初中英语知识点汇总:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句

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陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和 感叹句讲解与练习

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和    感叹句讲解与练习

陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句讲解与练习1、陈述句陈述句就是叙述一件事情后者表达一种看法的句子。

陈述句的分类陈述句可以分为肯定式和否定式两种。

1. 肯定式第一种:主语+谓语+其他,如Lucy likes playing sports.I am singing.My father went to Beijing last week.She can ride the bike.第二种:主语+系动词+表语,如:This room is empty.We are good friends .2. 否定式陈述句的否定式有以下三种:第一种就是Be动词加,后面not 构成否定句。

如:lisa is not a studentThere were not at school yesterday.第二种就是实义动词,而且没有情态动词或助动时,要用“do/dose/did +not 构成否定。

如:I don’t like music.The farmer did not want to feed the rabbit.第三种:谓语动词为“助动词、情态动词+实义动词”时,要用“助动词/情态动词+not” 构成否定。

如:I am not going to play computer games.Harry must not go to school at night.We can not go hiking with you this weekend.2、疑问句分为四种:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反义疑问句。

1. 一般疑问句通常以be ,have ,助动词或情态动词开头,回答时用Yes, No, 朗读时要用升调。

2. 特殊疑问句是对句子某一部分的疑问句。

特殊疑问句的句式是:特殊疑问词+一般疑问句。

疑问词有who,whom , whose , what, when, why , where ,how 等。

如:who is our classmate? What does Kate do on Sundays?Whose cat is it ? which bag will they buy? When did he go out ? Whydon’t we go together?Where were you last night ? How are you today?3. 选择疑问句的结构是提供两种或两种以上的情况,供对方进行选择回答的句子。

初中英语语法句子种类(部分图片)

初中英语语法句子种类(部分图片)

初中英语语法-句子的种类按照英语句子的使用目的和用途,句子可分为四类:陈述句(Declarative Sentence)、疑问句(Interrogative Sentence)、祈使句(Imperative Sentence)和感叹句(Exclamatory Sentence)。

陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句。

疑问句有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

图解语法1. 陈述句说明一个事实或陈述一个人的看法,陈述句包括肯定陈述句和否定陈述句特别提示:肯定陈述句改成否定句或一般疑问句时,如句中有already,some,something,somebody等词,须分别改成yet,any,anything,anybody等。

另外,也要注意,too改成either,both改成neither,all改成none等。

2. 疑问句3. 常用的特殊疑问句4. 特殊的反意疑问句①主句是祈使句时,“will you?”意为“请求”,“won’t you?”表示提醒对方注意。

例句:Look at the blackboard, will you / won’t you?Don’t be late again, will you?②感叹句后的反意疑问,用一般现在时态的否定形式例句:What fine weather, isn’t it?How beautifully she sings, doesn’t she?③陈述部分是“I am …”时,用“aren’t I?”而不用“am not I?”例句:I'm working now, aren’t I?④陈述部分主语是everything,nothing,anything或something 时,疑问句主语用it例句:Something is wrong with my radio, isn’t it?Nothing is difficult, is it?⑤陈述部分的主语是somebody, nobody, everybody, anybody, no one,none, neither 时,疑问句的主语用theyEveryone is here, aren’t they?No one knows about it, do they?⑥陈述部分的主语是:1) this或that时,问句的主语用it2) these或those时,问句主语用they3) there be句时,反意疑问句中用there例句:This is a plane, isn’t it?These are grapes, aren’t they?There was a hospital here, wasn’t there?⑦陈述部分的主语是one时,问句的主语可用one,也可用you (美语用he)例句:One should be ready to help others, shouldn’t one?⑧陈述句中有few, seldom, never hardly,not,rarely,no,nobody,too…to等时,疑问句部分用肯定结构;如由前后缀构成否定词,疑问句部分仍用否定结构例句:He is never late for school, is he?You got nothing from him, did you?It is useless, isn’t it?⑨陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,疑问句的主语用it例句:What you need is more important, isn’t it?⑩陈述部分由think, believe, suppose, imagine等引导的宾语从句:1) 主语是第一人称时,问句与从句的主谓语一致2) 主语是其他人称,问句与主句的主谓语一致例句:I think he will come, won’t he?I don’t think he can pass the exam, can he?He believed you had seen her before, didn’t he?? have是实义动词时,疑问句用助动词do,does,did;have 是助动词,则不然They had a meeting just now, didn’t they?She’s been to many places of interest, hasn’t she?? 陈述部分有have /has /had to 时,疑问句要用助动词的否定形式例句:You have to water the vegetables now, don’t you?? 陈述部分有had better时,疑问句中用hadn’t刘局:We had better go to school at once, hadn’t we?? 陈述部分有must:1) 作“一定;必须”解释时,疑问句用mustn’t或needn’t;2) 表示推测,作“一定是;必定”解释时,疑问句需根据其后的动词原形选用相应的形式;3) 对过去动作推测时,问句的助动词用did或have;4) 对过去的状态推测时,问句的be用was例句:He must work hard at physics, mustn’t he?You must go to Guangzhou, needn’t you?You mustn’t smoke here, must you?Tom must be at home, isn’t he?She must have finished her work, hasn’t/didn’t she?He must have been a policeman, wasn’t he?? 陈述部分有ought to,used to,疑问句要用 shouldn’t,usedn’t / didn’t例句:Jill used to be a teacher, usedn’t / didn’t she?? 陈述句部分是复合句时,疑问句的主语和助动词要与主句一致例句:He was reading when the teacher came in, wasn’t he?特别提示:反意疑问句是“否定陈述句+肯定问句”时,如回答内容是肯定的,用“Yes+肯定结构”,反之,用“No+否定结构”。

2022年中考英语二轮语法复习--陈述句,疑问句、祈使句和感叹句课件

2022年中考英语二轮语法复习--陈述句,疑问句、祈使句和感叹句课件

疑问句—一般疑问句
关于一般疑问句的回答:大多数用yes或no回答;也可以用其他表示肯定或 否定的词.
Is he a teacher? Can you help me?
Yes, he is. / No, he isn’t. Sure, he is. Yes, I can. / No, I can’t. Sure. /Sorry, I can’t.
单项选择
1. Linda ate nothing this morning,___C____? A. didn't she B. was she C. did she D. wasn't she 2. There's hardly _______milk in the bottle, ___D____there? A. no, isn't B. some, is C. little, isn't D. any, is 3. He has never ridden a horse before, ___B____? A. does he B. has he C. hasn't he D. doesn't he 4. -He seldom came here, ___D____
感叹句
两种结构:what或how引导
➢ How+形容词/副词+陈述句(主语+谓语)!
How cold it is! How hard he works!
感叹句
两种结构:what或how引导
➢ How+名词+动词! How time flies!
练习
将下列句子改为一般疑问句
Many girls are singing in the classroom. Are many girls singing in the classroom? I can speak English and Chinese. Can you speak English and Chinese? Tom and Tina will have a picnic tomorrow. Will Tom and Tina have a picnic tomorrow? She bought some food in the supermarket. Did she buy any food in the supermarket? Sarah often reads books and does homework after school. Does Sarah often read books and do homework after school? I have read a lot of books. Have you read a lot of books?

初中英语语法思维导图总结 - 句法之疑问句,感叹句,祈使句和陈述句

初中英语语法思维导图总结 - 句法之疑问句,感叹句,祈使句和陈述句

按句子的用途划分:一、疑问句:1. 一般疑问句:(1)一般疑问句的基本结构:Be动词/助动词+ 主语+其他? 助动词+主语+动词原形+其他?①be + 主语+ 其他?eg. Are you a student? 你是学生吗?Is the man your teacher?那位男士是你的老师吗?Were you absent from your class?你逃课了吗?Was he a policeman?他以前是警察吗?②助动词+主语+动词原形+其他?eg. Do you like the book? 你喜欢这本书吗?Do you work in the bank?你在银行工作吗?Does he study hard?他学习努力吗?Did your mum clean your room yesterday?昨天你妈妈打扫你的房间了吗?③情态动词+主语+动词原形+其他?eg. Could Jack hold out?杰克能挺得住吗?Should students study hard?学生应该努力学习吗?Must he get up early every day?他每天必须早起吗?Will Mary be invited this time?这次邀请玛丽吗?④have 作“有”意思时,可按be动词处理,也可按实义动词处理eg. Has he a motorcycle?/ Does he have a motorcycle?他有摩托车吗?Did you have a shower? 你洗过澡了吗?(2)一般疑问句回答:Yes(No), 主语+ 助动词/be/情态动词(n’t)②其他回答方式:肯定:certainly当然,确定;naturally当然地,自然地;I think so我希望这样;I expect so我期望如此,all right好的,好吧;with pleasur愿意为您效劳。

否定:certainly not 当然不;not at all 一点也不;I don’t think so我希望不这样not yet 还没有,也不;of course not 当然不,当然不会。

英语语法详解:陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句

英语语法详解:陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句

英语语法详解:陈述句,疑问句,祈使句,感叹句1陈述句陈述句的正常语序其实就是简单句的5种基本句式,倒装语序也就是倒装句比较复杂,我们放到后文4大特殊句式(倒装强调插入省略)中再讲解。

知识链接:英语其实就这5个句子:句子成分和基本句式超精解!陈述句分为肯定形式和否定形式,由肯定变否定加not时需要注意原句中的谓语,并且要注意动词与not的缩写。

知识链接:英语其实就这4个句子—陈述句:陈说叙述万事万物2感叹句感叹句最常见的构成形式有两种:利用特殊疑问词what/how构成,或者直接在陈述句祈使句前加感叹词或在句尾加感叹号。

另外要注意what/how跟so/such的对比学习。

视频详解:英语其实就这4个句子—感叹句:感叹人生喜怒哀乐3祈使句祈使句的构成来自陈述句的省略。

省略的方式有3种,祈使句变否定的方式有2种,另外要牢记1个包含祈使句的句式。

视频详解:英语其实就这4个句子—祈使句:言者祈求使唤听者4疑问句疑问句细分为一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句和反义疑问句。

陈述句通过助动词的倒装变一般疑问句,一般疑问句通过加疑问词变特殊疑问句,一般疑问句和特殊疑问句通过并列连词or变选择疑问句。

陈述句+一般疑问句的省略形式构成反义疑问句。

一般疑问句视频详解:英语4种疑问句轻松学:一般疑问句=助动词+陈述句肯定答语:一般疑问句的肯定形式及回答陈述句变一般疑问句时对be动词和助动词的使用方式,与陈述句变否定时一样,要注意跟前面陈述句内容的类比。

一般疑问句通常用yes,no回答,所以又叫是否疑问句。

否定答语:一般疑问句的否定形式及回答一般疑问句的否定形式,既可在be/助动词后加not,也可在主语后加not。

回答同肯定形式但yes/no语义发生颠倒。

例句:-Isn't he a bookworm? = Is he not a bookworm? 他不是个书虫吗?-Yes, he is. 不,他是。

-No, he isn't. 是,他不是。

初中英语知识归纳基本句型及其变换

初中英语知识归纳基本句型及其变换

初中英语知识归纳基本句型及其变换英语是一门基础语言学科,在初中英语学习中,掌握基本句型及其变换是非常重要的。

本文将对初中英语知识进行归纳,并介绍基本句型的变换。

一、陈述句基本句型陈述句是最常用的句型,其基本结构是主语+谓语+宾语。

例如:1. I like apples.(我喜欢苹果)2. She plays basketball.(她打篮球)3. They are students.(他们是学生)二、疑问句基本句型疑问句的基本结构是特殊疑问词/疑问词+助动词/情态动词+主语+谓语其他成分(宾语、状语等)+?例如:1. What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)2. Can you swim?(你会游泳吗?)3. Where do they live?(他们住在哪里?)三、祈使句基本句型祈使句常用来表示命令、请求、建议等,其基本结构是谓语+其他成分(有时省略主语)。

例如:1. Take your time.(慢慢来)2. Please close the door.(请关上门)3. Let's go together.(我们一起走吧)四、感叹句基本句型感叹句用于表达惊讶、赞叹等情感,其基本结构是How/What+形容词/副词/名词+主语+谓语其他成分(宾语、状语等)+!例如:1. How beautiful the sunset is!(夕阳多美啊!)2. What a clever girl she is!(她多聪明啊!)五、倒装句倒装句是指将谓语动词放在主语之前,常用于强调句子的某一部分或转换语序。

常见的倒装方式有全部倒装和部分倒装。

例如:1. Here comes the bus.(汽车来了)2. Not only does she speak French, but she also speaks Spanish.(她不仅会说法语,还会说西班牙语)六、被动语态被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,即宾语变为主语,原主语变为介词by短语中的宾语。

中考英语专题复习十四句子种类

中考英语专题复习十四句子种类

C. Why
D. When
用 How many;how many times; how much; how long; how far; how soon; how often 填空。 __H_o_w__m__uc_h___ did you pay for the sweater?
__H__o_w_ _lo_n_g__ have you worked in that factory? -- __H_o_w__ m__a_n_y_ t_im__e_s_ did he call you the day before yesterday? --Twice. --__H_o_w__o_f_te_n__ does he write to his parents? --Twice a week. _H_o_w_ _s_o_on_ will you finish the work ? In two hours.
My uncle has never been to a foreign
country, _________?
(A) has he
(B) does he
(C) hasn't he (D) doesn't he
His sister had a bad cough, ________ she? (A) wasn't (B) doesn't (C) hadn't (D) didn't
5. Let me see, ______w__il_l__y_o_u_____ ?
祈使句中,除了let’s…用shall we? 其余的全用will you?
特殊用法(二)
1. 当主语是不定代词something/ anything/ nothing/ everything 等,或指示代词that , this时,疑问部分主语用it,当指示代词是 these,those时,后部分主语用they。

初中英语【五种简单句】祈使句感叹句

初中英语【五种简单句】祈使句感叹句

初中英语【五种简单句】祈使句感叹句英语的句子按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

有肯定句和否定句之分。

2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。

有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句( General Questions):Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句( W Questions; H Questions ):Where do you live?你住那儿?How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?c. 选择疑问句( Alternative Questions ):Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句( Tag-Questions ):He doesn't know her, does he?他不认识她,对不对?3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:Sit down, please.请坐。

Don't be nervous!别紧张!4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:What good news it is!多好的消息啊!A.简单句的五种基本句型。

简单句的五种基本句型,对于提高同学们的听、说、读、写、译能力有至关重要的作用。

下面我们就一起再来回顾一下简单句的五种基本句型吧!简单句的五种基本句型包括:a.主语 +连系动词 +表语 (S+ Link-V+P)此句型中的谓语动词为连系动词,作表语成分的有形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式介词短语等。

常见的系动词有be, feel, taste, smell, sound,seem, look(看起来 ), get(变 ),become(变 ),turn( 变 )等。

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初中英语知识点汇总:陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句句子的类型(一)教学重点句子的类型:陈述句陈述句(包括肯定的或否定的)用来叙述一项事实。

陈述句的结构分为肯定结构和否定结构两种。

1、陈述句的肯定结构(1)主语与谓语的一致,句子中的谓语动词和主语在人称和数上必须一致。

如:I was having dinner when he came in.He is now working at a bank.①谓语只跟主语的中心词保持一致,修饰词不影响主语的数:The quality of this kind of bike is poor.There be结构和其他倒装句中,谓语通常放在主语的前面,这时谓语是单数还是复数,要依后面的主语而定,如:There is no milk in the bottle.There are no students iin the classroom.②“one of ……”结构作主语,谓语应该用单数。

如:One of the students is absent.Making things is a good activity.What hurt her most is his words.③由and连接两个或两个以上的名词,由“both…and…”连接的两个成分作主语,其谓语动词通常用复数形式,如:Susan and Sally like pop music.The worker and the peasant are going to give us a talk.④单数名词后面有下面词语修饰时,主语不受这些词或词组的影响with…. like…as well as…together with…He, as well as his classmates, likes popular songs.Mr Li, together with his wife and two songs, is on holiday these days.⑤由连词“either…or…”,“neither…nor…”,“not only…but also…”,also, nor, or连接两个名词或代词,谓语动词的形式应与最近的主语保持一致Neither I nor my brother is good at maths.Either you or I’m wrong.注意:表示数量、时间、距离、金钱等的复数名词作主语时,谓语动词一般用单数形式。

用于数学运算的数字作主语,谓语通常也用单数形式。

如:Ten pounds is enough. Two hours is a long time.2、陈述句的否定形式(1)带有系动词、助动词、情态动词的肯定句,只要把not, never加在这些动词后面,就能把肯定句变为否定,no通常否定名词或动名词I’m not a doctor. I haven’t got a camera.I have never met him before.(2)若谓语是行为动词,前面又没有助动词和情态动词,只要在谓语动词之前加助动词do( does, did ) not就行。

I didn’t go to the concert yesterday.He doesn’t speak English(3)no修饰复数名词作主语,谓语动词要用复数。

如果no 修饰单数名词作主语,谓语动词要用单数。

如:No men are admitted No man is admitted.(4)表示部分否定的词有:not all, not everything, not everybody, not everywhere, not both, not always.Not everybody enjoys fishing.Not everything goes well.句子的类型(二)教学重点句子的类型:疑问句疑问句是用来提出疑问的句子,疑问句末尾用问号“?”。

疑问句一般分为:一般疑问句;特殊疑问句;选择疑问句和反意疑问句。

1、一般疑问句(1) 含有系动词、助动词、情态动词的陈述句改为疑问句:要把这些动词提到主语的前面,句末用问号。

Are you a policeman? Must I go now?(2) 如果谓语是行为动词,它前面又没有任何助动词、情态动词,这时就要用助动词do ( does, did )来构成疑问句。

Does he often write to you ?Did you enjoy yourself last Sunday?2、特殊疑问句(1) 特殊疑问句由“疑问词+一般疑问句”构成,其中一般疑问句又采取倒装或部分倒装的形式。

(2) 特殊疑问句的疑问词通常分为疑问代词和疑问副词两种。

3、选择疑问句它的结构是“一般疑问句+ or + 一般疑问句“,回答这类问题时要选择其中一种具体进行回答。

Is her brother a doctor or a teacher?Her brother a doctor.4、反意疑问句反意疑问句由一个陈述句和一个简略形式的疑问句构成,中间用逗号隔开。

通常有两种形式:①陈述句谓语用肯定形式+ 疑问句谓语用否定形式;He is stupid, isn’t he?②陈述句谓语用否定形式+ 疑问句谓语用肯定形式;He doesn’t like sports, does he?(5) 如果陈述部分是主从复合句,那么疑问部分的谓语应该跟主语的谓语所用形式一样。

You never told us you are the headmaster, did you?注意:①used to用在句中时,也可用usen’t 或usedn’t来引起反意疑问句。

He used to swim in winter, didn’t he? =He used to swim in winter, usen’t he?②当陈述句中的主语为everybody, everyone, anyone, nobody, none, no one时,疑问部分通常要用they来代替。

Everybody admires him, don’t they?③如果陈述句部分已经用了表示否定意义的词,如never, nothing, hardly,那么疑问部分应该使用肯定形式。

He never speaks loudly, does he?④当陈述句部分的主语为everything, nothing, anything, something时,疑问部分的主语要用it.Something is wrong with the machine, isn’t it?Everything is in good order, isn’t it?⑤祈使句的反意疑问句部分要用shall, will。

Let’s表示第一人称的祈使句,所以反意疑问句为“shall we?”, let me 和let us表示第二人称的祈使句,反意疑问句为“will you?”,其他行为动词引起的祈使句,反意疑问句都为“will you?”。

祈使句的反意疑问句通常只有肯定形式。

Let’s go for a walk, shall we?Let’s stop for a rest, will you?⑥感叹句的反意疑问句要用“be”的现在时,对人的感叹,用“he”“you”等,对事物的感叹,用“it”,而且疑问部分必须用否定式。

What a clever boy, isn’t he?What a wonderful lecture, isn’t it?句子的类型(三)教学重点句子的类型:祈使句感叹句祈使句表示请求、命令、建议等等,谓语动词一律用原形。

句中通常不用主语,句末用惊叹号或者句号。

1、肯定的祈使句(1) 句型:动词原形……(省略主语)。

如:Look at these holes! Please keep the classroom quiet.(2) 有时,为了加强语气,可以在动词之前加do。

Do be quiet. Do study hard.(3) 祈使句中如果有呼语,一定要用逗号“,”隔开。

放在句首或句尾。

Come here, Li Ming.2、否定的祈使句(1) 句型:Don’g + 动词原形……Don’t make the same mistake.Don’t look out of the windows.(2) 祈使句与陈述句的改写祈使句=You must ……Be quiet. = you must be quiet.Don’t make any noise = You mustn’t make any noise.Please + 祈使句= Will you please ……?Please read after me = Will you please read after me?3、祈使句Let…句型Let作为动词常常用于祈使句,但表达意义不相同Let表示“建议”后面跟第一人称代词作宾语。

Let’s go to school together! Let me try again.Let表示“间接命令或愿望”,后面接第三人称代词作宾语。

Let him work out the problem by himself.Let Li Ping be monitor.感叹句表示说话时的惊讶、喜悦、气愤等情绪,带有强烈的感情色彩。

感叹句主要有两种:What + 名词词组;What a beautiful day it is!How + 形容词或副词How well they have learned English!How well he swims!注意:What 修饰单数可数名词时,如果这一名词有形容词修饰,也可以用how来引导感叹句,但是不定冠词a, an要放在形容词的后面。

What a beautiful park!How beautiful a park it is!补充练习按要求进行句型转换1.We have many cakes for supper (变为否定疑问句)2.I would like a cup of tea, please. (变为一般疑问句)3.He is a teacher, (a student) (改为选择疑问句)4.It is a nice box. (改为感叹句)5.The workers are working hard. (改为感叹句)6.Tom is sitting on the desk. (改为否定的祈使句)7.Everything is ready, ___________ ? (以下改为反意疑问句)8.This isn’t your book, _____________ ?9.Don’t look out of the window, _____________ ?。

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