高考英语代词知识点专项训练及答案(1)

高考英语代词知识点专项训练及答案(1)
高考英语代词知识点专项训练及答案(1)

高考英语代词知识点专项训练及答案(1)

一、选择题

1.-The news came ___the film directed by Peter won an award.

-When was that?

- _______ was in 2018____he was still in college.

A.when ;That ;that.B.that; That; that.

C.that; It; that.D.that; It ;when.

2.The tallest girl over there is ________ who works very hard in our class .

A.a girl B.the girl C.one D.the one

3.The British Prime Minister was forced to make an important decision. ___________many would refuse to accept.

A.that B.the one C.one D.those

4.I’d appreciate ________ i f you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come. A.it B.you

C.one D.this

5.Understanding the cultural habits of another nation, especially containing as many different subcultures as the United States, is a complex task.

A.one B.the one

C.that D.those

6.With ________ mistakes, ________ is no wonder that the man got laid off only after working for several months.

A.such many…there B.many such…it C.such many…it D.many such…there 7.________ is believed that heavy smokers are more likely to develop serious illness.

A.As B.It C.Which D.What

8.________ occurred to me that I had left my shirt on the playground.

A.It B.One C.That D.What

9.I turned to bookstores and libraries seeking information about the book mentioned in his lecture,but found_____.

A.no one B.none

C.nothing D.anything

10.He wrote lots of best-sellers throughout his life, the majority of translated into English A.which B.what C.them D.whose

11._______ is known to us all that the old scientist, for _______ life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties.

A.As; whose B.It; who C.As; whom D.It; whom

12.I hate _______ when people talk with their mouths full.

A.it B.that C.these D.them

13.No matter how busy he is, Tom makes ______a rule to see his parents every week.

A.this B.that C.it D.him

14.People were dressed in elegant costumes, all of _____ suitable for a multicultural parade.

A.which B.whom C.them D.who

15.Don't you hate _____when somebody shows up at a party wearing the same dress as you? A.him B.that

C.it D.them

16.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A.it B.those

C.one D.that

17.In the past, ____didn’t make much of a difference to your success____ you had a good family background.

A.that; if B.it; whether C.that; whether D.it; if 18.Located in the center of Melbourne, Australia, are two tall towers designed by building architect Phil Rowe, both of shaped like massive tree houses rather than skyscrapers. A.who B.them

C.which D.whom

19.I dislike ________when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization, ________ bringing everyone closer together.

A.one; one B.it; one

C.one; which D.it; which

20.It is said that there are ten foreign students in our school. One is from America, _______ is from Australia and all ______ students are from England.

A.another; the others B.one; another C.another; the other D.one; other’s 21.Is this chicken farm ____________we visited three years ago?

A.in which B.where

C.the one D./

22.During the Singles Day in 2017, the sales of Chinese e-commerce giants such as Alibaba outnumbered _______ of Black Friday and Cyber Monday in the US.

A.that B.those

C.this D.it

23.______ remains doubtful ______ this is an important discovery.

A.That; whether B.That; that C.It; whether D.It; that

二、13

24.A child should be receiving either meat or eggs daily, preferably ______.

A.neither B.none

C.either D.both

25.The water was two feet deep, making it difficult, if not impossible, the car out. A.getting B.got

C.to get D.get

【参考答案】***试卷处理标记,请不要删除

一、选择题

1.D

解析:D

【解析】

【详解】

考查连接词、代词和定语从句关系词。句意:——有消息说彼得导演的那部电影获奖了。——什么时候的事?——那是在2018年,当时他还在上大学。第一空为同为语从句修饰news,且从句中不缺少成分,故用that;第二空指代上文“彼得导演的那部电影获奖”这件事用代词it;第三空为定语从句修饰先行词2018,且先行词在从句中做时间状语,故用关系副词when。综上,故选D。

【点睛】

定语从句的关系词的选择可考虑以下三点:

(1)一看先行词的意义,即分清先行词是指人、指物、时间、地点还是原因(如指物时不能用who或whom,指人时通常不用which等)

(2)二看关系词的句法功能,即分清关系词是担任什么句子成分,是作主语还是宾语、是作定语还是状语等(如作定语通常用whose,有时也用which;作状语要用when, where, why) (3)三看定语从句的种类,即分清是限制性定语从句还是非限制性定语从句(如that和why 通常不引导非限制性定语从句)

2.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:那边最高的女孩是我们班学习很努力的一个。根据下文who works very hard in our class可知,此处指最高的女孩是班上很努力学习的一个女孩,为泛指“一个”,故选C。

3.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:英国首相被迫做出一个许多人都不愿接受的重要决定。此处用one替代an important decision,是它的同位语;one后面是省略that的定语从句。故选C。

4.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it用法。句意:如果你能提前告诉我你是否会来的话,我将非常感激。appreciate后跟

接if或when从句时,其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句,若语义上需要接这类从句,需借助it,it作形式宾语。故选A。

【点睛】

使用appreciate的四点习惯

1)习惯上不接不定式作宾语,其后可接名 (代)词、动名词、名词性从句等作宾语,但不能接不定式。如:

We shall appreciate hearing from you again.能再次收到你的来信,我们将十分感激。

I appreciate that you have come here so early. 感谢你来得这么早。

2)习惯上不用“人”作宾语,其后只能接“事”作宾语,而不能接“人”作宾语 (注意:这与thank 的用法恰恰相反)。

正:I appreciate your kindness. 谢谢你的好意。误:I appreciate you for your kindness.

正:He thanked her for her kindness. 他感谢她的好意。误:He thanked her kindness.

3)后接if或when从句时习惯上要先接it。其后不直接跟if或when引导的从句,若语义上需要接这类从句,需借助it。

如:I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it. 如果你能帮助我做这事,我会十分感激。

We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了,我们十分感激。

4)关于修饰语的搭配习惯,要表示程度,可用 deeply, highly, (very) much 等副词修饰。如:I deeply appreciateyour kindness. 我深深感谢你的好意。

He highly appreciated their help. 他非常感谢他们的帮助。

注意:much 修饰 appreciate时,只能置于其前,而不能置于其后但 very much 却可以)。如:我们非常感谢你的邀请。正:We much appreciate your invitation.正:We appreciate your invitation very much. 误:We appreciate your invitation much.

5.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:了解另一个国家的文化习惯是一项复杂的任务,尤其是像美国这样包含许多不同亚文化的国家。one 可指代前面已经出现过的同种类的可数名词,在此处作可数名词 nation 的同位语,表示泛指,因此不用定冠词 the,可排除B,that 指代过去的或远处的某一事物,也可用来指代同类不同物或不可数名词,可排除C,those 后修饰名词复数,因此排除D。故正确答案为A。

6.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查形容词及固定句型。句意:由于犯了许多这样的错误,难怪这个人在工作几个月后就被解雇了。such后面不能加many,所以many置于such之前,such表示“这样的,如此的”。It is no wonder that…意为“难怪、怪不得”,为主语从句,其中it为形式主语,真正

的主语为that引导的主语从句。故选B。

【点睛】

与题中句型相似的句型还有:It is +名词+从句,It is a fact that… 事实是……,It is good news that … ……是好消息,It is a question that … ……是个问题,It is common knowledge that … ……是常识,类似的名词还有:a pity;a wonder;a good thing; no wonder;surprise等。

7.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

本题考查it用法。解题步骤:1.确定各选项用法:空格的位置是主语,A. As引导非限制性定语从句;B. It可以作形式主语;C. Which引导主语从句;D. What引导主语从句;2.确定答案:根据believed后面的that可知,这是主语从句后置,前面用形式主语it代替。如果选A,应将that改为逗号,C/D项的话,that前应添加动词。句意:人们认为,烟瘾大的人更容易患重病。故选B。

8.A

解析:A

【解析】

【详解】

考查固定句式。句意:我突然想起我把衬衫忘在操场上了。固定句式:It occurred to sb. that…意为“某人突然想起……”。故选A。

9.B

解析:B

【解析】

考查代词。A. no one没有人,指人,通常用who提问;B. none没有人,一个也没有,none 是表示数量上的没有,通常用how many提问;C. nothing无物,指物,通常用what 提问;

D. anything任何事。句意:我转向书店和图书馆寻找他演讲中提到的那本书的信息,但什么也没找到。此处指数量上一个也没有,故选B。

10.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:他一生写了很多畅销书,大部分都译成了英文。A. which一段用于定语从句的关系词,指物; B. what什么,一般用于名词从句;C. them指代前面提及的名词复数;D. whose谁的,一般作定语。分析句子可知,本句是单句,空格处指前面的“best-sellers”,“ translated into English”在句中作定语,修饰best-sellers,指代前面的名词复数,要用them。故选C。

11.D

解析:D

【详解】

考查主语从句和定语从句。句意:众所周知,这位年老的科学家,过去他的生活很艰难,在他八十多岁时仍然努力工作。It is known to us all that是个固定句型,意思是“众所周知”,这里it是形式主语,真正的主语是that引导的主语从句,如果用as的话,as is known to us all后面要用逗号与后面的句子隔开,没有that;第二空中句子包含一个“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,指人,只能用whom,故选D。

12.A

解析:A

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it特殊用法。It作为无所指It,经常放在hate, appreciate,make,get等的后面构成固定句型。如I made it我成功了。I got it我明白了!句意:我抬眼人们嘴里塞的满满的说话。故A正确。

13.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查形式宾语。句意:不管多忙,汤姆每周都要去看望他的父母。分析句子,make为动词后需接宾语,此处用it作形式宾语。真正的宾语为后面的动词不定式。故选C项。14.C

解析:C

【解析】

【详解】

考查代词。句意:人们身着优雅的服装,这些服装都适合多元文化游行。逗号后为形容词独立结构作状语,独立结构中的逻辑主语为all of them所有服装,在of后要用代词宾格,them,故选C。

15.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it的用法。句意:你难道不讨厌有人穿着和你一样的衣服出现在派对上吗?此处it是形式宾语,后面的when引导的从句是真正宾语。故选C。

16.D

解析:D

【分析】

【详解】

考查代词辨析。句意:网上的信息传播得要比报纸上的信息传播得更快。A.it指代上文出现的同一事物;B. those指代可数名词复数;C. one指代可数名词单数。D. that指代不可数名词或可数名词单数形式,后面要有定语修饰,表示特指。本句中that指代不可数名词information后面有介词短语修饰,表示特指。故D正确。

【名师点睛】

1)it通常用来指代上文提到过的那个事物,表示特指概念,即指代同一物。

(2)one表示泛指概念,替代可数名词的单数形式。其复数形式ones也表示泛指概念,用来替代可数名词的复数形式。the one(s)也是替代可数名词,但表示特指概念。

(3)that既可以用来指代不可数名词,又可以用来指代可数名词单数形式,表示特指概念,相当于“the+名词”结构。

(4)those用来指代可数名词复数形式,表示特指概念,相当于“the+可数名词复数”结构。它是that(指代可数名词单数时)的复数形式。

(5)当that或those在句中指代事物时,它们的后面通常使用一些后置定语,如:

Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.(that指代不可数名词joy)特别提醒:(1)that只能代替事物不能代替人(定语从句除外),one既可代替事物也可代替人。

(2)“物主代词+own”之后不能加one。

(3)一般可以用this one,that one,较少用these ones和those ones。当ones前有形容词修饰时则可以用these和those。

17.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查形式主语和主语从句。句意:在过去,是否有良好的家庭背景对你的成功并没有太大的影响。此处是it作形式主语,后面的主语从句是真正的主语,且if作“是否”讲时不能引导主语从句,故答案为B。

18.B

解析:B

【解析】

【详解】

考查过去分词独立主格结构。句意:建筑设计师菲尔?罗设计的两个高塔位于澳大利亚墨尔本的中心,他们的形状像巨大的树屋而不是摩天大楼。此处shaped是过去分词,而不是被动语态,所以这里是过去分词的独立主格结构,故答案为B。

19.B

解析:B

【解析】

考查代词。句意:我不喜欢吉姆说联合国不是一个值得敬重的组织,一个让每个人更加亲密的组织。第一空用it作形式宾语,真正的宾语为when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization;第二空用代词one,代指前面的名词organization。故选B。

【点睛】

当hate/enjoy/like/love/prefer/appreciate/dislike等表示情绪的动词后接when或if从句时,通常要用it作形式宾语。

20.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查不定代词辨析。句意:据说我们学校有十个外国学生。一个来自美国,还有一个来自澳大利亚,剩下的所有(外国)学生都来自英国。根据句意,第一个空格处想表达的是另一个学生,泛指复数中的“另一个”用another。而指复数中“其余的”,泛指用other,特指用the other,这里是特指学校里这十个外国学生中其余的,所以要用the other。综合选C。【点睛】

other, the other, another, others和the others的用法很多同学分不清楚,以下为这些词的用法。The other 特指两个或两部分中的另一个或另一部分,可接单数或者复数名词,比如本题中是特指十个外国学生中的另一部分,故用the other。other泛指复数中其余的部分。another泛指同类事物中三者或三者以上中“另一个”,只能代替或修饰单数可数名词, 比如本题中根据句意,一个来自美国,另一个来自澳大利亚,故用another。

21.C

解析:C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查定语从句。句意:这是我们三年前来参观过的养鸡场吗?根据横线前后内容可知,横线后为定语从句,横线之前句子的主语为this chicken farm,is为系动词,故横线处应填表语且作定语从句的先行词;选项中只有one是代词,能够指代前面的chicken farm,且先行词在定语从句中作宾语,指物时用关系代词that或which,且可以省略,所以the one后面省略了that或者which。故选C。

22.B

解析:B

【解析】

考查替代。句意:2017年的光棍节期间,阿里巴巴(Alibaba)等中国电子商务巨头的销售额超过了美国的黑色星期五(Black Friday)和网络星期一(Cyber Monday)。此处the sales(名词复数)用those替代,答案为B。

23.C

【解析】

【分析】

【详解】

考查it用法和主语从句。句意:这是否是重大发现还不确定。分析句子结构可知,第一空应填词是形式主语,只能填it,排除A、B两项;根据doubtful可知,第二空用

whether“是否”引导主语从句,排除D项。故选C。

二、13

24.D

解析:D

【解析】

考查代词。句意:孩子应该每日食用肉类或蛋类,最好两种都吃。A. neither两个都不;B. none没有人;一个也没有;没有任何东西;C. either两个中任意一个;D. both两个都。根据语境判断是“两者都”,故选D。

25.C

解析:C

【解析】

试题分析:考查非谓语动词句意为:水有两英尺深,把这辆小车弄出来就算是有可能的话也是非常困难的。making it difficult是非谓语动词作了结果状语,make it difficult to get the car out, if not impossible(不是不可能)。在句子中it 是形式宾语,此处真正的宾语是后面的动词不定式。故答案应为C。

考点:考查非谓语动词。

高考英语语法专题复习--代词

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