专业英语期末考试答案
江西工业职业技术学院2013——2014学年第一学期期末考试
计算机专业英语试题
2013年11月姓名班级学号
Ⅰ. Vocabulary（词汇）（每题1分，共30分）
（一）Translate the following words and expressions into Chinese.（写出下列词组的汉语意思）
1. CPU 中央处理器
2. OS 操作系统
3. ENIAC 电子数字积分计算机
4. RAM 随机存储器
5. OEM 初始设备制造商
6. ROM 只读存储器
7. DBMS 数据库管理系统
8. SQL 结构化查询语言
9. TCP 传输控制协议
（二）Translate the following words and expressions into English.（写出下列词组的英语意思）
1. 平板电脑 tablets PCs
2. 电子邮件
3. 兼容计算机 compatible computer
4. 可编程的 programmable
5. 调制解调器 Modem
6. 电子表格 spreadsheet
7. 多重处理multiprocess
8. 用户界面 user interface
9. 功耗 power consumption
10. 机器语言 machine language
（三）Match the following words and expressions in the left column with those similar meaning in the right column.（将左列的词汇与右列相对应的汉语匹配）
1. system unit (i ) a.显示设备
2. high-level language ( e ) b.万维网
3. electronic component ( g ) c.系统软件
4. display device ( a ) d.多媒体
5. multimedia ( d ) e.高级语言
6. WWW ( b ) f.配置管理
7. application software ( j ) g.电子元件
8. system software ( c ) h.非授权用户
9. unauthorized user （ h ） i.系统单元
10. configuration management （ f ） j.应用软件
Ⅱ. Comprehension（阅读）（每题2分，共20分）
Passage A
In order to solve a computational problem, its solution must be specified i n terms of a sequence of computational steps, each of which may be performed by a human or a digital computer. If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should learn how to program. The task of developing progra ms for the solution of computational problems referred to as programming. Compu ter programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of steps for a computer to follow. In general, this process will help us resolve a problem , which is either too tedious or difficult to work out otherwise. So programmin g is breaking a task down into small steps.
Programming is sometimes contrasted with coding. Coding generally refers to
the writing of programs for given program specification, while programming inc ludes the task of preparing the program specification as well as that of writin
g the program. The text of a program is sometimes referred to as code, and line
s of program text are referred to as lines of code, especially in the case of m achine-language programs. The term coder is used to describe a
person engaged exclusively in implementing program specifications prepared by o thers.
What's actually involved in programming - the actual process of writing pro grams? Here's a quick overview of the process:
·Write a program.
·Compile the program.
·Run the program.
·Debug the program.
·Repeat the whole process until the program is finished.
choose the best answer according to the passage
1．If you want to solve the computational problem with a computer, you should l earn how to. ( B )
A. calculate
B. program
C. add
D. subtract
2. Computer programming is the process of planning and creating a sequence of for a computer to follow. ( A )
A. steps
B. process
C. lines
D. graphics
3. The term coder is used to describe ( D ).
A. machine
B. computer
C. keyboard
D. person
4. In order to solve a computational problem, you can let a person or a to do it. ( B )
A. machine
B. computer
C. keyboard
D. mouse
5. Which of the following is not the stages of programming? ( C )
A. Write a program.
B. Debug the program.
C. Print the program.
D. Compile the program.
Passage B
A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread c opies of itself. The program may however also be designed to have other effects on the systems it infects, ranging from the annoying to the disastrous.
Virus attacks are growing rapidly these days. According to BusinessWeek, th e 76,404 attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous year' s total number. As new antivirus tools are more powerful than before, the virus writers are getting a lot smarter with newer and creative ways to attack netwo rk systems. Let's first examine some common virus types:
Basic Virus-a piece of software code that is developed to attack computers and network systems via email or Internet connections. It quickly rep licates itself and gradually attaches to files, programs or the hard drive.
Trojan Horses-This is a program that doesn't replicate when entering a syst em but can be effectively used to open 'back doors.' Trojan Horses allow hacke rs to take control over a particular system or to steal very important data.
Worm - this type of virus is able to spread itself automatically over the n etwork from one computer to the next. During a worm attack, users' computers ge t infected without even having to click open email attachment or any program, e tc.
Since it is very difficult to avoid the virus, your best defense isa powerf ul antivirus program. In order to fight with such viruses, the software vendors should focus on making their products more robust. This may ask for a trade-of f between user-friendliness and security. In specific cases it may require line -by-line inspection, code retooling and even systems automation to defend the i nstalled programs.
choose the best answer according to the passage
1. A computer virus is a computer program that is created to make and spread of itself. （ C ）
A. programs
B. virus
C. copies
D. files
2. Worm spread itself except by . （ D ）
A. network
B. E-mail
C. program
D. hardware
3. Antivirus program can scan and virus.（ A ）
A．clean B．produce C．replicate D．make
4. Trojan Horses . （C）
A．quickly replicate itself and gradually attache to files, programs or the har
d drive.
B．infect the computer without even having to click open email attachment or an y program.
C．allow hackers to take control over a particular system or to steal very impo rtant data.
D．avoid the virus to attack computer.
5. According to Business Week, the attacks reported in the first half of 2003 nearly match previous year’s total number. （ B ）
A．86,404 B．76,404 C．56,354 D．34,876
Ⅲ. Translation（翻译）（共30分）
（一）Translate the following sentences into Chinese.（将下列句子翻译成汉语）（共20分，每题5分）
1. Computers are machines that perform tasks or calculations according to a set of instructions, or programs.
计算机是一个可以完成任务或者按照一组指令或者程序进行计算的机器。
2. Each year, consumer magazines such as Consumer Review and Consumer Reports publish their evaluations of overall customer satisfaction for the major computer manufacturers.
每年，消费者杂志（像《消费观察》和《消费报告》）都发布用户对主要计算机制造商的总体满意度。
3. Windows XP was full of security issues, and thus had new up-dates coming out very often in order to patch these security holes.
Windows XP中有很多安全问题，因此，发布新版本的目的是为了补上这些安全漏洞。
4. The programming languages are a vocabulary and set of grammatical rules for instructing a computer to perform specific tasks.
程序设计语言是用来指示计算机完成特定任务的符号集和语法规则。
（二）Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.（将下段文章翻译成汉语。）（共10分）
Instant messaging is like having a real-time conversation with another person or a group of people. When you type and send an instant message, the message is immediately visible to all participants. Unlike E-mail, all participants have to be online (connected to the Internet) and in front of their computers at the same time. Communicating by means of instant messaging is called chatting.
即时消息就像与另一个人或者一群人进行实时交谈一样。当你打下并且发送一条即时消息时，所有参与者立刻会看到这条消息。与电子邮件不同，所有参与者必须在线（连接到因特网上），并且同时坐在他们各自的计算机面前。通过即时消息进行交流成为聊天。
Ⅳ. Composition（作文）（共20分）
Please write a composition in 150 words to introduce about the computer briefly. 请写一篇150单词左右的文章，简要介绍计算机。
参考： Commonly known as the computer, a computer (computer) is a kind of used for electronic computing machines, high-speed computing numerical calculation can be done, and we can do logic, also has the memory function. Is able to run according to the program, automatic, high-speed processing mass data of modern intelligent electronic equipment. Composed of hardware system and software system, not install any software in the computer called the bare machine. Can be divided into super computer, industrial control computer, network computer, personal computer, an embedded computer five categories, more advanced computer has biological computer, photon computer, quantum computer, etc.
译文：计算机（computer）俗称电脑，是一种用于高速计算的电子计算机器，可以进行数值计算，又可以进行逻辑计算，还具有存储记忆功能。是能够按照程序运行，自动、高速处理海量数据的现代化智能电子设备。由硬件系统和软件系统所组成，没有安装任何软件的计算机称为裸机。可分为超级计算机、工业控制计算机、网络计算机、个人计算机、嵌入式计算机五类，较先进的计算机有生物计算机、光子计算机、量子计算机等。
(完整版)化学类专业英语词汇.doc
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化学专业英语试卷B答案
, 每小题2分，共
20分） 1、 NaCN Sodium cyanide 2、 Ba(OH)2 Barium hydroxide 3、 KMnO 4 Potassium permanganate 4、 H 2SO 4 Sulfuric acid 5、 ZnSO 4 zinc sulfate or zinc sulphate 6、 FeS Iron (II) sulfide or Ferrous sulfide 7、 H 3PO 4 phosphoric acid 8、 H 2SO 3 Sulfurous acid 9、 HClO 4 Perchloric acid 10、FeCl 3 iron (III) chloride or ferric chloride 二、给下列有机化合物的英语名称（共5小题, 每小题4分，共20分） 1. 甲乙醚 ethyl methyl ether 2. 对甲基苯酚 4-methyl phenol 3. 苯乙烯 styrene 4. CH 3CH ＝C(CH 2CH 3) CH 2 OH 2-ethyl-2-buten-1-ol 5. (CH 3)3CCH 2CH 2OH 4,4-dimethyl-1-butanol or 4,4-dimethyl butanol 三、英译汉（共10小题, 每小题4分，共40分） 1、 Carbon-sodium and carbon-potassium bonds are largely ionic in character; carbon-lead, carbon-tin, carbon-thallium and carbon-mercury bonds are essentially covalent. 碳-钠键和碳-钾键有较大的离子性，碳-铅键，碳-锡键，碳-铊键和碳-汞键基本上属于共价键。 2、 The reactivity of organometallic compounds increases with the percent ionic character of the carbon-metal bond. 金属有机化合物的反应活性随着碳金属键中离子性所占的百分数的增大而增强。 3、 Organometallic compounds of lithium and magnesium are of great importance in organic synthesis. 锂和镁的金属有机化合物在有机合成上有重大的意义。
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化学专业英语-化学专业英语课-期末考试试卷含答案
化学专业英语试卷 学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共30 分，每小题 1 分） 1. Ni(ClO4)2 nickel perchlorate 3. FeCl2 iron(2)chloride 5. Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate 7. MnO2 manganese dioxide 9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide 11. NaClO sodium hypochloride 13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide 15. KMnO4 patassium permangate 17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid 19. KCN patassium cyanide 21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane 23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride 25. 中和neutralize 27. 比热容specific heat capacity 29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate 4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate 6. Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate 8. H2SO4 10. 六氰合铁（Ⅱ）酸钾 12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite 14. 草酸铅lead cyanate 16. Zn(OH)2 zinc hydroxide 18. 磷酸根phosphate 20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷 2,3-dimethylpentane 22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloctane 24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration 28. 非电解质electrolyte 30. 配位化合物complex compound 三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共40 分，每小题10 分） 1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease. 没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围。没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆。不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物。我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机。我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分。没有药物来抵抗疾病，预期寿命将低得多。 2．The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules — can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of
汽车工程专业英语》期末试卷
一、选择题 1、The four-stroke cycle operates in which order __C__. A. intake, exhaust, power, compression B. intake, power, compression, exhaust C. intake, compression, power, exhaust 2、With the piston at the bottom of the cylinder, the ___C____ valve ___________ to allow the burned exhaust gas to be expelled to the exhaust system. A.intake, closes B. exhaust, closes C. exhaust, opens 3、A car engine's job is to ___B__ A. Convert fuel into heat B. Convert fuel into motion C. Convert fuel into exhaust 4、When the crankshaft completes four revolutions for a four-cycle engine, each cylinder will have gone through ____B____intake stroke(s). A.one B. two C. Three 5、___C___ is the life-blood of the engine. A. gas B. water C. Oil 6、What is the core of a car's engine___C___ A.The spark plug B. exhaust C. The cylinder 7、What determines the size and the placement of the engine block____C____ A. The number of spark plugs B. The number of pistons C. The number of cylinders 8、In the standard engine, each cylinder has ___A___. A.four valves B. two valves C. one valve 9、A crankshaft's job in an engine is to ___C___ A. Deliver fuel to the cylinders B. Keep cylinder heads in place C. Change linear motion into rotational motion 10、The _____C___ system on an internal combustion engine provides the spark that ignites the combustible air/fuel mixture in the combustion chamber. A.starting B. fuel C. igniting 二、填空题 1.Today’s average car contains more than 15000 separate, individual parts that must work together. These parts can be grouped into four major categories: body，engine，chassis and electrical system . 2.The direction motion of vehicle is controlled by a steering system. A basic steering system has 3 main parts: steering control mechanism ，steering gear and steering linkage mechanism which connecting wheels and steering gear . 3.The location of the driving axle determines whether the vehicle is classified as rear-wheel?drive ，front-wheel?drive ，four-wheel?drive and all-wheel drive. 4.The modern clutch9 is a single plate, dry disc . It consists of five major parts: flywheel, clutch disc , pressure plate assembly, throw-out bearing , and clutch linkage.
专业英语期末考试试卷AB卷标准答案及评分标准
专业英语期末考试试卷A卷标准答案及评分标准（2009-2010第二学期） 一、Translate the following speciality vocabulary into Chinese (20×1=20) 标准答案：1.电气工程 2. 正电荷 3 .信道 4.家庭自动化 5.桌面应用软件 6.下降沿 7.波特率 8.红外线传感器9 数字信号10.激光技术 11光纤12.微处理器13振荡器14.半导体15.远程控制 16触发器17.阴极射线管18 代码错误19.波导管20.通信工程 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×1 二、Translate the following speciality vocabulary into English(10×1=10) 1.circuit 2.voltage 3.diode 4.triode 5.microwave oven 6.watchdog 7.sensor或transducer 8.current 9.transistor 10. magnifier或amplifier 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×1 四、Multiple choices. (2×10=20） 1-5 BCDBD 6-10 BAAAC 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2 五、Translate the following sentences into Chinese (5×2=10) 1、电源有两种：电流源与电压源。 2、电子元器件分为有源元件与无源元件两类。 3、激光技术是用来测量物体的存在、传感器到物体之间的距离以及物体尺寸的一种技术。 4、计算机的“大脑”被称为微处理器。 5、串行口有四种工作模式。 六、Choose the right statements according to the following passage .（true(T) or false (F) (5×2=10)） P1: 1-5 T F T F T 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2 七、Reading Comprehension(5×2=10)） 1-5 B C A D C 评分标准：得分=做对的个数×2
(完整版)化学专业英语常用词汇
☆常用： ppm: parts per million ppb: parts per billion pH: potential of hydrogen 1. 化合物的命名：规则：金属(或某些非金属)元素+阴离子名称 (1)MgCl2 magnesium [m?ɡ’ni:zj ?m] chloride (2)NaNO2 sodium nitrite [‘naitrait] (3)KNO3 potassium[p ?’t?si ?m] nitrate [‘naitreit] (4)硝酸 nitric acid (5)NaHCO3 sodium hydrogen carbonate 练习： ? FeBr2 ? (NH4)2SO4 ? NH4H2PO4
?KMnO4 ?亚硫酸 ?sulfurous acid ?H2S ?NO 2 有机物命名 ?Hydrocarbon ?{Aliphatic hydrocarbon; Aromatic Hydrocarbon} ?Aliphatic hydrocarbon (脂肪烃) ?{Alkane (烷); Alkene(烯); Alkyne(炔)} ?Alcohol 醇 ?Aldehyde 醛 ?Ketone [‘ki:t?un] 酮 ?Carboxylic acid 羧酸 ?Aromatic hydrocarbon(芳香烃) ?{benzene (苯) hydroxybenzene(酚) quinone(醌) 无机物中关于数字的写法 mono-, di-, tri-, tetra-, penta- hexa-, hepta-, octa-, nona-, deca- 一，二，三，四，五，六，七，八，九，十 有机物中关于数字的写法 meth-, eth-, prop-, but-, pent-, hex-, 甲乙丙丁戊已 hept-, oct-, non-, dec-, cyclo-, poly- 庚辛壬葵环聚 练习 ?甲烷乙炔 ?丙酮丁醇 ?戊烷己烯 ?庚醛辛烷 ?2-甲基壬酸 3,5-二乙基癸醇
化学专业英语化学专业英语课期末考试试卷含答案
化学专业英语化学专业英语课期末考试试卷含 答案 文档编制序号：[KKIDT-LLE0828-LLETD298-POI08]
化学专业英语试卷 学号：姓名：成绩: 一：把下列单词或词组译成英文（本题共 30 分，每小题 1 分） 1. Ni(ClO4)2 nickel perchlorate 3. FeCl2 iron(2)chloride 5. Al(NO3)3 aluminum nitrate 7. MnO2 manganese dioxide 9. N2O3 dinatrogen trioxide 11. NaClO sodium hypochloride 13. P2O5 diphosphorous pentaoxide 15. KMnO4 patassium permangate 17. 盐酸hydrochloric acid 19. KCN patassium cyanide 21. 5-甲基-4-丙基壬烷5-methyl-4-propylnonaane 23. 四氯化碳carbon tetrachloride 25. 中和neutralize 27. 比热容specific heat capacity 29. 酸酐anhytride 2. CuSO4 copper sulfate 4. CoCO3 cobalt carbate 6. Ca(C2H3O2)2 calcium acetate 8. H2SO4 10. 六氰合铁（Ⅱ）酸钾 12. Ag2SO3 sliver sulfite 14. 草酸铅 lead cyanate 16. Zn(OH)2 zinc hydroxide 18. 磷酸根 phosphate 20. 2,3-二甲基戊烷2,3-dimethylpentane 22. 2,3,7-三甲基-5-乙基辛烷2,3,7-trimethyl-5-ethyloctane 24. 石蕊试纸litmus paper 26. 滴定titration 28. 非电解质electrolyte 30. 配位化合物complex compound 三. 把下列短文译成汉语（本题共 40 分，每小题 10 分） 1. Without chemistry our lives would be unrecognisable, for chemistry is at work all around us. Think what life would be like without chemistry - there would be no plastics, no electricity and no protective paints for our homes. There would be no synthetic fibres to clothe us and no fertilisers to help us produce enough food. We wouldn’t be able to travel because there would be no metal, rubber or fuel for cars, ships and aeroplane. Our lives would be changed considerably without telephones, radio, television or computers, all of which depend on chemistry for the manufacture of their parts. Life expectancy would be much lower, too, as there would be no drugs to fight disease. 没有化学反应我们的生活将会大变样,化学就在我们周围。没有化学生活会是什么样子——没有塑料,,家里没有电,也没有防护漆。不会给我们合成纤维,没有化肥帮助我们生产足够的食物。我们不能旅行,因为不会有金属、橡胶或燃料汽车、船只和飞机。我们的生活将会大大改变了没有电话、收音机、电视或电脑,所有这些依赖化学生产的部分。没有药物来抵抗疾病，预期寿命将低得多。 2． The first and second laws of thermodynamics and the meaning of entropy will be discussed. and expanded upon in this lesson. It will be shown that energy transformations on a macroscopic scale — that is, between large aggregates of atoms and/or molecules — can be understood in terms of a set of logical principles. Thus thermodynamics provides a model of the behavior of matter in bulk. The power of such a model is that it does not depend on atomic