长难句10大句型解析汇总
长难句分析与翻译十大基本功
长难句分析与翻译十大基本功第一章五大短语介词短语介词是学习英语的难点之一，特别在阅读过程中是一个"拦路虎"。
介词短语是构成长难句的一个重要因素。
介词短语可用作定语、状语、表语和补足语。
介词可与动词、名词、形容词等连用。
这里特别指出一种介词复合结构，with(without)构成的复合结构，这种复合结构的形式有：·with+名词十分词·with+名词+介词·with+名词+形容词·with+名词+动词不定式这种结构在句中起状语、定语作用，或用来对句子或某一成分作补充说明。
在这种结构中，with没有实际词意。
在翻译时可把名词和其后的介词短语或形容词当作主语和表语的关系来处理；把名词和其后的分词或动词不定式当作主语和谓语关系来处理。
(一)with+名词十分词的结构这种结构在英语中可称为"分词复合结构"。
它在句中可作定语或状语。
在科技文章中常用来对句子或某个成分作补充说明。
(1) If something is moving，with nothing touching it，it will go on forever，coasting at a uniform speed in a straight line．正在运动的某一物体，如果没有受到任何外力触动，它将永远继续作匀速直线运动。
(条件状语)(2)The light we see，with its colors ranging from deep red to deep violet，serves us in our daily lives．我们看到的从深红色到深紫色的光，在日常生活中为我们服务。
(作非限定性定语，修饰light。
)(3)With more experimenting being doing every year，much of photosythesis will certainly be known before very long．随着每年所进行的实验增多，可以肯定，不久将会对光合作用了解得更多。
高中英语必备的长难句分析(附历年高考英语长难句100例)
高中英语必备的长难句分析(附历年高考英语长难句100例)阅读理解得分低，往往是因为文章看不懂，文章中的句子之所以难以理解，有许多原因，其中一个主要原因是句子太长或者句子结构复杂。
句子过长或者复杂通常是该句除了主干之外还包含了一些附加部分，如插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语等等。
下面我们来谈谈几种英语阅读长难句的处理方法。
如何处理长难句？1找谓语，找定语一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语)，我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。
而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
如：People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.【句意】二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。
【分析】that 引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是encourage和hurt，根据逻辑意义，可知encourage和hurt 的主语是动名词短语weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory。
2提主干，去枝叶一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。
若句子的主干提炼不出来，就不能完全把握句子的核心意义，从而导致思维混乱，主次不分。
如：Economists from the University of Sussex analysed findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a 15-year research project charting the fortunes of a group of thousands of teenagers who attended high schools in the US in the mid-1990s.【句意】来自萨塞克斯大学的经济学家们分析了国家青少年健康纵向研究的研究结果，这项研究是一个历时15年的课题，它记录了数千名在美国20世纪90年代中期上中学的一组青少年的财产情况。
英语长难句基本句型分析
英语长难句基本句型分析长难句的形成主要通过以下四种方式：复合从句、成分省略、使用插入语和改变句序。
这四种方式往往可以相互结合，从而形成更长的难句。
虽然形成长难句之方法有四，但是目的却只有一个，就是打断和打乱考生正常的阅读习惯和思维习惯，从而达到考察考生阅读能力和翻译能力的目标。
下面分别对这四种方式一一解析。
一、复合从句在考研中，复合从句中的从句最常见的是定语从句。
复合从句可分为简单复合从句和复杂复合从句。
本文将分词作状语和定语也归入从句范畴，当作一种更为灵活的从句形式。
这种语法处理，并不是从语言学研究角度进行的，而是从教学角度出发做出的从简处理。
（一）简单复合从句简单复合从句可以分为套用从句和并列从句两种。
套用从句，其实是最简单的长难句。
这类句子就像一根锁链，只要抓住句子的各个连接点，理出句子层次，就完全可以把握住。
在翻译定语从句时，"这（些/个）"常用来作为拆分句子的必用手段。
阅读时，定语从句一般可以跳过，实在不放心可以略读。
一般情况下，考研基本上不会在这种从句中有出题点。
并列从句大致有四种情况：并列从句修饰主语、谓语和宾语。
也就是说并列从句一般作定语或状语。
其实，并列从句和并列短语在语法功能上完全相同，只不过并列从句一般较长，会使考生在阅读中渐忘句子结构。
并列从句修饰主语，就是说并列从句作状语。
这种句子很简单。
翻译时，可以直译，把从句作定语，直接放在主语前面。
如果从句很长，可以使用复指代词。
另外，翻译从句先行词时，要注意词性的转换，比如hope/ suggest之类的词有名动两种译法。
考生要切忌拘于词性。
并列从句修饰谓语就是说这些从句作状语。
一般情况下，这些从句都不完整，多为现在分词短语和过去分词短语。
事实上，现在分词短语和过去分词短语作状语或者定语，都可以看作是从句的一种更加灵活的表达方式。
并列从句修饰宾语。
宾语有两种，一种是单纯宾语，另一种是介宾结构中的准宾语。
单纯宾语指在句中作宾语成分；准宾语指在介词后面的宾语。
考研英语长难句高频常考句型详解附译文
考研英语长难句高频常考句型详解附译文【2015 年 Text4】1. This same absence of moral purpose was wounding companies such as News International ,shieldthought ,making it more likely that it would lose its way as it had with widespread illegal telephone hacking.译文：她认为，这种同样的道德目的缺失正在伤及诸如新闻国际这样的公司，使它更可能如同曾经的大规模非法电话窃听一样误入歧途。
2. One of the astonishing revelations was how little Rebekah Brooks knew of what went on in her newsroom, wow little she thought to ask and the fact that she never inquired wow the stories arrived.译文：其中揭露的惊人真相之一是丽贝卡•布鲁克斯对于其新闻编辑室中所发生的事情知晓的有多么少，她曾想到要设法过问的事情又有多么少，甚至于她从来都没有询问过这些新闻报道到底是怎么来的。
【2016 年 Text1】1. It tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.译文：它责令时尚业必须对其发送给女性，尤其是十几岁的少女的信号负责，这些信号是她们必须用来衡量自身个人价值的社会尺度。
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译o
考研英语阅读理解长难句真题分析详解含翻译1. In other words , there is a conventional story line in the newsroom culture that provides a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure for otherwise confusing news.结构：•In other words , there is [谓] a conventional story line [主] in the newsroom culture [状]•定语从句：that provides [谓] a backbone and a ready-made narrative structure [宾] for otherwise confusing news [状] .单词：conventional a.传统的常见的惯例的符合习俗的Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话Line n.方针原则方法概况思路newsroom n.新闻编辑部Backbone n.主干支柱脊骨骨气Ready-made a.现成的做好的陈旧的平凡的Narrative n.故事叙事记叙Otherwise ad.否则除此之外以不同方式相反Confuse vt.使混乱迷惑混淆困惑复杂化词组：In other words 换句话说直译：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
它提供了一个框架和一个现成的叙事结构，给复杂的新闻解析：•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语译文：换句话说，在新闻编辑部文化中有一个传统的新闻报道方针。
这个方针给复杂的新闻提供了一个主干框架和一个现成的叙事结构重点：•Story n.叙述新闻报道情况史话•Line n.方针原则方法概况思路•There be句型是全部倒装，真正的主语在后面•that引导定语从句修饰story line 并在句子中做主语2. There exists a social culture disconnect between journalists and their readers , which helps explain why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem alien to many readers .结构：•There [主] exists [谓] a social and culture disconnect [宾] between journalists and their readers ,•定语从句：which helps explain [谓]•宾语从句：why the “ standard templates ”of the newsroom seem [谓] alien to many readers [表] .单词：Disconnect vt.断开切断供应是分离Alien n.外星人外国人a.外国的陌生的vt.转让词组：Alien to 不相容的与...相反陌生的直译：在新闻记者和读者之间存在社会和文化上的脱节，这也有助于解释了为什么新闻编辑部的标准模式似乎对很多读者来说是不相容的。
长难句结构10类
长难句一、定语从句1.As far as the third factor is concerned, the history of science shows many instances in whichthe force of authority has operated in such a manner as to build up an exceedingly powerful resistance to further investigation; in some cases centuries elapsed before this resistance was eventually broken down, as happened in cosmology, for example.2.Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are manystimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.3.President Kennedy wanted people who raised questions, who criticized, on whose judgmenthe could rely, who presented an intelligent point of view, regardless of their rank or viewpoint.4.In the “soap war”between Proctor and Gamble and Unilever, tremendous use is made ofstatistics to measure the dynamic difference in market resulting from the proportional allocation to advertising, which constitutes such a large part of their production costs before selling, so that they regard their production costs as production plus advertising costs.5.Smart cards, which can carry as much as 80 times more information on them thanconventional cards with a magnetic stripe, are already widely used in European countries where centralized banks can roll out new services on a nationwide basis.6.How well the prediction will be validated by later performance depends upon the amount,reliability, and appropriateness of the information used and on the skill and wisdom with which it is interpreted.7.Thus, to rectify the positions taken previously, where we contented ourselves withcondemnations, in my delegation’s opinion, we must find an over-all solution which would come to grips with both the substance as well as the superficial aspects which, after all, serve only to compel us to keep this problem constantly on the Security Council’s agendas.8.We may define chemistry as the science in which we deal with the chemical change in matteras a result of which it is possible to form a new substance.9.Time goes fast for one who has a sense of beauty, when there are pretty children in a pool anda young Diana on the edge, to receive with wonder anything you can catch!10.Soon light-weight phones outfitted with high-solution screen—which can be embedded ineverything from wristwatches to palm-held units—will be connected to series of low orbit satellites enabling people to talk, send and receive e-mail, or take part in video conferences any time, anywhere.二、倒装句1.Jack London poured into his writings all the pain of his life, the fierce hatred of thebourgeoisie that it had produced in him, and the conviction it had brought to him that the world could be made a better place to live in if the exploited would rise up and take the management of society out of the hands of the exploiters.2.Along with them goes social mobility, ambition to rise in the urban world, a main factor inbringing down the births in Europe in the nineteenth century.3.So involved with their computers do the children become the leaders at summer computercamps often have to force them to break for sports and games.4.As the Internet becomes more and more commercialized, it is in the interest of business touniversalize access -- after all, the more people online, the more potential customers there are.5.Only after studies provided evidence of harmful effects of such programs has it been possibleto modify TV programming policies.6.Unpopular as red has been in the past at the moment it is a favorite hair style.7.Lonely was seeing his daughter only twice a week since the divorce.8.So perilous was this one that he 1was the only security officer in the site.9.In front of me stood the essential tools of the intelligence officer’s trade —a desk, twotelephone, one scrambled (改变频率使不被窃听) for outside calls, and to one side a large green metal safe with an oversized combination lock on the front.10.Not only may agencies select for genetic traits, some fear parents may start to as well in whatmight be considered the most extreme application-designing children.三、分割结构1.Such a viewpoint, particularly prominent in the developing countries, is reinforced by thewidely-held belief that it is not the peaceful application of nuclear energy that is endangering the survival of mankind.2.No girl should marry a man whose last name has the same initial as hers, for, as the rhymegoes, “Change the name but not the letter, marry for worse instead of better.”3.Such an outcome, if it happens, could cause a political controversy; or it could lead to morepower being transferred to the EU in the worst possible circumstances, namely when the Union is deeply unpopular.4.That fact, let alone the current division between the 11 euro countries and the four, led byBritain, that have not joined, is likely to mean that the Union should become a multi-system entity, with some countries signing up to everything and others choosing only some things. 5.This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to theconclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.6.Observations were made of the children at the beginning and at the end of preschool and firstgrade.7.Whether to use tests, other kings of information, or both in particular situation depends,therefore, upon the evidence from experience concerning comparative validity and upon such factors as cost and availability.8.I have been transformed from a passionate advocate of the philosophy of “having it all”,preached by Linda Kelsey for the past seven years in the page of She magazine, into a woman who is happy to settle for a bit of everything.9.Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius asbecause of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools.10.“In short”, a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, waslargely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.”四、省略1.The transcription needs a certain amount of editing, as even if the computer can tell thedifference between words of similar sounds such as write and right, it is still not yet able to do the work as well as an intelligent secretary.2.If a needle is thrown at random on a sheet of paper ruled with lines whose distance apart isexactly equal to the length of the needle, how often can it be expected to fall on a line and how often into a blank space?3.And by the help of further reasoning, which if drawn out would have been exhibited in two orthree other syllogism, you arrive at your final determination, I will not have that apple.4.It is quite unnerving not to be able to see or to establish contact with the other person, eventhough we have learnt to have conversations with people we cannot see, as on the telephone.5.Actually we know of no type of astronomical body in which the conditions can be favorableto life except planets like our own revolving round a sun.6.The increase in the numbers of married women employed outside the home in the twentiethcentury had less to do with the mechanization of housework and an increase in leisure time for these women than it did with their own economic necessity and with high marriage rates that shrank the available pool of single women workers.7.The European Union is an imperfect creature, with some of its actions based on fineprinciples of political economy and some on poor ones.8.To Americans, being on one’s own suggests that one is a fully independent and functioningpart of the whole capable and willing to make choices.9.For the first time a lecture was given without the slightest interruption, and every word wouldbe heard as distinctly as it would be as if there had been but a single person in the room. 10.He does not regard it as something to weigh down his pockets and spoil the line of his suitsbut as something to boost his business.五、并列平行结构1.I suppose that if a man has a confused mind he will write in a confused way, if his temper iscapricious his prose will be fantastical, and if he has a quick, darting intelligence that is reminded by the matter in hand of a hundred things, he will, unless he has great self-control, load his pages with metaphor and smile.2.He believes, although perhaps he does not know he believes it, that the more extensiveverifications are, that the more frequently experiments have been made and results of the same kind arrived at, that the more varied the conditions under which the same results have been attained, the more certain is the ultimate conclusion, and he disputes the question no further.3.For it is exciting to realize that the East and the West are not as far apart on spirit or in fact asmost of us have been led, by appearances, to believe, and that the East and the West arealready combined in a synthesis so powerful and so profound that it is all pervading.4.If the very originators of the inventions and discoveries no longer claim them, and if eventheir memory of them has fades, why should their inheritors trouble to resurrect their lost claims?ws concerning discrimination, capital punishment, sexual behavior, and the conditionsunder which individuals may be held legally responsible for their actions are influenced by psychological theories and research.6.For the friendships I have and the friendships I see are conducted at many levels of intensity,serve many different functions, meet different needs and range from those as all-the-way as the friendship of the soul sisters mentioned above to that of the most nonchalant and casual playmates.7.In fact, continuous eye contact is usually confined to lovers, who will gaze into each other’seyes for an eternity, conveying meanings that words cannot express, and baffling onlookers into the bargain.8.If you learn to read the signs, you can tell whether what a person says is what he really means,or whether, like the man whose stomach dose not move when he laughs, he is trying to deceive you.9.The 11 euro members’ rights to inflate, to finance budget deficits by printing money, to boostexports temporarily by currency devaluation are being handed over to the European Central Bank (ECB) in the most powerful way possible, by treaty.10.But that, too, is a happy thought: a Europe that is broad as well as deep, that takes account ofnational differences and is not thought of as a federalizing bully.11.Have you ever been at sea in a dense fog, when it seemed as if a tangible while darkness shutyou in, and the great ship, tense and anxious, groped her way toward the shore with plummet and sounding-line, and you waited with beating heart for something to happen?六、同位语1.The common belief of some linguists that each language is a perfect vehicle for the thoughtsof the nation speaking it is in some ways the exact counterpart of the conviction of the Manchester school of economics that supply and demand will regulate everything for the best.2.The word radar, coined as a code name in World War II, was derived from the phrase RadioDetection And Ranging.3.It is just as much a surprise for the Chinese as for Westerners to realize that modernagriculture, modern shipping, the modern oil industry, modern astronomical observatories, modern music, decimal mathematics, paper money, umbrellas, wheelbarrow, multi-stage rockets, guns, underwater mines, poison gas, parachutes, hot-air balloons, manned flight, brandy, whisky, the game of chess, printing, and even the essential design of the steam engine, all came from China.4. A bad liar usually gives himself away by looking too long at his victim, in the mistaken beliefthat to “look a man straight in the eye” is a sign of honest dealing.5.This deprives governments of the one power which, under a monetary union, they most need:the ability to use national fiscal policy to counteract recessions which affect one memberstate more than the others.6.The influence of the mother on the offspring, statistics, is represented by counting, measuring,describing, tabulation, ordering, and the taking of censuses, all of which led to modern descriptive statistics.7.One of the difficulties in carrying out a world-wide birth control program lies in the fact thatofficial attitudes to population growth vary from country to country depending on the level of industrial development and the availability of food and raw materials.8.Bolles researched, wrote and self-published What Color Is Your Parachute?—the book toread before you bail out—as a voluntary way of helping others facing the same desperate experience.9.From the massive realignments taking place in the information industries to the capabilitiesof the technologies themselves, there is an often unstated assumption that everything is for the best.10.What a language guide does need is a thorough and practical knowledge of how the languageworks, a conscious knowledge that she or he can articulate in a way the ordinary native speaker cannot.七、分词作状语1.Americans have always been deeply ambivalent, revering the nation’s immigration roots andenjoying cheap immigrant labor, but resenting the newcomers who flood their cities, drain their service and dilute their culture.2.If there are no further major eruptions, in another century a new forest will have coveredmost of the land, leaving only a few reminders of the earth’s hidden power.3.The spate of shootings had appeared to be easing recently, however, with attracts mainlyconfined to tourists visiting the south of the country.4. A $20, 000 house now costs at least $200, 000, but with interest rates and property taxesbeing what they are, it’s way out of the reach of a young person just out of college, not to mention high school.5.Blake, now 73 and living in relative poverty in a flat in Moscow, was responsible for thedeaths of several British agents after he became a Russian spy, following his capture by North Koreans and conversion to communism.6.Economists have been applied a technique known as Bayesian analysis to informationproblems, enabling them to assess the dollar value of knowledge in a given setting.7.Research can unearth potential problem which might otherwise go undetected and help definetheir full scope.8.There are many other exchange expressions, but those who are not well versed in exchangeterminology would do well to confine themselves to the use of expressions “favorable” and “unfavorable”when describing movements in exchange from the point of view of their countries, or to the use of “appreciate” and “depreciate” when describing a movement in the value of any particular currency.9.If you set out some food and leave it exposed to the air, you can see for yourself thatmicrobes come uninvited.10.But rather than mixing the gases and letting them explode, a fuel cell keeps them apart with asemi-permeable membrane, the reaction can still proceed, but only very slowly, generating electricity, heat and water vapor.八、否定句1.But even he was unable to discover how long the gorilla lives, or how or why it dies, nor washe able to define the exact social patterns of the family groups, or indicate the final extent of their intelligence.2.Descriptive linguists cannot explain how a sentence is transformed —or, in other words,indicate such relationships as that between active and passive voice.3.Until now the so-called law of the sea has not been seen as a very important issue.4.There was little chance to discuss the problems with the teachers concerned or to do morethan glance at the books being used.5.The expression is well known to many students of English, but is far too good not to bequoted here.6.Who knows but it will rain tomorrow?7.As they expected to be away from the steamer only a few hours, they took enough food forone meal only and no extra clothing beyond what they stood up in.8.The world will little note, nor long remember what we say here, but it can never forget whatthey did here.9.I know not what, nor where, neither what latitude, what country, what nation or what river. Ineither saw, nor desired to see any people; the principal thing I wanted was fresh water.10.Absence of the linear gate pulse indicates that the input pulse to be processed doesn’t meetthe requirements that are set up by the lower and upper level control and/or no pulse in present at the input.九、比较结构1.The construction of hypotheses and theories reflects the scientist’s interpretation of what heor she has observed even more clearly than observation.2.Nobody with any sense expects to find the whole truth in advertisement any more than heexpects a man applying for a job to describe his shortcomings and more serious faults.3.He was more annoyed than worried when they did not come home.4.It was a dry, cold hand, and the grip was severe, with more a feeling of bones in it thanfriendliness.5.We were busy and less than delighted to have company that day.6.Tom is no more fond of playing chess than Jack.7.The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the other arts.8.The pen is to a writer what the fun is to a fighter.9.I’ll say this, that the best shot in existence could be have done it more beautifully.10.The strongest spring sometimes leads to fatigue failure caused by excessively high stress.十、it的用法1.But now it is realized that supplies of some of then are limited, and it is even possible to givea reasonable estimate of their “expectation of life”, the time it will take to exhaust all knownsources and reserves of these materials.2.The assertion that it was difficult, if not impossible, for a people to enjoy its basic rightsunless it was able to determine freely its political status and to ensure freely its economic, social and cultural development was now scarcely contested.3.Unfortunately it is those places that are best avoided by all citizens that are no capturing thepopular imagination, places that offer bomb-making instructions, pornography, advice on how to steal credit cards.4.It makes sense for cyberspace participants themselves to agree on a scheme for questionableitems, so that people or automatic filters can avoid undesirable material.5.It is easy enough for software manufacturers to build an automatic filter that would preventyou or your child from ever seeing the undesired item on a menu.6.It is clear that there are several applications for gene transfer that probably will be carried outover the next five to ten years.7.It has become a platitude that one may go almost anywhere with no other linguisticequipment than English and get on almost as well s in New York.8.When he pulled up against the curb a few car-lengths ahead, it occurred to him that the trafficmight have helped him get away too.9.It is amazing how easy it is to put a dent in these new cars.10.It is not yet clear whether the new Internet elite will choose to have the lasting legacy thatearlier moguls did.。
精选英语长难句10例——解析、翻译及句型提炼
精选英语长难句10例——解析、翻译及句型提炼本人提出并提倡三步骤解析英语长难句的方法，旨在帮助考生在短时间内训练并提高快速准确读懂句子进而提高整体阅读理解的能力。
另一个目的是尝试为考生提供切实有效的翻译练习和训练的机会，以促使考生更加准确辩析长难句的结构和意义以及英汉语言的差异。
在此基础上，还致力于督促考生进行句型提炼的练习和训练，以为句子乃至段落写作提供参考和样本。
下面为考生精选10句长难句作为实例进行解析和翻译并作相应的句型提炼，供考生参考。
实例 I原句：Furthering that point, the association noted a number of somber research findings, including that men are four times more likely than women to die of suicide worldwide, are "far more likely" than women to be arrested and charged with intimate partner violence in the U.S. and commit about 90 percent of all homicides nationwide.一、解析：1. 简化结构：快速确定主句和主句中的主语、谓语和宾语成分，删除其它成分。
…, the association noted a number, ….简化后的句子呈现为主句，主语是the association，谓语是noted，宾语是a number。
2. 回补成分：根据语法结构、信息组块和意义理解依次回补句子成分。
2.1 回补成分1：Furthering that point, the association noted a number, ....回补后的成分是现在分词短语Furthering that point作状语，修饰谓语noted。
高考真题长难句解析100句(2021年整理)
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1。
First put forward by the French mathematician Pierre de Format in the seventeenth century, the theorem had baffled and beaten the finest mathematical minds, including a French woman scientist who made a major advance in working out the problem, and who had to dress like a man in order to be able to study at the Ecolab polytechnique.这个定理，先是由十七世纪法国数学家皮尔法特提出，曾使一批杰出的数学大师为难，包括一位法国女科学家，她在解决这个难题方面取得了重大的进展，她曾女扮男装为了能够在伊科尔理工学院学习。
简析：夹杂过去分词短语，现在分词短语，动名词及两个定语从句.2。
It is difficult to measure the quantity of paper used as a result of use of Internet—connected computers, although just about anyone who works in an office can tell you that when e-mail is introduced, the printers start working overtime. That is, the growing demand for paper in recent years is largely due to the increased use of the Internet。
高考英语长难句分析
长难句突破【长难句的套路】插入语、同位语、分隔现象、各种从句或较长的非谓语动词短语1找谓语，找定语一般情况下，一个谓语形式的动词对应其动作的发出者(主语)，我们可以根据谓语动词的意义来确定其主语。
而且，如果一个句子中出现两个或两个以上的谓语形式的动词，则该句可以是并列句或复合句(并列谓语动词的情况除外)。
如：People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting and hurt elephant populations.【句意】二十一年来，象牙交易一直被明令禁止，人们担心削弱这一禁令会助长非法捕猎，导致大象数量减少。
【分析】that引导宾语从句，从句中谓语动词是encourage和hurt，根据逻辑意义，可知encourage和hurt 的主语是动名词短语weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory。
变式1：People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting，which would lead to hurting elephant populations.[非限制性定语从句只用which不用that]变式2：People feared that weakening a 21-year-old ban on the sale of ivory would encourage illegal hunting，leading to hurting elephant populations.[分词作结果状语]2提主干，去枝叶一般情况下，一个句子中的主句所表达的信息为主要信息，从句、状语和定语等所表达的信息为次要信息。
长难句分析ppt课件
倒装句
常见类型及示例
重要性
长难句是语言表达的高级形式，能够准确、精炼地表达复杂的思想和概念。掌握长难句的分析和理解技巧，对于提高语言素养和阅读能力具有重要意义。
应用场景
长难句广泛应用于文学、科技、法律等领域，尤其在学术论文、新闻报道、公文写作等文体中更为常见。掌握长难句的分析方法，有助于更好地理解和运用这些文体。
关注时事
了解国内外新闻、社会热点和文化动态，增强对现实世界的感知和理解。
广泛阅读
涉猎不同领域、不同题材的书籍和文章，积累丰富的背景知识。
拓展学习
参加讲座、研讨会等活动，听取专家学者的讲解和讨论，拓宽知识视野。
背景知识积累途径
03
挖掘文化元素
关注句子中涉及的文化元素，如习俗、节日、地名等，探究其文化渊源和传承发展。
译文读者群体
考虑译文读者的文化背景、语言习惯和接受程度，选择适合的翻译策略。
翻译目的和要求
根据翻译的目的和要求，如忠实原文、传达信息等，灵活选择直译或意译。
直译与意译选择依据
词汇选择原则及策略
确保选词准确，符合原文意思，避免歧义和误解。
选用符合目标语言习惯和表达方式的词汇，使译文更加自然流畅。
注意源语和目标语之间的文化差异，避免选用可能引起文化冲突的词汇。
注重词汇短语的积累和运用，提高语言表达的准确性和丰富性。
推荐一些优质的长难句分析教程、视频讲解、在线课程等资源，帮助学生更好地理解和掌握长难句的分析方法。
THANKS
感谢您的观看。
重要性及应用场景
02
CHAPTER
语法结构分析
识别句子主语、谓语和宾语，确定句子核心意思。
注意省略和倒装等语法现象，还原句子主干。
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强调句型一、考点概述省略结构在考研英语中的考查主要体现在句子的理解层面，主要分为两类：一类是借助于其他词语的省略，如使用助动词代替前文出现过的动词，使用代词代替提到过的名词;另一类直接省略，如略去上下文的重合部分，通常是主语(和/或)谓语。
二、要点精析省略结构的掌握要求是：1.快速识别句子省略的内容;2.补全句子省略的内容。
常见的省略现象会出现在并列结构中、状语从句中、名词性从句中和定语从句中。
(1)并列结构中的省略在并列句中，后面的分句往往省略和上文重合的部分。
例：I think you’ll win the race; indeed we all think so.我认为你一定会赢得这场比赛，事实上我们都这样想。
(so=you’ll win the race)(2)状语从句中的省略在when/while/if/as if/though(although)/as/until/whether等连词引导的状语从句中，若谓语是be，主语是it或与主句的主语相同时，则通常连同be 动词一起被省略。
例：If (it is) necessary, we can give you another chance.如果必要的话，我们可以再给你一次机会。
(3)名词性从句中的省略常见的是使用不定式在主动表达中省略动词的施动者，在被动表达中省略助动词、情态动词等。
例：She will go to Beijing, but I don’t know how (she will go to Beijing).她将去北京但我不知道她怎么去。
(4)定语从句中的省略定语从句中也常使用不定式作为省略的手段;当用as引导非限制性定语从句时，常省略系动词。
例1：All tests require a potential candidate with whom (the tests) to compare DNA.所有的测试都需要一个潜在的对象，从而可以将DNA与其比较。
例2：He gave the same answer as (he had given) before.他给出的答案和以前一样。
三、试题举例However , it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell at first can suddenly become sensitive to it when exposed to it often enough . (05,完型)【重点词汇解析】insensitive，adj. 感觉迟钝的;expose，vt. 使曝光、揭露、显示【参考翻译】然而我们却发现，即使某些人开始时对某种气味不敏感，如果经常接触这种气味，也会对它敏感起来。
比较句型结构一、理论常识比较结构1. no/not ... other than2. the 比较级……，the 比较级……3. rather ... than ...4. more than / no more than5. less than / no less than6. more A than B / no more A than B7. less A than B / no less A than B8. nothing else than9. as much as10. not as ... as ...11. not so much ... as ...二、试题举例They may teach very well , and more than earn their salaries , but most of them make little or no independent reflections on human problems which involve moral judgment . (2006,50)【重点词汇解析】reflection，n. 反射、沉思;involve，n. 涉及、包含【参考翻译】他们可能擅长教书，而且不仅仅专注于赚钱，但是这些人大部分对涉及人类道德判断的问题很少或没有进行独立的思考。
否定句型结构一、理论常识1. 部分否定Not both of them are my brothers .Both of them are not my brothers .All is not gold that glitters .2. 双重否定双重否定分为三种：肯定型：There are no roses without thorns .强调型：I just can’t do nothing .委婉型：I can’t hardly read your hand writing .3. 几乎否定She is barely right .I seldom got any sleep last night .Few people can understand why he did it .二、试题举例There is no agreement whether methodology refers to the concepts peculiar to historical work in general or to the research techniques appropriate to the various branches of historical inquiry .【重点词汇解析】methodology，n. 方法论;refer to 参考、涉及、指的是; branch，n. 分支 v. 分支、出现分歧【参考翻译】所谓方法论是指一般的历史研究中的特有概念，还是指历史研究中各个具体领域使用的研究手段，人们对此意见不一。
强调句型结构一、理论常识强调主要有两种形式：1. 强调谓语：Eg1 ： I love you . —> I do love you . —> I did love you .Eg2 ： Cell phone / Internet / computer brings us convenience .—> Cell phone / Internet / computer does bring us convenience .2. 强调句式：It is / was + 被强调成分 +that / who + 句子其他成分。
【步骤】a. 先写出正确的简单句、并列句或复合句，明确单句的各个成分。
b. 在被强调成分(除谓语和补语外)两边添加it is / was 和that / who，其他成分不变，必要时调整顺序。
【强调句式特征】去掉it is / was ... that / who结构，整个句子无冗余或成分残缺。
Eg1 ： My mother always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study .—> It is my mother who / that always encourages me not to lose heart when I have difficulties in study .—> It is when I have difficulties in study that my mother always encourages me not to lose heart .二、试题举例Thus , in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers , coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it .【重点词汇解析】couple with 与……相结合;maximize，v. 取……最大值、达到最大值【参考翻译】因此，在美国的经济体系中，个体消费者的需求与商人试图最大化其利润的欲望和个人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相结合，一起决定了什么应该被制造，以及资源如何被用来制造它们。
插入句型一、理论常识插入结构表示说话人的态度和看法，解释或者说明整个句子，去掉之后句子仍然完整。
插入结构的成分可以是副词、形容词短语、介词短语、不定式短语、分词短语或者主谓结构。
在这就不一一论述了。
但值得注意的是插入语的翻译，有些插入语，尤其是位于句首的插入语，可保持原文中的词序。
然而，在许多情况下，需要对英语原文句子的顺序作必要的调整，使译文符合汉语习惯。
二、试题举例But , for a small group of students , professional training might be the way to go since well-developed skills , all other factors being equal , can be the difference between having a job and not .【参考翻译】但是，对一小部分学生来说，专业训练也是条可取的路径。
因为在其他因素相同的情况下，技能的娴熟是得到工作与否的关键。
倒装句型一、理论常识倒装句的几种形式1. 以here , there ,then , now , next引出的倒装句。
Here comes the special guest of the party .There seem to be many beautiful girls in the university .2. 以表地点的介词短语引出的倒装句。
At the school gate stood an old woman .Under the tree are sitting some students .On the bed lay a big teddy bear .注意：主语为代词是不用倒装。
3. 以表示方位的副词引出的倒装句。
Off went the horse .Down fell a dozen apples .4. 否定词或具有否定意义的词及词组用在句首。