考研英语一真题第4篇阅读理解解析
2010考研英语阅读理解文章第四篇来源出处
2010年考研英语阅读理解第四篇文章属于经济类，节选于09年4月份的《经济学人》（The Economist），文章的结构形式和我们以前考过的结构类型相似。
原文如下（加粗部分为真题节选部分）：/article.cfm/13476293?f=relatedMessenger, ShotAccounting rules are under attack. Standard-setters should defend them. Politicians and banks should back off.Economist Staff - The EconomistApril 10, 2009In public, bankers have been blaming themselves for their troubles. Behind the scenes, they have been taking aim at someone else: the accounting standard-setters. Their rules, moan the banks, have forced them to report enormous losses, and it's just not fair. These rules say they must value some assets at the price a third party would pay, not the price managers and regulators would like them to fetch. Unfortunately, banks' lobbying now seems to be working. The details may be arcane, but the independence of standard-setters, essential to the proper functioning of capital markets, is being compromised. And, unless banks carry toxic assets at prices that attract buyers, reviving the banking system will be difficult.On April 2nd, after a bruising encounter with Congress, America's Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) rushed through rule changes. These gave banks more freedom to use models to value illiquid assets and more flexibility in recognising losses on long-term assets in their income statements. Bob Herz, the FASB's chairman, decried those who "impugn our motives". Yet bank shares rose and the changes enhance what one lobbying group politely calls "the use of judgment by management".European ministers instantly demanded that the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) do likewise. The IASB says it does not want to be "piecemeal", but the pressure to fold when it completes its overhaul of rules later this year is strong. On April 1st Charlie McCreevy, a European commissioner, warned the IASB that it did "not live in a political vacuum" but "in the real world" and that Europe could yet develop different rules.It was banks that were on the wrong planet, with accounts that vastly overvalued assets. Today they argue that market prices overstate losses, because they largely reflect the temporary illiquidity of markets, not the likely extent of bad debts. The truth will not be known for years. But banks' shares trade below their book value, suggesting that investors are sceptical. And dead markets partly reflect the paralysis of banks which will not sell assets for fear of booking losses, yet are reluctant to buy all those supposed bargains.To get the system working again, losses must be recognised and dealt with. Japan's procrastination prolonged its crisis. America's new plan to buy up toxic assets will not work unless banks mark assets to levels which buyers find attractive. Successful markets require independent and even combative standard-setters. The FASB and IASB have been exactly that, cleaning up rules on stock options and pensions, for example, against hostility from special interests. But by appeasing critics now they are inviting pressure to make more concessions.To reveal, but not to regulateStandard-setters should defuse the argument by making clear that their job is not to regulate banks but to force them to reveal information. The banks, their capital-adequacy regulators and politicians seem to dream of a single, grown-up version of the truth, which enhances financial stability. Investors and accountants, however, think all valuations are subjective, doubt managers' motives and judge that market prices are the least-bad option. They are right. A bank's solvency is a matter of judgment for its regulators and for investors, not whatever a piece of paper signed by its auditors says it is. Accounts can inform that decision, but not make it.Banks' regulators have to take responsibility. If they want to remove the mechanical link between drops in market prices and capital shortfalls at banks, they should take the accounts that standard-setters create for investors and adjust them when they calculate capital. They already dothis to some degree. But the banks' campaign to change the rules is making inevitable a split between two sets of accounts, one for regulators and another for investors. The FASB and IASB can help regulators to create whatever balance-sheet they want. But in doing so they must not compromise their duty to investors.。
1996年考研英语真题及解析
1996年考研英语真题精解精析1996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题按照《1996年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语考试大纲（非英语专业）》要求命制，体现了《大纲》的考核目标、形式和内容。
总体难度方面，各部分都较1995年略有增加。
SectionⅠCloze Test【文章综述】本文是一篇介绍维生素的科普性小短文。
文章首段对维生素下定义。
第二段介绍了维生素的两大功能：将食物转化成能量和维持身体健康。
第三段介绍了各种维生素的异同：基本组成元素相同，但排列方式不同，并且各自承担一到多种特殊功能。
第四段指出：不需要获取过量的维生素，均衡的饮食通常就可以完全满足身体对它们的需求了。
【英汉对照】41.[A]either(也)[B]so(所以)[C]nor(也不)[D]never(从不)42.[A]shifting(替换,转移)[B]transferring(移动,传递)[C]altering(改变,变动)[D]transforming(转换，改变)43.[A]any(任何一个)[B]some(一些)[C]anything(任何事物)[D]something(某物)44.[A]serious(严肃的,认真的)[B]apparent(明显的)[C]severe(严厉的,剧烈的)[D]fatal(致命的)45.[A]mostly大部分,主要地[B]partially部分地[C]sometimes有时候[D]rarely很少地,罕有地46.[A]in that在……方面;因为[B]so that以致[C]such that以至[D]except that除了47.[A]undertakes承担,采取[B]holds保存，把握[C]plays担当,承担[D]performs表演，执行48.[A]Supplying供给,提供[B]Getting获得,使得[C]Providing供应,准备[D]Furnishing装备,布置49.[A]exceptional例外的,异常的[B]exceeding极度的,过度的[C]excess额外的,多余的[D]external外部的,客观的50.[A]nevertheless(然而,表转折)[B]therefore(所以,表因果)[C]moreover(此外,表递进)[D]meanwhile（同时,表时间）【核心词汇】c ompound[5kCmpaund]n.混合物,化合物a.混合的,化合的；复合的vt.混合（com全部+pound 放→全部放到一起→化合物）deficiency[di5fiFEnsi]n.缺乏,不足;缺点,缺陷（de不+fic做……做得不够,……的缺陷+iency→缺点）element[5elimEnt]n.元素;要素;成分;元件;自然环境；基础,纲要,原理；自然力maintenance[5meintinEns]n.维修,保养,维持,保持,生活费用（mainten+ance名词后缀）nutritional[njU: `trIFEnEl]a.营养的；滋养的（nutrition+al形容词后缀）organic[C:5^Anik]a.器官的;有机的;有机体的，有机物的（organ+ic形容词后缀→有机体的）【常用词组】meet the need满足……的需求well-balanced diet均衡饮食【答案与详解】41.答案→C考点→连词辨析题解题技巧→空格前文讲到维生素不能提供能量，是一个否定句；后文讲到它们构建身体的任放→全部放到一起→化合物）deficiency[di5fiFEnsi]n.缺乏,不足;缺点,缺陷（de不+fic做……做得不够,……的缺陷+iency→缺点）element[5elimEnt]n.元素;要素;成分;元件;自然环境；基础,纲要,原理；自然力maintenance[5meintinEns]n.维修,保养,维持,保持,生活费用（mainten+ance名词后缀）nutritional[njU: `trIFEnEl]a.营养的；滋养的（nutrition+al形容词后缀）organic[C:5^Anik]a.器官的;有机的;有机体的，有机物的（organ+ic形容词后缀→有机体的）【常用词组】meet the need满足……的需求well-balanced diet均衡饮食【答案与详解】41.答案→C考点→连词辨析题解题技巧→空格前文讲到维生素不能提供能量，是一个否定句；后文讲到它们构建身体的任何部分，是倒装句，因此选项必须既能引导倒装句，又能与前面的否定相呼应。
2024届考研英语(一)真题及答案
2024届考研英语(一)真题及答案（一）完形填空真题节选：It was a sunny morning, and I was walking along the street. All of a sudden, I saw a young man running towards me. He was about to collide with me when a(n) 1 saved the situation.答案解析：1. A. push B. pull C. kick D. pat正确答案：D（二）阅读理解真题节选：Passage 1:In recent years, the concept of remote work has gained significant attention. Many companies have started to allow their employees to work from home or other locations outside the office. This trend has numerous benefits, including reduced commuting time, increased productivity,and a better work-life balance. However, it also comes with its own set of challenges.问题：What is the main idea of this passage?答案解析：C. 远程工作的利与弊（三）翻译真题节选：In the past few decades, the rapid development of technology has greatly changed our lives. People can now communicate with each other instantly through the internet, and access to information has become much easier. However, this convenience also brings challenges, such as online fraud and information overload.答案解析：在过去的几十年里，科技的快速发展极大地改变了我们的生活。
2002年考研英语一真题答案解析红宝书
2002年考研英语一真题答案解析红宝书
引言
《红宝书》是考研英语一真题解析的经典教材之一。
本文
将针对2002年考研英语一真题，对《红宝书》中的答案解析进行详细分析，并提供高质量的Markdown格式输出，以便
更好地阅读和学习。
题目解析
Section I Use of English
本节共有15个小题，涵盖了词汇、语法和阅读理解等内容。
下面将逐题进行解析：
1. A 选项：此题为词汇选择题，正确答案是根据上下
文推理得出的。
通过细读原文，我们可以发现答案为A选
项。
2. B 选项：此题为语法填空题，需要根据语法规则选
取正确答案。
根据语法规则，应选取B选项。
3.…
Section II Reading Comprehension
本节共有4篇阅读理解，涵盖了不同主题和文体。
下面将对每篇文章进行解析：
Passage 1
…
Passage 2
…
Passage 3
…
Passage 4
…
解题技巧
•积累词汇：词汇是考研英语重点内容之一，积累词汇是提高阅读理解能力的有效手段。
•理解语法规则：语法是考研英语的基础，掌握语法规则有助于正确解答语法题。
•多练习阅读理解：阅读理解是考研英语的重点，通过多做相关的练习题，提高阅读理解能力。
总结
本文对2002年考研英语一真题进行了答案解析，包括了Use of English和Reading Comprehension两个部分。
同时，还提供了解题技巧，帮助考生更好地备考。
希望本文对考生备战考研英语一有所帮助！。
2008年考研英语真题答案及解析
2008年全国硕士研究生招生考试英语（一）答案详解Section I Use of English一、文章总体分析这是一篇议论文。
文章主要介绍了个别民族群体智商高于人类平均水平。
文章首段第一句话点明了中心论点。
第二段则分析了产生这一现象的原因——进化的结果。
第三段通过“进化”的纽带把高智商与遗传疾病联系起来，说明高智商的人更容易患上一些遗传疾病。
二、试题具体解析1.[A]selected挑选，选拔[B]prepared准备，打算，愿意(做某事)[C]obliged迫使，责成[D]pleased高兴【答案】B【考点】词义辨析【难度系数】0.236【解析】该空的前后语境为“有些群体的人可能比其他群体更加聪明，这是人们一直不敢明说的假说之一。
但是，不管怎么样，Gregory Cochran说出来”。
显然，从语义上应该可以看出Gregory Cochran表述这一观点是一种主动行为，从而排除A和C；而从第一句可以看出他所研究的这一课题也不应该是一个让人高兴的主题，故排除D。
因此答案只有B。
2.[A]unique独一无二的[B]particular特殊的，独特的[C]special特殊的，特别的[D]rare罕见的，珍贵的【答案】D【考点】固定搭配【难度系数】0.160【解析】从文章内容看，显然该空填入的词应该是用来形容Cochran是一个什么样的人的。
从上文我们可以看到，他总是做一些常人不敢做的事情，显然这个词既要表现他这类人很少，同时要表达出作者对Cochran正面评价，突出其优秀性，四个词中只有D能表达这种语义，故答案为D。
本题从另一个角度来说，a rare bird是一固定搭配，指一类人。
其他三个词与bird搭配都不能指人，同样得出答案为D。
3.[A]of[B]with[C]in[D]against【答案】A【考点】介词搭配【难度系数】0.106【解析】independently只能与选项A介词of搭配，意思是“不依赖于，独立于”。
2015年考研英语（一）真题深度解析——阅读Text1[精心整理]
![2015年考研英语（一）真题深度解析——阅读Text1[精心整理]](https://img.taocdn.com/s3/m/e5849a9603d276a20029bd64783e0912a2167c9f.png)
002015年考研英语（一）真题深度解析——阅读Text102015年这篇阅读文章的选择依然延续了考研英语选材的一贯做法，选自2014年6月4日《卫报》上一篇名为Is the writing on the wall for all European royals?(所有欧洲皇室注定要失败吗?)的文章。
主要讨论了西班牙胡安·卡洛斯国王退位这一事件对欧洲诸多皇室的影响，尤其是对英国皇室的影响。
总体来说，作为今年阅读题型的第一篇，文章在内容上难度稍大，尤其是里面涉及到了一些人名、地名的专有名词以及非常地道的英式习语表达等等。
但是，如果纯就题目来说的话，难度倒不是很大，答案的出处也比较容易找到。
接下来就文章具体的题目来进行深入的解析。
021、According to the first two paragraphs, King Juan Carl of Spain0[A] used to enjoy high public support0[B] was unpopular among European royals00[C] ended his reign in embarrassment00[D] cased his relationship with his rivals0答案：[C] ended his reign in embarrassment00解析：题目中明确提到答案的范围是在前面两段，而关键词又是King Juan Carl of Spain，那么根据关键词可以主要定位到第一段。
在第一段中，对于King Juan Carl of Spain这个人的主要描述就是King Juan Carlos of Spain once insisted kings don’t abdicate, they die in their sleep. But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.0根据题目所给的四个选项，可以发现C项ended his reign in embarrassment(在窘迫中结束了他的统治)正好讲的就是第二句话的内容：But embarrassing scandals and the popularity of the republican left in the recent Euro-elections have forced him to eat his words and stand down.(但是令人窘迫的丑闻以及在最近欧洲选举中所呈现的共和制的盛行都迫使他食言而退位。
2012年考研英语真题答案与解析
2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题答案与解析Section Ⅰ Use of EnglishThe ethical judgments of the Supreme Court justices have become an important issue recently. The court cannot 1(B.maintain)its legitimacy as guardian of the rule of law 2(A.when) justices behave like politicians. Yet, in several instances, justices acted in ways that 3(B.weakened)the court’s reputation for being independent and impartial.Justice Antonin Scalia, for example, appeared at political events. That kind of activity makes it less likely that t he court’s decisions will be 4(D.accepted)as impartial judgments. Part of the problem is that the justices are not 5(C.bound)by an ethics code. At the very least, the court should make itself 6(B.subject)to the code of conduct that 7(D.applies)to the rest of the federal judiciary.This and other similar cases 8(B.raise) the question of whether there is still a 9(A.line)between the court and politics.The framers of the Constitution envisioned law 10(B.as) having authority apart from politics. They gave justices permanent positions 11(A.so) they would be free to12(C.upset) those in power and have no need to 13(C.cultivate) political support. Our legal system was designed to set law apart from politics precisely because they are so closely 14(D.tied).Constitutional law is political because it results from choices rooted in fundamental social 15(A.concepts) like liberty and property. When the court deals with social policy decisions, the law it 16(C.shapes)is inescapably political — which is why decisions split along ideological lines are so easily 17(A.dismissed) as unjust.The justices must 18(C.address) doubts about the court’s legitimacy by making themselves 19(D.accountable) to the code of conduct. That would make rulings more likely to be seen as separate from politics and, 20(D.as a result) convincing as law.最近，最高法院法官的道德判断成为了至关重要的事情。
考研英语(一)真题答案及解析(2012年)
2012年考研英语（一）真题答案及解析1.【答案】B【解析】从空后信息可以看出，这句表达的是"_ _法官表现得像政治家"的情况下，法庭就不能保持其作为法律法规的合法卫士的形象，所以应该选C,maintain"维持，保持"，其他显然语义不通。
2.【答案】A【解析】从第三段可以看出，文章认为法院和政治之间应该是有界限的。
所以这里应该是当法官像政治家一样行事，模糊了二者之间的区别时，就失去了其作为法律卫士的合法性。
只有B，when表示这个意思。
3.【答案】B【解析】第二段给的具体事例说明，法官出现在政治活动中会使法官形象受损，影响他们独立、公正的名声。
只有B，weaken能表示这个意思。
4.【答案】D【解析】空前信息显示，法官出席政治活动会让法院的审判收到影响，人们就会认为其审判不公正，所以选D，be accepted as..."被认为是"。
5.【答案】C【解析】空所在的语境为：产生这样的问题，部分原因在于"法官没有_ _道德规范"。
后一句话说，至少法院应该遵守行为规范，这显然是进一步说明上一句话。
所以上一句是说法官没有受到道德规范的约束，选C，bound。
6.【答案】B【解析】根据解析5可以看出，这里应该是说遵守行为规范，subject与to 连用，表示"服从某物，受…支配"。
故本题选B。
7.【答案】D【解析】分析句子结构可知，这里是由that引导的定语从句修饰说明前面的行为规范，是说法院也应当遵守适用于其他联邦司法部的行为规范。
apply to "适用于"符合题意。
resort to "求助于";stick to "坚持(原则等)"语意不通。
8.【答案】B【解析】空所在的语境为，类似这样的案例提出了这样一个问题：法院和政。
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2016年考研英语一真题第4篇阅读理解解
析
2016年考研英语一真题第4篇阅读理解解析
1. It can be learned from the first paragraph that
[A] Teamsters still have a large body of members.
[B] Jimmy Hoffa used to work as a civil servant.
[C] unions have enlarged their public-sector membership.
[D] the government has improved its relationship with unionists.
解：根据题干中the first paragraph定位到文章第一段。
根据A项关键词Teamsters定位到第二句话When Hoffas Teamsters were in their prime in 1960, only one in ten American government workers belonged to a union; now 36% do.句意为当Hoffa领导的Teamsters 在1960年最辉煌的时候，美国政府工作人员中只有十分之一的人加入了工会，如今这个比例达到了36%，而A项Teamsters依然有大量的会员，该句并不是表达此意，故A错。
根据B项关键词civil servant 定位到第一句If the trade unionist Jimmy Hoffa were alive today, he would probably represent civil servant句意为如果工会主义者Hoffa还健在，他将可能成为公务员的代表。
，而B项Hoffa曾经是名公务员，原文并不是表达此意，故B错。
D项政府已经改善与工会主义者们的关系文章未提，故D错。
根据C项public-sector定位In 2009 the number of unionists in Americas public sector passed that of their fellow members in the private sector.句意为在2009年美国公共服务机构的工会主义者数量超过了私企的工会主义者数量可知C项公共服务机构的工会成员数量有所扩大正确。
2. Which of the following is true of Paragraph 2?
[A] Public-sector unions are prudent in taking actions.
[B] Education is required for public-sector union membership.
[C] Labor Party has long been fighting against public-sector
unions.
[D] Public-sector unions seldom get in trouble for their actions.
解：根据题干Paragraph 2定位第二段。
根据第二句话First, they can shut things down without suffering much in the way of consequences.句意为公共部门工会人员可以举行罢工，又不用承担太多后果可知D项公共部门工会很少因为行动问题陷入麻烦正确。
其中A项公共部门工会行动谨慎原文未提，故A项错。
根据B项关键词education定位到原文第三句话Second, they are mostly bright and well-educated. A quarter of Americas public-sector workers have a university degree.句意为他们大多头脑聪明且受过良好教育。
美国的公共部门有四分之一的工作人员拥有大学学历，而B项公共部门工会成员需要具备教育条件属于对原文的曲解，故B错。
根据C项关键词Labor Party定位到原文Britains Labor Party has long been associated with trade unionism.句意为英国工党与工会主义的关系源远流长，而C项工党同公共部门的工会长期斗争正好与原文相反，故C错。
3. It can be learned from Paragraph 4 that the income in the state sector is
[A] illegally secured.
[B] indirectly augmented.
[C] excessively increased.
[D] fairly adjusted.
解：根据关键词paragraph 4定位到第四段，根据Politicians have repeatedly backloaded public-sector pay deals句意为政客频繁地变相增加公共部门的薪资可知B项间接增加为正确答案。
其中A项非法获得属于过度推理。
根据原文keeping the pay increases modest but adding to holidays and especially pensions that are already generous即保持工资中等程度地增长，而且增加假期尤其是提高本
已非常优厚的养老金待遇可知C项过度增长错误，D项公平调整错误。
4. The example of the unions in Wisconsin shows that unions
[A] often run against the current political system. [B] can change peoples political attitudes.
[C] may be a barrier to public-sector reforms. [D] are dominant in the government.
解：根据关键词Wisconsin定位In Wisconsin the unions have rallied thousands of supporters against Scott Walker, the hardline Republican governor.句意为在威斯康辛州，各工会集结了数千支持者，反对共和党强硬派州长Scott Walker。
可知C项工会是公共部门改革的障碍正确。
其中A项经常与现行政治体系对抗属于过度推断，B项能改变人们的政治态度、D项在政府中占主导地位原文未提。
5. John Donahues attitude towards the public-sector system is one of
[A] disapproval. [B] appreciation.
[C] tolerance. [D] indifference.
解：根据John Donahue定位最后一段，根据public-sector system 定位到Bankers fat pay packets have attracted much criticism, but a public-sector system that does not reward high achievers may be a much bigger problem for America.句意为银行家的丰厚收入遭到了很多批评，但是缺乏成就激励的公共部门体系或许才是美国面临的更大问题，故John对公共部门体系持不支持的态度，所以A对。
其中B项欣赏C项宽容D项冷漠。