英语语法：现在分词的句法功能

英语语法：现在分词的句法功能

1、现在分词作表语：

The problem is puzzling.

这个问题令人不解。

The task of this class is practising the idioms.

这节课的任务就是练习习语。

2、现在分词作定语：

当分词单独作定语时，放在所修饰的名词前；如果是分词短语作定语，放在名词后。

The journalist asked an embarrassing question.

记者提了一个令人难堪的问题。

A little child learning to walk often falls.

刚学走路的小孩经常摔跤。

3、现在粉刺作定语补足语：

如下动词后可接现在分词作宾语补足语：see、watch、hear、feel、find、get、keep、notice、observe、listen to、look at、leave、catch等；

Can you hear the woman singing the song outside?

你能听见那个女人在外面唱歌吗？

The boss kept the car waiting at the gate.

老板把车停在了门口。

4、现在分词作状语：

①作时间状语；

Looking out of the window,I saw so many ducks swimming in the pool.

我从窗户望出去，看见许多鸭子在池塘里游泳。（=when I looked out of the window）

Hearing the bad news all people were shocked.

听到这个坏消息，所有的人都震惊了。（=when people heard the bad news）

注意：强调与限定动词的动作同时发生时，现在分词之前，可用连词when或while。

When leaving the airport,they waved again and again to us.

当离开机场的时候，他们不停地向我们挥手。

While flying over the Channel,the pilot saw what he thought to be a meteorite.

当飞跃海峡的时候，那个飞行员以为自己看到了陨星。

②作条件状语；

Time permitting ,I'll drop in on a few of my old friends before I leave.

时间允许的话，离开前我会去拜访几位老朋友。

③作结果状语；

The child fell,striking his head against the door and cutting it.

小孩子摔了一跤，头碰在门上破了。

It rained heavily ,causing severe flooding in that country.

雨下得很大，以至于那个国家发生了很大的洪水。

④作原因状语；

Feeling tired , I telephoned and said I couldn't come to a hospital of Chinese medicine.

我感到很累，于是打电话说我不能去中医院。（=Since I felt tired）Being a Chinese , I am very proud of our country's profound culture.

作为中国人，我为祖国博大精深的文化而自豪。

⑤作让步状语；

Admitting what she has said, I still think that she hasn't tried her best.

虽然接受她所说的，但我仍旧认为她没有尽最大的努力。

⑥作目的状语；

He went swimming the other day.

几天前他去游泳了。

⑦作方式状语，表示伴随。

He came running back to tell us the news.

他跑着回来告诉我们这个消息。

Please fill in the form, giving your name, address,etc.

请填一下表格，写上你的名字、住址等。

⑧作独立成分；

Generally speaking , we now live in a comparatively peaceful and rich world.

总的来说，我们生活在一个相当和平富有的世界。

Judging from what you said, he is a stone-hearted person.

从你说的情况看，他是个铁石心肠的人。