发行/放映/发表(唱片/电影/书等) ④n./u/意思同①②③
9.★adopt vt.①收养/领养②采纳/采用→adjust①vt.调整/调节/校正(A来配合B)：adjust A (to B)
②vt/vi. (使)适应：adjust (onesefl) to →adapt①vt.改造/修改/改编/改写(为…用)：adapt A (for B)
②vt/vi.(使)适应/适合：adapt (A/oneself) to B →adaptation n.①/u/适应/适合②/u/改造/改编
③/c/改编/改写的作品：an adaptation of a novel for television
10.★work ①n./u/工作/劳动：hard work ②n.(用pl./单复数同形)作品/著作：the complete/selected
works of Lu Xun全集/选集③n.工厂(用pl./单复数同形)：a gas works →at work；go to work；
in work/out of work 有工作/失业④vi.工作/上班：work hard；work on/at/in/for…⑤vt/vi.(使)运转/运作≈operate/function ⑥vi.进行顺利/起作用⑦vt.经营/解决→work on；work out
11.chapter n.章节回≈section n.章节/段落；地区/区域/部分；Paragraph 1=the first paragraph
12.★harm ①n./vt.伤害/损害：I meant no harm.；There is no harm in calling him.；do harm
to…=do … hram ②n.邪恶/恶行≈vice/crime →be harmful/harmless to…
13.★simple adj.①简单/易懂的②朴素/简朴的③纯真/单纯的④坦率/率直的⑤愚蠢/迟钝的
⑥完全/纯粹的→simply adv.①单单/仅仅/只=only eg. He studies so many foreign langauges
simply for pleasure. ②简单/易懂地③朴素/质朴地④完全/绝对eg. I simply can’t accept your apology. →simplify vt /simplification n.简化→live a simple life=live simply
14.★uncertain adj.①不确实的/不确信的：be uncertain of/about…；be uncertain wh- ②易变的/
不可靠的：uncertain weather；a woman with an uncertain temper →uncertainty n.①/u/不确定/不确信/不稳定/易变：★There be (some) uncertainty about…；the uncertainty of the weather ②/c/不确定/不稳定的事物(常用pl.)：the uncertainties of life 人生无常
15.tense ①n.时态②v.(使)绷紧/拉紧③adj.(神经/感情/绳索/肌肉等)紧张的/拉紧的/绷紧的→
tension n.①/u/(绳/精神上等的)紧张/拉紧②/u/c/紧张的状态/局势：racial tensions；
international tension；★the tension between…and…
16.twist ①n./c/u/扭转/弯曲：a twist in the plot情节的曲折②vt/vi缠绕/弯曲/旋转/曲解/转身/折
行：twist…into a rope搓成绳子；twist/wrap A around/round B把A缠绕在B上；twist one’s arm 反扭手臂
17.generous adj.慷慨/豁达的：be generous to sb/with money；It’s generous of sb to do sth →
generosity(无u) n.：show generosity to sb →be mean with money吝啬/小气；It be mean of sb to do sth卑鄙/刻薄
18.★fortune n.①/u/运气/幸运/命运：by good/bad fortune幸好/不幸；have fortune to do sth；seek
/try one’s fortune找出路/碰运气②n./c/u/财富/巨款：make a fortune →(un)fortunate/ (un)fortunately：be (un)fortunate in (doing) sth；be (un)fortuante to do sth；It’s (un)fortuante that-clause →luck/ (un)lucky/ (un)luckily →misfortune ①恶运/不幸：by misfortune；
bear/endure misfortune忍受不幸；suffer misfortune遭受不幸；have the misfortune to do sth ②/c/不幸的事/灾难：Misfortunes never come singly. 祸不单行
19.finance n/v.财政/金融/融资→financial adj.：financial ability财力；financial troubles/difficulties
财政困难；financial worries财政困扰→financier n.资本家/财政家/金融业者/财务官
20.abrupt adj.①突然/猝然/意外的(≈sudden)：an abrupt change in the weather；an abrupt death猝
死/暴毙；The car made an abrupt turn/stop. 急转弯/急停②粗鲁的/生硬的(=rude)：in an abrupt manner ③陡峭的(=steep)：an abrupt slope陡坡
21.constant adj.①固定/不变的：a constant temperature恒温；drive at a constant speed稳速驾车②
持续的/不断地：a constant pain；the constant noise of traffic →constantly adv.不断/反复/经常地：She is constantly changing her mind.
22.★remind sb of/about sth；remind sb to do sth；remind sb that-clause提醒/使人想起→reminder
n./c/(有提醒作用的)人/物提示：a reminder of sth / that-clause（同位语从句）
23.shabby adj.①破旧/破烂的②卑鄙/可耻的③邋遢/褴褛的④低劣/蹩脚的；shortcoming n./c/
→advantage/disadvantage；shallow adj.①浅的②肤浅的③浅薄的：It’s shallow of sb to do sth 24.★prejudice ①成见/偏见：free from prejudice没有偏见；racial/sexual prejudice种族/性别偏
见；have (a…) prejudice against…；②vt.：prejudice A against B使A对B产生偏见→prejudiced adj.：be prejudiced against…；a prejudiced attitude有偏见的态度
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d85847417.html,pany →companion n./c/伴侣/伙伴≈partner/mate/fellow/accompanier
26.rigid adj.①坚硬的/僵硬的②顽固的/死板的/刚愎的/严格的：He is very rigid in his opinions.
27.civil adj.①有教养的/礼貌的(≈polite)：a civil gentleman ②国内的：civil affairs/war ③市民/
国民/公民的：civil duties/rights/servant ④民事的(criminal刑事的)：civil case/law
28.bend (bent/bent)①vt/vi.(使)弯曲②vi.弯腰/屈身：bend down ③vt/vi.(使)屈服于/顺从于：bend
(A/oneself) to B：He tried to bend his daughter to his wishes. We’ll never bend to the will of anyone. ④(视线/脚步等)朝向/(心等)专注：bend oneself to…→bent adj.①弯曲的/弯的②专心/专注/决心的：★be bent on doing sth一心想要/决心要≈set one’s mind to do sth
29.theme n.主题/主旨：theme park/song；the theme of…；educate/education/educated
30.wealth n.①/u/财富/财产：a man of wealth；accumulate/acquire wealth 积聚财富/致富②丰富
/大量：a wealth of…大量/许多→wealthy adj.①有钱的②富于…的：be wealthy/rich in…
31.fancy ①n.空想/想象/嗜好②vt.想象/以为/认为/喜欢③adj.装饰的/高档的/花哨的
32.★settle ①vt.决定=decide：settle (to do) sth ②调停/解决/收拾/处理：settle the problem/quarrel
③vt/vi.(使)定居/(使)移民：settle (sb) +介宾/副词④vt/vi.放置/安坐⑤vt/vi.(使)平静/镇定/镇
静→settle (up) with sb和某人付清/结清账款；settle/decide on/upon doing sth决定做某事；
settle/get down to doing sth安心/专心做某事；settle down ①vt/vi.(使人)坐下②vi.定居/安身（+介宾）③vt/vi.(使)平静/安静≈calm/cool down →settlement/settler n.
33.acquaint sb/oneself with…使某人/自己知道/熟悉/通晓/精通…→be/get acquainted with…精通/
相识…→acquaintance n./u/c/ 相识/熟人：★make one’s acquaintance=make the acquaintance of sb；on/upon further acquaintance经过进一步的认识/了解后
34.novel(ist)；(ab)normal；workhouse贫民收容院/orphanage孤儿院(orphan孤儿)
35.master ①n.主人/雇主/大师/硕士②vt.熟练/精通③vt.支配/征服/抑制/驯服：master nature
→be master in one’s own house自己当家作主；be master of…掌握/控制/熟练使用…；be one’s own master独立自主/不受别人控制
36.abuse ①vt/n.滥用/妄用：abuse one’s power/eyes；abuse of privileges特权的滥用②vt/n.虐待：
abuse children；child abuse ③vt/n.辱骂/诋毁
37.crime n.犯罪/不好的行为：commit/do a crime犯罪；confess a crime供认罪行；prevent/wipe out
a crime预防/消除犯罪；a horrible/major/minor crime残暴/重/轻罪；It’s a crime to waste food.
→criminal ①n.罪犯②adj.犯罪的/刑事的：a criminal act/case
https://www.360docs.net/doc/d85847417.html,lionaire/billionaire n.百万/亿万富翁；questionaire问卷调查表
39.★pity ①n.怜悯/同情(≈sympathy)：feel pity for…；have/take pity on…②n.遗憾/懊悔/可惜
的事：It’s/What a pity (that-clause). ③vt.怜悯/同情：pity sb
40.reform ①vt.改善/改革/改良：reform a system ②vt/vi.(使人)悔改/改过：reform (sb/oneself) eg.
It’s more important to reform criminals than (to) punish them. He has completely reformed (himself) and is working hard now. ③n.改善/改革：the reform of social/educational system 41.pressure ①n.压/按/挤/榨/压迫：(high/low) blood pressure；I feet the pressure of his hand on my
shoulder. ②n.气压/(精神/社会)压力/苦恼：financial/mental pressure ③vt.施压/压迫/强迫(≈force)：★pressure/force sb to do sth / into doing sth；pressure sb with sth →at high/low pressure 紧张地/悠闲地；★under pressure；under the pressure of…(在…)逼迫下/(因…而)迫不得已/(在…)压力下；put/bring pressure on/upon sb (to do sth) 对某人施加压力(去做某事)
42.★threat ①n.威胁/恫吓：under threat of punishment ②威胁者/危险的人物：a threat/danger to
sb/sth →threaten v.威胁/恐吓/恫吓：threaten sth；threaten to do sth；threaten sb with sth
43.violence ①n./u/剧烈/猛烈/激烈：with violence=violently剧烈地②n./u/暴力/暴行：do violence
to 对…施暴/伤害/歪曲→violent adj.①剧烈地/猛烈的/厉害的：a violent storm/hit ②暴戾的44.resist①vt/vi.抵抗/反抗/抗拒：resist sb/(doing) sth ②抗/耐(寒/锈/腐蚀等) ③忍耐/忍住(诱惑
等)：★can’t/couldn’t resist doing sth=can’t/couldn’t help doing sth eg. She can’t resist eating sweets. →resistance n.→resistant adj.(有)抵抗力的：★be resistant to… eg. The seed is resistant to cold weather.
45.kick n/vt/vi.踢：kick the door open；kick (at) the ball；give the ball/man a good kick；penalty
kick(PK) 罚点球/单挑
46.pale adj.①苍白无力的/灰白的：a pale face；turn pale with fear/at the news ②淡的(=light)/暗
淡的(=dim)：pale blue；a pale moon
47.spin (spun/spun/spinning) n./vt/vi.(使)旋转；swiftly≈rapidly迅速地；stout≈fat/strong壮实的
48.attach a stamp to the envelope；mud n./u/泥/泥泞→muddy adj.
49.★talent n.①/c/u/才能/天赋：have a talent/gift for…②/c/人才/天才→talented adj.；ability/able；
intelligence/intelligent；gift/gifted；genius n.天才
50.sigh ①vt/vi.叹气②vi.叹息/惋惜/怀念：sigh for… eg. The old actress sighed for her lost youth.
③n./c/叹息：★give/draw/ let out a sigh (of relief)
51.sight n/v.视力/视野/看见/风景名胜(sights)：have good/poor (eye)sight；near/far/short/long sight；
lose one’s sight；★at first sight(注意：sight前面无the)；at sight一见就；★at (the) sight of…
一看见…；catch sight of…看见/发现…；lose sight of…看不见/失去音讯/忽略/忘记；(come) in sight进入视线/可见；(go) out of sight看不见/从视线中消失
52.sorrow=unhappiness=sadness；anger n.愤怒/生气→angry/angrily：be angry with/at sb；be angry
about/at sth；be angry to do sth；be angry that-clause
53.gentle→gently→gentleman温柔/轻柔；morden-day adj.=modern/contemporary
54.an ugly face；greed n./u/贪心/贪婪：one’s greed for money→greedy adj.贪婪渴望的/贪吃的：
be greedy for sth；be greedy to do sth →greedily adv.
55.stepfather/mother/parent继父母；stepbrother/sister同母异父/同父异母的兄弟姐妹；
stepson/daughter 配偶与前妻/前夫所生的子女
56.gravity n.①重力②严重性：the gravity of…→serious/severe adj.严重的；sugar→sugary
57.mistake ①n./c/：make a mistake；by mistake ②v弄错/-took/-taken/：mistake A for B→mistaken
adj.①错误的：a mistaken idea/plan ②误解的/误会的/弄错的：be mistaken about…/in doing sth eg. You are mistaken about him. You’re mistaken in thinking that they will help you.
58.★shade ①n./u/树阴/荫：in the shade；in a/an … shade ②色调/颜色的明暗浓淡深浅：in shades
of grey →shadow n.①阴处/荫：in the shadows ②影子/影像③幻象/幻影④阴影/阴暗
59.scarf →(pl.)scarves；poem/poet/poetry/poetic；five-star hotel/general五星级宾馆/将军
60.★entertain ①vt.款待/招待：entertain sb to餐/with sth→treat sb/oneself to sth ②vt.使快乐/使
感兴趣：entertain sb with sth →entertainment n. →entertaining adj.快乐/有趣的
61.★in/at the beginning (of…) (在…的)起初/开端时；from the beginning从一开始；from
beginning to end从头至尾/由始至终≈throughtout adv.
62.rate ①n.比例/速度/费用：at…rate (of…)；birth/divorce/dicount rate 出生率/离婚率/折扣率；
the rate of interest/exchange利率/汇率；②n.等级=class：a third-rate hotel三流宾馆③vt/vi.
评价/估计/视为/估价≈value/evaluate →rating n.等级/评级/评价/估计/评分：give sth a five-star rating
63.supreme adj.①(权力/地位等)最高/最高位的：supreme glory最大荣耀；the supreme commander
最高统帅/指挥官②(品质/程度等)最大的/最上的/无上的/至上的/最重要的：supreme happiness至上的幸福；the supreme sacrifice最大牺牲；the Suprme Being上帝
64.typical adj.①典型的/代表性的≈representative：a typical Englishman/example ②(…所)特有的
/独特的/表现(…的)特征的：one’s typical way of speaking；That answer is typical of him. →★
be typical of…是…的典型/特征；It’s typical of sb to do sth做某事是某人的特征
65.reputation n./u/名声/信誉≈fame/distinction：★have/acquire/establish/gain a reputation
for/as/to/of…；live up to one’s reputation不负盛名
66.charming adj.≈attractive/inviting/fascinating；holy water圣水；live/lead a holy life神圣/圣洁
的；transform vt.改变(外观/性质/机能等)：★transform A into/to B
67.debt n.①借款/负债：pay a debt of SM；pay off one’s debt还清②恩义/情义→★(be) in debt
(to sb)欠(…的)债/欠(…的)人情/受(…的)恩惠
68.fair adj.①公正的/公平的：be fair to/with…②尚可的/还好的③晴朗的④白肤金发的：fair
play公平比赛；fair trade互惠贸易；a fair judegment/decision；⑤n.集市/展会
69.overnight adv.一夜之间/突然≈suddenly/all of a sudden；fortnight=two weeks两周
70.rural adj.乡下的/农村的/田园的：a rural area；rural scenery田园风光→suburb n.郊区/suburban
adj.郊区的/郊外的→urban adj.城市的/都市的：urban population/life/problems
71.constitution n.①/c/宪法②/u/构成/构造≈structure ③/u/c/体质/体格：have a strong/weak
institution →constitute vt.构成：be constitued of=be made up of=consist of=be composed of
72.short→shorten；threat/threaten；strength/strengthen加强/变强；length/lengthen加长/延长
73.★mourn (for) sb/sth为…默哀；widow≠window；a bronze statue；the Statue of Liberty自由
女神像；monument(≈memorial) n.纪念碑/塔/馆：★build/put up/set up a monument to sb
74.publicly=in public；romance n.→romantic adj.：a romantic novel
75.★exhibit ①vt.展示/陈列/展览≈show/display：②n./c/展品→exhibition n.展览会：on
exhibition=on show=on display；give/have an exhibition；a/an art/trade/international exhibition 76.tend ①vi.倾向(于…)/有(…的)趋势：★tend to do sth易于…；tend to/toward sth倾向于…：eg.
He tends to get angry when others disagree with him. He tends to/toward pop music of all sorts of music. ②vi.朝向/往(…的)方向：tend+介宾/副词③vt.服侍/看护/照料/看管/护理(病人/伤口/动植物等) →tendency n.倾向/趋势≈trend
77.emotion=strong feeling →emotional adj.；Scots=Scottish adj.苏格兰的→Scotland n.苏格兰
78.★stress ①n./u/c/(物理上/精神上/状况上)压力/紧张：under great stress；under the stress of…
②n./u/强调/重视：lay/put stress on/upon… eg. Some schools lay/put stress on foreign language
education. ③n./u/重音/重读=accent ④vt.强调/重视/极力主张：He stressed the impotance of cooperation. ⑤vt.用重音读…→stress mark重读符号；stressed syllable重读音节
79.format ①n.格式/形式≈form：in…format ②vt.(电脑术语)格式化：format the disc→fomation
n.形成/组成/形态/结构/编队/队形/阵势≈structue/constitution：fly in formation编队飞行
80.ballad≈folk music民谣/歌谣；imagine one’s/sb doing sth →imagination/imagery n./u/意象
81.★compare A to B；compare A with B；compared with/to…；compare with…比得上/媲美…→
comparative/comparatively→comparison n.比较/对照/比喻：make a comparison with…/betweem…and…；beyond/without comparison无与伦比/无可比拟；in/by comparison with…与…相比较/较之于…
82.★farewell≈goodbye再见/再会①int.：Farewell to arms!=Farewell, arms!永别了，武器！(海明
威名著) ②n./u/c/：say farewell/goodbye to sb；a farewell party欢送会
牛津译林版高中英语必修一模块一
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 盐城市龙冈中学牛津高中英语模块一测试题 命题人：程永华 第一卷(选择题，共75分) I.听力（共两节，满分20分） 第一节（共5小题；满分5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1.How much is the skirt? A.$19.15. B.$9.15. C.$9.50 2.What are the two speakers doing? A.They are having a rest. B.They want to have dinner. C.They are hiking on a hill. 3.What does the man mean? A.He doesn't like Chinese food. B.He doesn't want to eat out. C.He wants to pay for the meal. 4.What did the man do yesterday evening? A.He had dinner with his friend. B.He visited a friend. C.He saw a film. 5.When does Mr Brown have to be at the airport? A.At 8:30. B.At 9:30. C.At 10:30. 第二节（共15小题，满分15分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至8题。 6.What kind of color TV does the woman want to buy? A.A small one. B.A big one. C.A cheap one. 7.What's the man's opinion about buying a TV? A.The woman should buy a small one. B.The woman should buy a big one. C.The woman should buy a cheap one. 8.Why does the man give the woman such a suggestion? A.Because the big one is too expensive. B.Because she will have to change it in a few years. C.Because her sitting room isn't very big. 听第7段材料，回答第9至11题。 9.Where is the boy going to spend his holiday? A.In the city. B.In his hometown. C.Abroad. 10.What will he do there? A.Do some farm work. B.Study at home. C.Do some housework. 11.Which of the following is TRUE? A.The girl knows how to farm. B.The boy's grandparents don't live in the city. C.The boy's school is in the country. 听第8段材料，回答第12至14题。 12.What are the man and the woman looking for? A.A comfortable hotel. B.A modern hotel. C.A cheap hotel. 13.Where could the man and the woman find the hotel they need? A.Next to the bank. B.A two minutes' drive to the west. C.On the left side of the street.
牛津高中英语模块八-语言点讲解
如皋中学高二英语第八模块第一单元语言点（教师） Unit one The written world Welcome to the unit 1. If you were asked to recommend a book to a friend, what book would you choose? (P ) ① The doctor recommended that I _stay_ (stay) a few more days in hospital. ② It is suggested that a lawyer _be sent for_ (send for) immediately. ③ 你能推荐一些有关这个学科的新书给我吗？ Can you recommend me some new books on the subject? ④ 医生劝病人接受他的忠告。 The doctor recommended the patient to take his advice. 2. Do you think that e-books will ever replace books in print? (P ) ① 所有的书都必须放回到书架上。 All the books must be replaced on the shelves. ② 我用新轮胎换了旧轮胎。 I replaced the old tyres with new ones. ③ 他失去了家庭，这一损失是无法弥补的。 Nothing can take the place of the family he had lost. Welcome to the unit 短语归纳： listen to music for entertainment in their spare time recommend a book to your friend in print Reading: Appreciating literature 1. … the language used in them is quite different from the language used today. (line 6-7) 它们当中所运用的语言与现在人们所运用的语言大不相同。 [句法分析] 本句为简单句，used in them 为过去分词短语作定语 过去分词短语作定语：单个的过去分词通常作前置定语，而分词短语作定语常后置，相当于一个定语从句。 He is an advanced teacher. 他是个先进老师。 The play performed by the students was a great success. = The play which was performed by the students was a great success. 由学生们表演的那个戏剧获得了巨大成功。 ① 你读过狄更斯写的小说吗？(在谓语动词所表示动作之前发生) Have you read the novels written by Dickens? ② 他是一个被所有人爱戴的人。(没有时间性，只表示被动) He is a man loved and respected by all. ③ 听！正在演唱的这首歌很受学生的欢迎。 Listen! The song being sung is very popular with the students. ④ 将在明天会议上讨论的问题非常重要。 The question to be discussed at tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one. 2. Many people do not read them because they think they are old-fashioned and boring, and have nothing to do with life today. (line 8-10) 许多人不读这些书，因为他们认为这些书已经过时了，让人厌烦，并且和现实生活没有联系。 [句法分析] 本句为复合句，because 引导原因状语从句。 ★ old-fashioned 复合形容词的构成： 形容词词干 + 名词-ed middle-aged 中年的 cold-blooded 冷血的 形容词词干 + 形容词词干 red-hot 炽热的 dark-blue 深蓝色的
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牛津高中英语模块十单词表 Unit1 1.short-term短期的，近期的adj. 2.long-term长期的，长远的adj. 3.rainfall降雨；降雨量n. 4.Ethiopia埃塞俄比亚n. 5.gravity严重性；重力，地球吸引力 n. 6.headline（新闻报道的）大标题n. 7.make the headlines成为重要新闻 8.put pressure on somebody（to do something）促使，迫使 9.politician从政者，政客n. 10.statesman政治家n. 11.wrestle努力对付或解决；摔跤 vi.vt. 12.dilemma（进退两难的）窘境，困境 n. 13.agency（政府的）专门机构；服务机 构 14.pregnant怀孕的adj. 15.beyond超出（……之外）；非……所 能及；在（或向）……的那一边prep. 16.beyond doubt毫无疑问 17.at a crossroads处于关键时刻 18.loaf一条（面包） 19.permanent永久的，长久的adj. 20.infrastructure基础建设，基础设施 n. 21.irrigation灌溉n. 22.framework（体系的）结构，机制；构 架，框架n. 23.enterprise经济活动；企业n. 24.housewife家庭主妇n. 25.Nigeria尼日利亚n. 26.problem-solving解决问题n. 27.work of art艺术品n. 28.conventional传统的，常规的，依照 惯例的adj. 29.water buffalo水牛n. 30.OX牛；去势的公牛n. 31.tractor拖拉机n. 32.dam水坝，堤坝n. 33.expense费用，开销n. 34.repay偿还；报答vt. 35.repayment偿还债务；分期偿还额n. 36.catch up on补上，补做 37.weaken削弱，减弱 38.moreover此外，而且 39.squeeze拮据，经济困难；挤压 n. 挤压；挤出，挤入 vt. 40.fascinating很有趣的；极有吸引力 的adj. 41.fashion时装业；时尚；流行款式n. 42.fashionable时尚的，流行的adj. 43.basement地下室n. 44.creativity创造力n. 45.catering餐饮服务，酒席承办n. 46.alarm bell警钟n. 47.adjustment调整，调节n. 48.sustainable可持续的adj. 49.health care医疗（服务）n. 50.housing（统称）住房，住宅n. 51.put something into practice实 施，把……付诸实践 52.grandchild（外）孙子，（外）孙女 n. 53.deposit沉积物；存款 n. 使沉积；存钱 vt. 54.oilfield油田n. 55.on top of除……之外；在……上 面（方） 56.push for something迫切要求，反 复争取 57.solar太阳能的；太阳的adj. 58.solar energy太阳能n. 59.hydroelectricity水电n. 60.flour面粉n. 61.tentative暂定的，不确定的；踌躇 的，犹豫不定的adj. 62.Costa Rica哥斯达黎加n. 63.hopefully可望，有望；抱有希望地 adv. 64.systematic蓄意的；系统的；成体系 的adj. Unit2 65.edition（报刊的）一期；版本
牛津高中英语模块九词汇表
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高三M10课文翻译 江苏版译林牛津高中英语模块十
M10U1 Reading 授人以鱼 1985年，埃塞俄比亚几乎没有降雨，这导致收成损毁，牛蓄死亡。这场灾难的严重性让爱尔兰音乐家鲍勃- 格尔多夫震惊，他组织了一场名为“现场援助”的慈善音乐会，为埃塞俄比亚饥荒受难者募集资金。1985年7月13日，音乐会在伦敦和费城两地举行，出席者包括了当时最红的巨星。格尔多夫想通过音乐会为饥荒筹钱，并提高公众对饥荒的意识。最后，筹集到了一亿美元，这些钱作为食品援助和饥荒救济基金发放出去。音乐会还受到了全世界的极大关注，这给政客们施加了巨大压力，迫使他们为这次饥荒做一些事情。 埃塞俄比亚饥荒是在1985年，但对许多发展中国家的人来说，疾病和贫困仍是严重的问题。例如，疟疾通过蚊子传播，每年都导致超过一百万的儿童的死亡。除此以外，根据联合国的资料，饥饿和营养不良每年夺走一千万人的生命。事实上，饥饿是全球头号健康威胁，致死的人比任何疾病都要多。 为了抗击世界各地的饥荒，联合国于1963年成立了世界粮食计划署（WFP）。世界粮食计划署已经组织了若干项目，包括：挽救生命粮食计划——该计划为处于危机时刻的国家送去紧急粮食援助；健康成为粮食计划——它主要以身处危险中的人作为目标，例如婴儿、孕妇和老年人，并教导他们有关营养的知识；帮助失业的人们维持生计的以工贷赈计划——通过给他们工作，用事物援助支付他们的工资。通过这样的计划，世界粮食计划署从其建立起，已经帮助了十亿多人。勿须置疑，这是惊人的成就，但是这就足够了吗？ 今天，非洲、亚洲和南美洲的一些发展中国家正处于关键时刻。当前，它们正在发展，但同样地，它们可能更远远地落后于发达国家。它们需要帮助，但不幸的事实是仅有食物援助对帮助这些国家是不够的。那仅仅是一个长期问题的短期解决办法。有句俗语是这样说的：“授人以鱼，三餐之需；授人以渔，终生之用。”如果发展中国家从进口粮食过渡到生产粮食，它们就是得到“渔”而不是“鱼”了。 发展中国家真正需要做的就是通过与贫困的根源做斗争来消灭贫困。这样做的方法之一就是改善一国的基础设施。一国的基础设施就是让一切平稳运作的设施，包括交通、灌溉、电力、邮政服务、电话和学校等。这些事业如果发展起来，就会为人们创造就业机会，使得他们可以帮助自己而不用依赖他人。很显然，发展援助和食品援助结合起来才是贫困问题的长期解决办法。 需要记住的另一件重要事情就是发展中国家的未来存在于孩子们的手中。这就是为什么年轻人的教育和培养如此重要。有很多这样的成功例子，比如在阿富汗，男性一般是养家糊口的主力，然而家庭主妇和寡妇们现在也开始学习缝制衣服，这些衣服可以出售，也可以供自己家庭穿。在尼日利亚东部，年轻人接受培训，学习使用电脑技术来发展他们的解决问题和沟通的技能。在南非，一项社区计划为失业的人和无家可归的人提供培训和资源，让他们用金属丝制作艺术品向游客出售。尽管这有一点点不同于传统的商业，但它的产量迅速增长，许多人很成功。 在各处的发展中国家有数以百计的这样的故事，表明人们正在做许多事情与贫困作斗争，但我们不能佯称斗争已经结束；贫困仍然在致人死亡。但是，这些小小的胜利是通向更美好未来的良好开端。它们是授人以渔的成果，让一个人可以一生填饱肚子。M10U1 Project 给未来的礼物 据信，在未来的数十年中，世界人口将增长到大约九十亿。这应该给人们敲响了警钟，因为一个简单明了的事实是，为了让每一个人生存，在全球发展方面必须有重大的改变。这一发展应不同于过去的发展，过去的发展污染环境且浪费自然资源。 对于现在讨论的这个问题，一种可能的解决办法就是可持续发展。可持续发展是长期规划，关注环境和保护自然资源。它完全是为每一个人创造更好的保健、教育、住房和改良的生活标准。这是一个简单的想法，不过也是一个难于付诸实践的理念。然而，这是我们必须要做的，因为没有可持续发展，我们的未来和我们的子孙的生命将处于危险之中。 在我们的现代生活中，我们做的几乎每一件事都要用到地球的自然资源。这些自然资源为做许多重要的事件提供能量：洗澡、烧开水、为电器供电以及将石油炼成汽油。这一列表几乎是无穷无尽的。为了能做所有这些事情，我们主要依靠矿物燃料，如煤、天然气和石油来产生能量。 矿物燃料在地下找到，是不可再生的能源，这意味着在短期内它们不能被重复利用。我们现在消耗矿物燃料的速度要远远超出生产这些燃料的速度。如果继续这样，一些人相信在可预见的未来内油田和煤层将会枯竭。 此外，燃烧矿物燃料产生二氧化碳，而二氧化碳就像是环境的毒药。二氧化碳是造成空气、水和土壤污染的原因之一，引起全球变暖和酸雨产生。这就是许多人正在强烈要求使用替代能源的原因。 替代能源是可再生的，这就意味着它们不会耗尽。一些可再生的能源例如有太阳能、风能和水电。当人们变得更加关注保护环境时，此类能源正变得日益受欢迎。 太阳能用太阳来提供热、光、热水和电。收集太阳能的最普通的方法就是通过使用一个包括镜子、管子和发电机或储能槽的复杂系统。太阳照射镜子上，加热镜子以及镜子下面的管子。管子里有油或者水，被加热后被送到储能槽里储存到需要时，亦或被用来加热发电机里的水。 过去，风车被用来抽水和磨面粉。今天，被称为风涡轮的各类风车被用来发电。风涡轮被安装在地面以上至少30米的地方，在那里风力很大。 在所有的可再生能源中，水电是最古老的，也是最普遍使用的。水电依靠水流动的力来发电，因此水电站必须建在水源上。技术的发展允许我们存储和输送水电，因此不住在水电站附近的人们也可以使用它。 在世界的许多地方，人们正采取初步措施，来引入此类可再生能源。这是因为替换作为能源的矿物燃料对许多发展中国家来说非常昂贵。不过，在一些发展中国家，人们被教授如何使用可再生能源。例如，尼日利亚的一些人接受训练，成为太阳能发电机的操作者；在哥斯达黎加，人们正在用水电为他们的小村庄供电。许多社区在使用这些能源以前，没有用过电。类似项目的引进将有希望帮助结束对环境的蓄意破坏，在全世界推广可再生能源。这对我们及我们子孙的未来
译林版高中英语必修一模块一单词
模块一 Unit1 enjoyable adj.有趣的, 愉快的 experience n. 经历, 经验vt. 经历, 体验 assembly n. 集合, 集会, 装配 headmaster n. (中小学的)校长 earn vt. 赚得, 赢得, 生利 respect n. 尊敬, 敬重; 关系, 方面vt. 尊敬, 尊重; 关于, 涉及devote vt. 投入于,献身 literature n. 文学, 文献 average n. 平均数,平均水平 adj. 一般的,通常的,平均的 vt. &vi.平均值，达到平均水平 struggle n. 竞争,努力,奋斗v. 努力,奋斗,挣扎challenging adj.具有挑战性的;引起兴趣的;令人深思的 v.挑战，质疑(challenge的现在分词) encouragement n. 鼓励 cooking adj. 烹饪的 n. 烹饪动词(cook的现在分词) for free adj. 免费 extra adj. 额外的adv. 特别地n. 额外的事物，另外收费的Spanish adj. 西班牙的n. 西班牙语 sculpture n. 雕塑vt. 雕刻,雕塑vi. 当雕刻师 dessert n. 甜食 look back (on) 回忆，回顾 satisfaction n. 赔偿,满意,妥善处理,乐事,确信 surf n. 海浪拍岸,冲浪 vi. 冲浪,浏览vt. 浏览 academic n. 教学人员,学术人adj. 学院的,理论的,学术性的exchange n. 交换,交换物,汇兑,交易所vt. &vi. 交换,交易,兑换former adj. 以前的,在前的, 前任的pron.&n. 前者 n. 模型，样板，构成者，创造者，起形成作用的人，[无线]线圈架 fluent adj. 流利的，流畅的 painting n. 水彩画,油画 donate vt. 捐赠,转移(电子) vi. 捐款
译林牛津版高中英语模块1教案设计全套
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class teacher 班主任at ease with 和….相处不拘束school hours学校作息时间earn respect from 赢得…的尊敬sound like听起来象for free 免费get a general idea 了解大意as well as 除….以外, 也key words 关键词word by word 逐字逐句地find one’s way around 认识路develop an interest in 培养对….的兴趣surf the Internet网上冲浪 【难点讲解】 1.What is your dream school life like? 你理想中的学校生活是什么样子? 这里dream表示心目中最理想的. 如dream team (梦之队)。 2.Going to a British high school for one year was a very enjoyable and exciting experience for me. 去一所英国中学读书一年对我来说是一次令人愉快和兴奋的经历。 Going在本句里作动名词，它和后面的to a British high school for one year构成动名词短语作句子的主语。Go to a British high school本来是个动词词组，在go 后面加上ing 后，它就具备名词的特性可以在句子中充当主语、宾语或表语。 动词的现在分词和过去分词都可以作定语，但所表达的意思不同, 现在分词作定语常表示“令人…”、“正在….”;例如exciting news, sleeping dog; 过去分词则有被动或完成的意思,常表示“感到….的”、“被….的”,例如：an excited crowd of people, broken heart. 3.I was very happy with the school hours in Britain because school starts around 9 a.m. and ends about 3.30 p.m.
高中英语牛津译林版模块十一课文原文unit1
牛津译林版模块十一 Unit 1 Reading So many jobs to choose from！ by Dai Lingling The last year of high school is a time for hard work and also a time to reflect. At this time, you have to start thinking about the future and what you want to do after graduation. In this article, I am going to discuss some of the choices available to you and which jobs are best suited to you: popular jobs, more unusual jobs or everyday jobs. When choosing a career, you should consider all the aspects of a job. Some jobs may seem very dull but are very important to society, while others can appear very exciting but are actually very difficult and boring. One example is the so-called ‘glamorous job’ of being a model or an actor. Would you like to be famous,wear diamonds, go to parties and relax on cushions in private jets or helicopters? In reality, these people have to spend long hours travelling ,with all their baggage packed in suitcases or trunks, and only a very small number of them are successful. Many actors, actresses and models hold ordinary, less glamorous jobs, often working as waiters and waitresses, in order to support themselves. Meanwhile, those who are successful and famous have to deal with constant media attention. They are also under huge pressure to appear young and beautiful. Most actors and models are always on a diet, and many have had painful operations to make their faces and bodies look more attractive. It does not seem that glamorous now, does it? Maybe a career as a local grocer would be a better option. Other popular professions for young people include careers in law or business. Many people have ambitions to become successful as a lawyer or business person, but they do not consider the stress and pressure that come with these jobs. These can be well-paid and interesting jobs, but you also have to work very long hours. Also, sometimes as a boss in the business world, you have to make difficult decisions that hurt people, and lawyers can face tough moral problems. On the other hand, some people find more unusual jobs that are better suited to their talents and interests. A few years ago, when I was walking in the Grand Canyon National Park in the USA, I met a man who had a very unusual job. He was living by a stream in a tent surrounded by technical equipment, and his only neighbors were the birds and squirrels in the nearby trees. His job was to check noise pollution in the park zone. He loved to camp, and his job was like a holiday for him. It was very easy to see that he enjoyed doing his job. There are many other people doing unusual jobs, such as a person who tastes beer at a brewery and probably consumes one litre of beer a week, a person who designs fireworks and a person who tests rides for amusement parks. All these people love their jobs, which might not be popular, but are interesting regardless. In the same way, many ordinary jobs may look plain, but they are necessary to society. As we go through our daily lives, we meet many different kinds of people----shopkeepers, who sell us
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英语单词详解系列[高中译林模块10单元2]十六
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