一般过去时与一般现在时的区分
一般现在时现在进行时一般过去时讲解
一般过去时态1基本用法1.一般过去时通常用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况;如：--- Where were you last week上周你在哪儿--- I was at my uncle's home in the countryside.上周我在乡下的叔叔家;2.有些情况,发生时间没有明确标明,但实际上是过去发生的,应用过去时态；另外,在谈到已故去的人时,也多用过去时;如：He bought a cat, and now they are good friends.他买了一只猫,现在他们是好朋友了;Lu Xun was a great writer.鲁迅是一位伟大的作家;2时间状语与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday昨天, last night昨晚, last week上个星期, four days ago四天前, in 2002在2002年, just now刚才, the day before yesterday前天等;如：He went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了花园;I was ten years old in 2001.我2001年才10岁;3动词的过去式在一般过去时态中会涉及到动词的过去式,大家要掌握规则动词的过去式的变化规则;其基本的变化规则如下：①一般情况下,在动词原形后直接ed;如：play –played , look –looked;②以e结尾的动词在其后加d;如：like –liked, use –used;③与辅音字母加y结尾的动词,把y变成i再加ed;如：carry –carried, marry - married;④以重读闭音节或r音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加ed;如：stop –stopped, prefer –preferred;当然,刚才提到的都是规则动词的构成,我们还学过许多不规则动词的过去式形式;如：am –was,are –were, put –put, see –saw, eat –ate等,这些可需要我们在课下牢牢记住哟一般现在时态一、定义与讲解一般现在时：表示经常性的事情,经常性的动作或一般性事实;二、一般现在时的用法表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态；表示客观事实或普遍真理；在时间、条件等状语从句中,用现在时表示将来；在某些以here,there开头的句子中,用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作三、时间状语：often 经常,usually通常,always 总是,every每个,sometimes 有时,at …在几点钟只有在第三人称单数用动词的“三单变化”,其他用动词的原形;动词三单变化规则：1.多数在动词后＋s play —plays like —likes1直接在动词词尾加-s.ask---asks work---works get---gets stay---stays2以字母s, x, ch, sh或o结尾的动词,在词尾直接加-es.watch---watches wish---wishes fix---fixes do---doesgo---goes pass---passes3以“辅音字母加- y”结尾的动词,要先变y为i再加-es.try---tries study---studies cry---cries fly---flies四、一般现在时的结构一、概念、现在进行时表说话时正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作．结构：助动词be am / is / are +现在分词.二、现在分词的构成：1.大多数动词后可在动词后直接加-ing．Eg: carry-carrying,catch-catching,drink-drinking, enjoy-enjoying hurry-hurrying ,do-doing , r ead-reading , think-thinking2.如果动词以-e结尾,则去掉-e,再加-ing,如come-coming , have-having , make-making,ride-riding,write-writing,take-taking,use-using．3. 如果动词只有一个元音字母,而其后跟有一个辅音字母时,将此辅音字母双写,再加-ing如：hit-hitting,let-letting, put-putting,run-running,sit-sitting．4. 如果动词有两个音节,且重音在第二个音节上,则末尾的辅音字母须双写,再加-ing,如: for’get-forgetting, pre’fer-preferring,up’set-upsetting．试比较’benefit/benfi ting, ’differ/differing,’profit/profiting,这些词的重音在第一个音节上,因此其末尾的辅音字母不双写．5. 以-ic 结尾的动词,应先把-ic 变为-ick,再加-ing, eg: panic/panicking,picnic/picnicking,但lie/lying ,die/dying,tie/tying是特殊变化要记住．三、句型结构：1.现在进行时的肯定形式、否定形式、疑问形式及其回答,所有变化都体现在助动词be is / am / are 上．1现在进行时的肯定形式：主语+beam/ is/are+doing+其他成分I am singing . They are writing .2现在进行时的否定形式:主语+beam/ is/are+not +doing+其他成分I am not singing . They aren’t writing .3一般疑问句及回答：beam/ is/are+ 主语+doing+其他成分Am I singing Yes ,you are . / No ,you aren’t .Are they writing Yes ,they are . / No ,they aren’t .4特殊疑问句及回答:特殊疑问词+beam/ is/are+主语+doing+其他成分What are you doing We are playing 要求就提问内容具体回答.3.说明: 不是所有动词都能用现在进行时态的,如：see、like、want、know 等动词往往都不用进行时态．四．用法：1.表示现在指说话人说话时正在发生的事情．往往与now,at the moment,just 等副词连用,以示强调．We are waiting for you What are you doingSome one’s knocking at the door．2.正在进行着的动作可视为未完成的动作;He’s talking to his friends in the classroom. 可用still 一词强调动作的持续性He’s still talking to his friends in the classroom.3. 表示长期的或重复性的动作,说话时动作未必正在进行．Mr. Black is writing another article. Don’t take that book away. Your father’s using it. She is learning piano under Mr. Black.4.现在进行时可用来表示不会长期发生的动作或情况,或被认为在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况：What’s your brother doing these days He’s studying English at Oxford University.5.现在进行时也可以用来表示当前的动向：People are becoming more and more beautiful these days.6. 表示渐变的动词有：become,turn,get,grow,run,go,begin等．The leaves are turning brow. It’s getting colder and colder. 7.与always,constantly,forever 等词连用,表反复发生的动作或持续存在的状态,往往带有说话人的主观色彩．You are always changing your mind.8. 现在进行时以及be going to可以表示为将来安排好的活动和事件We’re spending ne xt winter in China. 用arrive,come,go,leave 等动词的现在进行时描写行程安排,也通常有“将到达”和“将离去”的意思：He’s arriving tomorrow morning.9.当现在进行时表示某事发生的次数过多时,则有时含有抱怨,讨厌,赞扬等的意思：He is always singing at night,and we can’t fall asleep late at night.一、写出下列动词的过去式：二、2. enjoy_________ 5. have______三、am_____ 8. want_______ 9. talk_______四、12. take________ 13. do______ 14. get_____ 15. catch_______五、二、用所给动词正确形式填空;六、1. My mother ________buy a lot of postcards yesterday.七、2. The twins_________be thirteen years old two years ago.八、3. I ______ get up at half past six this morning.九、4. Jim _______help an old man carry his bag just now.十、5. There ______be a King many years ago.十一、6. Did you ______have a test yesterday 7. I ________come to school at seven yesterday. 8. Once he _________be a shop assistant.9. The bat _______like sleeping in the day and ______ fly out for food at night.does Mr. Lin_______live ---He _______live in the USA.11. Mother always ______do some washing after meals.twins _________ wear a pair of glasses every day.13. A plane always _______fly high in the sky.usually __________get up early in the morning.15. The two writers __________visit each other once a year.________play football every day.三、选择填空;1. My parents were having supper when I _____ back home.A. comeB. cameC. comingD. comes2. My sister ____ the Youth League last year.A. joinB. joinsC. joinedD. joining3. Father ______ his coat and went out.A. put onB. puts onC. putted onD. puted on4. The teacher _____ me a question just now.A. askB. askedC. askingD. asks5. This is my ninth birthday and I _____ eight years old last year.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are6. Did you ______ a letter to me last monthA. writeB. writesC. writingD. wrote7. Mother ______ a story about a hungry wolf yesterday.A. tellB. toldC. tellsD. telling8. --- What did he do last week--- He _______ his grandparents.A. visitsB. visitedC. is visitingD. visit9. She picked up the apples and ______ it back to the old man.A. giveB. givesC. gaveD. is gaving10. I ______ to the teacher, but I didn’t ______ her.A. listen, heardB. listened, heardC. listened, hearD. listen, hear四、句型转换：1. They visit us every day.用yesterday 替换every day改写They ________ ________ yesterday.2. He arrives late every day. 用last Monday 替换every day改写He __________ _____ ______ ________.3. I had an English class last Friday.改为_______ you _______ an English class last Friday4. It rained hard last night.改为_______________________________________________5. They played volley-ball yesterday afternoon.对划线提问___________________________________________________。
一般现在时与一般过去时用法比较
练习
1. I ___g_e_t_u_p_______ (起床)at six o’clock every day . 2. He often ___g_o_e_s_t_o_s_c_h_o_o_l_____ (上学) by bike . 3. Sometimes they __p_l_a_y____(踢) football after school . 4. He __k_n_o_w__s_ (懂)not only English but also Japanese . 5. I ____l_ik_e__si_n_g_i_n_g________ (喜欢唱歌). 6. She ___l_o_o_k_s_l_ik_e_______ (看起来像)her sister . 7. He _i_s___ always __re_a_d_y__t_o_____(准备) help others . 8. Children __li_k_e_t_o__p_la_y________(喜欢玩) this game. 9. He __li_v_e_s___(住) in the center of the town . 10.The moon ___m_o_v_e_s__ (转)around the earth and the
知识回顾 Knowledge Review
祝您成功！
things worked when he __w_a_s___ (是)a little child .
32. Lei Feng __w_a_s____ always __re_a_d_y__t_o_h_e_l_p__(准备帮助)
the people in trouble .
Hale Waihona Puke 33. I __t_h_o_u_g_h_t__(原来以为) I put my ticket in my pocket . 34. Hi ! Lucy ! I __d_i_d_n_’_t _k_n_o_w__ (不知道) you were here . 35. I _w__a_s_n_’t__ (不在)here last week . 36. _D__id__ you _h_a_v_e__a_g_o_o_d__t_im__e__ (玩得开心)last night ?
一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时
教学内容【例题精讲】例1.------ W ho is that lady?She's Miss Green. She us music, and she is so good.A. taughtB. teachesC. will teachD. is teaching 例 2. I think I'll take a bus to the meeting.A. do The bus? If you, you will be late.B. have doneC. will do例3. Unless the weather, we will have to cancel the picnic.A. improveB. improvesC. improvedD. will improve例4. We don't know if our friend .If he, we'll let you know.A. comes; comesB. comes; will come例5. Our geography teacher told us that the earth C. will come; comesthe sun.A. went aroundB. goes aroundC. is going aroundD. was going around【课堂练习】1.Look! A dog a blind man across the road.A. leadsB. leadC. is leadingD. led2.They usually TV in the evening.A. watchB. will watchC. are watchingD. watches3.He hardly up early.A. getsB. getC. doesn't getD. don't get4.John football.A. likes playingB. likes playC. like play5.Frank usually in touch with his primary school teachers by email.A. keepB. keepsC. keptD. will keep知识点二：一般过去时【知识梳理】（1）一般过去时的基本结构和变化1.定义：表示过去某时发生的动作或存在的状态。
初中英语语法 一般现在时与一般过去时
Category of the Notebook:nguage Points2.Textbook Words Collection3.Phrases Collection4.New Words Collection5.Irregular Verbs’ Past Tense & Past Perfect Tensenguage Points --- Tense (The Simple Present Tense一般现在时)一般现在时表示的是经常发生或随时都在发生的事情或永久的状况。
eg. My sister usually has breakfast at eight in the morning.一般现在时的句子结构3．一般疑问句：be/do(does)/情态动词+主语+其他？e.g. -Is she a painter?-Yes, she is. (肯定回答)-No, she isn’t. (否定回答)+ Does she like painting?+Yes, she does. (肯定回答)+No, she doesn’t. (否定回答)-Can she paint?- Yes, she can. (肯定回答)- No, she can’t. (否定回答)一般现在时的具体用法1.经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频率副词的时间状语连用。
频率副词：often/usually/always/once (twice)a day/never/every morning/sometimes/on Sundayse.g. I usually go to bed at ten in the evening. 我通常是晚上十点睡觉。
His mother takes the medicine once a day. 他妈妈一天吃一次药。
She works 8 hours a day. 她每天工作八小时。
一般现在时与一般过去时
一般现在时一．三单变化：1.多数在动词后＋s 例如：play — plays like — likes2．以s ,x ,sh ,ch , o 结尾的＋es,例如：go — goes wash — washes3．以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改成i再加es例如：fly — flies cry — cries在一般现在时中，当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式，即常在动词原形后加-s或-es。
二．哪些主语是第三人称单数呢？现归纳总结如下：一、人称代词he, she, it是第三人称单数。
如：He likeswatchi ng TV. 他喜欢看电视。
她十二点吃午餐。
It lookslike a cat. 它看起来像只猫。
二、单个人名、地名或称呼作主语；是第三人称单数。
如：①Han Mei lookslike her mother. 韩梅看起来像她的母亲。
②Beijin g is in China.北京在中国。
③王叔叔经常做蛋糕。
三、单数可数名词或"this / that / the+单数可数名词"作主语时，是第三人称单数。
如：①A horseis a useful animal. 马是有用的动物。
②This book is yours.这本书是你的。
③That car is red. 那辆小汽车是红色的。
④这只猫是露茜的。
四、不定代词so meone, somebo dy, nobody, everyt hing,someth ing等及指示代词t his, that作主语时，是第三人称单数。
如：①大家到齐了。
②Thereis someth ing wrongwith the watch.这块手表有毛病。
③This is a pen. 这是一支钢笔。
一般现在时,现在进行时,一般过去时讲解
一般过去时态〔1〕根本用法1.一般过去时通常用来表示过去发生的动作或存在的状况。
如：--- Where were you last week"上周你在哪儿？--- I was at my uncle's home in the countryside.〔上周〕我在乡下的叔叔家。
2.有些情况，发生时间没有明确标明，但实际上是过去发生的，应用过去时态；另外，在谈到已故去的人时，也多用过去时。
如：He bought a cat, and now they are good friends.他买了一只猫，现在他们是好朋友了。
Lu *un was a great writer.鲁迅是一位伟大的作家。
〔2〕时间状语与一般过去时连用的时间状语有：yesterday〔昨天〕, last night〔昨晚〕, last week〔上个星期〕, four days ago〔四天前〕, in 2002〔在2002年〕, just now〔刚刚〕, the day before yesterday〔前天〕等。
如：He went to the park yesterday.她昨天去了花园。
I was ten years old in 2001.我2001年才10岁。
〔3〕动词的过去式在一般过去时态中会涉及到动词的过去式，大家要掌握规则动词的过去式的变化规则。
其根本的变化规则如下：①一般情况下，在动词原形后直接ed。
如：play –played , look –looked。
②以e结尾的动词在其后加d。
如：like –liked, use –used。
③与辅音字母加y结尾的动词，把y变成i再加ed。
如：carry – carried, marry - married。
④以重读闭音节〔或r音节〕结尾，末尾只有一个辅音字母时，双写这个辅音字母，再加ed。
如：stop –stopped, prefer –preferred。
一般过去时_一般现在时_一般将来时课件
We have dinner at school.
5、他喜欢英语。
He likes English.
6、他是一个学生。
He is a student.
学习交流PPT
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改句子
1. Do you often play football after school? (肯定回答)
Yes . I do .
学习交流PPT
3
一般现在时:Present Simple
表示经常或者反复发生的动作
信息词：
often（经常）
sometimes（有时）
always（总是）
usually（通常）
every day（每天）
every week（每周）
every month（每月） every term（每学期）
every year（每年）
9. How many lessons _d_o_e_s__ your classmate__h_a_v_e__
(have) on Monday? 10. What time __d_o_e_s_ his mother___d_o_____(do) thehouΒιβλιοθήκη ework?学习交流PPT
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定义： 一般现在时：1、表达经常性或习惯性的动作。
3. The elephants like eating fruits.
What do the elephants like eating?
4. He sends two emails every week.
How many emails does he send every week?
How often does he send two emails?
一般现在时,一般过去时,一般将来时及现在进行时
动词时态一（一般现在时，一般过去时，一般将来时及现在进行时）【用法讲解】考试要求：英语的动词的时态共有十六种，但是中考常考的主要有八种，一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、现在完成时、过去进行时、过去将来时，过去完成时等时态的构成和用法。
本节先讲述一下一般现在时，一般过去时、一般将来时和现在进行时。
1. 一般现在时一般现在时的构成：一般现在时主要用动词原形表示，如果主语是第三人称单数，一般在动词原形后加-s或-es。
例如：I have breakfast at 7 every morning. 我每天早晨7点吃早餐。
He goes swimming on Sundays. 每周日他都去游泳。
一般现在时的用法：（1）表示经常发生的动作或者经常存在的状态。
经常和表示时间的状语often，always，usually，sometimes，every day等连用。
例如：My sister usually goes to school on foot.我姐姐经常步行去上学。
We often come to school at six in the morning.我们经常在早上六点到学校。
（2）表示某种习惯或者能力，也可以表示职业、特征等。
例如：My mother often gets up very early in the morning.我的妈妈经常在早上起床很早。
This kind of car runs very fast.这种小汽车跑得非常快。
（3）表示客观事实、客观规律或者客观真理。
例如：This kind of trees never grows in the desert.这种树从来不在沙漠里生长。
Do you know that knowledge is power?你知道知识就是力量吗？（4）在时间、条件、让步等状语从句中，表示将来的动作。
例如：They’ll be so happy when I tell them.我告诉他们时，他们会很高兴的。
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一、一般过去时与一般现在时定义及结构的区分 1)概念 一般过去时:过去发生的动作或是状态 a. 表示过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态; b. 过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为; c. 过去主语所具备的能力和性格。 一般现在时:现在通常性、规律性、习惯性的动作或是状态 a. 表示经常发生的动作,是一般情况不是具体的某一件事; b. 长期存在的一种状态; c. 永恒的事实或真理,谚语等。 2) 基本构成 A.谓语动词是实义动词时的结构: 一般过去时: 肯定句:主语+动词过去式+其他 否定句:主语+did+not+动词+其他 疑问句:Did+主语+动词+其他 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+did+主语+动词+其他 否定疑问句:Did+主语+not+动词+其他 一般现在时: 肯定句:主语+动词或(动词+s)+其他 否定句:主语+do/does+not+动词+其他 疑问句:Do/Does+主语+动词+其他 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+do/does+主语+动词+其他 否定疑问句:Do/Does+主语+not+动词+其他 注:变化最大的在于:do/does→did (过去式的动词变化) B. 谓语动词是助动词时: a. Be 动词 一般过去时: 肯定句:主语+was (were) +表语 否定句:主语+was (were) +not+表语 疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+表语 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+was (were) +主语+表语 否定疑问句:Was (Were) +主语+not+表语 一般现在时: 肯定句:主语+be动词+表语 否定句:主语+be动词+not+表语 疑问句:Be动词+主语+表语 特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+be动词+主语+表语 否定疑问句:Be动词+主语+not+表语 注意:am(I)、is(he/she/it)→was Are(we/you/they)→were 第三人称时,动词要进行变化。 注意:不管是过去时还是现在时,疑问句都需要助动词did或do. c.情态动词过去式: 一般过去时:将情态动词变成过去式,后面加原形,其他句型转变的规则与be动词基本一致。
shall― will― can—may― must― have to― 例:I can swim. 肯定句: 否定句: 疑问句: 3) 怎样从时间状语上判断一般现在时和一般过去时 一般过去时: yesterday (morning,afternoon,evening) ;the day before yesterday ; last night (week,Sunday,weekend,month,winter,year,century 世纪);ago ;
this morning/afternoon/evening just now ;the other day -- a few days ago; at the age of 10 (过去年龄段);in the old days 一般现在时: always,usually,,every morning/night/evening/day/week,often,sometimes, twice a week, , seldom, once a month, ever, never
4) 一般过去时与一般现在时动词的变化规则: 一般过去时: A. 规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则: ①一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如:look-looked。 ②以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,去e再加-ed。如:live-lived。 ③末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ed。 如:stop-stopped。 ④末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词,先变y为i,然后再加-ed。 如:study-studied。 B. 不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如:am(is)-was, are-were, go-went, come-came, take-took, have (has)-had等。 注: 课本后面都有不规则动词的变化,需熟记。 一般现在时: a.一般情况下,加-s; b. 以s, sh, ch, x,o等结尾的词, 加–es; c. 以辅音字母+y结尾的词, 变y 为i再加es. 课堂练习 一)、写出下列动词的三单形式和过去式 三单过去式三单过去式三单过去式三单过去buy _______ _______ fly _____ _______ plant ______ _______ study ______ drink _____ ______ play_____ _______ go ______ _______ make ______ do _______ ______ dance ______ ______ worry ______ _______ ask _______ taste _____ ______ eat ___ ___ ___ __ read ______ _ _ put ________ let ______ ______ run _______ _______ keep _____ _______ have ______ find _____ ______ get ___ ___ ___ _ eat ______ ___ ___ ring _______ write_____ _______ sleep _______ _______ give _____ _______ stop ______
二). 用正确的动词形式填空 1. The children ___________ (run) everyday. 2. -I ________ up at half past six this morning. (get ) -My father always __________(come) back from work very late. 3. My mother ____________ a lot of fruit yesterday afternoon . (buy) 4. They ________ _________ a meeting yesterday. ( not have) 5. - ______ you _________ ( have) any color pens? -Sorry, I don’t have any.
6. She likes eggs, but she __________________ (not like) bread. 7. My mother (tell) me a story every night. 8. –How much meat ________ you ___________ (want) ? - A kilo, please. 9. Someone __________ (be) in the next room. 10. There __________ (be) a pen and two erasers in the pencil- box. 11. You must _________ (get) here at two this afternoon. 12. The twins _________ thirteen two years ago. (be) 13. We must __________ (help ) the teacher carry it. 14. Who __________ (teach) you English in your school? 15. The teacher is busy. He only __________ (sleep) five hours a day.
16. Near our school there _________ (be) a shop, it _________ (sell) a lot of
books. 17. What _______ he _________ (like)? 18. He __________ (teach) English in a middle school. 19. You always (do) your homework well. 20. He can ___________ (sing) this song. 21. Let’s ___________ ( help ) my mother ___________ (cook). 22. I think Li Lei must ______________ (be) at school. 23. There __________ (be) some bread and meat on the table. 24. Lily __________ (be) a Young Pioneer. 三). 句型转换 1.They came to China in 1990.(变一般疑问句) __________ they ________ to China in 1990? 2She washed the clothes last Sunday. ( 变否定句) She _________ ________ the clothes last Sunday. 3.My mother likes her students. (变一般疑问句) _______________________________________ 4.. Do you watch TV on Sunday? (用last Sunday 改写成过去时态的句子) ______________________________________________ 5.Wei Hua bought a new pen yesterday. (变否定句) She ________ ________ a new pen yesterday. 6. We had a meeting the day before yesterday. (变一般疑问句) _______ you _______ a meeting the day before yesterday? 7. They had a good time last Sunday. ________ ________ the twins _______ a good time? 8. There were some cars in front of the house just now. 否定句:There _______ ________ cars in front of the house just now. 一般疑问句:______ there _____ cars in front of the house just now? 9. He went to the zoo with his father yesterday.