英语名词专项及解析

英语名词专项及解析
英语名词专项及解析

英语名词专项及解析

一、初中英语名词

1.(?江西)Some old people need a because they feel lonely.

A. gift

B. stick

C. pet

D. watch

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:因为一些老人感觉孤单,所以需要有宠物陪伴。A. gift礼物;B. stick棍子; C. pet 宠物;D. watch手表。根据常识可知,这里指老人需要的是宠物。故选C。

2.—Michael, how much do you know about _________?

—people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan.

A. the Mid-Autumn Festival

B. the Spring Festival

C. the Dragon Boat Festival

D. the Lantern Festival

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:——米切尔,关于端午节你知道多少?——人们为了纪念屈原,经常吃粽子。the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节;the Spring Festival春节;the Dragon Boat Festival 端午节;the Lantern Festival元宵节。根据people usually eat rice dumplings to remember Qu Yuan可知纪念屈原,吃粽子是端午节的习俗,故选C。

【点评】考查专用名词,根据答语所描述的活动和特色,选择合适的节日名词。

3.In every ______ there has to be some give-and-take.

A. friendship

B. instrument

C. attention

D. blackboard

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:在每一段友谊中都必须有一些互谅互让。A. friendship意思是“友谊”;B. instrument意思是“乐器、仪器”;C. attention意思是“注意”;D. blackboard意思是“黑板”。根据后面的has to be some give-and-take.可知此处是说“友谊”,故答案为A。

【点评】考查名词辨析。理解题意并牢记单词。

4.I like this song. It's by one of my favorite_________.

A. singers

B. dancers

C. painters

D. writers

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我喜欢这首歌。这是我最喜欢的歌手之一唱的。A:singers歌手; B: dancers舞蹈演员; C: painters画家; D: writers作家。根据上句 I like this song. 可知一定是歌手唱的,故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析。理解选项意思,根据语境选择正确的名词。

5.Don't stand too close to North Americans. You'd better give them more personal ___ .

A. time

B. system

C. space

D. pity

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】time时间,system系统,space空间,pity遗憾、怜悯,根据前半句Don't stand too close to North Americans.不要和北美人站得太近。可知后半句意思应为你最好给他们留更多的个人空间.所以应填space空间.故选C。

6.I am hungry. I'd like to have some ______.

A. rice

B. sandwich

C. dumpling

D. egg

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:我饿了。我想吃点米饭。此处有some 修饰,后面应该是复数名词或不可数名词。sandwich,dumpling和egg都可数,应该为复数,rice不可数,故答案为A。

【点评】考查不定代词some修饰可数名词复数或不可数名词。

7.---Could you tell me the_______of making such tasty cakes?

---Well,I just follow the instructions in the cookbook.

A. time

B. method

C. cost

D. menu

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:一一你可以告诉我做这样可口的蛋糕的方法吗?一一哦,我就是按照烹饪书的说明做的。time时间,method方法,cost花费,menu菜单。根据语境,“你能告诉我制作如此美味的蛋糕的方法吗?”此处方法:method比较符合语意,故选B。

8.— Which country do you think will win the first prize of the ____FIFA World Cup?

—You mean the football match will be held in __________?

A. twenty-one; Russia

B. twenty-first; Russian

C. twenty-first; Russia

D. twenty-one; Russian

【答案】C

【解析】【分析】句意:——你认为哪个国家会赢得第二十一届国际足联世界杯的冠军?——你是指将在俄罗斯举行的那场足球比赛?第一空,根据冠词the,判断后接序数词形式;第二空,表示在俄罗斯(Russia),Russia 在这里指国家俄罗斯,专有名词。故选C。【点评】考查数词和名词辨析。注意掌握序数词的正确写法,区分Russia和Russian的用法。

9.—Look, the boss is very angry with Alex.

—Well, he came late again. But that's no ______ to shout at him.

A. problem

B. lesson

C. excuse

D. reason

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:——看,老板非常生亚历克斯的气。——哦,他又来晚了。但是没有理由冲他大喊。problem没问题;lesson课;excuse理由;reason原因。根据but可知此处表示转折,就是他来晚了,也没有理由对他大喊,故选C。

【点评】此题考查名词的辨析,注意识记意义相近的名词。

10.—Where is your bike, Alice?—— It's over there, between ____.

A. Eric or Dave

B. Eric's or Dave

C. Eric and Dave's

D. Eric's and Dave's

【答案】 D

【解析】【解析】句意:一迈克,你的自行车在哪儿?一在那边,在埃里克和大卫的之间。介于……与……之间:between...and...爱丽丝的自行车停放在埃里克的车和大卫的车之间,因此两个人都用所有格形式。故选D。

11.—Are you going out with Jade tonight?

—That's my . Mind your own!

A. offer

B. business

C. question

D. chance

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——今天晚上你要和简一块出去吗?——那是我的事,管好你自己的事!offer提供; business商业; question问题;chance机会。That's my business那是我的事。故选B。

【点评】本题考查名词词义辨析。以及offer;business; question;chance四个词的词义和用法。

12.——_____foggy day !

——Something must be done to solve the haze problem .

A. How

B. What

C. What a

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】感叹句主要有what和how构成:

1、what修饰名词或名词短语,有以下两种形式:1. What+a(an)+(形容词)+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!或是:What+名词词组+主语+谓语!2. What+(形容词)+可数名词复数或不可数名词+主语+谓语!

2、How引导的感叹句。how用来修饰形容词、副词或动词。其结构是:How+形容词(副词)+主语+谓语!

根据下文foggy day,选C。

【点评】考查感叹句

13. ----Are all the students from in your class?

----No, there are only three in our class. The others are from other countries.

A. Germany; Germen

B. Germany; Germans

C. German; Germans

D. German; Germany

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:----你班上所有的学生都来自德国吗?----不,我们班只有三个德国人。其他人来自别的国家。Germany德国;Geman德国人,其复数形式是Germans,选B

14.—Look! They are .

—Yes. We are proud of them.

A. man scientist

B. women scientists

C. woman scientists

D. man scientists 【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:——看!她们是女科学家。——是的。我们为她们感到骄傲。英文中当man,woman修饰名词复数时man/woman和所修饰名词都要变成复数,故选B。【点评】此题考查名词复数。注意man,woman修饰名词时的结构。

15.(?连云港)—It's useful for the deaf people to learn sign language.

—Yes, it's a major way of for them.

A. suggestion

B. vacation

C. production

D. communication

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。句意:—对于聋哑人学手语是有用的。—是的,对于他们来说主要的方式是交流。A. suggestion建议; B. vacation假期; C. production成果,产品; D. communication交流,通讯。根据常识可知学习手语的目的是交流,故选D。

16.—My sister was sent to teach English in a poor mountain village in Xinjiang last year.

—She said she would never forget some pleasant _______ while working there.

A. experiments

B. expressions

C. experiences

D. emotions

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】考查名词词义辨析。experiment意为“实验”;expression意为“表述”;experience意为“经历”;emotion意为“情感”。答语句意:她说她将永远忘不了在那儿工作时的一些愉快的经历。故答案为C

17.(?徐州)My cousin works for an airline. He flies planes. He is __________.

A. an inventor

B. a scientist

C. an explorer

D. a pilot

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:我的表弟在航空公司工作。他驾驶飞机。他是一名飞行员。an inventor一个发明家;a scientist一名科学家;an explorer一名探险员;a pilot一名飞行员。根据句意可知在航空公司上班,而且又驾驶飞机的,应是飞行员,故选D。

【点评】此题考查关于职业的名词辨析,注意根据句意选择正确的职业。

18.(?苏州)Steve Jobs was full of — always coming up with new ideas which led to great changes in society.

A. instruction

B. invitation

C. introduction

D. invention

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:史蒂夫·乔布斯充满了发明-总是提出新的想法,这导致了社会的巨大变化。instruction指令;invitation邀请;introduction介绍,说明;invention发明。结合语境,所以选D。

19.(?云南曲靖)—Look at the clouds,so beautiful! —Wow,so many different horses, dogs,sheep.

A. sizes

B. senses

C. colors

D. shapes

【答案】 D

【解析】【分析】句意:一一看云,那么美。一一哇,那么多不同的形状的马啊,狗啊,绵羊啊。A.大小;B.感觉;C.颇色;D.外形,形状。天上的云块呈现出马啊、狗啊、绵羊啊等不同的形状,故选D。

20.(?广东)Mickey mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______.

A. symbol culture

B. symbol cultures

C. symbols culture

D. symbols cultures

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:米老鼠是美国文化最著名的象征之一。One of……+名词复数,意为“……之一”.故这里用复数symbols,故排除A和B .culture指总称时是不可数名词,当表示“不同国家的文化”时是可数名词。结合句意可知指总称,故选C。

21.(?滨州)—Do you know about the scientist Tu Youyou?

—Yes,she won the 2015 Nobel Prize in medicine because of her great ______.

A. surprise

B. achievement

C. education

D. satisfaction

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:﹣你知道科学家屠呦呦吗?﹣是的,由于她的伟大成就她嬴得了2015年的诺贝尔医学奖。

surprise惊讶;achievement成就;education教育;satisfaction满意;赢得诺贝尔奖的人一定是有巨大成就的,故选B。

【点评】名词辨析,根据句意选择合适的词。

22.(?东营)Great for football lovers—more than 50,000 soccer schools will be built in our country by the end of 2025.

A. news

B. message

C. situation

D. information

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】考查名词辨析。句意:足球爱好者的好消息:2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校。A. news新闻,消息;B. message消息,信息;C. situation情境,形式;D. information消息,信息。Message, information是有关某事物的信息;news则指大的消息,新闻。“2025年前我国将会建立50,000多所足球学校”是重大的新闻消息:news。故选A。

23. weather it is! Let's go fishing.

A. What a fine

B. How fine

C. What fine

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】这题考查感叹句的用法:what修饰名词,how修饰形容词或副词,这句话是修饰weather,而且是不可数名词,所以选C。

24.—How many foreign workers are there in your company?

—There are five, three _______ and two _______.

A. German; Frenchman

B. Germans; Frenchmen

C. Germany; French

D. Germany; Frenchmen

【答案】B

【解析】【分析】句意:你的公司有多少个外国工作人员呢?有5个,三个德国人,两个法国人。German德国人,复数形式为直接加s, Frenchman的复数形式为Frenchmen,故选B 【点评】名词复数形式不难,考的比较多的情况为合成词的复数形式,合成名词的复数形式只需将其主体的名词变成复数形式即可,如本题中的表达,或girl student-girl sthdents女

学生;有man,woman构成的合成名词,变复数是将名词及man,woman都要变成复数,即men drivers男司机。

25.— Gary, have you received his _________ to the party?

— Yes, I've promised to take part in it on time.

A. invitation

B. notice

C. information

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:嘉利,你收到去聚会的邀请了吗?——是的,我保证按时参加。【点评】考查名词辨析

26.Look, you can see many _________ in the pool. And here is some ________for you to keep them.

A. fish; suggestion

B. fishes; advices

C. fish; advice

D. fishes; suggestions

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意为:看,在水池是你可以看到很多鱼,这里有一些捕鱼的建议。在英语中,fish:为鱼肉时,不可数名词,为鱼时,可数名词,但它的单复数同形,所以填fish;advice是不可数名词,没有复数形式。故选C。

【点评】考查名词的用法。

27.He is a person, so whatever he does, he is always full of hope and sure of success, and he won't give up without a fight.

A. brave

B. confident

C. realistic

D. reasonable

【答案】 B

【解析】【分析】句意:他是一个自信的人,因此不管他做什么,他都是充满希望和确信会成功,并且不会不拼搏就放弃。A 勇敢的;B 自信的;C 现实的;D 合理的。根据下文语句 he is always full of hope and sure of success, 可知,此句指的是自信,故选B。

【点评】考查形容词辨析。熟知每个选项的基本含义,根据语境确定最符合句意的选项。

28.A good way to break the of eating too quickly is to put knife and fork down after each mouthful.

A. custom

B. tradition

C. habit

D. practice

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:打破吃得太快的习惯的好方法就是每吃一口就放下刀和叉。custom,风俗习惯;tradition,传统;habit,个人习惯;practice,惯例。根据文中的语句eating too quickly 是一种习惯,故选C。

【点评】考查名词辨析。熟知每个选项的基本含义,根据语境确定最适合的选项。

29.An _________ is a scientific test that is done to study what happens and to get new knowledge.

A. experiment

B. experience

C. advantage

【答案】 A

【解析】【分析】句意:实验是一种科学测试,用来研究发生的事情和获得新的知识。A 实验;B 经历;C 优势。根据题干中的a scientific test,可知这是实验,故选A。

【点评】考查名词辨析。熟知每个选项的基本含义,根据语境确定最佳选项。

30.After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for ____________.

A. price

B. noise

C. peace

D. course

【答案】 C

【解析】【分析】句意:在战后几年里,叙利亚人们渴望和平。A.价格;B.噪音;C.和平;

D.课程。根据常识可知战后人们肯定是渴望和平,故选C。

【点评】考查名词辨析,注意平时识记其词义,理解句意。

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