高考英语新虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编附答案解析(4)
高考英语新虚拟语气知识点易错题汇编附答案解析(4)
一、选择题
1．—I’m sorry. I________to your birthday party if……
—Forget it. I know you were in Shanghai on business then.
A．had come B．would have come C．needn’t have come D．came
2．If penicillin available, many people from sickness or even small wounds in World WarⅡ.
A．was not; would die B．were not; would have died
C．had not been; would died D．had not been; would have died
3．This winter vacation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall, but I would rather we
________ to Shanghai Disneyland.
A．go B．had gone
C．would go D．went
4．What do you think of the proposal that improvement ____ in the type of vacuum cleaner? A．be made B．will be made C．would be made D．has to be made 5．I wish I ________ an architect because then I ________ be able to design my own house. A．am, will be B．were, would
C．will be, could D．was, could
6．How I wish I ______ my mouth before I shouted at my mum!
A．shut B．have shut
C．had shut D．would shut
7．I can’t thank you more, Tony. But for your timely warning, I into great trouble yesterday. A．had got B．got C．would have got D．would get 8．What a pity! Considering his ability and experience, he ___________ it better.
A．need have done B．must have done
C．can have done D．might have done
9．They both look as if they ______ ten years younger after a heart-to-heart talk.
A．are B．were C．have been D．had been 10．—How impressive China’s 70th anniversary of National Day parade is!
—Definitely. If only I ________ on the scene!
A．was B．were C．have been D．had been 11．She would n’t have flown off the handle _____the fact that you didn’t intend to hurt her. A．were she to know B．had she known
C．did she know D．should she have known
12．_____, the student insisted that he _____ separated from his desk mate, who is very naughty. A．To avoid being affected; be B．To avoid to be affected; would be C．Avoid being affected; should be D．Avoiding to be affected; be
13．His suggestion that she ________ in his home suggested he ________ very warm-hearted. A．would stay; was B．stayed; be
C．should stay; be D．stay; was
14．They demanded that the right to vote ___________ to every adult.
A．was given B．was giving C．be giving D．be given 15．Don't you think it is time you ______ the plan?It is_______ the managers wanted to
see________ soon.
A．set out discussing; that ;to be carried out
B．should set about discussing; that ; to carry out
C．should set out to discuss ;what; to be carried out
D．set about discussing, what; carried out
16．-Would you ___ first aid to him, had it been possible?
-Yes, but I _____.
A．have offered; had got hurt.B．offer; had got hurt.
C．have offered; got hurt.D．had offered; had got hurt.
17．If it ______ rain tomorrow, I should not drive my car.
A．were to B．will C．would D．is to
18．I wish I ___ able to tell him all about it last night.
A．should be B．were C．had been D．was
19．Mr Smith’s doctor suggested that he ______ and exercise regularly.
A．should eat B．will eat C．can eat D．would eat
20．If God __________everything in the world, the strange creatures in fossils __________so many years before.
A．had created; shouldn’t exist B．had created; couldn’t have existed C．should create; wouldn’t exist D．created; wouldn’t have existed
21．Dr. Hoffman insisted that the weight-loss pills _____ harmful and that they _____. A．were; should not take B．be; are not taken
C．were; not be take n D．are; are not taken
22．Had he taken his parent’s advice, he ______ having made such a silly mistake now. A．would not regret B．would not have regretted
C．may not regret D．does not regret
23．If he____ to the teacher attentively, he____the answer to the problem now.
A．had listened, would have known B．listened, would know
C．listened, would have known D．had listened, would know
24．Experts recommended parents _____their children to play computer games for more than an hour a day.
A．not allow B．do not allow C．mustn’t allow D．couldn’t allow 25．He was very busy yesterday, otherwise he ____ to the meeting.
A．would come B．would have come C．came D．had come
【参考答案】***试卷处理标记，请不要删除
一、选择题
1．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
查虚拟语气。句意：——我很抱歉。如果……，我就来参加你的生日聚会了。——不必在意。我知道你那时在上海出差。考此处表示对过去事实相反的假设， if后面省了过去完成时，补充完整应该是 if I had not been out on business，故主句中应该用
should/would/could/might have done结构，故选B。
【点睛】
if虚拟条件句和对应主句的动词形式列表：
有时假设的情况并不是以if引导的条件从句形式出现，而是通过一些短语等形式暗示虚拟语气的存在，常用的词语有with, without, but for, otherwise, or，even, in case of, what if(如果…将如何)等等，这种句子往往有主句而无从句 (考试时多数情况是对过去的假。但是可以转化成if引导的虚拟条件句。分析句子可知，本句可以转化成是if引导的虚拟条件句，表示与过去事实相反的假设。从句为：If I had not had your recommendation ,主句为：I would have missed it。故C选项正确。
2．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果没有青霉素，很多人在二战中就会死于疾病或小的伤口。if条件句用had done表示和过去的事实相反，主句用would have done表示虚拟。故选B。
【点睛】
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法是：虚拟条件句与现在事实相反的假设，从句是If+主语+动词的过去式（动词be用were)，主句是：主语+should,would, might,could＋动词原形；与过去相反的假设从句用：If+主语+had +过去分词，主句是：主语＋should, would, might, could ＋have done；与将来相反的假设，从句用1、If+主语+动词过去式，主语＋should, would do，2、If+主语+were to+ 动词原形，加主句3、If+主语+should +动词原形，加上主句的might, could＋动词原形。
3．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：这个寒假，我的家人要去参观长城，但是我宁愿去上海迪士尼乐园。would rather后接句子时，用一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望。故选D。
【点睛】
would rather后接句子时，句子谓语习惯上要用虚拟语气，具体用法为：1．一般过去时表示现在或将来的愿望；2. 用过去完成时表过去的愿望。本题考查would rather的虚拟语气，根据前句This winter vocation, my family are going to visit the Great Wall可以判断是表示将来的愿望，可知用一般过去时，从而得出答案。
4．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词性从句中的虚拟语气。句意：你认为改进这种吸尘器的建议怎么样?名词proposal （建议）后面是that引导的同位语从句，从句应该用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形，且从句主语improvement和make之间是是被动关系，故答案为A。
【点睛】
虚拟语气在同位语从句中的用法在名词advice, suggestion, order, proposal等后接的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气，其形式为（should）+动词原形，说明“建议、劝告、命令”等的具体内容。如： The order came that the work should be finished two days ahead of time.提前两天完成工作的命令传来了。 Reluctantly she accepted their proposal that she should be operated on.她勉强接受了他们要她去接受手术的建议。
5．B
解析：B
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我是一名建筑师，因为那样我就能设计自己的房子。此处wish后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，这里与将来的事实相反，用一般过去时态，且be动词在虚拟语气中的过去式是were。故答案为B。
【点睛】
虚拟语气通常用于wish后的宾语从句中，表示与事实相反或不大可能实现的愿望。通常有三种形式：（1）对将来发生的事情表示祝愿或愿望：主语＋wish＋从句主语＋
would(could, might)+动词原形。eg：I wish she would try again.我希望她能再试一次。（2）表示与现在事实相反的愿望：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋动词过去式。eg：I wish I wasn’t leaving my son.我希望我没离开我儿子。（3）对过去发生的事情表示遗憾或后悔时：主语＋wish（that）＋从句主语＋would/could have/had＋过去分词。eg：I wish you had
come to my birthday party.
你要是来了我的生日晚会就好了。
6．C
解析：C
【解析】
试题分析：C考察虚拟语气。wish后接与过去相反的事实时，用过去完成时表示虚拟。句意：我多么希望在我跟妈妈大吼之前把嘴巴闭起来。故选C
考点：考察虚拟语气。
7．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我特别感谢你，要不是你及时的提醒，我昨天一定陷入了很大的麻烦。本题考查含蓄条件句的虚拟语气，根据but for sth, 主句+would do(表对现在或者将来的虚拟)；but for sth, 主句+would(not) + have done（表示对过去的虚拟）。根据主句中yesterday可知是对过去的虚拟，故选C。
8．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气中的情态动词。句意：真遗憾啊！考虑到他的能力和经验，他也许可以做得更好。can have done较少使用此结构，表示对过去行为的怀疑；用于疑问句时意为“难道真的做了吗”，表示怀疑；need have done需要做某事，实际上却未做（表示虚拟语气）；must have done一定做了某事（表示对过去发生的事情的肯定推测）；might have done表示对发生过的事情的推测，意思是“可能已经”或“也许已经”，用于肯定句中。故D正确。
【点睛】
本题是高考必考考点，一定要牢记句型意思。must have done过去肯定做了某事。should have done本应该做而实际未做。can’t have done过去不可能做了某事；shouldn’t have done 本不应该做而实际做了。need have done本有必要做某事而没做；needn’t have done本没有必要做某事；注意没有mustn’t have done的形式。
9．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他们俩谈心之后，看上去都年轻了十岁。根据语境，as if引导的表语从句用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词look可知，是与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。故选
B。
10．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——国庆70周年阅兵式真是令人印象深刻。——当然，要是我在现场就好了。此处考查对过去的虚拟，用if only sb. had done sth.，故选D项。
【点睛】
本题考查if only（要是……就好了）引导的状语从句中的虚拟语气，虚拟语气一般有三种情况：与现在事实相反用一般过去时；与过去事实相反用过去完成时；与将来事实相反用过去将来时。例如
If only I had tried my best years ago。要是我几年前尽全力就好了。
If only I were in china at present.要是我现在在中国就好了。
11．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果她知道你并没有打算伤害她这一事实的话，她就不会勃然大怒。根据题中wouldn't have 和fact后的同位语从句的时态可知，这是对过去时间的虚拟。在if的非真实条件句中，对过去时间的虚拟从句谓语动词要用had done，省略连词if后，句子要用部分倒装，即had提前至从句主语之前。故选B项。
12．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查非谓语动词及虚拟语气。句意：为了避免受到影响，这个学生坚持要求他应该和他非常淘气的同桌分开。固定短语avoid doing sth“避免做某事”，与逻辑主语the student为被动关系，故用被动语态avoid being done。根据句意，逗号前面部分应该是目的状语，故用不定式作目的状语。第二空动词insist为“坚持要求”之意，后接从句用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省略。故选A。
【点睛】
insist的宾语从句的用法一般分为两种情况：
1）如果insist翻译为“坚持说/坚持认为”，且宾语从句的动作为已经发生的情况，此时宾语从句采用正常的陈述语气。如：He insisted that he was right. 他坚持说/认为他是对的。2）如果insist翻译为“坚决主张/要求”，即宾语从句的动作当时尚未发生，此时宾语从句必须采用虚拟语气，构成为从句谓语动词用“(should) + 动词原形”，其中should可以省
略。如：He insisted that he (should) be praised for what he had done.
3）此题中的insist所引导的宾语从句采用了虚拟语气，即he be separated... = he should be separated...
13．D
解析：D
【解析】
考查suggest的用法。句意：他建议她待在家里，这表明他很热心。句中suggestion表示“建议”，后面是that的同位语从句，解释说明suggestion的内容，要用虚拟语气（should）+动词原形；suggest在此句的意思是“表明，暗示”，后面的名词性从句不用虚拟语气，根据主句谓语动词suggested用一般过去时态，故宾语从句也用过去时态，由此可知答案为D。
14．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：他们要求给予每个成年人投票权。demand表示“要求”时，所接宾语从句用虚拟语气，即从句谓语部分是（should）+动词原形，又由动词give和从句主语the right to vote之间是动宾关系，所以使用被动语态be given。故选D项。
15．D
解析：D
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气、连接词和非谓语动词。句意：你不认为该开始讨论这个计划了吗？这是经理们希望看到尽快实施的事情。第一空中It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气，从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。且短语set about doing sth.“开始做某事”，故第一空应填set about discussing；第二空为表语从句，且从句中缺少宾语，指事情，故应用what；第三空分析句子结构可知carry out在句中做非谓语动词，与逻辑主语plan构成被动关系，故用过去分词carried out。故选D。
【点睛】
It is time 后的定语从句用虚拟语气
从句谓语通常用过去式表示现在或将来，有时也用过去进行时或“should+动词原形”(较少见，且should不能省略)，其意为“(早)该干某事了”。如：
I think it's time you went to bed. 我想你该睡觉了。
It’s time we went [were going, should go]. 我们该走了。
I think it’s time they were taught a lesson. 我想现在该给他们一点教训了。
注：time前有时有about和high修饰：
I think it’s high time that she made up her mind. 我想她该拿定主意了。
与其他的虚拟结构不同，该结构不能在该用 was 时而用 were。如：
It's time I was in bed. 我该上床睡了。(不用were)
16．C
解析：C
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：——如果可能的话，你会给他急救吗？——是的，但是我受伤了。根据后文had it been possible可知是对过去情况的虚拟，时间背景为过去，故第一空填have offered。下文回答为真实的情况，应用一般过去时，故第二空填got hurt。故选C。
17．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果明天下雨，我应该不会开我的车。分析句子结构可知，本句考查if引导的虚拟语气，根据tomorrow判断此处是与将来事实相反，故用were to/should + do，故选A项。
18．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：我希望我在昨天晚上就告诉他一切。wish后面的从句使用虚拟语气，与现在或者将来相反使用过去时；与过去相反使用过去完成时。根据句意可知本题是表示对过去相反，故使用过去完成时。故选C项。
19．A
解析：A
【解析】
【详解】
考查宾语从句中的虚拟语气。句意：史密斯先生的医生建议他规律性地吃饭与锻炼。这是一个由that引导的宾语从句，由suggest（建议）可知，这句话是医生的建议，所以从句中谓语动词应使用（should）+动词原形。故选A。
【点睛】
在表示建议、命令、要求、忠告等动词的后面的宾语从句中，由于这些动词本身隐含说话者的主观意见，认为某事应该或不应该怎样，这些词语后面的“that”从句应用虚拟语气，且均以“should+动词原形”表示这种语气，但事实上“should”常被省略，故此从句中谓语动词用原形，常用的此类动词有：表示“要求”的：ask，desire，request，demand，require，beg；表示“提议、劝告、建议”的：move，prpose，suggest，recommend，advise，vote；表示“决定、命令”的：decide，order；表示“主张”的：maintain，urge；表示“同意、坚持”的：consent，insist等。本题的句子是宾语从句，且有谓语动词suggest表示建议，所以其后的从句中谓语动词应使用should+动词原形的形式。故选A。
20．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果上帝创造了世界上的一切，那么化石上的奇怪生物在这么多年前就不可能存在了。结合句意可知，本题考查与过去事实相反的虚拟语气结构：if+主语
+had done…, 主语+could/would/should/might (not) hav e done…。故选B项。
21．C
解析：C
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查时态和虚拟语气。句意：霍夫曼博士坚持认为减肥药是有害的，坚持要求不应该服用。insist表示坚持认为的时候后面接陈述语气，所以第一空根据insisted后面应用一般过去时，用were，而第二个空，意为坚持要求，应接虚拟语气，动词应用（should）+do，take和主语they为被动关系，故用not be taken，故选C。
22．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他接受了父母的建议，他现在就不会后悔自己犯了这样一个愚蠢的错误。此处是省略if的虚拟语气，从句与过去事实相反，用过去完成时态；主句与现在事实相反，用would+动词原形，故选A。
【点睛】
if引导的虚拟语气从句的三种形式
if句又叫条件句，表示“假如”，是状语从句的一种，是一种非常常见的从句形式，用来提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，拥有三种形式。
①提出将来会发生的事：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形；从句：should＋动词原形/were to＋动词原形
eg. If he should go to Harvard University, he would make full use of his time. 如果他要上哈佛大学的话，他就会充分利用他的时间了。
②提出现在的条件：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could＋动词原形；从句：动词过去式
eg. If he studied at this school, he would know the enviornment around the school very much.如果他在这所学校学习的话，他会很了解周边环境。
③提出过去的未发生的条件：主句：主语＋would/should/might/could have＋动词过去分词；从句：had＋动词过去分词
eg. If I had read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。
特别提示：如果把if省略，则将助动词had/should和were提到主语的前面去。比如上句：Had I read the book, I would have told you about it.我如果看过本书，我会把内容告诉你了。23．D
解析：D
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他专心听了老师的话，他现在就会知道问题的答案了。结合句意，此处是if引导的虚拟语气，从句与过去的事实相反，主句与现在的事实相反，所以这里是混合虚拟语气。故选D。
24．A
解析：A
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查虚拟语气。句意：专家建议父母每天不允许孩子玩电脑游戏超过一个小时。recommend表示主观的肯定时，后面的需要用到虚拟语气，但是其中的should可以省略，且后面应该跟随动词原形，当需要否定的时候，直接在do前面加否定词not，故选A。25．B
解析：B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查隐含的虚拟语气。句意：昨天他很忙，否则他就会来参加会议了。这题考查虚拟语气的用法，这里的otherwise是隐含的虚拟条件句，相当于：If he hadn’t been busy yesterday，所以主句用would have done。选B。
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学生高一易错题集 （一） 1. Ningbo is no longer the city _____it was ten years ago. How beautiful it has become! A. which B. where C. that D. as 2. Since 1949, the people’s living standard _______, causing a big ______ in population. A. has been raised, rise B. has been rose, raise C. has raised, rise D. has raised, rose 3. –Excuse me, may I ask you some questions? --Sorry, I’m too busy and I haven’t even a minute to _________. A. spend B. share C. spare D. stop 4. –I hope that you can remove the differences between you and Susan and become good friends. --______. If Susan had the same idea. A. My pleasure B. It’s a pleasure. C. By no means. D. By all means. 5. Ann felt nervous _____ she gave a speech in front of so many students. A. for the first time B. the first time C. at the first time D. the first time that 6. –Help me water the flowers, will you? --________. You can see I am as busy as a bee now. A. Don’t mention it. B. That all depends. C. Take your time. D. Forget it. 7. It isn’t quite _____ whether the Tibetan antelope is still being hunted. A. sure B. certain C. safe D. careful 8. It was in the office _____ my sister works ______ I met the new manager. A. that, that B. where, where C. where, that D. that, where 9. He often helps the students ___ he thinks are not so good at English. A. who B. whom C. whose D. they 10. We must keep on learning if we want to keep up with the _______ of the changing times. A. schedule B. journey C. pace D. transport 11. The freezing point is the temperature _____ water changes into ice. A. at which B. on that C. in which D. of which 12. The story carries a strong message, ____ that will hopefully touch all who read it. A. any B. one C. it D. each 13. Father made a promise _____ I passed the examination he would buy me a new dictionary. A. that if B. if C. whether D. that 14. The telescope ______ he studied the sky is more expensive than I expected. A. by that B. by which C. through that D. through which 15. --Would you please fill in the form for me? --__________. A. It’s a pleasure. B. With pleasure. C. My pleasure. D. For pleasure. 16. The students were told that they _________ at the school gate at 2:00 the following afternoon. A. met B. will meet C. were to meet D. were met 17.—We are all ready, sir. ---OK, John _____ here; the rest of you ______ where you are. A. come, stay B. comes, stay C. will come, will stay D. comes, will stay 18. --_______ did you find his speech about theme parks? -- Not bad, but I didn’t agree with _______ he said. A. What, what B. What, that C. How, all D. How, anything
英语单选易错题(2)
英语单选易错题(二) 1.I’d like to live somewhere ____ the sun shines all year long. A. which B. that C. where D. in which 2.I ______ to go for a walk, but someone called and I couldn’t get away. A. was planning B. planned C. had planned D. would plan 3. —Did you go to Qingdao for vacation last summer? —I_________ to go, but I got sick at the last minute. A. planned B. was planning C. had been planning D. have planned 4.—We are informed that the Weifang International Kite Festival starts at 7:00. —Oh, I didn’t expect it was so early! I ______ to go out for dinner with my friends first. A. was planning B. am planning C. have been planning D. have planned 5. —I didn’t do well in the exam. What about you? — I did _____ you. Maybe even worse. A. not better than B. not worse than C. as well as D. no better than 6. If you _____ the medicine you _____ better now. A. took ; would feel B. had taken ; felt C. had taken ; would feel D. took ;would have felt 7. —Your book, Tommy? —No, Mom, it’s my friend’s. —Remember to return it to ____ name is on it. A. what B. which C. whose D. whosever 8. — I hope you enjoyed the film last night. — How on earth do you know I went to a film? I _____ you. A. won’t tell B. didn’t tell C. haven’t told D. hadn’t told 9. Gone forever ____ when we used foreign oil. A. the days are B. the days were C. are the days D. were the days 10. They waited and waited. _____ they had been looking forward to. A. Then the hour came B. The hour then came C. Then came the hour D. Then did the hour come 11. He must have finished the work by the end of last month, ___________? A. hasn’t he B. didn’t he C. hadn’t he D. mustn’t he 12. Be careful with such things. If you _____, you’ll drop them. A. don’t B. aren’t C. won’t D. do 13. ___________ a fine day, Shenzhou VI will be launched on time according to its planned time. A. Being B. It being C. To be D. It is 14. It will be five years ______ we meet again. A. since B. after C. before D. when 15. — Did you scold him for his mistake? — Yes, but _____ it. A. I’d rather not do B. I’d better not do C. I’d rather not have done D. I’d better have not done 12. We Chinese can work wonders, that is, we can make ____. A. impossible possible B. the impossible possible C. impossibly possible D. the impossible possibly 13. Whether we’ll hold the sports meet depends on the weather, _____?