信用证介绍双语版

Letter of credit is written undertaking by the issuing bank (the agent for the importer ) to the beneficiary (the exporter),under which the bank undertakers to pay the beneficiary a sum certain in money within a designated time period and against any stipulated terms and documents

信用证是指由开证行（进口商的代理）出具给受益人（出口商)的书面保证，确保在指定的时间内，凭规定的单据和条款向受益人付款。The main content of L/C includes:

（1)Illustration of L/C itself,such as L/C’s kinds,nature,value,time of validity ,location and so on ；

（2)Request for the goods. the name of goods,specification,quantity,packing,price and so on；

（3)Request for transport.the due date of shipping,shipment place and destination place,terms of shipping,allowing or prohibiting transshipment or partial shipment and so on;

（4)Request for document,including three kinds of documents as follows:

(1)Goods documents(commercial invoice as a center，including packing list ,quantity list ,certificate of origin,inspection certificate and so on)

(2)Transport documents(bill of lading,which is an evidence of an agent of authority of goods)

(3)Insurance documents

Except above three documents,other documents may be required,such as sample certificate and copy of shipping advice:

(5)Special clause,making different stipulation according to the change of political and trade conditions in importing countries and the needs of a specific transaction;

(6)The obligation sentences made by the issuing bank on guaranteeing to make payment provided the documents.

From the 2 to 5 condition ,they all need to be showed in document provided by beneficiary(exporter),and make sure be same as conditions of L/C.

信用证的主要内容：

（1）对信用证本身的说明，如信用证的种类、性质、金额及其有效期和地点等；

（2）对货物的要求，如货物的名称，品种规格、数量、包装、价格等；

（3）对运输的要求，如装运的最后期限、起运地和目的地、运输方式、可否分批装运好人可否中途转运等；

（4）对单据的要求，这主要分为三类：

（1）货物单据（已商票为中心，包括装箱单、数量单、产地证、商检证明书等）

（2）运输单据（提单，这是代理货物所有权的证据）

（3）保险单据

除上述三种单据外，还可能提出其他单证，如寄样证明，装船通知副本等；

（5）特殊要求。根据进口国政治经济、贸易情况的变化或每一笔具体业务的需要，可以做出不同规定；

（6）开证行对受益人及汇票持有人保证付款的责任。

第（2）~（5）各项要求，都要在受益人（出口人）所提供的单据中表现出来，并做到与信用证条款完全一致。

Payment by L/C usually goes through the following procedure:

(1)The importer applies to his local bank to open L/C in favor of the exporter;

(2)The importer’s bank issues an L/C and sends to it branches or correspondent banks in exporters’s place;

(3)The exporter’s bank checks the L/C of issuing bank received,and forwards the L/C to the exporter;

(4)The exporter effects shipment according to the L/C and prepares all shipping documents and the draft.He presents them to his local bank within the validity period for negotiation.the negotiating bank verifies the draft and documents,and makes payment to the exporter;

(5)The advising bank sends the draft and documents to issuing bank to ask for payment;

(6)The issuing bank gets draft and documents then sends them to importer;

(7)The issuing bank is called as the paying bank now ,which sends money to advising bank;

(8)After the advising bank receives money ,he sends it to the export

信用证一般经过以下支付程序：

（1）进口商要求其银行开立以出口商为受益人的信用证；

（2）进口商银行开立信用证，并将其寄给出口商国家的往来银行；（3）出口商银行收到开证行的信用证后将其递给出口商；

（4）出口商根据信用证进行装运并准备汇票及所有的装运单据，然后把汇票和装运单据递交过通知行要求议付，议付行验证汇票及单证，付款给出口方；

（5）通知行把汇票及装运单据寄给开证行要求支付；

（6）开证行收到汇票及单据后把它们递交给进口商；

（7）开证行（此时被称为付款行）把货款汇给通知行；

（8）通知行收到货款后交给出口商。