中考英语阅读理解解题思路与方法

中考英语阅读理解解题思路与方法(绝对精品试题，提高实战能力，值得下载打印练习)

1. 首段和尾段

一篇文章的主题句、中心思想往往出现在文章的首段或者尾段。

许多文章开门见山地在第一段就提出了要说明的对象或者要论

证的观点，而文章的最后一段一般也会对全文的说明和论证进行总结。

策略：

通过一些标志性词汇或者短语，我们可以更快地找到这些总结性

句子，如：

all in all, in short, to conclude, in consequence, i n summary, in a word, as a result, therefore, accordingly, thus 等。

主题句考查了考生是否能够把握文章大意的能力，因此是常考且几乎是必考的一个考点。

2. 长难句

长难句是阅读理解的主要难度所在，其中包含了同位语、插入语、定语、不定式、分词、各种从句等，有的句子甚至长达好几行。这些

复杂的句型也往往成为了出题的重点所在。

策略：

加强训练自己对付长难句的能力，平时有意识地去分解这些句子，理解其中的指代关系和句子层次。

3. 列举处

标志性的词汇包括：

First, Second, Third… ; Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly… Finally; First of all, Then, In addition, Further, Furthermore, Besides, Moreover…

策略：

把这些词圈起来，考题中一般会出现四个选项对比，这样非常好

在文章中找。

4. 举例处

例子往往与作者的说明与论述有很大的关联，具有重大的意义，

因此也成为了考题出处的热点。这种题目在文章中的线索非常明显，

一般都带有如下的标志性词汇：

等。

for example, for instance, take … as an example, as, such as, like

策略：

一般文章举例处的前一句或者前几句就是与该例子相关的作者

论点，所以在做此类题目的时候就需要追本溯源地往前读，才能保证

所选答案的正确率。

5. 因果关系处

表示因果关系的句子是中考英语命题者所青睐的出题来源，因为

因果句阐述了两个事件或者事实之间的内在联系，出题者为了考查考

生的阅读能力和逻辑分析能力，经常会把含有因果关系的句子倒过来

考，因此选项中因变成了果、果变成了因，考生需要注意辨别实际的

因果关系，防止受到迷惑。

表示因果关系的词语有：

because, because of, so, for, since, as, thus, therefore, consequently, in consequence, as a result; result from, result in, cause, originate from, lead to, attribute to, derive from; base, basis, reason, result, consequence 等。

6. 转折、对比、类比处

文章的转折也是体现作者观点和文章主题的地方，一些明显的转

折词包括：

but, however, on the contrary, yet, as a matter of fact, in fact, actually 等。

策略：

转折词前后的意思一般来说都是相反的，而作者会偏重其中的某

一方。因此，在阅读过程中看到转折词，最好能作上标志以方便做题

时候的查找。

特别需要指出的是，只要文章第一段中出现一组对比的概念或事

物，这个地方往往会成为考题的命题重点。

7. 特殊词汇处

中考英语阅读试题中经常考查考生对于一些词语和词汇的理解，

这些特殊词汇包括了平时不经常使用的生僻词、常见词语平时不经常

用到的意思或搭配、以及关系代词等。

策略：

解题关键在于读懂词汇所在文章位置的上下文，从而推断中其意思。

8. 数字和年代

中考阅读中经常出现对于数字和年代等细节的考查，看似容易，

但是考生经常由于疏忽大意而失掉这些最容易的分数。

其中要注意以下几点原则：

①如果出现需要进行运算的题目，一般来说文章的原始数据不是

正确答案；

②如果答案中的四个数字或者时间都与文章的某一个部分相符

合，那么要注意这些数字和时间所对应的不同问题，只选择与题目相关的那个数据；

③要注意年份和世纪之间的差别，比如1999 年就是20 世纪，2009年就是21 世纪，也就是说世纪的数字是年份的前两个数字加1。

9. 专有名词

所谓的专有名词包括人名、地名、机构名称、书籍文章影视作品

的名称以及其他专有名词。在阅读文章的过程中，每遇到专有名词可以用铅笔作上标记，以便如果在题目中出现相应专有名词可以进行快

速定位。

10. 最高级词汇

最高级词汇以及其他一些表示唯一性的词汇由于其意义的绝对

性，因而不容易产生歧义，所以也经常成为出题对象。

这些词语包括形容词和副词的最高级，以及以下词汇：

only, sole (solely), mere (merely), sheer, simply, entirely, absolutely, just, always, forever, never, none, must, all, any (anyone, anybody,

anywhere) 等。

11.引用处

说明文或者议论文中经常引用他人的观点来支持、佐证作者的观点。引文有可能是从正面来支持作者的观点，也有可能是作者通过驳斥反面观点从而论证自己的观点。因此，引文间接地表达了作者自己的观点，有一定的隐蔽性和迷惑性，所以也是出题考查的热点地区，

通常会考查考生的推理能力和对作者态度观点的判断能力。

12.段首和段尾

无论是说明文还是议论文，一篇文章往往会分成几个部分或层次进行说明和论证，每一个段落一般都是一个部分或者层次。英美人写文章的逻辑性非常强，文章结构都非常规范，因此每个段落的首句和尾句也经常是该段落的中心思想句，因此也是出题的重点区域，涉及的问题包括了中心思想题、推理判断题和细节题等。下文也将会提到，在进行快速阅读的时候，考生只需要浏览文章每一段的第一句话就大

致能够判断这篇文章的中心思想和主旨。

13.特殊标点符号

有一些特殊的标点符号也经常成为出题的对象，因此考生应该对以下标点符号的用法较为熟悉：冒号、括号、破折号以及引号。

逗号：两个逗号之间的内容、或者一个逗号后面的内容，通常都

起到补充说明第一个逗号前面内容的作用。

冒号：冒号后面的内容通常都是用来解释说明前面的内容，例如前面是抽象的概念后面就是对这个概念的具体说明。

括号：括号中间的内容通常用来解释或补充说明括号前面的内容。

破折号：两个破折号之间的内容、或者一个破折号后面的内容，

通常表示解释说明或者补充说明。

引号：表示引用他人的观点，一般用来从正面或者反面支持作者

的观点。

阅读巩固练习

（一）

Different gestures (手势) mean different things in different countries. Sometimes a gesture that is

polite in one country is not polite in another and should not be used. Different meanings of

gestures can also cause problems in understanding what another person is trying to say. A gesture

that many people do not understand is one that uses the thumb. Most westerners will sometimes

show that they like something by holding out a closed hand with the thumb lifting in the air. This

is called give someone or something “the thumbs up”. Often, only one thumb is used, so it should be “the thumb up”.

The usual explanation (解释) for the origin of this gesture is not really correct. It says that in

ancient Roman times, when people were pleased with the way a gladiator (角斗士) had fought,

they showed their thumbs up. When they were not pleased, they gave the thumbs down. When a

gladiator was given the thumbs up, the emperor allowed him to live. When a gladiator was given

the thumbs down, the emperor ordered him to be killed.

The truth is, however, it was translated into a wrong meaning by mistake. If people wanted to save

the gladiator, they put out their hands and hid their thumbs in their hands. If they wanted the

gladiator to die, they pointed their thumbs straight at him.

( )1. Westerners lift their thumbs when they ________.

A. want someone to die

B. like something

C. want to go to a playground

D. want someone to live

( )2. Most people think that in ancient Rome, “thumbs up” meant that ________.

A. the emperor could die

B. the people wanted the gladiator to live

C. the fighting could continue

D. the people were not pleased

( )3. In fact, if people wanted a gladiator to live, they ________.

A. hid their thumbs

B. pointed their thumbs downw

C. lifted their thumbs up

D. pointed their thumbs at him

( )4. From the article we know that ________.

A. different gestures have different meanings in different countries

B. a friendly gesture is always the same in different countries

C. the meaning of “thumbs up” is the same both now and the past

D. we should often use the thumbs

( )5. The main idea of this article is about ________.

A. gestures around the world

B. closed thumbs

C. gestures in ancient Rome

D. the thumbs up gesture

（二）

American schools are quite different from those in China. In America, at the beginning of the term, students must select their subjects and teachers first.

Selecting is very important for your marks in America. So at the first term, don't select too many subjects, or you'll feel very nervous and tired. Then you have to ask for some teaching plans. There is some information about subjects, timetables, marks and textbooks. At the same time, you must choose the teachers. Different teachers have different teaching methods. If the teacher is called "killer" by the last grade, many students will give up choosing him, because this kind of teacher will leave too much homework, too many exams and giv e too low grades There is another thing after you select the subjects and the teachers. How to buy textbooks makes each student f eel hard. The textbooks in America are very expensive. Each one is about$30-50. In order to save money, many students buy some used textbooks, and some students usually borrow textbooks from the school library.

In class, discussing is very important. The teacher encourages you to ask questions or show your own opinions. They don't usually ask you to sit well. Instead, they allow you to sit or stand everywhere you like.

1. What does the understand word "select" mean?

A.Choose.

B.Like.

C.Treat.

D.Take.

2.According to the text, American students .

A.don't have to ask for teaching plans

B.don't have to choose teachers

C.would like to choose strict teachers

D. usually buy some used textbooks in order to save money

3. Which of the following is NOT TRUE?

A.Students won't choose the teacher who leaves too much homework.

B.Students won't choose the teacher who leaves too many exams.

C.Students will choose the teacher who is called "killer".

D.Students won't choose the teacher who gives too low marks.

4. What is important in American class?

A.Reading.

B.Writing.

C.Discussing.

D.Listening.

5.The passage is mainly about .

A.the differences between American and Chinese schools

B.American schools

C.the differences between American and Chinese students

D.American school subjects

（三）

America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while — then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flow more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.

Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily. Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us

warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don't show their politeness to us if it requires a great

deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous

with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to

meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly can not manage the time to do a great

deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from

the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we

arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.

For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go

to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Friendships between Americans usually extend deeply into their families.

B. Friendships between Americans usually last for all their lives.

C. Americans always show their warmth even if they are very busy.

D. Americans will continue their friendships again even after a long break.

2. From the last two paragraphs we can learn that when we arrive in America to visit an American

friend, we will probably be ________.

A. warmly welcomed at the airport

B. offered a ride to his home

C. treated hospitably at his home

D. treated to dinner in a restaurant

3. The underlined words “generous with our time” in Paragraph 3 probably mean ________.

A. strict with time

B. willing to spend time

C. careful with time

D. serious with time

4. A suitable title for this passage would probably be “________”.

A. Friendships between Chinese

B. Friendships between Americans

C. Americans' hospitality

D. Americans' and Chinese's views of friendship

（四）

Clothing is a language. It tells us about individual people: their personality, their aye, their

place in society and so on. If we want to know more about society，we can look at traditional

clothing.

The continent of Africa has a long history and a rich culture，and this is shown in traditional dress . You often find three colours一red，gold and green in the clothing. The first colour stands for the blood of millions of people who suffered as slaves(奴隶); the second is for the rich resources of the African earth; and the third represents the grasslands of home.

The patterns(图案) on the clothing also have a meaning. A common pattern is in the form of a which stands for “unity”.

Another pattern is a rectangular box, which represents cross “×”,

“strength”．

Because clothing has a strong social meaning, people are very careful in choosing what to wear. It wouldn't be good to wear the wrong clothing, or to wear clothes in the wrong way. For instance,

in Ghana, a woman should wear her waistband differently according to the importance of the social event.

Traditional dress also tells us about everyday life. African designs are famous for loose(宽松的) clothing. The climate, with the hot sun and wide temperature changes, requires that the clothes are comfortable for daily life.

Although many people wear western clothes, particularly in the big cities in Africa, traditional dress is very highly valued. This is because it has deep cultural meanings.

1. According to the passage，red .

A .represents the setting sun

B .stands for African unity

C .is chosen because it is a bight colour

D . is a reminder(暗示)of the sad history in Africa

2 . According to the passage，which sentence is NOT RIGHT?

A . The rectangular box in the pattern represents“strength”．

B . Africa has a long history and a rich culture.

C . African dress has deep cultural meanings.

D .African people seldom wear loose clothing because of the climate.

3.The passage is mainly about in Africa.

A .the history of clothes

B .modern fashion styles

C .the meanings of traditional dress

D .the materials used in traditional dress

（五）

The Silk Road is the name of different roads that long ago connected Europe, Africa and Asia. People reached these different places along these roads. Scientists believe people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago. By the time the Chinese silk trade became important in the world. The Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers. It went from Rome to China, which is from

the West to the Far East.

Merchants travelled along the Silk Road to carry silk, of course. They also carried and traded other things like spices (香料), cloth, jewels and gold. Along and around these ancient path(小路), have come many fascinating and mysterious stories.

It is said that Roman soldiers who lost a war travelled through central Asia. They decided to live somewhere near the ancient Chinese villages. Some of these Romans married local Chinese women and the legend of the blond-haired, blue-eyed tribes of China was started. Some historians believe that the people of Kashmir were taken away from their country Israel. They were prisoners (俘虏) of war almost 2800 years ago. People say that these people travelled along the Silk Road. They kept their Jewish way of life for a long time.

During its busiest period, the Silk Road allowed people from many different cultures and countries

to meet each other and mix. The Silk Road allowed the sharing of valuable things and new ideas.

It included people and trading goods from different areas. All these peoples travelled the Silk Road. And they shared goods, stories, languages, and cultures.

In modern times, the old Silk Road routes (路线) are still used, but now they are crossed by trains instead of camels and horses. There is even silk route museum in Jiuquan in China. It has over 35, 000 objects from all along the Silk Road. In this way, China protects the history of many countries and peoples.

1. It is clear that __________

A. the Silk Road was divided into Europe, Africa and Asia

B. Roman soldiers would like to travel along the Silk Road

C. people could travel to different countries along the Silk Road

D. people shared only silk on the Silk Road

2. The underlined word “Merchants” in the passage probably means_______.

A. foreigners

B. businessmen

C. soldiers

D. prisoners

3. According to the passage, ________

A. the Silk Road began with the wars

B. the Silk Road covered almost 6500 kilometers in China

C. people began to travel the Silk Road about 3000 years ago

D. people from Israel were not included among people on the Silk Road

4. The old Silk Road routes are still used because .

A. there are many old stories about them

B. the historians and scientists think highly of them

C. China will make good use of the Silk Road again

D. people can keep on traveling and trading along them

5. The best title for the passage can be .

A. Stories along the Silk Road

B. Silk Route Museum

C. Trade for Silk

D. The West and the Far East

（六）

“In my country, men usually go to restaurants on their own. They always take their shoes off

before they go in. Then they usually sit on the floor around a small, low table. In the evening they

often sing songs.”

“You usually take chocolates or flowers. But you always take an odd number of flow ers, and you

remove the paper before you give them to the hostess. You can also send flowers before you arrive.

you don’t usually take wine except when you visit very close friends.”

“We always offer our guests something to drink when they arrive, tea, coffee or perhaps water

or soft drinks. We think it is polite to accept a drink even if you’re not thirsty. If you visit som you always stay for a few drinks. When you have had enough to drink, you tap your cup or put

your hand over it. If you say no, your host will insist that you have more to drink.”

“People’s private lives are very important so they never ask you personal questions about your

family or where you live or your job. They never talk about religion or matters of finance,

education or politics, but usually stay with safe subjects like the weather, films, plays, books and

restaurants.”

difficult to know when to leave, but an evening meal usually lasts about three or four “It’s

hours. When the host serves coffee, this is sometimes a sign that the evening is nearly over, but

you can have as much coffee as you want.”

“If the invitation says eight o’clock then we arrive exactly at eight. With friends we know well, we sometimes arrive about fifteen minutes before.”

“Obviously it depends on the occasion, but most dinner parties are informal. The men don

usually wear a suit, but they may wear a jacket and tie. Women are usually smart but casual.

1. The writer of the passage is probably_____.

A. Chinese

B. Japanese

C. the English

D. American

2. What should you bring when you are invited to have dinner?

A. Wine and cigarettes.

B. Tea or drinks.

C. Money and presents.

D. Chocolates or flowers.

3. Which of the following subjects are never talked about among the people?

A. Politics, education, religion, or matters of finance.

B. Family, books or plays.

C. Weather, restaurant, or film.

D. Job, money, weather or film and play.

4. When the hostess serves coffee after the meal, it means _____.

A. the evening meal will start at once

B. the guests can stay more hours

C. the evening meal has ended, the guests should prepare to leave

D. there has not been any tea and other drinks

5. Which of the following statements isn’t right?

A. If you are invited for dinner, you should arrive on time.

B. You should take off your shoes first after you step into the host’s door.

C. The hostess always offer the guests something to drink when they arrive.

D. You should accept the hostess’ drinks even if you’re not thirsty.

（七）

Tea culture is varied in different countries by the way tea is made and drunk, and by the places for

tea drinking. How to make tea may be different. According to the ways of making tea, tea is

classified（分类）into white tea, green tea, black tea, etc. And how to prepare tea may be different,

too. In Tibet, tea is commonly boiled（煮）with salt and butter（黄油）. People may drink tea at

home or in public, for example, at tea houses.

As part of culture, tea has a relationship with history, health, education, communication and so on.

It is commonly used at social activities. For example, afternoon tea is a British custom. Families

or friends can communicate with each other while having afternoon tea.

Tea has remained a way of daily life in China and drinking tea has a lot of advantages. It makes

people less tired, clears heat in the human body and helps people lose weight.

Chinese people are good at using tea to make other things delicious. Tea, originally（最初）served

as a medicine in ancient times, is now not just a kind of drink, but also excellent seasoning（调味

品）. Here are two delicious dishes made with tea:

Tea Eggs: You can find them cooked and sold in street markets in almost every city in China.

-known dishes in Hangzhou.

Dragon Well Tea Shrimp（龙井虾仁）:It’s one of the most well

Before you drink tea, please check the following tips:

◆Drink tea hot.

◆The best time to drink is in between meals. It is bad for your stomach if you drink tea just

before meals, during meals or soon aftr meals.

◆Do not drink too much strong tea.

1. Tea has no relationship with ______ as part of culture according to the passage.

A. history

B. health

C. education

D. sports

2. Afternoon tea in Britain is a _______ according to the passage.

A. way of communication

B. hobby

C. game

D. weekend activity

3. In ancient China, tea was originally served as _______ according to the passage.

A. a medicine

B. a drink

C. seasoning

D. a dish

4. The best time to drink tea is _______ according to the passage.

A. just before meals

B. during meals

C. soon after meals

D. in between meals

5. The passage doesn’t mention _______

A. ways of making tea

B. places to drink tea

C. tools for drinking tea

D. advantages of drinking tea

（八）

Different countries have different eating habits.There is a saying “Eat good things for breakfas

eat a big meal for lunch, but eat less at dinner.” in China.Many Americans agr

ee that one should start the day with a good breakfast, but their ideas about lunch and dinner are different.

Most Americans only give themselves a short time for lunch because they have not so much long time to have a rest at noon. So they eat a small lunch. After work they will have more time to eat a big dinner. Also a quiet dinner at home with all the family talking about their day is a way to take

a good rest after a long, hard day of work.

Eating at restaurants is also different. In China, people like to talk and laugh while eating. Very

often you can hear people talking and laughing loudly, and they just having a good time. In America it is not like this. They want a quiet place where they can eat a good meal far away from the noises of the outside world．If someone is talking too loudly, the manager of the restaurant will look at him or her angrily. If some people are talking too loudly, the manager of the restaurant may come out and ask them to be quiet.

1．Chinese and Americans have the same idea on .

A．breakfast B．lunch C．dinner D．lunch and dinner

2．Why don’t Americans eat a big lunch at noon?

A．Because that is Americans tradition. B．Because they eat too much in the morning. C．Because Americans’ lunch is small. D

．Because they have not enough time.

3．If some people are talking loudly in a Chinese restaurant, what will happen?

A．The manager of the restaurant will look at them angrily

B．They will have a good time.

C．The manager of the restaurant may come out and ask them to be quiet.

D．They will tell others to be quiet.

4．From the passage we know that________________.

A．Chinese like eating breakfastB．Americans don’t like eating lunch

C．American restaurant are often quiet D．Chinese restaurants are better than American ones 5．The best title of the passage is___________.

A．Different eating habits. B．American eating habits.

C．How to eat well D．what is good eating habits.

参考答案

1、1B 2B 3A 4A 5D

2、1A 2D 3C 4C 5B