高三英语阅读理解专题突破(1)

2010届高三英语阅读理解专题突破（1）

Passage 1

The fact that blind people can see things using other parts of their bodies apart from their eyes may help us understand our feeling about color. If they sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color without knowing it.

Salesmen have discovered by experience over a long period of time that sugar sells badly in green wrappings（包装），that blue foods are considered not agreeable to the taste, and that cosmetics（化妆品）should never be packed in brown. Their discoveries have grown into a whole subject of color psychology（心理学）。Some of our preferences（偏爱）for colors are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore connected with calm, while yellow is a day color connected with energy and encouragement. Experiments have shown that colors, partly because they are connected with psychology, also have a direct effect on people’s mind. People in bright red surroundings show an increase in breathing speed, heartbeat and blood pressure; red is exciting. Pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Being exciting, red was chosen as the signal for danger, but a close study shows that a bright yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm, so fire engines in some advanced areas are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop buses, trucks and cars.

56. The passage tells us that salesmen have __________.

A. discovered the relationship between color and psychology

B. tried out colors on blind people

C. found out that color affect sales

D. developed a special subject of color psychology

57. It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

A. what color we prefer depends on our state of mind

B. foods sell well in green or blue wrappings

C. blind people cannot sense color difference

D. a bright yellow has exactly the opposite effect to red

58. If people are exposed to（置身于）pure blue, _________.

A. their blood pressure rises

B. they want to taste blue foods

C. they will feel like buying things

D. they won’t easily feel nervous

59. The most effective color in the passage for warning people is _______.

A. red

B. dark blue

C. bright yellow

D. green

60. Which of the following do you think is the best title of the passage?

A. Colors and sales

B. Colors and feelings

C. The blind and colors

D. Preferences for colors

参考答案

56.C 57.A 58.D 59.C 60.B

Passage 2

The Bedouin people think most highly of people who show loyalty. To them loyalty does not mean th at one is devoted to a country, a place, or a leader. Loyalty means being faithful to one’s family and tribe（部落）。

The Bedouin people take pride in their ancestors（祖先）。They do not admire a hero

from an ordinary or poor family as much as one who comes from an honored family. They particularly respect those who have received a good name from their ancestors and then have passed it on to their children.

A man’s position among the black-tent people depends upon his ancestors, relatives, and fellow tribesmen. If they are honored, he is also honored. If they are disgraced, he too is disgraced. Therefore one carefully guards the honor of his family, his lineage（血统），and his tribe.

A man can protect his family’s honor by being brave and generous and by giving protection to those who ask for it. He also guards it by carefully watching the women of his family.

A Bedouin woman cannot bring honor to her family, but she can bring disgrace. Even if a woman only looks as if she has done wrong, she may be killed. The honor of her family depends upon her virtue（美德）。

64.It can be inferred from the passage that a Bedouin man will feel disgraced if he____.

A. does not succeed in business

B. needs to ask for help from his brothers

C. does nothing when a member of his family is badly treated

D. does not help a stranger who asks for assistance

65.The Bedouin people respect those who____.

A. leave their families to seek success on their own

B. value their families more than anything else

C. become heroes with an ordinary family background

D. are devoted to their country

66.We can learn from this passage that Bedouin women are____.

A. treated as the equals of men

B. listened carefully when they tell their side of a story

C. respected for the many things they do

D. not respected as much as men

67.The word“disgrace”means“____”in this text.

A. honor

B. danger

C. pride

D. shame

参考答案

64.C 65.B 66.D 67.D

Passage 3

The Food and Drug Administration is, again, threatening to impose milk and meat from cloned animals on a public that opposes the technology and its products.

Respected polls report that more than 60% of Americans think animal cloning is immoral, and that most people said they wouldn’t knowingly eat the products even if the FDA approved them. But because the FDA would allow cloned meat and milk to be sold without identifying labels, consumers wouldn’t be able to avoid them. The FDA has consistently tilted toward those who want cloned milk and meat in our food. Agency officials have repeatedly asserted that science shows cloned milk and meat are safe for humans. But the FDA has never published the complete scientific studies it says support that claim.

The argument that cloning is safe for animals is unconvincing. Cloned meat and milk offer no public economic benefits. Having cloned cows produce more milk wouldn’t reduce milk prices. US farmers produce more milk than we drink, and the government is required to buy the surplus. Since 2000, dairy support programs have cost taxpayers more than $ 5 billion.

Most important, this first decision to advance animal biotechnology raises ethical issues beyond the FDA’s expertis e. Techniques used to clone animals will advance the ability to clone humans－and create animals with human genes. Neither the agency nor animal scientists are qualified to tell us whether and when it is ethically acceptable for humans to alter the essential nature of animals. We need a national discussion, including ethicists and religious leaders, to consider the wisdom of cloned and transgenic animals. Given the risk of unintended consequences, we should proceed cautiously. The president should halt further FDA action on cloning and set in motion a process for beginning this broader discussion.

61.The author’s attitude towards cloning is __________.

A.neutral

B.opposed

C.approving

D.supportive

62.In US many people buy cloned foods __________.

A.to support the new technique

B.because FDA approved them

C.because they cannot tell which is cloned food

D.because thy cannot read the labels.

63.Which of the following statements is TRUE?

A.Because more milk is produced by cloned cows, the milk price is reduced.

B.American farmers produce more milk than the people can consume.

C.FDA approved that cloned food is safe for human beings.

D.More and more people accept cloned milk and meat.

64.From the text we know that cloning technique ___________.

A.developed well enough to clone human beings

B.may cause unintended bad results to human beings

C.will bring more unexpected economic benefits

D.is supported by ethicists and religious leaders

65.What’s the best title of this passage?

A.Publice Is Against Cloned Food

B.Benefits of Cloned Food

C.Cloned Food Is Illegal

D.Technique in Cloned Food

参考答案

61.A 62.C 63.D 64.B 65.C

2010届高三英语阅读理解专题突破（4）

Passage 1

The tea gardens in Sri Lanka are actually large estates（种植园）。The best tea usually comes from plants grown on high grounds, the cool hilltops with rows and rows of tea plants. The plants are about one metre apart. The plant is often pruned so that it remains only 60 to 90 centimetres high. Pruning is important because it encourages the growth of tender shoots, or young leaves. It is from these shoots that the best tea is got.

Practically all the tea pickers are women. The estates prefer to employ women pickers because they are more careful. Their thin fingers can easily remove the twin leaves and new shoots from the plant, which are the parts used for processing（加工）tea. The pickers carry large baskets into which they throw their pickings. A skilled worker can harvest between 9 to 14 kilogrammes

of tea leaves a day. Usually new shoots can be picked from the plants about every ten or fifteen days.

Processing tea shoots into the familiar dry tea leaves requires great care and skill .There are various methods of processing depending on the type of tea required .For black tea ,the young green leaves are first spread out o shelves to dry. This process removes much of its water and the leaves become soft. After this ,the leaves are passed through heavy rollers .This operation will press the leaves for juices which give the tea both its colour and taste .Then the leaves are spread out on floors and left to ferment （发酵）under wet conditions. Fermentation develops the rich taste of black tea .The fermented leaves are then dried with a hot-air blower until they become rolled-up black leaves .The final step is to sort and grade them before the black tea is ready for sale to countries all over the world.

68.In the first paragraph ,the word “pruning” means_____.

A.regular cutting of the plants

B.frequent watering

C.regular use of chemicals

D.growing the plants high in the mountain

69.One of the reasons why women are employed to do the picking is that_____.

A.they work harder than men do in the picking

B.they can throw their pickings more easily into the baskets

C.their fingers fit them better for the job.

D.they can more easily find the twin leaves.

70.How many processing steps are mentioned in the last paragraph?

A.Three.

B.Four.

C.Five.

D.Six.

71.What is the writer’s purpose in writing the passage?

A.To introduce various methods of tea processing.

B.To persuade readers to buy tea from Sri Lanka.

C.To tell a story that had happened in the tea gardens.

D.To inform readers of tea growing ,picking and processing.

参考答案

68.A 69.C 70.C 71.D

Passage 2

Collections were the inspiration（灵感）for a project at Thomas Tallis School, which formed part of the Imagine Children's Literature Festival last autumn. Each child （aged 12-13）beatified a box and wrote a story on the subject of collections to throw inside it. The boxes were spread within the Royal Festival Hall's Ballroom. Some were left empty to encourage

The subject chosen by Luren was an imaginative one. "It's a sort o f Cinderella （灰姑娘）story," she told me, inspired by a collection of letters from her cousin, ha the story these become love letters, burned by a creel stepmother. Lauren's best friend Charlotte is the stepmother. "I'm in Charlotte's story too," says Lauren, "and I get run over." Charlotte's tale was inspired by the girls' coin collection. "We've collected foreign coins for years - since our families went on holiday to Tenerife." she explains. "That was before the Euro, so we put pesetas in." Lauren continues: "I fred a coin in the road, go to get it and get run over. I'm in hospital and then I die." Charlotte adds: "Or she might not die. I haven't decided yet."

Millie Murray, who is a tea-novel author, thinks that setting the subject of collections was a useful inspiration to their creativity rather than a restriction（限制）。"In the beginning I thought, 'Will the children be able to do it?'" she says. "But it's been fruitful. Some have their own

collection, some have parents who do, and some have wlstten complete stories. It's made them think about something they wouldn't have otherwise, winch can only be a good thing."

59. What were the children asked to do in the project?

A. To meet friends at Thomas Tallis School

B. To write stories on the subject of collections.

C. To encourage visitors to write their own stories.

D. To have their friends for characters in the stories.

60. The underlined word "pesetas" in Paragraph 2 is a kind of _____.

A. story

B. collection

C. inspiration

D. foreign coin

61. From the stories by Lauren and Charlotte, we know that _____ .

A. Charlotte hurt herself when getting a coin

B. both of them developed their imagination

C. both of tram will die in each other's stories

D. Latwen's cousin posted her some love letters

62. Millie Murray thinks ________.

A. collections could inspire writing creativity

B. it was good for parents to have collections

C. inspirations were very useful in writing stories

D. setting collection subjects restricted inspirations

参考答案

59.B 60.D 61.B 62.A

Passage3

From Mr. Ward Hoffman.

Sir, I was halfway through Professor Raj Persaud's article “What's the tipping point"

（Financial Times Weekend, April 9-l0）when it occurred to me that what I was reading was not ironic（讽刺的）。If Prof Persaud wants to know why Americans tip in restaurants, he need only ask the first American he meets in London.

Americans tip in restarts for one reason, and one reason only: we tip to supplement （补贴）the salary of restaurant workers. Quality of service does not enter into it, beyond the fact that one may tip a bit less for poor service, or a little more for good service.

Not tipping at all in a non-fast-food restaurant is not a choice. In the US, one used to tip about 15 per cent for dining in a family-style restaurant or in an up-market （高档的）restaurant. Here, in San Francisco Bay area restaurants, we me encouraged to tip 20 per cent or more, to help restart workers live in this very expensive area.

After eating at an Italian restart in my city, I left a tip of 20 per cent on the non-tax part of our dinner bill. It was expected. There is nothing more complicated （复杂的）than that about Americas tipping in restaurants.

Ward Hoffman,

Palo Alto, CA 94306, US

* * *

From Mr. Philip McBride Johnson.

Sir, I agree with most of Raj Persaud's opinion about the doubtful value of tipping, but with one exception（例外）。Tips can be very useful when one is a repeat customer or diner.

It is only when the tipper is a stranger and likely to remain so that the system does not work

to his or her advantage. But frequent a hotel or a restaurant, always tip a bit more, and the difference in service and treatment will ha easily felt.

Phfiip McBnde Johnson,

Great Falls, V A 22066, US

68. What can we learn from Hoffrnan's letter?

A. Quality of service determines tipping in the US.

B. Americans don't tip in non fast-food restaurants.

C. Tipping in US upmarknt restarts is unnecessary.

D. How to tip in the United States is not complicated.

69. Johnson's letter shows ________.

A. a stranger in a restaurant is likely to tip a bit more

B. diners receive better service if they frequent a restaurant

C. repeat dinners may get good service ifthay tip a bit more

D. the tipping system works to the advantage of new customers

70. From tbe two letters, we can learn Professor Raj Persaud ______ .

A. feels doubtful about the value of tipping

B. believes tipping improves quality of service

C. wats to ask Hoffman about tipping m the US

D. thinks tipping a bit mom one can get good service

71. The two letters most probably appears in a ______.

A. notice

B. handbook

C. book review

D. newspaper

参考答案

68.D 69.C 70.A 71.D

Passage 4

Handshaking, though a European practise is often seen in big cities of China. Nobody knows exactly when the practice started in Europe. It is said that long long ago in Europe when people met, they showed their unarmed （无武器的）hands to each other as a sign of goodwill. As time went on and trade in cities grew rapidly, people in cities began to clap each other’s hands to make a deal or to reach an agreement. This practice was later changed into shaking hands among friends on meeting or leaving each other. “Let’s shake （hands）on it” sometimes means agreement reached.

Do the Europeans shake hands wherever they go and with whomever they meet? No. Sometimes the Chinese abroad reach out their hands too often to be polite. It is really very impolite to give your hand when the other party, especially when it is a woman, shows little interest in shaking hands with you and when the meeting does not mean anything to him or-her. Even if, for politeness, he holds out his unwilling hand in answer to your uninvited hand, just touch it slightly- There is generally a misunderstanding （误解）among the Chinese that westerners are usually open

and straighforward, while the Chinese are rather reserved （保守的）in manner. But in fact some people in western countries more reserved than some Chinese today. So it is a good idea to shake hands with a westerner only when he shows interest in further relations with you.

64. In the old days in Europe, people put out their unarmed hands to each other ______.

A. to make a deal

B. to greet each other

C. to show friendliness

D. to reach an agreement

65. The first paragraph mainly tells us ______.

A. where handshaking was first practised

B. how handshaking came about

C. about the relationship between handshaking and trade

D. about the practice of handshaking both in Europe and in China

66. According to the text. which of the following statements is true?

A. Westerners are more reserved than the Chinese.

B. Westerners are unwilling to shake hands.

C. We should make a judgement before shaking hands.

D. We shouldn’t shake hands with European women.

67. The main purpose of the text is ______.

A. to tell us some differences between the East and the West

B. to offer us some important facts about handshaking

C. to introduce us to some different customs in the West

D. to give us some advice before we travel abroad

参考答案

64.C 65.B 66.C 67.B

2010届高三英语阅读理解专题突破（6）

Passage 1

SHANGHAI, June 7（AP）-A 16-year-old girl's suicide after she was barred from a key exam draw attention to increasing worries over academic pressures, as millions of Chinese students began annual college entrance tests on Wednesday.

The three-day exam, viewed as important to future career and financial success, has a record 9.5 million high school students across China competing for just 2.6 million university places. For kids and parents alike, it's a difficulty that experts say causes extreme emotional distress. "Pressure from study and exams is a top reason for psychological problems among Chinese youth," said Jin Wuguan, director of the Youth Psychological Counseling Center at Shanghai's Ruijin Hospital.

In China's increasingly success oriented, pressure-cooker cities, academic stress is seen as a rising cause of youth suicides and even murders of parents by children who are driven crazy by intolerable pressure to perform.

According to her family and newspaper accounts, 16-year-old Wu Wenwen drowned herself after she was stopped at the exam room door because her hair wasn't tied back as her school required. Returning in tied hair, she was then told the end-of-term exam had already started and she was too late to take it. In tears, Wu called her mother, and then disappeared. Her body was found the same night in a nearby lake.

China doesn't keep comprehensive statistics on student suicides, but Jin said health care professionals see the problem worsening, even among elementary students. Most Chinese schools still lack advisers and teachers receive little training in spotting symptoms of emotional distress, Jin said. Parents are little help, often piling on pressure while ignoring their children's emotional development, he said. "It's a basic unwillingness or inability to recognize and deal with with

emotional problems," Jin said.

Wang Yufeng, of Peking University's Institute of Mental, estimates the rate of emotional disorders such as depression among Chinese students under age 17 at up to 32 percent , a total of 30 million students.

Others say that figure may be as high as 50 percent. A survey last year by the government's China Youth and Children Research Center showed 57.6 percent of students felt highly distressed by academic pressures.

65. What is the function of the first paragraph?

A. To explain the meaning of academic pressures.

B. To lead to the main topic.

C. To describe the girl’s suicide.

D. Tell how important the college entrance tests are.

66. The 16-year-old girl committed suicide because ______.

A. she did not tied back her hair as required

B. she couldn’t get high mark in the exam

C. she had an unpleasant talk with her mother

D. she wasn’t allowed to attend the examination

67. We can learn from the passage that ____.

A. the problem of student suicides is getting worse according to a research on the

accurate statistics

B. teachers have enough ability to sense the emotional distress of students

C. parents place neither pressure nor care on their children

D. both teachers and parents should learn more to deal with the problem of student

suicides.

68. Where will we most probably find the article?

A. In a newspaper.

B. In a magazine.

C. In a text book

D. In a survey.

答案65.B 66.D 67.D 68.A

Passage 2

You're in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation:

"I can't believe it--a Lorenzo Bertolla! They are almost impossible to find. Isn't it beautiful? And it's a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome."

They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. It's nice and the price is right. You've never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So, you buy it. You never realize that those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo BertoHa clothes.

Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of undercover marketing. Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it.

Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that don't pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generation----consumers between the age of 18 and 34. It is a golden group. They have a lot of money to spend, but they don't trust ads.

So advertising agencies hire young actors to "perform" in bars and other places where young

adults go. Some people might call this practice misleading, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. "Look at traditional advertising. Its effectiveness is decreasing."

However, one might ask what exactly is "real" about of young women pretending to be enthusiastic about a sweater? Adverting executives would say it's no less real than an ad. The difference is that you know an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. You don' t know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance.

55. The two attractive young women were talking so that they could ________.

A. get the sweater at a lower price

B. be heard by people around

C. be admired by other shoppers

D. decide on buying the sweater

56. Lorenzo Bertolla is __________.

A. a very popular male singer

B. an advertising agency

C. a clothing company in Rome

D. the brand name of a sweater

57. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?

A. The two girls are in fact employed by the Lorenzo Bertolla Company.

B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by ads.

C. Traditional advertising is becoming less effective because it's too direct.

D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government.

58. Which of the following would be the best rifle for the text?

A. Two Attractive Shoppers

B. Lorenzo Bertolla Sweaters

C. Ways of Advertising

D. Undercover Marketing

参考答案

55.B 56.D 57.C 58.D

Passage 3

Madame de Stael says that only the people who can play with children are able to educate them. For success in training children, the first condition is to become a child oneself. It means to treat the child as really one’s equal, that is, to show him the same consideration, the same kind of confidence one shows to an adult. It means not to affect the child to be what we ourselves want him to become, but to be affected by the impression of what the child himself is; not to treat the child with cheating, or by force, but with the seriousness and true love suitable to his own character.

Not leaving the child in peace is the greatest problem of present methods of training children. Parents do not see that during the whole life, the need of peace is never greater than in the years of childhood, an inner peace under all outside liveliness.

But what does a child experience? Corrections, orders, interference （干涉），the whole livelong day. The child is always required to leave something alone, or to do something different, to find something different, or want something different from what he does, or finds, or wants. He is always guided in another direction from the true inner will that is leading him. All of this is caused by our so-called enthusiasm in directing, advising, and helping the child to become the same model produced in one assembly line （流水线）。Understanding, the deepest characteristic of love, is almost always absent.

To bring up a child means carrying one’s soul in one’s hand; it mea ns never placing ourselves in danger of meeting the cold look on the face of the child. It means the truth that the ways of injuring the child are limitless while the ways of being useful to him are few. How seldom does the educator remember that the child, even at four or five years of age, has already had a

sharp feeling! The smallest mistrust and unkindness, the least act of injustice, leave wounds that last for life in the heart of the child. While, on the other hand, unexpected friendliness and kindness make quite as deep an impression on those soft senses.

67. The passage mainly talks about _______.

A. misleading zones and right ways in educating children

B. current problems in training children

C. what should be taught to children

D. the importance of educating children

68. Children, according to the passage, are experiencing _______.

A. corrections, orders and peace

B. orders, interference and peace

C. interference, orders and corrections

D. peace, guide and praise

69. If you were a parent, which of the following methods is TRUE according to the text?

A. You could treat your children not so seriously for they don’t understand many things.

B. You could train your children as you wish them to be since you are parents.

C. You should sometimes leave your children in peace as they wish in their childhood.

D. You should correct your children immediately if their behavior is not what you want.

70. We may conclude that the author believes people should _______.

A. play with the children with enthusiasm all day long just to please them

B. try to give an order, advice and suggestions to their children at any time

C. treat their children just as the way they treat an adult in their daily life

D. regard their children as an equal to them and have understanding of the inner peace

of them

参考答案

67.A 68.C 69.C 70.D