高考英语语法名词归纳总结
高考英语语法名词归纳总结
一、单项选择名词
1．He made an _______ to me for losing my book.
A．apology B．ambition C．appearance D．alarm
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：他为弄丢了我的书而向我道歉。A. apology道歉；B. ambition抱负；C. appearance出现；D. alarm警报。根据“for losing my book”可知，此处表示“向我道歉”，故A项正确。
2．On November 11, Alibaba sold more than 210 billion yuan ___________ goods on its e-commerce platforms https://www.360docs.net/doc/e316298190.html, and TMall, making headlines all over the world.
A．sum of B．value for
C．worth of D．profit for
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考名词短语辨析。A. sum of……的总和；B. value for物有所值（多形容质量）；C. worth of 值……的价值（多用于实际价值）；D. profit for利润为。句意：11月11日，阿里巴巴在其电子商务平台淘宝和天猫上销售了价值2100多亿元的商品，成为全世界的头条新闻。
3．As for your ________ about the shoes, sir, I will speak to the person in charge and ask him either to give you another pair or to give your money back.
A．composition B．compromise C．complaint D．concept
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。A. composition作文； B. compromise妥协； C. complaint抱怨； D. concept 概念。句意：先生，关于你对这双鞋的投诉，我会和负责的人谈谈，让他要么给你另一双鞋，要么把钱还给你。complaint about“对------抱怨”，故选C。
4．Because of the heavy snow, the researchers failed to reach their ________ on time as expected.
A．stage B．agreement
C．kingdom D．destination
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：由于大雪，研究人员未能如期到达目的地。A. stage阶段；B. agreement协议；C. kingdom王国；D. destination目的地，根据题意，故选D。
5．Som e netizens use “beat a call” as an ________ to “cheering for” to show their approval or support for others.
A．alternative B．account
C．apology D．acquaintance
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：一些网民用“打call”代替“为之欢呼”来表示对他人的赞赏或支持。A. alternative供替代的选择；B. account描述；C. apology道歉；D. acquaintance熟人。故选A。
6．With the help of the English teacher, he has made in his English writing.
A．a great progress B．much progress
C．little progress D．many progresses
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查不可数名词。句意：在英语老师的帮助下，他的英语写作取得了很大的进步。此处progress“进步”，是不可数名词，所以A/D不正确，再结合句意可知B项符合题意。
7．When people need information, from the news and weather forecasts to travel packages and academic research, the Internet is now the first______ they turn to.
A．privilege B．source C．assistance D．outcome
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。A. privilege特权； B. source来源； C. assistance帮助，援助； D. outcome 结果。句意：当人们需要信息时，从新闻和天气预报到旅游套餐和学术研究，互联网现在是他们求助的第一个来源。结合句意可知答案为B。
8．He was so nervous during the test. No ______ he didn’t pass the exam.
A．way B．surprise
C．wonder D．matter
【答案】C
【解析】词义辨析。No way没门,没办法,根本不行；No wonder难怪；No matter不管什么。他考试时太紧张了。难怪他没有通过考试。选C。
9．—How shall I take the medicine?
—You can follow the ________ on the bottle.
A．vocabulary B．speech C．lessons D．directions
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：——这药怎么吃?——你可以按照瓶子上的说明书去吃。A. vocabulary词汇；B. speech演讲；C. lessons课程；D. directions说明书，根据题意，故选D。
10．On how to improve our spoken English, Mr. Smith has given us ______.
A．many good advices B．a number of advice
C．much advice D．some advices
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查不可数名词的用法。句意：关于如何提高我们的英语口语，史密斯先生给了我们很多建议。advice为不可数名词，需要使用much或者a lot of来修饰；A项中many修饰可数名词；B项a number of修饰可数名词复数；D项advices错误，故选C。
11．The Taiyuan subway is under ____ and next year it will be put in use.
A．production B．construction
C．destination D．permission
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：太原地铁正在建设中，明年将投入使用。A. production 表示“生产”；B. construction 表示“建设”，be under construction 表示正在建设中；C. destination 表示“目的地”、“终点”；D. permission 表示“允许”、“许可”。故选B。
12．As he was not allowed to her to the shops, he wrote out a list of items for her. A．appointment B．ambulance C．accompany D．adjustment
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：由于不允许他陪她去商店，他给她列了一张购物单。A. appointment 约定；B. ambulance救护车；C. accompany陪伴；伴随；D. adjustment调整；调节。根据句意故选C。
13．Seeing the happy ________ of children playing in the park, I’m overjoyed a nd sure of the future of our country.
A．sight B．view C．scene D．sign
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：看到孩子们在公园里玩耍的快乐场面，我欣喜若狂，对我们国家的未来充满信心。A. sight视力；眼界；见解；B. view视野；意见；风景；C. scene场面；情景；D. sign标志；符号。根据语境，此处表达“看到孩子们在公园嬉戏的快乐情景（scene）”之意，scene常指包含人的活动的场景，其他三项均不符合语境，故选C。
14．Some people experience shyness as a _______ to communication, but this can be broken down gradually.
A．conflict B．taboo C．barrier D．delay
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：有些人觉得羞怯成为交际上的障碍,但这是可以逐渐克服的。分析选项：conflict冲突，矛盾; taboo禁忌；barrier屏障; 障碍；delay耽搁; 延迟。可知C符合题意，故选C。
15．—Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life?
—Living every day to the full, definitely.
A．recipe B．record C．range D．reflection
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——能告诉我你幸福长寿的秘诀吗？——一定每天都过得充实。A. recipe秘诀；食谱；B. record记录；C. range范围；D. reflection反射；沉思。根据句意故选A。
16．_________ Services at Harvard University offers support to disabled students in finding an ideal place to live in.
A．Labor B．Concept
C．Ceremony D．Accommodation
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：哈佛大学的住宿服务为残疾学生提供了寻找理想居住地的支持。A. Labor劳动；B. Concept观念；C. Ceremony典礼；D. Accommodation住宿，根据题意，故选D。
17．There is a general _____________ among teachers about the need for greater security in schools.
A．commitment B．composition C．calculation D．consensus
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：教师们普遍认为有必要加强学校的安全。A. commitment承诺，保证；B. composition作文；C. calculation计算，估计；D. consensus一致，舆论。根据among teachers about the need for greater security in schools可知，这是普遍的“舆论”。故选D。
18．_________is Virginia Woolf’s most autobiographical novel, which develops a series of thoughts rather than a plot, centering on themes like women’s role in society, death and change. A．The Garden Party B．The Green Room C．To the Lighthouse D．Daisy Miller
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：《到灯塔去》是弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫最具自传体色彩的小说，它围绕女性在社会中的角色、死亡和变化等主题展开了一系列的思考而非情节的描写。A. The Garden Party《花园聚会》；B. The Green Room《候场室》；C. To the Lighthouse 《到灯塔去》；D. Daisy Miller《黛西·米勒》。由“Virginia Woolf”可知，Virginia Woolf是To the Lighthouse《到灯塔去》的作者。故选C项。
19．—It is reported that Fan Bingbing broke the law of tax.
—Well, the ________ for her is so heavy that it is a warning to high-incomers.
A．reward B．fare C．fine D．charge
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——据报道，范冰冰触犯了税法。——嗯，对她的罚款很重，这对高收入的人来说是个警告。A. reward报酬；B. fare公共交通费；C. fine罚款；D.
charge费用。上一句说范冰冰触犯了税法，因此此处是说对她的处罚（罚款），故C项正确。
20．It's difficult to guess what his ______ to the news would be.
A．reaction B．opinion C．comment D．impression
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：很难猜测他对这个消息会有什么反应。A. reaction反应；B. opinion 观点；C. comment评论；D. impression印象。分析句子可知，应是很难猜测他对消息的反应是什么。故选A。
21．We felt it would be a good experience for our children to grow up seeing other cultures and learning to love others as a(n) ________.
A．company B．reminder C．equal D．hero
【答案】C
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们认为，让孩子在成长的过程中接触到其他文化并学会平等地爱别人是很好的体验。A. company公司；B. reminder提醒；C. equal同等的人，相等
物；D. hero英雄。as an equal 相当于equally，修饰love others，意为“平等地爱别人”，故选C。
22．If you have a good ___________ of English, it is easier for you to find a job there. A．control B．command C．conquer D．request
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你英语说得很好，那么在那儿找工作就更容易了。
A.control控制；
B. command 掌握；
C. conquer征服；
D. request请求。have a good command of 是固定搭配，意为“能驾御…，很会…”，have a good command of English，意为“能自由地使用英语”，符合句意，故选B。
23．Ever since their quarrel, there has been an unpleasant in the office. A．circumstance B．atmosphere C．surroundings D．consequence
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词。句意：自从他们吵架以来，办公室里一直有一种不愉快的气氛。A. circumstance
环境，状况；B. atmosphere大气，气氛；C. surroundings环境；D. consequence结果，后果。因为有人争吵，因此办公室的气氛和氛围不好，故选atmosphere合乎句意。故选B。
24．Lao Gan Ma is the best chilli sauce in China. The company built up its________by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price.
A．reputation B．campaign C．appetite D．occupation
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：老干妈是中国最好的辣椒酱。该公司通过不断以较低的价格提供高质量的产品而建立了自己的声誉。A. reputation名誉；B. campaign运动；C. appetite胃口；D. occupation职业，占有。由“by constantly providing high-quality products at a relatively low price”可知，reputation“名誉”符合句意。故选A。
25．You’ll find this map of great ________ in helping you to get around in London.
A．value B．effect C．concern D．vision
【答案】A
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析，句意：你将会发现这份地图在助你环游伦敦上的巨大价值。A. value价值，重要性；B. effect影响，效果，作用；C. concern关心，忧虑；D. vision视力，美景，想象力。综合句意，这份地图对于指明旅行方向是有帮助的，对游客而言有“价值”/是很重要的，故选A。
【点睛】
词义辨析的考查，可以很深入，因此单词学习不应浮于表面。本题容易误选B，因为仅凭中文释义，而认为地图在帮助环游伦敦上有“作用”/有“效果”，似乎也说得通。但假如我们查询effect对应的英文释义：1）The effect of one thing on another is the change that the first thing causes in the second thing. 2）The effects in a film are the specially created sounds and scenery. 我们就能发现词义辨析的重要性。实际上，effect在表示“作用，影响”方面，主要用于表达因果关系（cause and consequence），强调一个事物对另一个的影响，且贬义为多；而在effect表示“效果”方面，则以音响、舞台灯光、荧屏效果为主，在本题中显然均不适用。因此，吃透词义十分关键。
26．Tony put on soft music and turned down the lights in order to give a more relaxed ____ at home.
A．view B．attitude C．style D．atmosphere
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：托尼放了柔和的音乐，把灯调暗，以便使家里的气氛更轻松。
A. view视野，风景；
B. attitude态度；
C. style风格；
D. atmosphere气氛。根据语境及选项分析可知，此处指更轻松的“氛围”。故选D。
27．Tony had prepared carefully for his English examination so that he could be sure of passing it on his first _____.
A．intention B．attempt C．purpose D．desire
【答案】B
【解析】
【分析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：托尼为英语考试做了认真的准备，这样他第一次就能通过考试。A. intention意图；B. attempt尝试；C. purpose目标，故意；D. desire欲望，想要。短语on one’s first attempt意为“某人的第一次尝试”，结合句子意思比较通顺。故选B项。
28．There is little doubt that with power and ______ it comes more responsibility instead of entertainment.
A．possession B．privilege
C．association D．pattern
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：毫无疑问，权力和特权带来的是更多的责任，而不是娱乐。A. possession财产；B. privilege特权；C. association联合；D. pattern图案，根据题意，故选B。
29．We observe the tradition of having a big family dinner with a／an ____________ of delicious food on Spring Festival's Eve.
A．boom B．division
C．reputation D．abundance
【答案】D
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词辨析。句意：我们遵循传统，在除夕夜吃一顿有着丰盛美食的家宴。A. boom繁荣；B. division分配；C. reputation名声；D. abundance丰富，根据题意，故选D。
30．-- Do you agree friends you spend time with will change your life in one way or another?
-- Couldn't agree more. Hopefully our students can show great ________ in their choices of friends.
A．accommodation B．discrimination
C．reputation D．distinction
【答案】B
【解析】
【详解】
考查名词词义辨析。句意：——你同意和你在一起的朋友会以这样或那样的方式改变你的生活吗？——完全同意，希望我们的学生在选择朋友方面表现出很强的鉴别能力。A. accommodation住处；B. discrimination鉴别力；C. reputation名誉；D. distinction区别。根据“their choices of friends”可知此处表示“鉴别力”，故B项正确。
2020年高考英语语法《名词和介词》复习：单句改错
2020年高考英语语法《名词和介词》复习：单句改错1．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)The instructor kept repeating the word，“Speed up！”“Slow down！” 答案：The instructor kept repeating the word words，“Speed up！”“Slow down！” 2．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅰ)It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on the road. 答案：It was a relief and I came to a sudden stop just in the middle on of the road. 3．(2017·高考全国卷Ⅲ)When I look at this picture of myself，I realize of how fast time flies. 答案：When I look at this picture of myself，I realize how fast time flies. 4．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅰ)My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. 答案：My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest honesty. 5．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅱ)If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. 答案：If we go on a trip abroad，we can broaden our view and gain knowledges knowledge we cannot get from books. 6．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅲ)The teenage year from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 答案：The teenage year years from 13 to 19 were the most difficult time for me. 7．(2016·高考四川卷)，but she has to do most of the houseworks. 答案：，but she has to do most of the houseworks housework. 8．(2016·高考浙江卷)When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. 答案：When I was a very young children child，my father created a regular practice I remember well years later. 9．(2016·高考全国卷Ⅲ)Now I am leaving home to college. 答案：Now I am leaving home to for college. 10．My soccer coach retired in last week. 答案：My soccer coach retired last week.
2017高三英语40篇语法填空题(高考新题型)
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高考英语语法总结教学提纲
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问了出来，大声说:“你们都喊我妈太太，这就是太太的太字。” 张秀才又问道:“太字的一点拿起来放在右肩上，又念什么呢?” 刘大想，我家一共三口人，起初问我自己，其次问我老娘，这一次定是问我老爹的。哼！穷秀才，你明明认得，却来难我，好在人们面前显出你比我有学问，妄想！于是他很有把握地说:“你这个人真迂腐，大家都知道，我管我父亲喊爹，这就是我爹的爹字嘛！” 批注：笑话用“从前”开头，给人一个模糊的时间，而且谁也不去追究，这是讲故事常用的手法。“从前”是什么词?“前”为方位名词，那“从”是什么词呢?这就是我们现在要学的介词。 （建议20分钟） 一、介词的定义及分类 介词（是preposition，简称prep.)，又称前置词，是英语中最活跃的词类之一，连接主语和表语。特别是一些常用介词的搭配力特别强，可以用来表示各种不同的意思。英语里大部分习语都是由介词和其他词构成的。介词在句中一般不重读。在定语从句“介词+whom/which”的结构中，不能用that 代替whom/which（不能是who）。She is a good student from whom we should learn. 介词的种类：介词分简单介词和短语介词两种，简单介词及单个介词，如in ,under ,on ,for ,after ,等，短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，如in front of ,out of ,instead of ,far from ,apart from 等。
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如：
40篇英语短文搞定高考3500单词改编语法填空1
40篇英语短文搞定高考3500个单词 1先完成语法填空，理解文章 2 识别带下划线单词，英文处写中文，中文翻译处写英文 1. Fall in Love with English 1 _______(hide) behind the loose dusty curtain, 2 _____ teenager pack ed up his overcoat into the suitcase. He planned to leave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors. He had got to do this 3 ________ he was tired of his parents’ complaining about his English study and did not want to go through it any 4 _____(long). He couldn’t get along well with English and dislike d join ing in English classes because he thought his teacher 5________(ignore) him on purpose. As a result, his score in each exam never add ed up to over 60. His partner was concerned about him very much. She understood 6________(exact) what he was suffer ing from, but entirely disagree d 7_______ his idea. In order to calm him down 8________ settle his problem, she talked with him face to face and swap ped a series of 9______(learn) tip s with him. The item s she set down helped him find the highway to studying English well. The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friend’s words. Now, he has recover ed from being upset and 10_______(fall) in love with English. 有个少年躲在积满灰尘的松散窗帘后把大衣装入手提箱。尽管外面正打雷闪电，他仍计划在黄昏时分离家出走。他不得不这样做是因为厌倦了父母对他英语学习的唠叨，不想再忍受下去了。他的英语学习总是无法取得进展，而且不喜欢参加英语课的学习，因为他以为老师有意忽视他。结果，他每次考试的分数合计从未超过60。 他的搭档很关心他，也确切地理解他遭受的折磨，但却完全不同意他的想法。为了使他冷静下来好好解决问题，她和他面对面地交谈，并交换了一系列的学习心得技巧。她写下来的条款帮助他找到了学好英语的最佳捷径。 这个少年非常很感激，并从朋友的话里获得极大的动力。现在，他已经从沮丧中恢复过来，真正爱上了英语。