v-ing
Ving用法
V-ing的用法复习1.V-ing的否定式：V-ing的否定形式是由not 加-ing分词构成。
如：eg. His not coming made all of us angry. （动名词的复合式做主语）2.V-ing的一般式和完成式：V-ing的一般式表示和谓语动词所表示的动作同时进行的动作；完成式表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。
如：Being a student, he was interested in books. 作为一个学生，他对书本很感兴趣。
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations. 因为没有努力学习功课，他考试不及格。
3. V-ing的被动式：V-ing的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是V-ing动作的承受者。
根据V-ing 动作发生的时间，V-ing的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。
如：The question being discussed now is very important. 正在被讨论的...Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking. 被老师批评以后，他把烟戒了。
注意：在need, want, require, be worth等动词(短语)后，作宾语的-ing 常用主动形式来表示被动含义。
如：Your shoes need cleaning. = Your shoes need to be cleaned. This book is well worth reading.4.V-ing的语法作用V-ing分词一方面具有动词的性质，另一方面也相当于一个名词或形容词、副词，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和补语等。
1)V–ing（短语）作主语：Saying is easier than doing. 说比做容易。
v-ing的用法
• do+doing 六看：see,watch,notice,observe,find,look at 两听：hear,listen to 一感觉：feel
it作形式宾语 make it useless/no use/ no good(for sb.) doing sth.(believe, consider, feel, find, think)
注：1>动词不定式短语作定语表示将来、 设想的动作或用途；2>现在分词短语作定 语表示正在进行或主动；3>过去分词短语 作定语表完成或被动。
现在分词作状语：时间，原因，条件，让 步，伴随，方式，结果，评论性状语→有 些可转化为相应的状语从句（可看作状语 从句的省略）
在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与 句子的主语一致, 如不一致则要加上它自己逻辑上的 主语, 这种结构称为：独 立主格 结 构。 The last bus having gone, he had to walk home. Time permitting, we are going to climb the mountain tomorrow.
（这）意味着不反对困难坚持一直不放弃
mean object to have trouble/difficulty/a problem/a struggle (in) doing sth. insist on/stick to keep give up
•to do+doing 意义差别不大：begin start intend continue like love fear dislike hate 意义差别较大： try to do sth.___________ try doing sth.___________ remember/forget to do sth. _________ remember/forget doing sth. _________ stop to do sth._______________ stop doing sth. _______________ mean to do sth.________________ mean doing sth.__________________ regret to do sth.遗憾要做某事 regret doing sth.后悔做过某事 can’t help to do sth.不能帮着去做某事 can’t help doing sth.禁不住做某事
V-ing形式的被动语态要点归纳
V-ing形式的被动语态要点归纳1. V-ing形式的主动语态表示主动的意义，被动语态表示被动的意义。
如果V-ing形式的逻辑主语是动作的承受者，要用V-ing形式的被动式。
如：He remembered having seen the film. 他记得曾经看过这部电影。
（“He”是“记得”的执行者，故用V-ing形式的主动式作宾语）No one likes being laughed at. 没有人喜欢被嘲笑。
（主语“No one”是“嘲笑”之动作的承受者，故用V-ing形式的被动式作宾语）The building being built there will be a new bookstore. 正在兴建的那座房屋将是一家新书店。
（“building”是“兴建”之动作的承受者，故用被动式作定语）2. V-ing形式的被动语态的一般时既可表示一个被动的动作正在发生，也可表示该动作与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
如：He was afraid of being scolded by the teacher. 他害怕被老师责骂。
（指一时或经常性的情况）The truck being repaired there is ours. 正在那里维修的那辆卡车是我们的。
（being repaired作定语，强调正在发生的被动动作）3. V-ing形式的被动语态的完成时表示一个被动的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
如：Having been married sixty years, they still love each other. 他们已经结婚六十年了，仍然相爱。
（“结婚”这个动作发生在“still love”之前）Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 尽管已经跟他说了很多次，他仍然犯同样的错误。
（“说”这个动作发生在“made”之前）4. “名词或代词+ V-ing形式”构成的独立结构在句中作状语，如果V-ing形式表示的动作是前面的名词或代词发出的，用主动式；如果不是，则用被动式。
V-ing形式(短语)用法
V-ing形式（短语）做状语
She sat at the desk reading a newspaper. Being ill, she went home. Having finished their work, they had a rest. Feeling tired, she went to bed early.
problem.
V-ing形式（短语）做宾语
He finished reading the book yesterday. I enjoy learning English. I’m looking forward to seeing you again. She suggested doing it in a different way.
V-ing形式（短语）做主语
Telling a lie got him into a great deal of trouble. Surfing is a popular sport along coastal areas. Seeing is believing. It is no use complaining—it doesn’t help solve the
V-ing形式（短语）做宾补
We heard her singsing in her room. You can see them performing every night this week
at the new theatre. We watch the children diving into the water from the
英语v-ing的用法
v-ing的用法一、概念1、v-ing形式的种类功用和各种形式：V-ing 包括动名词和现在分词两种，分别可作：主语、宾语、表语; （动名词）定语、状语、宾/主语补足语(现在分词)注意：其否定形式是在其前边加：not/never.其各种形式如下表：2. V-ing形式的被动式用法及种类当v-in g与它的逻辑主语构成被动关系时，要用其被动式, v-ing的被动式有两种：一般被动式：being done；完成被动式：having been done; V-ing形式的被动式包括动名词被动式和现在分词的被动式两种。
二、知识重点考点/易错点1(一)动名词的被动式动名词的被动式在句中可作主语、宾语、表语，且在句中只表被动，不表进行。
1、作主语So being killed by sharks was a common thing. 因此被鲨鱼吃掉是常有的事。
Being laughed at in public is a terrible thing.在公共场合下被嘲笑是件可怕的事。
Being exposed to the sun does harm to health.暴漏在阳光下对身体有害。
The president’s being killed led to serious consequences.总统被杀导致了严重后果。
2、作宾语V-ing形式的被动式既可作动词的宾语, 也可作介词的宾语。
He was afraid of _________________ (abandon) by us.He did it without ___________ (ask) You can’t eat anything before _____________(operate on)I remember having been told thestory.3、作表语What worried the child most was his not being allowed to visit his mother in the hospital.使孩子最为担心的是他不被允许到医院看母亲。
v-ing形式作状语
v-ing形式作状语v—ing形式作状语时，用于修饰某动词或整个句子，所表示的动作与句子主语构成逻辑上的主谓关系.v-ing形式作状语时，可以单独使用,也可以在其前加上when，while，after，if，unless，although，though等连词，表示时间、原因、条件、让步、结果、伴随、方式等。
1. 作时间状语Hearing this news， she got frightened。
听到这个消息，她感到害怕。
Looking out of the window, I saw some children playing football.Turning around ， he saw a tiger running up。
2. 作结果状语The boy ran even faster，reaching the school out of breath. 那个男孩跑得更快了，到达学校时累得上气不接下气了。
The child slipped and fell， hitting his head against the door.Her husband died, leaving her four children.They fired， killing many people in the street。
3。
作伴随状语He stood by the window, watching people passing by his window。
He came running。
She stood waiting for a bus。
He sat there reading a book。
The students ran out of the classroom, talking and laughing.4. 作原因状语Being a student, I must study hard。
作为一名学生，我必须努力学习。
V-ing的用法
Ⅱ）注意：及物动词后接非谓语动词作 注意： 宾语时有以下几种情况： 宾语时有以下几种情况： 1．有些动词只能接v-ing形式作宾语， 有些动词只能接v ing形式作宾语 形式作宾语， 不能接不定式。 不能接不定式。如： mind, finish, risk, advise, consider, enjoy, imagine, escape, practise, miss, suggest, prevent, avoid, appreciate，put off, be appreciate， worth, insist on, stick to, give up, look forward to, be proud of, feel like, be good at, be sure of, think of, succeed in, have difficulty in, can’t help 等。
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2. I can hardly imagine Peter ___ across the Atlantic Ocean in five days. A.sail B.to sail C.sailing D.to have sailed
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3.____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old. A.The walk B. Walking C.To walk D.Walk
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3．有些动词后可跟不定式和v-ing 有些动词后可跟不定式和v 形式作宾语，意义差别不大。 形式作宾语，意义差别不大。
1）在like, love, hate, prefer等动词后， prefer等动词后 等动词后， v-ing形式表示经常性、概括性的动作， ing形式表示经常性 概括性的动作， 形式表示经常性、 不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。 不定式表示具体的、特定的某一次动作。 如：
感官动词+原形动词_V-ing
the girl
.
Q6.我看著這個箱子在動。I
box
.
Q7.他看到 Spot 摔倒在地上。He
the Spot
the
.
Q8.他們聽到 Ben 唱了很多首英文歌。They
many English songs.
Q9.他看見岩石正掉落下來。其中一塊擊中他的腿。
He
.
his
.
Ben of the
smell（smelled）聞到
notice（noticed）注意到
Q1.昨夜我聽到鄰居在尖叫。I
our
last night.
Q2.他看見 Tony 正踩到(step on)噁心的東西。He
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
Tony
on
.
Q3.我們感到每樣東西都在搖晃。
We
.
Q4.Jill 聞到魚燒焦了。Jill
the fish
.
Q5.Ted 看著那個女孩跳舞。Ted
感官動詞＋原形動詞/ V－ing
see（saw）看到
受詞 原形動詞（強調整個動作或事實）
hear（heard）聽到
V－ing（強調動作正在進行）
feel（felt）感到
watch（watched）看著
look at（looked at）看著
受詞
V－ing（強調動作正在進行）
listen to（listened to）聽著
高中-后接v-ing的动词及短语小结
后接v-ing的动词及短语小结1、v.+doingsuggest 建议advise 建议finish完成stop 停止（做某事）can't help 禁不住 mind 介意admit 承认avoid 避免enjoy 喜欢delay 耽误practise 练习 consider 考虑miss 错过escape逃脱 keep 继续 allow 允许feel like 想要like/love喜欢dislike/hate讨厌 begin/start开始2、v．+ sb./sth. doingprevent/keep/stop阻止某人做某事see/notice/hear/observe/listen tocatch抓住某人做某事find发现某人做某事spend 花时间做某事3、to+doing●习惯于get/be used to be accustomed to●期待look forward to●献身于、专注于give one’s life to doing sth contribute oneself to doingdevote sth to doing sth devote oneself to doing sth be devoted to doing sth pay attention to doing sth. apply oneself to doing sth●反对object to doing sth have an objection to be opposed to doing sth●坚持stick to doing sth●开始做某事、认真处理某事get down to doing sth see to doing。
英语两个动词连用的规则
英语两个动词连用的规则英语中，有些动词需要和另外一个动词连用，这里介绍一些常见的连用规则。
1. 动词 + to + 动词原形这种结构通常用于表示意愿、目的或者计划。
例如：- I want to go to the beach.- He needs to study for his exam.- They plan to visit Europe next year.2. 动词 + V-ing这种结构通常用于表示动作的进行或者同时发生的两个动作。
例如：- She is running in the park.- They were talking and laughing.- He enjoys playing basketball.3. 动词 + V-ed这种结构通常用于表示动作的完成或者过去发生的事情。
例如： - I have finished my homework.- She was impressed by his presentation.- They watched a movie last night.4. 动词 + V-ing 或者 V-ed一些动词可以和 V-ing 或者 V-ed 连用，表示不同的意思。
例如：- I remember meeting you before. (V-ing 表示动作正在进行) - I remember meeting you last year. (V-ed 表示动作已经完成)- She tried skiing for the first time. (V-ing 表示动作正在进行)- She tried sushi for the first time. (V-ed 表示动作已经完成)以上是一些常见的动词连用规则，掌握这些规则可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
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动词-ing形式-ing形式：动词的-ing形式也是一种非谓语动词。
-ing形式仍保留有动词的特征，可以带有其所需要的宾语或状语而构成-ing短语。
1、-ing的形式：-ing有一般式和完成式。
及物动词的-ing还有主动语态和被动语态，而不及物动词的-ing则没有被动语态。
现在以及物动词make 和不及物动词go为例，将其-ing各种形式列表如下：动词语态形式及物动词make 不及物动词go主动语态被动语态主动语态一般式making being made going完成式having made having been made having gone2、-ing形式的基本用法。
（1）作主语：Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。
Talking is easier than doing. –ing作主语时，如果其结构较长，可用it作形式主语，而将作主语的-ing后置。
如：It isn’t much good writing to them again. It’s no use waiting here.（2）作表语：Her job is washing and cooking. My hobby is collecting stamps.（3）作宾语：①作及物动词的宾语。
She likes drawing very much.；②作某些短语动词的宾语。
Mary is thinking of going back to New York.；③ do+限定词（my, some, any, the等）+ -ing，表示“做…事”之意，如：We often do our cleaning on Saturday afternoon. Will you do any shopping on Saturday this afternoon? ④作介词的宾语：Her sister is good at learning physics.；⑤作形容词worth, busy等的宾语：This book is well worth reading. –ing作宾语带有宾语补足语时，要用it作为形式宾语，而将作宾语的-ing后置，如：We found it no good talking like that. Do you think it necessary trying again? 精彩内容来自--w ww.EdＵ （4）作定语：The sleeping child is only five years old. Do you know the man standing at the gate? 注：-ing形式作定语用时，如果-ing只是一个单词，就位于其修饰的名词之前，如果是-ing短语，就位于其修饰的名词之后，-ing作定语时，被-ing所修饰的名词就是该-ing的逻辑主语。
另外，-ing作定语用时，其动作和句子谓语动词所表示的动作是同时进行的，如果不是同时进行的，就不能用-ing作定语，要使用定语从句，如：The girl who wrote a letter there yesterday can speak English very well.（5）作宾语补足语：We can see steam rising from the wet clothes. 注：当-ing在复合宾语中作宾语补足语用时，句中宾语就是这个-ing的逻辑主语，可以带有这种复合宾语的动词有see, watch, hear, observe, feel, find, have, keep等。
（6）作状语：①时间状语：Seeing Tom, I couldn’t help thinking of his brother. 分词在句中作时间状语时，其前一般可加when或while，如：When crossing street, you must be careful.②原因状语：Being ill, he didn’t go to school yesterday. ③方式或伴随状语：Mary stood at the school gate waiting for Betty.3、主动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。
主动语态-ing完成式所表词所表示的动作之前，一般在句中作时间或原因状语用。
句中的主语是它的逻辑主语，并且是它所表示的动作的执行者，如：Having answered the letter, she went on to read an English novel.4、被动语态-ing一般式的基本用法。
被动语态-ing一般式所表示的动作是一个正在进行中的被动动作，而且这个被动动作也是和句中谓语所表示的动作同时发生的。
它一般在句中作定语或状语用。
如：The truck being repaired there is ours.5、被动语态-ing完成式的基本用法。
被动语态-ing完成式所表示的动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前，在句中一般作状语用。
如：Having been shown the lab, we were taken to see the library.6、-ing形式的复合结构。
在-ing前加物主代词或名词所有格即构成-ing的复合结构。
其中的物主代词或名词所有格为-ing的逻辑主语。
这种结构在句中可作主语、宾语或表语，如：Your smoking and drinking too much will do harm to your health. 但在口语中，这种结构如作宾语用，其中的物主代词常用人称代词的宾格，名词的所有格常用名词的普通格代替，如：She insisted on Peter’s (or Peter)going there first.7、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作主语、表语、宾语时的区别。
一般说来，表示一个比较抽象或泛指的动作时多用-ing形式。
表示一个具体某一次的动作时，多用动词不定式，如：Our job is making steel. She likes playing the piano, but she doesn't want to play it today.8、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作定语的区别。
-ing形式作定语用时，其动作一般与句中谓语动词所表示的动词同时发生，而动词不定式作定语时，其动作一般发生在句中谓语动词所表示的动作之后。
如：The girl writing a letter there can speak English very well./I have three letters to write.9、-ing形式与动词不定式在作宾语补足语时的区别。
（1）不定式作宾补时，其动作一般发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之后，如：I have told them to come again tomorrow.（2）在see, watch, hear, feel等之后，如果用-ing形式作宾补，表示其动作正在进行中，而用不带to的不定式作宾补时，不定式所表示的动作是一个动作的过程，如：I hear her singing in the room.我听见她正在屋里唱歌。
I hear her sing in the room.我听见她在屋里唱过歌。
10、-ing形式与动词不定式在句中作状语的区别。
-ing形式在句作状语表示时间、原因、方式或伴随情况，而动词不定式一般式在句中作状语时，一般是作目的或结果状语，如：Not receiving his letter, I wrote to him again./ I looked into the window to see what was going on inside. 练习、非谓语动词（二）1. Alien said that his trip was _______.A. interestedB. interestC. interestingD. of interest2. We can't understand ______ a decision until it is too late.A. him to postpone to makeB. his postponing to makeC. him to postpone makingD. his postponing making3. I couldn't understand ______ at the poor child.A. you to laughB. you laughC. why laughD. you laughing4. It's no use______ with him. You might as well ______ with a stone wall.A. arguing, argueB. to argue, arguingC. arguing, arguingD. to argue, argue5. It is no good ______ today's work for tomorrow.A. to leaveB. leavingC. that you leaveD. leave6. The old man's ______ pity on the snake led to his own death.A. takeB. takingC. being takenD. have7. It's very kind ______ you ______ say so.A. of, toB. for, toC. to, toD. of, /8. Some people's greatest pleasure is ______ .A. fishingB. to fishC. to be fishD. being fishing9. Remember ______ the book, when you have finished it.A. putting backB. having put backC. to put backD. will put back10. You didn't hear us come back last night. That's good. We tried ______ noisy.A. to not beB. not to beC. being notD. not being11. Though he failed, he tried _______ it again and again.A. to doB. doingC. doD. done.12. You'll regret ______ those words. You may hurt her feelings.A. sayB. to sayC. having saidD. to have said13. You can keep the book until you ______ .A. have finished readingB. finish to readC. will finish readingD. have finished to read14. We are looking forward to ______ another chance ______ it again.A. be given, to tryB. give, to try .C. giving, tryingD. having, to try15. Most of the students enjoy_____ stamps.A. collectB. to collectC. collectingD. collected16. Excuse me for _____ in without ______.A. coming, askingB. coming, being askedC. to come, askingD. to come, being asked17. People couldn't help ______ the foolish girl.A. laugh atB. to laugh atC. laughing atD. laughing :18. "What do you think of the book?" "Oh. excellent, it's worth _______ a second time."A. to readB. to be readC. readingD. being read19. "I usually go there by train." "Why not ______ by boat for a change?"A. to try goingB. trying to goC. to try and goD. try going20. I was too excited ______ .A. speakB. to speakC. not to speakD. speaking21. Charles Babbage is generally considered ______ the first computer.A. to inventB. inventingC. to have inventedD. having invented22. It is no use _____to come now. He is busy.A. ask himB. to ask himC. that you ask himD. asking him23. The murder was brought in, with his hands _______ behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied24. Mrs Smith warned her daughter ____ after drinking.A. never to driveB. to never driveC. never drivingD. never drive.25. The computer centre, ______ last year is very popular among the students in this school.A. openB. openingC. having openedD. opened.26. Do you know the boy _______ under the big tree?A. layB. lainC. layingD. lying27. Most of the artists ______ to the party 'were from South Africa.A. invitedB. to inviteC. being invitedD. had been invited28. English is a language ______ in many countries.A. spokenB. speakingC. be spokenD. to speak29. "Can you read?" Mary said to the notice.A. angrily, pointingB. and point angrilyC. angrily, pointedD. and angrily pointing30. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of Tight.A. followedB. followingC. to be followedD. being followed31. ____ more attention, the trees could have grown better.A. GivenB. To giveC. GivingD. Having given32. _____their students, the famous teacher came into the hall.A. FollowedB. Followed byC. Being followedD. Having been followed33. Your flat needs _____ . Would you like me it for you?A. to clean, to doB. cleaning, doingC. cleaning, to doD. to be cleaned, doing34. Does your new secretary ____ short hand?A. know to takeB. know how to takeC. know how takeD. know how taking35. Tommy had his big brother _____ his shoes for him.A. to tieB. tieC. tiedD. tying36. Would you please ______ write on the textbooks?A. don'tB. not toC. notD. to not37. I'd ______ the operation unless it is absolutely necessary.A. rather not haveB. rather not to haveC. not rather hadD. rather not having38. Your mother and I are looking forward________ you.A. of seeingB. for seeingC. to seeD. to seeing39. The girl couldn't_____ how red his face was.A. help to noticeB. be helping to noticeC. be helping noticingD. help noticing40. Excuse me, but it is time to have your temperature ______.A. takingB. to takeC. takeD. taken非谓语动词（二）——动词-ing形式参考答案1 ~ 5 CDDAB 6 ~ 10 BAACB 11~15 BCADC 16~20 BCCDB21~25 CDDAD 26~30 DAAAB 31~35 ABCBB 36~40 CADDD。