中考英语 阅读理解 推理判断题解题指导
【K12教育学习资料】中考英语 阅读提分宝典 专题2 推理判断题 冀教版
推理判断题〖命题分析〗推理判断题要求考生在充分理解短文内容并汇集全文提供的各项信息的基础上，对文章的结构进行分析，椎断作者的意向，人物的动机、目的、性格特征，事件的前因后果，从而掌握全篇的逻辑结构。
此类题目的难度较高，要求考生在正确理解短文的关键词或句子含义的基础上进行信息整合及逻辑推理，其主要提问方式是：⑴ We can guess the writer of the letter may be a ______.⑵ We can infer from the text that ______.⑶From the letters we’ve learned that it’s very ______ to know something about American social customs.⑷ From the story we can guess ______.⑸ What would be happy if …?⑹ How did the writer feel at Vienna station ?⑺ The writer writes this text to ______.⑻ The writer believes that ______.⑼ The writer suggests that ______.〖真题范例〗（辽宁锦州）◎真题感悟本文是一篇记叙文，讲述的是Merlin制作的世界上第一双滑冰鞋是如何“隆重登场”的。
本文设题以细节题和推理判断题为主。
其中1. 4两题为推理判断题。
2. 3为细节理解题，5为主旨大意题。
答案：1-5 ADBCB〖技巧点拨〗专题训练Passage 6When I drove to work yesterday, I met a traffic jam. As I looked out of my window, a handsome young man was walking on the street. He was walking towards the bridge. There were some homeless men with their cups around there. The young man went to one of them. He brought out some money from his pocket, said a few words to him and put the money into his cup. He continued to walk and then saw another homeless man. He stopped for a minute, said a few words and then gave the man a candy.And then he saw the next homeless man. He was shivering because of coldness. The young man now stopped for a second and gave his scarf to him. He then said goodbye to him with a big smile and went away in the snow.At that moment, I was in tears. I gave this young man my best wishes with love and blessings.( ) 1. The story probably happened in _______.A. springB. summerC. autumnD. winter( ) 2. How many homeless men did the young man help in this passage?A. 2.B.3.C.4.D. 5.( ) 3. What did the young man give the homeless men?A. Some money, his scarf and a candy.B. His scarf, his coat and some money.C. A candy, his hat and his coat.D. His coat, some money and a candy.( ) 4. The man was shaking slightly because of ______.A. hungerB. coldnessC. illnessD. worries( ) 5. The writer felt __________ after seeing the young man's behavior.A. sadB. surprisedC. impressedD. interested【篇章导读】本文是篇记叙文。
2020年中考英语题型解题技巧专题03阅读技巧--主旨大意题、推理判断题(原卷版)
阅读技巧--主旨大意题、推理判断题推理判断题1. 题型特点推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。
这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。
有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。
这种类型的题主要有三种形式:语义推理题、结论推理题和出处推理题。
语义推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义,比方推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。
2. 推理判断题主要的设问方式①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that...②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage?③The writer suggests that...④The writer uses the example of...to show that...⑤What's the writer 's attitude toward...?⑥What's the writer 's purpose of writing the passage?⑦From the passage,we know...⑧The writer probably agrees that...3. 推理判断题的解题技巧中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。
有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。
英语阅读理解推理题解题思路
英语阅读理解推理题解题思路对于英语阅读理解推理题，理解文章的内容并进行推理是解题的关键。
下面将给出解题思路并提供例子，以帮助读者更好地应对这类题目。
1. 仔细阅读题干和选项在开始解题之前，确保你已经仔细阅读题目和选项。
理解问题是成功解答题目的前提。
特别要注意关键词和限定词，这些词汇可能影响到你的选项。
比如，关键词"not"、"except"、"never"等都会使选项产生相反的含义。
2. 找出信息线索阅读文章时，要有意识地寻找并标记有关信息的线索。
这些线索可能表现为具体的事实细节、描述性语言、数字或数据等。
将这些线索记下来会帮助你更好地回答问题。
3. 确定问题类型读完文章后，需要确定问题类型。
常见的问题类型包括：推理判断、插入逻辑、作者意图等。
根据问题类型，你可以更好地理解需要从文章中获取哪些信息来回答问题。
4. 分析选项在回答问题之前，对于每个选项都进行分析。
了解每个选项的含义和与文章相关的程度。
排除一些不合适的选项，尤其是那些与文章中已经提供的信息相矛盾的选项。
5. 进行推理和推断根据文章中提供的信息和自己对问题的理解，进行推理和推断。
在做出最终选择之前，确保你已经参考了文章的内容，并且你的答案是基于准确的信息推理而来的。
以下是一个例子，以帮助读者更好地理解解题思路：阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
John is a 45-year-old man who lives in a small town. He enjoys taking long walks in the countryside and reading books. He is married and has two children. John's favorite hobby is gardening, and he spends most of his free time taking care of his flowers and vegetables. In his spare time, John also volunteers at a local charity organization.Question: What is John's favorite hobby?A. Taking long walks in the countrysideB. Reading booksC. GardeningD. Volunteering at a local charity organization解析：通过仔细阅读文章，我们得知John的爱好是园艺，即花园种植。
中考英语阅读理解专项突破—— 推理判断题(含答案)
中考英语阅读理解专项突破——推理判断题Passage 1Minmi n15I live by the seaside in a stone house. My father is a fisherman. Sometimes I go fishing with him at the weekends. It is great fun! After dinner, I usually take a walk on the beach with my parents. I talk about my school life with them and enjoy the beautiful sunset. We swim in the sea when the weather is fine. I love my home and my life here.Yanya n13I live in a house made of bamboo. It has two floors. The ground floor has no walls. We keep animals like pigs, cattle and chickens on the ground floor. Our family lives on the first floor. It is a good way to keep dry. _______ The tables and chairs in my house are made of bamboo. We also eat with bamboo plates and bowls. Sometimes we cook rice in bamboo. It is very delicious. Come and have a try!Leilei 14I live on the grassland. My home is like a big tent. We can move it from one place to another. My family has 100 sheep and 60 cattle. Sometimes I help my parents look after them. We usually eat mutton and beef. They are very delicious. During the summer holiday, I often go riding on the grassland with my brother. It’s so exciting. Please come and visit my home it’s very beautiful here!1．Which sentence is WRONG about Minmin?A．His father makes a living by fishing. B．His family often ride on the grassland. C．He likes watching the beautiful sunset. D．He usually goes walking on the beach. 2．Which sentence should be put here?A．Bamboo looks so beautiful. B．Bamboo can live a very long life.C．Bamboo is used a lot in artists’ works.D．Bamboo is very important in our daily life. 3．What do we know about Minmin, Yanyan and Leilei?A．They are all teenagers. B．They live in the same style house.C．They keep animals at home. D．They enjoy the same kind of food.4．What can we infer from the passage?A．Practice makes perfect. B．Many hands make light work.C．East or west, home is best. D．The early bird catches the worm.Passage 2The little wolf, White Fang, made an enemy of the dog, Lip-Lip. Lip-Lip attacked him whenever he could. He was bigger and stronger than White Fang and always won their fights. White Fang knew that he could not win a fight against Lip-Lip. He thought that he had to do something else to teach the dog a lesson.①One day, he was playing at a river bank when he saw Lip-Lip come. He suddenly got a good idea. He pretended to be hurt and unable to run fast.When Lip-Lip ran after him, he led Lip Lip to the place where his mother stayed. When Lip-Lip got close to her, she turned Lip-Lip over and bit him until she let him go, but White Fang had a bigger problem.Lip-Lip was the leader of the other dogs. They followed him and obeyed him. None of them would become friends with White Fang. Whenever he came near them, they attacked him.②He was never allowed to play with the other dogs. This made him unhappy and angry. He often forgot how to behave well.③Several days later, White Fang saw a man take his mother in a small boat. He tried to follow them. He jumped into the river and swam after the boat. Another man came after White Fang in his boat. He lifted White Fang out of the water. White Fang tried to get away from the man, but the man hit him and threw him into the boat.④White Fang was now very angry because he wanted to be with his mother. He forgot how powerful men were, and he bit the man. The man was so angry that he beat(打) White Fang again and again. The man hurt him badly.White Fang finally learned that he couldn’t bite a man because if he did, he would be beaten badly.——Adapted from White Fang5．Why did White Fang always lose the fights with Lip-Lip?A．Because he was bigger and stronger than Lip-Lip. B．Because he was smaller and weaker than Lip-Lip.C．Because he wanted to make Lip-Lip happy. D．Because he wanted to make friends with Lip-Lip.6．What does the underlined word “pretended” in Paragraph 2 mean in Chinese?A．准备 B．防止 C．假设 D．假装7．From Paragraph 2, we know White Fang was ________.A．shy B．generous C．clever D．humorous8．It’s better to put “White Fang was always alone.” in ________.A．①B．②C．③D．④9．According to the last paragraph, we can inter(推断) that ________.A．White Fang would continue to bite peopleB．White Fang would enjoy staying with peopleC．White Fang would keep away from peopleD．White Fang would not be afraid of being beaten by peoplePassage 3There was once a very wise man who lived in ancient times. He was elderly and educated.One day while on a walk, he realized that his shoes were starting to wear out. He knew he had to buy a new pair. But he didn’t want to buy the wrong shoes. H e collected some books and spent a lot of time reading about how to know if a pair of shoes fit properly.Following the books’ instructions, the man took a stick and measured his feet with it. He then went to the market. However, he left the stick at home, which was far away from the shop.By the time the man returned to the market, the shop was closed. And by that point, his shoes were completely worn out, so he had to return home barefoot.The next morning, he walked back to the market with bare feet, but the shoes that he had chosen the day before had been sold. The wise man explained what had happened to the shopkeeper, who asked, “Why didn’t you buy the shoes yesterday?”The wise man replied, “Because I left the stick that I had used to measure my feet at home. And you have to have the correct measurements of your feet before you can buy shoes. I didn’t want to buy the wrong size.”Even more surprised, the shopkeeper asked, “But your feet are always with you. Why didn’t you just try the shoes on?”The wi se man said, “All the books say shoes must be bought with the exact measurements of the shoes you already own.”Laughing, the shop owner replied, “You don’t need advice from books to buy shoes. You just need to have your feet, some money, and some common s ense not to make things more difficult.”10．How did the man prepare to buy shoes?A．He read lots of books about making shoes.B．He used a stick to measure his feet.C．He measured his worn-out shoes.D．He asked the shopkeeper for advice.11．Why didn’t the m an buy shoes the second time he went to the market?A．Because he didn’t know his measurements.B．Because the shoe store was already closed.C．Because he forgot to take his stick along.D．Because the shoes he wanted were sold out.12．What was the man like?A．He was old and humorous.B．He was a real wise man.C．He was educated and hard-working.D．He had little life experience.13．Which sentence is TRUE according to the story?A．The man went to the market twice.B．The man bought the shoes he wanted at last.C．He returned home without shoes the second time.D．People usually measured their feet before buying shoes in ancient times.14．What does the story teach us?A．Books tell you everything you need.B．It’s necessary to get more education.C．Common sense can serve you well.D．Deal with difficult things in a simple way.Passage 4When the sun rose and the blue sky came up, my father and I used to climb the mountain near my house. Walking together, my father and I used to have a lot of conversations through whic h I learned lessons from his experiences. He always told me, “You should have goals (目标) like climbing the mountain. ” Without the mountain-climbing that we both enjoyed, we couldn’t have enough time to spend together because my father was very busy. I really got a lot from mountain-climbing. It gave me time to talk with my father and to be in deep thought as well as develop my patience(耐力).Once we climbed a very high mountain. It was so challenging for me because I was only ten years old. During the firs t few hours of climbing, I enjoyed the flowers and trees, and the birds’ singing; but as time went by, I got a pain in both of my legs. I wanted to quit climbing. In fact, I hated it at that moment, but my father said to me, “You can always see a beautiful sky at the top of the mountain, but you can’t see it before you reach the top. Only there at the top, can you see all of the nice things, just like in life. ”At that time, I was too young to understand his words. But later after that, I got new hope and confidence. I found myself standing at the top of the mountain. And there, I could see the whole of the sky, which was as clear as crystal(水晶).15．The passage tells us that mountain-climbing was ________ for the father and the son.A．hard B．enjoyable C．painful D．comfortable16．The word “quit” in the passage means “________”.A．keep on B．put off C．give up D．pick up17．Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the father’s words in the second paragraph?A．You will get all you need at the top of the mountain. B．The sky is always as clear as crystal.C．You can find life is full of nice things. D．Never give up half-way.18．We can infer from the last paragraph that ________.A．the writer was very successful in his life B．the writer reached the top of the mountain C．though the writer was young, he could understand his father D．the writer used to stop half-way when he climbed the mountain19．The best title for the passage is “________”.A．Reaching the Top of the Mountain B．Standing at the Top of the MountainC．Conversations between the father and the son D．How to Get to the Top of the MountainPassage 5The title: __________20．We had to stay at home because ________.A．we didn’t want to go out B．we wanted to avoid the illnessC．we didn’t want to work D．we had enough food21．According to the poem, the drivers were ________.A．kind B．awful C．funny D．polite22．Which can be the best for ________?A．scientists B．officers C．doctors and nurses D．drivers23．Why did the Youth write this poem?A．To show praises. B．To show regrets. C．To show worries. D．To showwishes.24．What’s the best title for the poem?A．To the politest people. B．To the most beautiful people.C．To the cleverest people. D．To the most humorous people.Passage 6Facial recognition technology (人脸识别技术) is widely used today. For example, the police use it to search for bad guys. It’s also used to unloc k phones or doors.Now, a similar technology, known as facial detection (探测), is entering a new field: the business of advertising (广告).Such systems are going through tests in a small number of stores. One facial detection system can judge (判断) a person’s “happiness” or “fear” level. Another system can detect whether someone is wearing eyeglasses. If so, stores can send advertisements for new glasses to him.Facial detection technology is also placed inside some large advertising boards. Cameras in thos e boards can detect information like people’s ages and five levels of feelings —from “very happy” to “very unhappy”.Supporters of the technology say it could improve buyers’ experience by showing products they might like or by offering them products at lower prices.Some are against the idea of using such systems. Pam Dixon, the head of a privacy (隐私) group, is one of them. She thinks ________. For example, a store could raise the price of a product according to a person’s age and feelings.However, on e store testing the technology explained people’s information like names or ages wouldn’t be stored. And the advertising board system maker said it didn’t keep any personal information or record any videos.25．Facial detection technology can judge people’s ________, according to the passage.A．weight B．feelings C．height D．hobbies26．What does the underlined word “they” refer to?A．Supporters. B．Buyers. C．Products. D．Prices.27．Which of the following sentences can be put in the ________?A．nobody likes to have their feelings collected B．it is very important to protect people’s privacyC．the strange actions may cause something unfair D．stores may use them to have more customers28．We can infer from the passage that facial detection technology ________.A．can d etect buyers’ names and record them B．is put inside some large advertising boardsC．may be used to sell cheaper goods in all stores D．may need some time before being widely used29．The best title of the passage may be “________”.A．Facial Recognition Technology Entering a New FieldB．Facial Recognition Technology Looking for Bad GuysC．Facial Detection Technology Going into Advertising FieldD．Facial Detection Technology Improving Buyers’ ExperiencePassage 7Thanks to a TV show, Fu Sheng is no longer a stranger to us. He is a scholar （学者）who lived during the 3rd and 2nd centuries BC．Thanks to this scholar, we have the chance to enjoy the great book Shangshu, one of the “five classics” of Confucianism （儒学）.The TV show is named China in the Classics （典籍里的中国）. The wonderful program was presented by CCTV. In its first episode （集）, Fu Sheng’s story was turned into a stage show. After watching it, people not only showed great interest, but also were deeply moved by him. He lived a simple life and made his efforts to protect and pass on a country’s culture.The art director of the show is Tian Qinxin. It was not an easy task for him to turn an ancient classic into a one-hour stage show that connects with the people of today. However, he made it and the show received high praise from people.The TV show tells one classic Chinese book of ancient times in teaching episode, letting rich history shake hands with modern expressions. It is enjoyed by young people and makes classics “alive”.“Through the classics, we can see the foundations （基础）of modern China, ” said Tian. “No matter how the human history has developed, they still have a great influence on us. The classics remind us not to forget out past and explain where our cultural confidence （自信）comes from.”30．From Paragraph 1, we can know ________.A．a TV show makes us know Fu ShengB．many people have ever read ShangshuC．Shangshu tells Fu Sheng’s lifetime story31．What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word “presented” in the sentence?A．出版 B．播出 C．观看32．Fu Sheng tried his best to ________ in his life.A．live a rich life B．make himself famous C．pass on a county’s culture33．Which of the following is true according to the passage?A．Young people are not interested in the TV show.B．The TV show has nothing to do with modern life.C．It was difficult for the art director to put on the TV show.34．What’s the purpose of writing the last paragraph?A．To require people to watch CCTV.B．To encourage people to learn classics.C．To advise people to take part in stage shows.Passage 8If you’re ever wondering what you can prepare for a seal’s birthday, maybe you can try a cake made of ice and fish.Yulelogs is a lovely grey seal. Recently, he celebrated his 31st birthday. All his human friends wanted to make it a day to remember. On this special day, the seal got a large ice fish cake as a birthday gift.Yulelogs once lived in a marine park （海洋公园）in the north of England when he was just a baby. Later the park closed and he was put into the wild. However, after living with humans for years, Yulelogs was not ready to take care of himself. But he had good luck and was saved by an organization in England in 1993. He has lived there happily since then.Normally, male （雄性的）grey seals live to be around 25 years old in the wild, but under the good care of the organization, Yulelogs just turned 31. This birthday was a big milestone （里程碑）for him and the organization as well.To mark the milestone, workers there surprised him with a special gift—a large ice cake filled with delicious fish. Yulelogs was excited to see the cake, and he was there to show his joy. “Yulelogs really loved his birthday cake,” a worker said. “It’s also a challenge for him as it requires a bit of thinking on how to get the fish out of the cake!”35．Why was Yulelogs put into the wild?A．He liked living in the wild.B．The park that he once lived in closed.C．He was ready to take care of himself.36．What’s the right order of what happened to the seal?①He was put into the wild.②He was saved by an organization.③He lived in a marine park.A．①②③B．②③①C．③①②37．What can we infer （推断）from the passage?A．The birthday cake was made of ice and fish.B．Yulelogs may not have lived so long without the help of human.C．The seal’s 31st birthday was a milestone for him and the organization.38．What can be the best title of the passage?A．A seal’s birthday party.B．A marine park for seals. C．A special birthday cake for a seal.39．The material is probably from ________.A．a biological magazine B．a travel guide C．a science fictionPassage 9Over the past few years, cars have become smarter and smarter. Some of them can even drive themselves. Now, our roads have followed suit （跟着做）. In the United Kingdom alone, there are around 650 kilometers of “smart roads” in use. Across the world, many more are being built. Some new technologies are being put to use.Roads that recharge（充电）Global warming has made us search for new energy sources. Why not look to the roads? With the right technologies, cars around the world could be producing energy as they go. Piezoelectricity ads mix traditional asphalt（柏油）with new material. They use vibrations（振动）from passing cars to produce electricity. In fact, piezoelectricity is nothing new. It was invented in 1880. However, it has never been widely used before now. The UK’s Lancaster University is going to change that. It has been improving the technology, including developing roadside batteries that can store the electricity.Roads that never freeze________ A tech company in Israel has developed the Snowless roads. When they detect snow or ice on their surfaces, the roads will heat themselves up, melting the snow or ice away. The project has been successfully tested on a few Canadian roads and in some of its car parks.Built-in brainRoads of the future may be able to know how many people are on them. They could send them updates（实时信息）on weather and traffic jams, and recharge electric cars as they drive. This seems to be a dream, but one American company has almost made it come true. By sensing the weight of a vehicle, the company’s smart roads can track（跟踪）the speed of each wheel. “We are basically making very large touchpads,” says Tim Sylvester, CEO of the company. “but instead of looking for fingers, our roads look for tires.” After having collected traffic data, the roads will send it to the drivers.40．According to the passage, “smart roads” ________.A．haven’t been developed yet B．have made cars drive themselvesC．have been widely built before D．have been used in some countries41．Which of the following sentences can be put in the “________”?A．Many people like to drive smart cars. B．This kind of roads can be frozen in winter.C．It can be dangerous to drive in snowy weather D．To change the common ways of driving is necessary.42．What Tim Sylvester says is to explain ________.A．how the roads work B．what the roads can do C．how large the roads are D．how hard they work43．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．The UK’s Lancaster University invented piezoelectricity.B．Tim Sylvester’s company has made the large touchpads to track tires.C．The Snowless Roads have been developed by a tech company in Israel.D．One American company has built roads that could store electricity by themselves.Passage 10 （2021·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）It’s long been a scientific dream: to give people a special vaccine before birth to prevent them from getting terrible illnesses. Gene editing (基因编辑) is one way in which we could do this. But this method has also created some discussion.In an online video posted on Nov. 26, 2018, He Jiankui, a researcher at the Southern University of Science and Technology, said that he had helped to make the world’s first genetically edited babies.The babies are twin girls who were born in November. Their father had HIV. The twins’ genes were edited in order to prevent them from suffering from the HIV virus.He said he chose to do this because HIV is widespread in China. “I feel such a strong duty not only to be the first to do this, but also to set an example,” he told AP.But his actions caused many questions. Although gene editing may help to prevent disease, many people are wondering if it is safe and ethical to use it on humans.Some believe that gene editing could be useful to HIV patients. HIV is “a large and growing pub lic health problem”, according to Harvard Medical School genetic professor George Church. Using gene editing for HIV is “a good idea”, Church told AP.However, others think that gene editing is still in its experimental periods and could result in terrible changes. “It could cause genetic problems later in life, including the development of cancer,” Julian Savulescu from the University of Oxford told BBC News.Others fear that people might use gene editing technology to make “designer (设计的)babies”. It would give parents the ability to choose everything from their baby’s eye colour to their IQ.“You could find wealthy parents buying the latest ‘upgrades’ for their children, leading to even greater unfairness than we already live with,” Marcy Darnovsky, direc tor of the San Francisco Center for Genetics told BBC News.44．What do we know about He Jiankui?A．He was the first person to edit genes.B．He made the twins suffer from HIV when he edited their genes.C．He made the world’s first genetically edited babies.D．He was the first person whose genes were edited.45．Who agreed that gene editing could be helpful to HIV patients?A．George Church. B．Julian Savulescu.C．Marcy Darnovsky. D．Chinese researchers.46．The underlined word “ethical” in the passage probably means “________”.A．合乎常情的B．道德的C．有价值的 D．有效的47．According to the story, we know that gene editing ________.A．is supported by the writer B．is good for wealthy peopleC．causes some heated argument D．has been used widely in the UK48．What does “designer babies” mean in the passage?A．Parents can change their baby’s eye colour.B．Parents are able to choose their baby’s height.C．Parents can give their baby everything that he or she likes.D．Parents have a chance to prevent their baby from suffering from the virus.【参考答案】B 2．D 3．A 4．C5．B 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．C 10．B 11．B 12．D 13．C 14．C 15．B 16．C 17．D 18．A 19．A 20．B 21．A 22．C 23．A 24．B 25．B 26．B 27．C 28．D 29．C 30．A 31．B 32．C 33．C 34．B 35．B 36．C 37．B 38．C 39．A 40．D 41．C 42．A 43．C44．C 45．A 46．B 47．C 48．B。
初中阅读理解中的推理题解题技巧
初中阅读理解中的推理题解题技巧阅读理解是初中阶段英语学习中的一个重要环节，而其中的推理题又是较为难以解答的部分之一。
无论是直接推理还是间接推理，正确解答推理题需要一定的技巧和方法。
本文将为大家解析初中阅读理解中的推理题解题技巧，帮助大家提高阅读理解的解题能力。
1. 了解问题的要求在解答推理题之前，首先要仔细阅读问题，理解问题的要求。
推理题常常要求读者根据已有的信息进行推断、假设或推论。
因此，在解答问题之前，要明确要推断出的信息是什么，以便有针对性地查找答案。
2. 审题关注关键词了解问题的要求后，接下来要关注关键词。
关键词能够帮助我们定位到文中相关的信息，从而找到答案。
在推理题中，常常会出现一些表示推断关系的关键词，如："because","therefore","so","since"等。
通过关注这些关键词，我们可以找到推理题答案所在的句子或段落。
3. 寻找线索信息在确定了关键词后，我们应该寻找与推断相关的线索信息。
线索信息可能出现在题目所给的段落中，也可能出现在与题目相关的其他段落中。
在寻找线索信息时，可以采取以下几种方法：- 识别事实信息：在文中找到明确的描述或陈述，这些信息有助于我们进行推断。
- 判断情绪态度：注意作者的情感倾向，可以通过作者的态度了解到作者的想法或观点。
- 推断背景信息：根据文中提供的信息推断出背景信息，从而进一步理解和推断。
- 比较对照信息：注意文中的对比信息或相似信息，这些对比和相似可以提供我们推断的线索。
4. 运用先验知识除了依靠文章中的线索信息，我们还可以运用自己的先验知识进行推断。
通过与已知知识的联系，我们可以推断出更多的信息。
但是在运用先验知识时，要注意结合文中的信息进行推断，不可随意臆断或主观揣测。
5. 综合推理、扣题解答在成功寻找到线索信息和运用先验知识之后，我们可以进行综合推理，将线索信息和知识结合起来，进行答题。
(完整版)中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧
中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧一、常见题型及解题技巧根据历年来全国各地中考阅读理解题型的分析，将阅读理解题大致归纳为以下四类：（一）细节理解题一般针对某个特定的细节而提供，难度较小，属表层信息理解，考生通读短文后可直接找出答案依据。
解题技巧：通读短文，领会文章大意，理解文章结构层次及细节，特别注意：1. 五个W （who ，which ，when ，where ，what ）和一个H （how ）；2. 数字、日期、时间等；3. 注意加强语气的词。
然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节的选项，剩下的就是要选择的最佳答案。
（二）词句理解题此题要求考生正确理解短文中的一些关键词语或句子的含义，常用的方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等。
解题技巧：1. 正确理解题意，从短文中找到相关的词、短语或句子，根据特定的语境来判断理解，推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义。
2. 根据上下文猜测词义的技巧：（1）注意定义和解释；（2）同义词或近义词的提示；（3）近义词和反义词的提示；（4）利用悬念的属种关系；（5）借助已有知识或生活常识。
（三）推理判断题通过字里行间的阅读，作合理的推断。
解题技巧：1. 分析文章的主旨。
2. 分清文章的主要思想及次要思想。
3. 寻找文章的逻辑思路。
4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句的联系。
（四）归纳概括题此题主要针对文章的主题、中心思想、文章的结构层次（主题句或主题段），要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点，概括中心思路。
解题技巧：通读全文，了解大意，灵活运用概括、判断、归纳、推理等方法，准确理解文章的话题和中心思想。
有时还要求对作者叙述的意图和观点作进一步剖析，甚至推测作者的语气和态度等。
一般说来，文章的段落常有概括中心思想的主题句，且多位于段首或段末，有时也会夹在中间。
对无主题句的篇章，考生应对文章进行分析和归纳，然后概括中心思想。
二、答题步骤1. 先看问题，再读文章。
中考英语阅读理解题型及做题方法
中考英语阅读理解题型及解题技巧一、保持良好状态良好(de)精神状态对于考场上(de)考生来说非常重要.因为只有在心理放松(de)情况下,同学们(de)精力才能够集中,思维才会敏捷,才能将自己(de)真实水平发挥出来.所以保持良好(de)精神状态尤为重要.二、抓住中心句阅读短文之前,先看短文是否有标题.若有,应给予高度重视.因为标题是文章主题(de)高度凝聚,它能给我们启发和想象,有利于加深对短文(de)理解,从而提高做题效率.另外,在没有标题(de)情况下,应充分重视短文(de)首、尾句.因为大多数文章都是按照“总分总”(de)结构布局(de).据统计,英语中有60%-90%(de)主题句位于段首和段尾,短文(de)其他文字往往是对这些中心句(de)解释和说明.三、判断有理有据对于推理性或评价性之类(de)阅读理解题目,在材料中一般是找不到现成答案(de),必须通读全篇,对所获信息加以筛选、提炼、推断,对作者(de)思想倾向,对文中提及(de)人物或事件可能产生(de)结局等,加以综合考虑才能得出正确结论.对这种题,不能以偏概全,不能“只见树木,不见森林”,不能以个人(de)想法代替作者(de)意图.四、提高阅读速度由于考试(de)时间有限,在保证不出偏差(de)前提下,一定要尽可能地提高阅读速度.倘若能注意克服以下不良习惯,就可以大大提高阅读速度：1.心读.这是非常不好(de)习惯,一定要下决心克服.因为这样做会直接制约着阅读速度(de)提高；2.回视.阅读中(de)回视是一种无效劳动,所以应一口气把文章读完,尽量不要回视； 3.只读不记.应一边阅读一边用笔记下与文后所设问题有关(de)信息.同学们在做英语阅读理解时一定要抓住以上四点,利用现阶段(de)时间抓紧训练,相信阅读理解不再是难题一、常见题型及解题技巧根据历年来全国各地中考阅读理解题型(de)分析,将阅读理解题大致归纳为以下四类：（一）细节理解题一般针对某个特定(de)细节而提供,难度较小,属表层信息理解,考生通读短文后可直接找出答案依据.解题技巧：通读短文,领会文章大意,理解文章结构层次及细节,特别注意：1. 五个W （who , which , when , where , what ）和一个H （ how ）；2. 数字、日期、时间等；3. 注意加强语气(de)词.然后运用排除法排除不符合原文细节(de)选项,剩下(de)就是要选择(de)最佳答案.（二）词句理解题此题要求考生正确理解短文中(de)一些关键词语或句子(de)含义,常用(de)方法是多种表达法、一词多义法、同义近义或反义提示法、习语释文法及句型转换法等.解题技巧：1. 正确理解题意,从短文中找到相关(de)词、短语或句子,根据特定(de)语境来判断理解,推敲斟酌和最后确定其准确含义.2. 根据上下文猜测词义(de)技巧：（1）注意定义和解释；（2）同义词或近义词(de)提示；（3）近义词和反义词(de)提示；（4）利用悬念(de)属种关系；（5）借助已有知识或生活常识.（三）推理判断题通过字里行间(de)阅读,作合理(de)推断.解题技巧：1. 分析文章(de)主旨.2. 分清文章(de)主要思想及次要思想.3. 寻找文章(de)逻辑思路.4. 核对问题中各项选择与文章中有关词句(de)联系（四）归纳概括题此题主要针对文章(de)主题、中心思想、文章(de)结构层次（主题句或主题段）,要求学生在理解全文后归纳短文要点,概括中心思路.中考阅读破解一、猜测词义法：遇到生词时,要根据上下文进行推测,确定该词(de)确定含义.具体(de)方法有：1.根据上下文已知内容进行逻辑上(de)推理.2.利用定义线索猜词.3.利用解析线索猜词.4.利用同意词或反义词线索猜词.5.利用构词法知识猜词.6.利用因果关系猜词,可借助because, since, so等词.7.结合语法知识进行语法分析.8.依据常识和经验做出判断.二、排除法：在4个选项中,有3个选项是干扰项,干扰项往往使主题思想与细节混杂或多个细节互相混杂,甚至某些选项在文章中根本没有叙述,这些都会干扰考生作出正确判断,因此,不但要在文章中找出相对应(de)信息,还要正确(de)排除干扰项.三、判断推理法：就是根据阅读材料中所提供(de)信息,推断出未知(de)未知(de)信息.具体方法有：1.事实推断：首先在文章中找出据以判断(de)有关词或句子,然后加以分析,悟出字里行间(de)意思.2.对作者(de)意图和态度(de)推断：作者(de)思想倾向和感情色彩往往含在字里行间.因此,既要将文章(de)主题思想作为推断(de)前提,还应注意作者(de)措辞,尤其是形容词、副词等修饰语.3.纸袋推断：要推断指代词所指(de)对象,关键在于对该词所在(de)上下文(de)正确(de)理解.指代词(de)单复数形式应与被指代词(de)单复数形式一致.4.逻辑推断：根据文章所提供(de)背景、人物(de)表情、动作和语言来推断出人物(de)态度或感受.四、主题中心法：依据主题句确定短文(de)中心,主旨大意题归于归纳概括类,找准文章(de)主题句是确定文章主旨大意(de)关键.主题句一般在文中(de)首段、末段或每段(de)首、尾句中,有时也出现在一些段落(de)中间位置.五、结构分析法：是在阅读时,通过理清文章(de)框架结构、各段主旨及部分之间逻辑上(de)联系,从而从全局上把握文章内容(de)一种方法.这种方法要求我们在阅读时,不应局限于词、句、段,而应上升到篇章结构.一般采取以下步骤：1.阅读各段并把握其主旨大意.2.理顺各段或部分之间(de)逻辑关系.3.顺利文章(de)整体结构,从整体上分析、理解文义.这样,就可以避免由于孤立、片面地分析文章而造成(de)错误.六、比较分析法：就是要善于将题目与原文中(de)有关句子进行比较、分析,要善于找出相同点与不同点,而不同点往往就是答题(de)关键,有时题目就是从文章中照搬(de).答题步骤1. 先看问题,再读文章.带着问题阅读短文,确定主攻方向,特别要注意首尾段和首尾句,把握文章(de)主题,摘取有用(de)材料.2.细读全文,认真分析与问题有关(de)词汇、句子或段落,特别留心一些关键信息词.3. 复读全文,验证答案.在选出全部答案后,应将答案带入问题中重读全文,看前后意思是否连贯,有无矛盾,若前后不一致或意思矛盾,则要考虑重选答案.。
2020年中考英语题型解题技巧专题03 阅读技巧--主旨大意题、推理判断题(原卷版)
1 阅读技巧--主旨大意题、推理判断题 推理判断题 1.题型特点 推理判断题主要考查学生对文章言外之意的理解。这种题目有一定难度,往往不能直接从文中找到答案,而必须根据上下文及其相互间的关系或对整篇文章进行深层理解后,才能找到答案。有时甚至还得联系作者的意图、态度等弦外之音、文外之意加以推理,获取作者在文章中没有直接表述出来的态度、观点等。这种类型的题主要有三种形式:语义推理题、结论推理题和出处推理题。语义推理题要求学生根据文章、段落或句子的表层信息推断出深层含义,比如推断文章或段落的中心思想、句子的言外之意等;结论推理题和出处推理题要求学生根据文章中所列举的事实推断出符合逻辑的结论或文章的出处。 2.推理判断题主要的设问方式 ①It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that... ②Which of the following conclusions can be drawn according to the passage? ③The writer suggests that... ④The writer uses the example of...to show that... ⑤What’s the writer’s attitude toward...? ⑥What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the passage? ⑦From the passage,we know... ⑧The writer probably agrees that... 3.推理判断题的解题技巧 中考的阅读理解不仅要求考生读懂短文中的每个句子,而且还要求能理解句子之间的内在联系。有的试题要求根据中学生必须具有的常识,对所读的短文进行一定程度的推断;有的试题还要求了解其内在的逻辑关系,从而对所读的内容形成较深层的理解。一般来说,这类问题都不可能直接从原文中找到答案,必须根据原文提供的有关信息,进行合理的推断才能回答。完成推理判断题,通常应注意以下两点: (1)特别留心特定细节 所谓“特定细节”,就是问题所涉及的范围和对象中的细节事实,一般包括事实根据、名字(人物或地点)、数字(日期或统计数字)、关键词语的其他表达方法(同义词、近义词、反义词)等。 (2)注意作者的语气和态度 作者的语气和态度通常体现在短文所使用的措辞和句式上。要特别注意感情色彩比较浓重的形容词和 2
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阅读理解之推理判断题解题指导推理判断题着重考查学生归纳概括、逻辑推理等综合能力，要求考生根据文章表面的文字信息，推断出作者没有提到的或者没有明说的事实或隐含信息。
这类题目旨在考查考生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意的能力，属于深层理解题。
考生在做此类题目时，应尽量考虑文中全部信息或事实，在通篇理解文章的基础上，运用逻辑思维，借助一定的常识，做出正确的推理和判断。
一、推理判断题常见提问方式1. The writer / author / passage implies / suggests (暗示) that ________.2. It can be inferred (推断）from the story that ________.3. We can learn from the passage that ________.4. The passage is intended to ________.5. The first paragraph of this passage is to ________.6. From the passage, we can learn / conclude that ________.7. The passage may be a / an ________.8. How does the author seem to feel about this issue?9. Which of the following might happen later?10. Which of the following can be concluded from this passage?二、选项特点分析推理判断题目选项的设置有一定的特点和规律，了解这些，可以帮助提高答题的正确率。
1．正确选项的特点：（1）正确选项一般含义比较丰富，具有一定的综合性和概括性；（2）正确选项的表述一般不会太绝对，而是会用一些相对宽泛的词汇，如often, usually, sometimes, some, may, might, can, could, possibly, probably等；（3）正确选项有时候与通过常识判断得出的结论相反，要特别注意。
2．干扰选项的特点：（1）只是原文的简单复述，而非推断出的结论；（2）看似从原文推断出来的结论，然而实际上与原文不符；（3）根据常识判断是正确的，然而不是在文章事实或上下文逻辑基础上推理而得出的观点；（4）虽然以文章提供的事实或内在逻辑为依据，但推理过头、概括过度；（5）部分选项的内容纯属编造。
三、推理判断题的解题方法做推断类题目时，首先要弄懂文章字面的意思，留意作者所给的提示，才可能理解文章隐含的意思。
答案一般不能在文章中直接找到，需要根据文中有关内容进行逻辑推理或演算，得出某些作者没有明说，但在字里行间暗含的意思及观点。
这就要求把握文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及本文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意个别词汇的特殊含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，得出正确的推论。
做推理判断题要注意两点：一是推理，二是判断，两者密不可分。
推理是为了判断，判断依赖于推理。
推断题结论要靠推断得出，而不是照搬原文。
但是，推理时务必忠实于原文，在文章中寻找可推论的线索和依据，切忌随意揣测，把自己的观点当成作者的观点。
解决此类题要注意：一是与原文相同的细节不能选；二是不能跳出文章做推断。
解题过程中只要注意上述两点，再结合做细节题和主旨题的方法，即可以做出推理判断题。
下面我们结合2020年部分中考真题，就考试中常用的四种推理方法进行一一说明。
1. 抓住特定关键信息进行推理。
做此类试题要善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用正向推理或逆向思维，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。
【例1】The underlined word “They” in Paragraph 3 means “_______”. (2020 江苏南京阅读E)A. ReceiversB. GPS devicesC. SatellitesD. Ground stations 【解析】这是一个指代推断题。
指代推断就是确定代词的含义和指代对象。
做此类题目，关键在于对该代词所在上下文的正确理解，一般代词所指代的名词在上文中寻找。
指代名词的指代词，其单复数形式与被指代的词一致，因此数的形式可作为识别指代对象的一个判断标志。
指代词They的上文是这样的：The receiver contacts at least four of the satellites and calculates (计算) its position. The third part of the system is a network of ground stations. They are all over the world. They control the satellites and make sure they are working well.根据这段文字，我们可以推断出They指的是ground stations（地面卫星接收站），故选D。
【例2】John and his 10-year-old son want to watch Secret of the Dragon. How much should they pay? (2020 河南阅读C)A . $7.40. B. $11.10. C. $14.80. D. $23.20.【解析】这是一个数字推断题。
解答此类题，关键是要善于捕捉有关数字的信息，然后在透彻理解原文的字面意义和题意的基础上，运用自己的数学知识，对其进行分析、推算，从而得出正确的结论。
文章中有这样一些相关信息：Secret of the Dragon… Cost Adult: $7.40 Children (under 15 years): ha lf …根据上面的信息可知，15岁以下的孩子是半价。
所以，一个成人和一个10岁的孩子应该花$7.40+$3.70=$11.10，故选B。
【例3】What can you infer from Paragraph 6? （2020 江苏连云港阅读D）A. Plastic notes should be printed in cash machines.B. There are some disadvantages of using plastic notes.C. Every country will have to accept the new money.D. Plastic notes should be produced by the cashiers.【解析】根据题目要求，我们定位到文章第6段：A downside of plastic cash is that it costs more money to produce. Cash and money-counting machines will also have to be adapted to accept the new money.第6段有两句话，主要讲了塑料钞票的缺点，四个选项中，B项正确。
考试中常常出现的题目是What can you infer from the passage? 这就需要通读全文来做出判断。
由于篇幅有限，我们就不再举例说明此类题目。
2. 利用作者的思想感情、文字色彩进行推断。
有些题目要求考生根据文段的相关信息对文中人物的性格、心理状况、心智或品质做出判断，这时一定要扣紧文段的主题或话题，不要受一些细节事实的干扰。
文章中的措辞会体现作者或者其他人物的思想倾向和感情色彩，这往往隐含在字里行间，或流露于修饰的词语之中。
因此，在推断过程中，应特别注意文章用词。
【例1】In the last paragraph, what does the underlined part mean? (2020 天津阅读C)A. We should always visit Dubai.B. We should learn from foreigners.C. We must always remember our past.D. We must only think about the future. 【解析】根据题目要求，我们锁定文章最后一段的划线部分，并结合上文来推断。
Many people welcome the city’s growth. But an increasing number of Dubai natives worry about the speed of change. As a Dubai native says, “We must always remember where we came from. Our kids must know we worked very, very hard to get where we are now, and there’s a lot more work to do.”根据划线部分中的用词：must always, very, very hard…等可以断定，说话人非常重视迪拜的历史，强调不要忘本，尤其现在的孩子要知道他们父母奋斗的历史，故选C。
我们也可以从四个选项上排除个别选项。
选项A、D，太过绝对，根据常识，我们可以排除这两项。
那么，我们就可以从B、C两项中选。
这时再读划线句子，很好排除选项B。
【例2】The word “________” can best describe Goldman. (2020 浙江台州阅读B)A. funnyB. honestC. creativeD. friendly文中相关信息：Sylvan Goldman, an American supermarket owner, invented the shopping trolley (购物车) in the 1930s.【解析】根据文中信息中的invented这个词，我们就可以推断出，Goldman是个有创新精神的人，故选C。
3. 运用已有的经验、经历或常识进行推理判断有些文章具有一定的背景知识。
因此解答此类文章的题目，除了把握相关文段的细节外，还应注意充分运用自己的常识，结合题目去分析推理。
【例】Which of the following is cause and effect? (2020 河南阅读B)A. Tony got up and had a glass of water.B. We came home and found him sleeping.C. The ball was lost and a window was broken.D. Tim was late again and his teacher got angry.【解析】我们根据常识即可知因果关系（cause and effect），故本题答案选D。