过去分词作表语
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法
【英语知识点】过去分词的五种用法过去分词是分词的一种，规则动词的过去分词一般是由动词加ed构成。
用法有：1、过去分词作表语；2、过去分词作定语；3、过去分词作状语；4、过去分词作宾语补足语；5、with+宾语+过去分词结构。
过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别：过去分词作表语,主要是表示主语的状态,而被动语态则表示动作。
(1)The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday.茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.(是被动语态,表示动作)(2)The library is now closed.图书馆关门了。
(过去分词作表语)过去分词表示被动或完成,-ing形式表示主动或进行.有些动词如interest,bore,worry,surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,用-ing形式来修饰物.(3)The book is interesting and I'm interested in it.这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣。
作定语用的过去分词相当于形容词,其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成。
1.过去分词用作定语,如果是单个的,常置于其所修饰的名词之前.We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions.我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2.过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,其意义相当于一个定语从句,但较从句简洁,多用于书面语中.The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3.过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号。
The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, weled the great hero.他们举行了欢迎英雄的大会,到会的有五千多人.4.用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以转移到修饰非人的事物,这种过去分词在形式上虽不直接修饰人,但它所修饰的事物仍与人直接有关.The boy looked up with a pleased expression.男孩带着满意的表情举目而视。
被动语态与过去分词作表语
被动语态与过去分词作表语
被动语态是英语中常用的语态之一，其构成形式为“be + 过去分词”，用来表示动作的接受者或受事者。
而过去分词作为被动语态的核心部分，也可以作为表语出现，描述主语的状态或属性。
例如，在句子“这个房间被粉刷了”中，“被粉刷”是被动语态，其中“粉刷”是过去分词作为动词的非谓语形式。
如果将这个句子改成“这个房间看起来粉刷过了”，则“粉刷过了”就是过去分词作为表语，描述了主语“这个房间”的状态。
需要注意的是，作为表语的过去分词通常要与主语的时态保持一致，即如果主语是过去时，则过去分词也要用过去时态。
例如，“他感到很累”中，“累”是过去分词作为表语，因为主语是过去式“他”。
除了被动语态外，过去分词还可以作为完成时态和现在完成时态的非谓语形式，用来描述动作的完成或已经发生的状态。
因此，掌握过去分词的用法和搭配，对于英语语法和写作都有重要的意义。
- 1 -。
过去分词做定语和表语
结论3. 少数表示位移或状态改变的不及物动词的 完成 过去分词只有________置定语？
什么时候用后置定语？
二、过去分词作定语的位置
一颗破碎的心
a broken heart a lost dog a risen sun a broken glass
丧家之犬
语
名称 不定 式 动名 词 现在 分词 过去 主语 √ √ 宾 语 √ √ √
法
表语 √
功
能
宾语 定语 状语 补足 语 √ √ √ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
√ √
时态：完成 语态：被动
1.作状语 2.作定语 3.作表语 4.作补语
过 去 分 词
具有形容词和副词的特征
1.
He became interested in two theories that possibly explained how cholera killed people. 2. He became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to cholera. 3. Neither its cause nor its cure was understood. 4. He knew that cholera would never be controlled until its cause was found. 5. People absorbed this disease into their bodies with their meals. From the stomach the disease attacked the body quickly and soon the affected person died. 6. It came from the river polluted by the dirty water from London. 7. He told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump so that it could not be used. 8. He found supporting evidence from two other deaths that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak. 9. He suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined. The water companies were instructed not to expose people to polluted water any more. 10. Because they had been given free beer and so had not drunk the water from the Broad Street pump.
必修5unit1过去分词作定语或表语
过去分词作定语或表语【教学内容】过去分词作定语或表语【教学目标】熟练掌握过去分词作定语或表语时的不同用法【教学重难点】过去分词作定语或表语的用法、过去分词和动词的-ing形式和不定式的区别【教学过程】▼动词的-ed形式的句法功能一、作表语动词的-ed形式作表语，表示主语的某种性质或状态。
A.状态性动词的-ed形式作表语例：1.The shop has remained shut for a week.这家商店关门一周了。
2.All the people present were already seated. Waiting for the conference to start.所有到场的人都已入座，等着会议的开始。
B.形容词性的动词的-ed形式作表语注：动词的-ed形式作表语表示事物的性质，这些词往往被视为形容词，可以用very修饰。
例：1.Most of middle school students are interested in pop stars and NBA star players.大多数中学生对流行歌手和NBA明星感兴趣。
2.I was very surprised to see little Jimmy run so fast in the game.在比赛中看见小吉米跑的这么快，我非常惊讶。
【随即随练】翻译1.看完信后，他显得很忧虑。
He looked worried after reading the letter.2.商店关门了。
The shop is closed.3.她对那个故事感兴趣。
She is interested in the story.4.她觉得困惑甚至有点害怕。
She felt confused,and even frightened.二、作定语动词的-ed形式作定语有的置于被修饰词的前面，有的置于被修饰词的后面。
A.置于被修饰词的前面单个的-ed形式作定语往往置于被修饰词的前面，及物动词的-ed形式，表示被动和完成意义，不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义。
过去分词做定语 表语的用法
动词过去分词（done）做定语表语过去分词(the Past Participle )是非谓语动词的一种重要形式，其用法很广泛。
在句中作定语、表语、状语和宾语补足语等。
一、作定语一般来说，过去分词含有"完成"和"被动"的双重意义。
如:boiled water (凉开水); fallen leaves (落叶); the risen sun (升起的太阳)；spoken English (英语口语)；iced beer(冰镇啤酒)；cooked food (熟食)；fried chips (炸土豆条)等。
The tall man is a returned student. 高个子的那个人是个归国留学生。
My parents are both retired teachers. 我的父母都是退休教师。
●单个的过去分词作定语时,一般放在被修饰词之前(如上例)，也可后置。
例如：Hurry up, there is only a little time left. 快点,时间不多了。
●如果是过去分词短语作定语一般放在被修饰词之后。
如：The water and air polluted by this factory are harmful to people's health.The boy injured in the earthquake is afraid of fire.●作定语时，功能相当于一个定语从句。
例如：Near the window, there is a bookshelf filled with many books (=which is filled with many books). 靠近窗户，有一个被装满书的书架。
Most of the students invited to the garden party (=who were invited to the garden party) came from our school. 大部分被邀请参加游园会的学生来自于我们的学校。
过去分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语(19张PPT)
单个分词作定语，常放在被修饰词的前面; 分词短语作定语，常放在被修饰词的后面。
If you want to be an inventor, you must have a plan________(design) to solve a particular problem. This is not as easy as it sounds. Many ideas, ________(develop) after weeks of research , may not prove successful. Many unsuccessful approaches ________(reject), and only the most creative successful ones ________(welcome). Each idea_____(test)by you will need to _________(improve)until it leads you closer to a new invention. Once your hard work has been completed and the patent committee has approved your design, you will find your new invention________(adopt).
二、 过去分词作表语
过去分词作表语表明主语的感受或所处的状态。 如： The cup is broken. 茶杯破了。 He is retired. 他已退休。 No wonder he was so excited. 【注意】现在分词和过去分词作表语的区别： 现在分词作表语表示主语的性质和特征，意为“令人…的”, 具有主动含义，意味着“起这种作用” The work was tiring. 过去分词作表语表示主语的状态或心理感受,意为“感到… 的”, 具有被动含义，意味着“受这种影响” The workers were soon tired. 翻译： (1) The book is interesting and I‘m interested in it. (2) When we heard of the moving story, we were deeply moved．
过去分词作定语和表语
过去分词与现在分词的区别：
1.语态不同：现在分词表示主动，及物动词的过去分 词表示被动 注：不及物动词的过去分词只有“完成”含义,不表被 动 鼓舞人心的演说 受到鼓舞的观众
an inspiring speech
the inspired audience the fallen leaves
the falling leaves
二、过去分词做表语
1. 过去分词（短语）作表语时，其作用相当于 adj. 说明的是主语的状态 All the windows are broken. All hope is gone. This article is well written. He appeared more satisfied with my work.
2. 过去分词短语作定语：通常后置，其作用相 当于定语从句。 a letter written in pencil = a letter which was written in pencil
the book written by Jack = the book which was written by Jack
the machines produced last year = the machines which were produced last year
过去分词（短语）作定语可以扩展为定语 从句；反过来，其谓语为被动语态的定语 从句可以简化成过去分词(短语)作定语。
1.The books which/that have been published sell well. The published books sell well. 2. Some of the questions(which were ) raised by the students were very difficult to answer.
过去分词作定语及表语新
过去分词作定语和表语一．过去分词构成及意义：A watched pot never boils. 心急锅不开①There only seemed to be powders designed to kilt snakes.②I placed the frozen bowl over the snakes’ habitat.③The criteria are so strict that it is difficult to get new ideas.过去分词短语：可以带有自己的宾语或被状语修饰。
过去分词的否定式：not /never+v-ed过去分词的意义：一般表示完成和被动的动作。
补充：1. Given more time, I could have done it better.1及物动词的-ed形式通常带有被动完成意义或被动一般意义。
2. We should bring in advanced technology from developed countries.②不及物动词的-ed形式仅表示完成意义，没有被动含义。
•过去分词作定语、表语、宾语补足语的功能：（一）、.过去分词做定语：1.前置定语：单个过去分词后置定语：过去分词短语①The lost time can never be found again.②Is there anything planned for tonight.that are planned for tonight.注：有时表强调或left等单个动词-ed也能后置①The book left(剩余的书)are for my students.②Among those invited(被邀请的人)were some ladies.Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.作定语时可用定语从句代替He is a respected leader.= He is a leader__________________.Young people brought up in the new society can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days. = Yong people ______________________________________can’t imagine the bitter life in the old days.口诀：分词做定语的位置“定分”位置有二条，词前词后定分晓。
过去分词用法详解
过去分词的用法一、构成：规则动词的过去分词是有动词原形+ed构成的,不规则动词则有各自构成;二、基本特点：过去分词在句子中的基本用法有两点：1.与逻辑主语之间是被动关系 2.表示完成的动作三、过去分词的用法：1.作表语：过去分词作表语时,一般同时具备被动与完成的含义例如：1The cup is broken.2He is retired. 3After running,he is tired. 注意过去分词作表语时,已经变成形容词性质,主要表示主语的状态被动完成,而被动语态则表示动作.例如：1 The cup was broken by my little sister yesterday. 茶杯是昨天我小妹打碎的.是被动语态,表示动作2The cup is now broken. 茶杯碎了.过去分词作表语,表示状态注意有些动词如 interest, bore, worry, surprise, frighten 等通常用其过去分词形式来修饰人,表示“感到……”用 -ing 形式来修饰物,表示“令人……”例如：The book is interesting and I'm interested in it. 这本书很有趣,我对它很感兴趣.2.做定语作定语用的过去分词其逻辑主语就是它所修饰的名词.及物动词的过去分词作定语,既表被动又表完成;不及物动词的过去分词作定语,只表完成.1单一过去分词作定语,常置于其所修饰的名词之前,称作前置定语;例如：We must adapt our thinking to the changed conditions. 我们必须使我们的思想适应改变了的情况.2过去分词短语用作定语时,一般置于其所修饰的名词之后,相当于一个定语从句,称作后置定语;例如：The concert given by their friends was a success.他们朋友举行的音乐会大为成功.3过去分词短语有时也可用作非限制性定语,前后常有逗号.例如：The meeting, attended by over five thousand people, welcomed the great hero.4 用来修饰人的过去分词有时可以修饰与人有关的表情,面貌,举止行为以及感觉等,这时不能用v-ing形式例如：The boy looked up with a pleased expression. His satisfied look showed that he had passed this exam.3.作状语作状语的过去分词在句子中多表示被动和完成两重含义;1）时间状语：A.当和谓语动词动作同时发生时,一般仅表示被动,可以用when从句代替;例如：Faced with difficulties,we shouldn’t withdraw for any excuse.B.当表示动作发生在谓语动词之前时,通常既表被动又表完成,可用after从句代替,也可用现在分词的被动完成形式代替;例如：Caught by the police,the thief lay on the ground,crying and shouting. 2原因状语：过去分词所表示的动作多有被动和完成两重含义;例如：Written in a hurry, this article was not so good 因为写得匆忙,这篇文章不是很好.Welcomed by all the students,we expressed own true thanks to them.被全体同学欢迎,我们表达真挚的感激注意有些过去分词因来源于系表结构,作状语时不表被动而表主动.这样的过去分词及短语常见的有:lost 迷路; seated 坐; hidden 躲; stationed 驻扎; lost / absorbed in 沉溺于; born 出身于; dressed in 穿着; tired of 厌烦. 等,这种结构可以改写成一个because引导的主系表结构句子;例如：Lost / Absorbed in deep thought, he didn't hear the sound.因为沉溺于思考之中,所以他没听到那个声音.Tired of the noise,he decided to move to the country.因厌倦了噪音,他决定搬到农村去;Dressed in an orange dress,she looked more beautiful than before.穿上橘红色连衣裙,她看起来比以前更美3条件状语：作条件状语时,一般只表被动含义;相当于if引导的条件状语从句; 例如：Grown in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast. 如果种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快.4伴随情况：表示伴随谓语动词发生的另外动作,位于主语之后,用逗号隔开,可以同时表示被动与完成,例如：The mother ran across the street,followed by her little son.5结果状语：表示发生在谓语动词后的动作,位于主句后用都逗号分开,也可以同时表示被动与完成;例如：He listened to the hero’s story,moved to tears.注意状语从句改成过去分词作状语时有时还可保留连词,构成"连词+过去分词"结构作状语.例如：When given a medical examination, you should keep calm. 当你做体格检查时要保持镇定.After seated in the sofa,he bagan to feel comfortable. If permitted,he was sure to come with us.4.作宾语补足语：常见的带过去分词作宾补的动词有两类：1感官动词.如:see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, feel, notice, think等.例如：I heard the song sung in English. He found his hometown greatly changed.2使役动词.如:have, make, get, keep, leave等.例如： I'll have my hair cut tomorrow. 明天我要理发. Don't leave those things undone. 要把那些事情做完.注意：使役动词have接过去分词作宾补有两种情况.1 过去分词所表示的动作由他人完成. 例如： He had his money stolen.他的钱给偷了.被别人偷去了2 过去分词所表示的动作由句中的主语所经历.如: He had his leg broken.他的腿断了. 自己的经历5."with +宾语+过去分词"结构"with +宾语+过去分词"结构中,过去分词用作介词 with的宾语补足语.这一结构通常在句中作时间,方式,条件,原因等状语.例如:1 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied behind his back. 凶手被带进来,他的双手被绑在背后.表方式2 With water heated, we can see the steam. 水一被加热,我们就会看到水蒸气.表条件3 With the matter settled, we all went home. 事情得到解决,我们都回家了.表原因4 She stood in front of him, with her eyes fixed on his face. 她站在他面前,眼睛注视着他.表伴随5 He stood for an instant with his hand still raised. 他仍然举着手站了一会儿. 表伴随分词使用技巧一、现在分词和过去分词的两大区别：1. 现在分词与过去分词的最大差别在语态上：现在分词表主动,过去分词表被动;2. 现在分词与过去分词的第二大差别在时态上：现在分词表进行,过去分词表完成;二、现在分词和过去分词的逻辑主语逻辑主语就是与分词具有主、被动关系的名词或代词;它既可能是句子主语,又可能是句中宾语,或者是句中的表语不要理解成句子主语；它既可能是动作行为的发出者,也有可能是动作行为的承受者;如果是动作的发出者,与分词构成主谓关系;如果是动作的承受者,与分词构成动宾关系;1作状语时Seeing the teacher come in, all the students stood up. the students 是seeing的逻辑主语,主谓主动关系Heated, the metal expands. the metal是 heated的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系结论：分词作状语,其逻辑主语是句子主语;2作宾补时I saw him reading last night. him 是reading的逻辑主语,主谓主动关系 His wife found his hair dyed black. hair是 dyed的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系结论：分词作宾补,其逻辑主语是句子宾语;3作表语时The film is moving. the film是 moving的逻辑主语,主谓主动关系The visitors looked surprised. the visitors是surprised的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系结论：分词作表语,其逻辑主语是句子主语;4作定语时This is an interesting book. book是 interesting的逻辑主语,主谓主动关系The moved children looked serious. children是 moved的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系结论：分词作定语,其逻辑主语是被修饰词即中心词;5用于复合结构中时即在独立主格中与with复合结构中With the task completed, we went out to take some fresh air. task 是completed的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系Weather permitted,we’ll go skiing this Sunday. Weather是permitted 的逻辑主语,动宾被动关系结论：分词用于复合结构,逻辑主语是复合结构中的逻辑主语三、确定分词的使用的具体步骤:1、确定分词的语法成分2、找准逻辑主语3、判断主、被动关系4、选定现在或过去分词一、分词选择填空练习1. All things ____, the planned trip will have to be called off.A consideredB be consideredC consideringD having considered2. The house was very quiet, ____as it was on the side of a mountain.A isolatedB isolatingC being isolatedD having been isolated crop has similar qualities to the previous one, ____both wind-resistant and adapted to the same type of soil.A beingB beenC to beD having beenoriginated in the New World and thus was not known in Europe until Columbus found it ____ in Cuba.A being cultivatedB been cultivatedC having cultivatedD cultivating5. ____in this way, the situation doesn't seem so disappointing.A To lookB Looking atC Looked atD To be looked at6. You will see this product ____ wherever you go. A to be advertised B advertised C advertise D advertising7. ____in a recent science competition, the three students were awarded scholarship totaling 21,000 dollars.A To be judged the bestB having judged the bestC Judged the bestD Judging the best8. From the dates ____ on the plates, we decided that they were made in Song Dynasty.A markingB having been markedC markedD to be marked9. ____ to meet anybody, he went in from the back Not wishing B WishingC Not wishedD No wishing10. The editorial ____ now will appear in tomorrow's newspaper.A writingB to writeC being writtenD write11. ____ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.A When comparedB While comparingC CompareD Comparing12. The old man came upstairs with great strength, his right hand ____ a stick for support.A heldB holdingC being holdingD was holding13. ____ three times in a row, the boxer decide to give up fighting.A having defeatedB To have defeatedC having been defeatedD To have been defeated14. ____neglecting our education, my father sent me to school.A Accused ofB Accusing ofC To be accused ofD That he was accused of15. ___ mainly for the invention of the telephone, Alexander Graham Bell devoted his life to helping the deaf.A He is rememberedB While being rememberedC To be rememberedD Though remembered16. ___ on a clear day, far from the city crowds, the mountains give hima sense of infinite peace.A If walkingB While walkingC WalkingD When one is walking17. A cool rain was falling, ___ with snow. A mixed B mixing C to mix D having mixed18. ____ by the police, the kidnappers had no choice but to surrender.A SurroundedB SurroundingC having surroundedD To be surrounded19. All the exam papers ____, the teacher sent the class home.A having been handed inB having hands inC handing inD being handed in20. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.A FoundingB It was foundedC Being foundedD Founded21. There ____ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was nota comfortable place in which to live.A beB wasC wereD being22. ___ in Beijing for quite a few years, Mr. Park had little difficulty understanding Chinese.A having livedB LivedC LivingD To live23. Any packet ____ properly will not be accepted by the post office.A not to be wrappedB not being wrappedC not wrappedD not having been wrapped24. The lab ____ next year will be more advanced than the old one.A builtB to be builtC being builtD to build25. Anna was reading a piece of science fiction, completely ____ to the outside world.A being lostB losingC having lostD lost二、翻译句子练习：根据过去分词的用法翻译下列句子1.你认识那个穿着红衣服的妇女吗______________________________________________________________________ ____________________2.舒服地坐在椅子上,他在沉思.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________3.对于昨天发生的事故,我很震惊._________________________________________________________________________________________4.给予更多的关心的话,这些树会长得更好.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________5.他作了自我介绍,以便使自己被大家认识.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________6.昨天,我把衣服让人洗了.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________7.上周一,我看到你兄弟被一个陌生人打了.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________8.将书合上背诵这篇课文.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________9.我提高了声音以便使自己被听见.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________10.如果被问及,你不要说我在家里.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________11.你参加了昨天举行的会议吗______________________________________________________________________ ___________________12.从日本引进的这些种子已经坏了.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________13.我想把这封信寄出去.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________14.女工人将头发扎在后面来上班.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________15.我们没有足够的食物吃的日子一去部复返了.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________16.我们必须适应改变了的形式.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________17.用所给的动词写出两个句子.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________18.他们在看足球比赛,兴奋而又满意.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________19.他说爬山很累.但是我一点也不累.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________20.即使在森林里迷路了,他也不担心.______________________________________________________________________ ___________________。
动词过去分词作定语和表语_图文
③ He found that it came from the river polluted by the dirty water. 他发现它来自被脏水污染的河里。
Key points
“-ed” can be used as _a_t_tr_ib_u__te_ and be put before or after the noun that it modifies. eg. tired/exhausted/excited boy a boy called Tom
-ed 含有被动的意思，经常用于说明 人的感觉，汉语常译为“(某人)感到 …”。
eg. What he said was encouraging. We were encouraged at what he
said.
-ed作表语与-ing作表语 的区别
此类词常见的有：
surprising, surprised; exciting, excited; interesting, interested; astonishing, astonished; encouraging, encouraged; disappointing, disappointed; satisfying, satisfied; inspiring, inspired; pleasing, pleased; tiring, tired; boring, bored.
被动语态的过去分词动词意味很强, 句子主语为动作的承受者，后面常 跟by短语。 The glass is broken. The glass was broken by Tom.