2009上半年-全国商务英语翻译统一考试试题+答案

全国商务英语翻译统一考试

中级笔译试题

注意事项

1. 请首先按要求在试题卷和答题卷的标封处填写姓名、准考证号等；

2. 请仔细阅读题目要求进行答题，答案写在答题卷上；

3. 请保持卷面整洁，不要在标封区填写无关内容；

4. 答题时间为150分钟。

Part I Translate the following sentences into English or into Chinese.

1.1901年初，日本某杂志曾刊登了“20世纪的预言”一文，对百年之后的世界进行预测，结果预言的80%到今天都已经成为现实；其中包括无线电通信、汽车社会、影像的电子传送、机车高速行驶、空调的普及。

译文：In 1901, an article entitled “The Prediction of the 20th Century” was published in a certain magazine in Japan. The article made predictions about the world after 100 years. 80% of the predictions have become a reality today, among which is radio communication, a society of cars, electronic transmission of pictures, the acceleration of engines, the popularity of air conditioning.

2.外界一直认为他出任首席执行长的胜算不大，而他自己从去年夏天就在考虑退休的事情。据知情人士称，为了帮助公司抵御信贷危机，他推迟了退休的计划，目前尚无到其他地方任职的计划。

译文：The outside world have always thought that it is a long shot for him to become CEO and he has been considering retiring since the summer. He delayed his plans to help his company weather the credit crisis and has no immediate job plans, according to a person close to the matter.

3.脍炙人口的传统京剧《白蛇传》讲的是传自明朝的故事。白蛇精与青蛇精化作美女来到人间。白蛇精与一位书生相爱并生一子。他们的结合因违反传统婚姻，而遭到迫害。在《白》剧中，蛇被赋予了崇高的人性。

译文：The White Snake, none of the most popular traditional Beijing operas, is based on a story handed down from Ming Dynasty. White Snake Spirit and Green Snake Spirit metamorphosed themselves into two beautiful girls and ventured into the human world. White Snake Spirit fell in love with a young scholar and gave birth to a son. They were persecuted as their union was regarded as a violation of the conventions. The snake in the opera is endowed with the noble character of human nature.

4.一项最新调查显示，员工之间也有“代沟”，20多岁的员工很少与五六十岁的员工交流。

年长员工对年轻员工抱有一种成见，他们认为年轻员工不够称职，职业道德欠缺；而年轻员工则认为年长员工观念保守。

译文：Workers aren’t bridging the generation gap because 20-something employees rarely chat to those in their 50s and 60s, according to a new survey. Older workers stereotypically view younger workers as not as competent and not having such a work ethic, while younger workers view the older as not thinking outside the box.

5.日本需要政府大规模投资以刺激经济。日本政府已经表示，将为银行提供支撑，为企业提供援助。后续举措可能包括增加失业保险，提供更多职业培训，推出有效的公共事业项目，为节能电器和绿色能源提供减税。

译文：Pump priming is needed, and on a large scale. Japan has already said it will shore up banks and offer companies aid. Additional action might include increased unemployment insurance and more job training, useful public-works projects, and tax breaks for energy-efficient appliances and green energy.

6. The president, in giving to his most powerful and most distinguished rival the greatest place which a president has in

his power to bestow, gave an excellent proof of the nobleness of his own spirit.

译文：那位总统把自己的权力所能授予的职位，给予了他的最强大的、而又最为卓越的对手。这便是他的崇高精神的最好证据。

7. Now it seems America’s love affair with Barbie may be coming to an end—US sales of Barbie fell 15%in the first quarter this year, which combined with other problems to see overall profits at the Barbie maker Mattel slump by 73%. 译文：美国人对芭比娃娃的酷爱之情似乎即将结束——今年第一季度，芭比娃娃在美国的销售额下降了15%，这个情况与其它问题一起导致了芭比娃娃的制造商——玩具有限公司Mattel 的总利润下跌了73%。

8. In time and space this report concerned an isolated fighting force in an area far removed from the West on the eve of its greatest catastrophe. The League of Nations had been destroyed when it failed to halt Japan’s conquest of Manchuria in 1931-1933.

译文：在时间上和空间上，这份报告报道的是远离处于极度灾难前夕的西方的一片土地上的一支孤立的作战力量。国际联盟在1931至1933年间未能阻止日本占领中国东北之后便宣告破产。

9.The criteria for investment immigrants are: They must have business experience and can invest large amount of money in Canada in two years and create at least one job for one Canadian. There are also people who are called self-employed, people who create their own jobs. That’s quite specific, such as artists.

译文：投资移民的标准是：要有商业经历并能在加拿大做大额投资，或2年内在加拿大创建自己的公司并为至少一个加拿大人创立一份工作。另外就是个体户，即能为自己创立一份工作的人。这很具体，如艺术家。10. One of the biggest fears for holders of respected positions is the potential loss of public esteem. Therapists say the high achiever often holds self-defeating double standards, feeling sympathetic toward the unemployed while assuming that unemployment would bring him only shame.

译文：对于坐在备受他人尊敬的职位上的人来说，他们主要担心的一点是一旦失去了现在的位子，他们可能会失去大家的尊重。心理治疗专家表示，成就非凡的人经常树立不利于自己的双重标准，一方面他会对失业者表示同情，另一方面却认为失业只会带给自己耻辱。

Part II. Translate the following passages into Chinese.

Passage 1

China is changing and readjusting itself everyday. The Chinese society is changing in the process of reforming and reforming in the process of change. During this process, problems have surfaced, among which the following four problems, in particular, are exerting the heaviest impact on China today and possibly on China tomorrow.

Firstly, the aging of the population. The population of the old and very old citizens is climbing, while the proportion of children — particularly urban children — in the whole Chinese population is declining. This will obstruct the development of our national economy, and threaten the sound development of our health care system, retirement system and other welfare systems.

Secondly, threatened employment. The continuous industrial restructuring places a stricter requirement on the entry into new jobs. The growth of the service sector, the increasing demand for skilled workers, the pressure resulting from the intensifying competition at home and abroad, the problems resulting from the rural population migrating into cities, all pose a grave threat to the employment prospects at present and in the future, as well as to an overall improvement of the lives of the people, and to an overall realization of the well-being society.

Thirdly, problems threatening families and children. The relative growth of divorce rate, a whole generation of youngsters growing up with the one-child-family background, people’s frequent changes of thei r jobs and residence, etc., all these combine to pose problems for families and children.

Fourthly, challenges to traditional social values. The phenomenon of money worship and obsession in our society,

a growing concern with self-interests and neglect of public welfare exert negative impact on people’s attitude towards many Chinese traditional virtues.

参考译文：

中国每天都在发生变化，都在调整自己。中国社会正在改革中变化，在变化中进行改革。中国社会的变化，使许多问题得到解决，同时，也产生了一些新的问题。其中有四个问题对中国人的现在甚至将来的影响作用最大。

第一，人口老龄化。老人和高龄老人的数量在增加，儿童的比例——尤其是在城市中——在减少。这将影响我国的经济发展，威胁我国的保健制度、退休制度以及其他一些福利制度的健康发展。

第二，就业问题。不断推行的产业结构调整限制了就业。服务性行业的增多，对高技术劳动力需求的不断增长，国际国内日益激烈的竞争压力，农村人口大量流人城市，这些对现阶段以及未来的就业，对全面提高生活水平和全面实现小康社会的可能性，都构成了严重的威胁。

第三，对家庭和儿童构成的威胁。我国离婚率相对增长，整整一代青年人在独生子女家庭的环境中成长，人们频繁的职业和居住地的变动等，这些都给家庭和儿童造成了威胁。

第四，对传统社会价值观的挑战。中国社会中的拜金主义，对自我的日益关注以及对公益事业的淡漠使中国的许多传统美德受到冲击。

Passage 2

He had proved himself a young man of broad human sympathy, aware of the revolutionary stirrings among China’s intellectuals, and able to meet them with some elementary use of the Chinese language. More than this, he was an activist, ready to encourage worthy causes rather than be a purely passive spectator. Most of all, he had proved himself a zealous factual reporter, able to appraise the major trends of the day and describe them in vivid color for the Western reading public.

He stood on the western frontier of the American expansion across the Pacific toward Asia, which had reached its height after a full century of American commercial, diplomatic, and missionary effort. This century had produced an increasing American contact with the treaty ports, where foreigners still retained their special privileges. Missionaries had pushed into the rural interior among China’s myriad villages and had inspired and aided the first efforts at modernization. In the early 1930’s American foundations and missionaries both were active in the movement for “rural reconstruction”, the remaking of village life through the application of scientific technology to the problems of the land. At the same time, Chinese students trained in the United States and other Western countries stood in the forefront of those modern patriots who were becoming increasingly determined to resist Japanese aggression at all costs. Western-type nationalism thus joined Western technology as a modern force in the Chinese scene, and both had been stimulated by the American contact.

参考译文：

事实证明，他是一位具有博大的人类同情心的年轻人，他意识到了中国知识分子中间革命的脉动，能够利用一些基本的汉语知识与他们交流。不仅如此，他还是一位活动家，时刻准备帮助各种可敬的事业，而不是做一名袖手旁观的看客。最难得的是，他以行动证明了自己是一位热诚的事实报道者，能够评价时局的大趋势，又绘声绘色地呈献给广大西方读者。

他站在美国跨越大西洋向亚洲扩张的西部前沿，经过美国整整一个世纪的商业、外交和传教方面的努力，这个扩张当时已经达到了顶峰。本世纪美国与各个通商口岸的联系日渐紧密，外国人在通商口岸仍然保留着他们的种种特权。传教士已经深入中国不计其数的村庄中间的农村内陆地区，启蒙并参与了旨在现代化的初始尝试。20世纪30年代初，美国的基金会和传教士在“农村重建”运动中都非常活跃，这项运动旨在通过将科学

技术应用于土地问题而重塑农村生活。与此同时，留学美国及其他西方国家的中国学生站立在哪些日益坚定地不惜一切代价抗击日本侵略者的现代爱国者的最前列。就这样，西方式的民族主义与西方技术结合了起来，成为中国舞台上的一股现代力量，而二者都是由于美国的关系而促成的。

Part III. Translate the following passages into English.

Passage 1

对于美国中等收入家庭而言，要抚养一个2007年出生的孩子至18岁，预计在食物、住房和教育方面的支出需要20.406万美元。

美国农业部称：“食物成本在子女养育总成本中所占的比重从24%下降至17%，而保育和教育成本则从2%上升到了12%。如将通胀因素考虑进去，中等收入家庭将一个2007年出生的孩子抚养成人需要26.904万美元，这其中还包括交通费、医疗费和其它必需开支。”

税前年收入不足4.58万美元的家庭在抚养孩子上的花费相对较少，预计17年的实际总支出为14.832万美元；而年收入超过7.71万美元的高收入家庭的育儿开支预计将达到29.868万美元。

虽然调查未将上大学的成本计算在内，但美国农业部发现，随着孩子年龄的增长，他们需要用钱的地方越来越多。孩子在十几岁时花销最大。

美国农业部还指出，从全国来看，西部城市养育子女的成本最高，中西部城市和农村地区最低。

参考译文：

Middle-income families can expect to spend $204,060 on feeding, housing and schooling a child born in 2007 until his or her 18th birthday.

“The cost of providing food decreased from 24 percent to 17 percent of total child-rearing costs, while child care and education expenses increased from 2 percent to 12 percent.” the Agriculture Department said, “Factoring in inflation, the grand total for middle-income families comes to $269,040. Total costs also include transportation, health care, and other necessities.”

Families making less than $45,800 before taxes can expect to spend less, $148,320 in real terms over the course of their child’s first 17 years. Those on the other end of the income spectrum, making more than $77,100 a year, will spend $298,680 in 2007 dollars on raising their ’07 child.

Even though the study does not include the cost of college, USDA found that children get more expensive as they get older. Teenagers were the most costly.

The department also noted that child-rearing costs are the greatest in the urban West, and lowest in the urban Midwest and rural areas across the country.

Passage 2

美国已经跨越了工业经济的阶段，成为世界上第一个服务型经济的国家。几乎3/4的非农业劳动力受雇于服务业。服务业的产值在国民生产总值中所占的比例已超过2/3。而且，服务业的工作往往要比从事生产有形商品的工作更能经受经济萧条的打击。从1966年至1986年这20年间，美国新增加了大约3600万个工作，比日本和西欧合起来还多。这些工作约有90%是服务性行业。在这同一时期，有2200万妇女也加入到劳动大军中来，其中有97%在服务业工作。

服务业就业率的这种爆炸性增长大部分并不是低薪的工作。这与许多经济学家、商人、工会首脑和政界人士的观点相反。这些人争论说，已经是美国中产阶级经济基础的生产性工作正在消失。他们声称，产业工人正被一大群低工资的打工仔所代替。的确，生产性工作已经减少，有些生产性工作流向了国外。也确实有一些低报酬的服务型工作已经有所增长。然而，像厨师和售货员仍然仅占美国当今劳工队伍的1%。而且，多年来发展最快的职业种类一直是“职业性的、技术性的以及有关的工作”。这些工作的报酬高于平均工资。

参考译文：

The United States has moved beyond the industrial economy stage to the point where it has become the world’s first service economy. Almost three-fourths of the nonfarm labor force is employed in service industries, and over two-thirds of the nation’s gross national product is accounted for by services. Also, service j obs typically hold up better during a recession than do jobs in industries producing tangible goods. During the 20-year period of 1966-1986, about 36 million new jobs were created in the United States----far more than in Japan and Western Europe combined. About 90 percent of these jobs were in service industries. During this same span, some 22 million women joined the labor force----and 97 percent of these women went to work in the service sector.

Most of this explosive growth in services employment is not in low-paying jobs, contrary to the beliefs of many economists, business and labor leaders, and politicians. These people argue that manufacturing jobs, which have been the economic foundation of America’s middle class, are vanishing. They claim that fact ory workers are being replaced with a host of low-wage earners. It is true that manufacturing jobs have declined, with many of them going to foreign countries. It is also true that there has been growth in some low-paying service jobs. Yet cooks and counter people still represent only 1 percent of the U.S. labor force today. Furthermore,, for many years the fastest-growing occupational category has been “professional, technical, and related work.” These jobs pay well above the average, and most are in service industries.