高考被动语态讲解及练习题库

一、单项选择被动语态

Please don't stand up in class until you ______.1．are toldBAwere told to ．．were toldDCare told to ．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文to。中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号C选项正确。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故【点睛】to 代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid, toto代替不定式，常同。定式的符号tellprefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try等动词连用。，have beenbe, have,have beenbe, have。注意：如果不定式中含有或或，一般要保留Please n class until you are told to stand upPlease don't stand up i。省略句为：本句还原为：Cdon't stand up in class until you are told to 选项正确。。故

2()The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of 江苏四校第四次考试．the missing________shortly.have been publishedBAwill be published ．．are publishedDChad been published ．．A【答案】【解析】shortly不久，不多时，在句中作时间状语，表示将来，所以空处应该用将来考查时态。时。句意为：这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失，失踪人数很快就会公布。A答案：

Will Uncle Peterson come to my birthday party tomorrow?—3．Pity he ______ to Zimbabwe as a volunteer teacher.—has been sentwas sent BA．．would be sentChad been sent D．．B【答案】——Peterson——很叔叔明天会来参加我的生日聚会吗？【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：ZimbabweUncle Peterson被派到去做志愿教师了。由语境可知，可惜他已经被派到Zimbabwe这是发生在过去的事情，这个动作对现在产生了影响，故该空应用现在完成时Bsendhe选项正确。之间是被动关系，故该句要用被动语态。综上，和态。且主语

Did he decide to take part in the competition?—4．Yes, of course. He _____ to.—had been encouragedhas been encouraging BA．．was to be encouragedhas been encouraged DC．．B 【答案】————是的，当然。他已经被鼓他决定参加比赛吗？【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：heencourage之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故和动词励参加比赛。根据A 此处应该使用过去完成时态的项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，先排除B。被动语态。故选

Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your class photos ______ then.5．have been takenwill be taken Chave taken DAwill take B．．．．B【答案】【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选B。

6Local governments to strengthen water transport safety management recent fatal ．accidents.are being urged, followingare urging, followed BA．．urge, being followedare urged, to follow DC．．B【答案】【解析】考查谓语动词的时态及语态。句意：最近接连发生的致命事故敦促地方政府加强urge sb. to do sth. “”。分析句意可知是，为固定搭配。水路运输安全管理。敦促某人做某事AD是错误的。事件已发生了与事故促使政府加强管理。因此政府与敦促是被动关系，故 B followingto follow。作定语，故不能用，后面的，其次的，下列的。因此要用.It's reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research 7．will have been donehas been done AB．．had been doneDwill be done C．．A【答案】【解析】试题分析：考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国not ..until

的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之才会买进欧盟债务，含有A正确。后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，考点：考查时态及语态

—I wonder why Robert hasn't shown up at the interview yet. It's a pity if he missed8．

—I'm not sure, but he _______ in a traffic jam riding here.should stuckBAcould stuck ．．might have been stuckDCmust have stuck ．．D【答案】【解析】考查含情态动词的被动语态。上句：我想知道为什么罗伯特面试还没有出现。如果他错过了很可惜。下句：我不确定，但是他可能被困于交通堵塞。此处表示对过去已经发生事情D。的推测应该用情态动词的完成式，根据句意可知是被动，故答案为

Have you moved into the new house?9—．Not yet. It ________.—was builtAhas been built B．．had been builtCis being built D．．C【答案】————仍旧没有，它仍旧正【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。句意：你搬进新家了吗？Itthe new housebuilt是被指代上文提到的，是第三人称单数，与在建设。根据语境可知，Cbuilt。这一动作表示正在进行的动作。故选动关系，用被动语态，结合句意，

10In no time______ by a string of measures backing Hainan's efforts to deepen reform

and ．opening-up.the landmark decision was followedA．was the landmark decision followedB．did the landmark decision followC；．the landmark decision had been followed;D．A 【答案】【解析】【详解】考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大In no time（立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句开放。A。陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选【点睛】be动词，情态动词或助动关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，seldomhardlyat no time, in no case, on no occasionHardly 等位于句首时，比如，，比如，does he get late. onlyonly in this way can we 修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如第二，)in no time (succeed.，不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。而本题中立刻，马上

This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.11．buildhas been built BA．．have builthave been built DC．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】考查现在完成时态的被动语态。句意：这是最近我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一the highest buildingsbuild之间是被动关系，再座。此处是先行词，指物，复数形式，且和Crecently。所以句子用现在完成时态的被动语态，故选根据

The officer commanded that everyone passing by ______ that day.12．would be searchedsearch BA．．must be searchedbe searched DC．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】command后面的宾语从句用虚拟考查虚拟语气。句意：军官命令那天经过的人都被搜查。Cshould+everyonesearch。）和语气，（动词原形，此处之间是被动关系，故答案为

Can we play basketball in the school gym?—13．No, it ______ during the summer holidays.—is being repairedis repaired BA．．has been repairedwas repaired DC．．B【答案】【解析】【详解】----不行，暑假期间操场正在被修我们可以在学校操场上打篮球吗？考查时态语态。句意：it和动词之间是被葺。根据句意可知，这里是表示正在进行，所以要用现在进行时。主语B。动关系，所以要用被动语态。故选

14 A human case of H7N9 was reported in 2014 when a woman______ to be infected with the ．bird flu virus.had been confirmedBAconfirmed ．．have confirmedCDwas confirmed ．．C【答案】【解析】2014H7N9年，当时，一名女性被确诊感试题分析：句意：一例人感染病毒的报告发生在was reported in 2014Confirm可知，是过去的事情，先行染了禽流感。证实，确认，根据confirmwomanDB2014是动宾关系，即她、；与，定语从句也用一般过去时，排除词是C。是被确诊的，故选考点：考查时态与被动语态．

More than one worker ______ dismissed.15．arehave been BA．．hashas been DC．．C 【答案】【解析】【详解】many a,more than one考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由AB，＋单数名词和构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除C“”“”。解雇和工人之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选

Why do you look very upset?16—．The electricity was cut off suddenly and my essay ________ unfinished since.—has leftwas left BA．．has been lefthad been left CD．．D【答案】【解析】【详解】————突然停电了，那时我的文章就没考查时态语态。句意：你为什么看起来很沮丧？sinceleaveessay 表示从构成动宾关系，要用被动形式；句中时间状语写完。句中与主语D。那时起到现在文章一直没写完，是现在完成时态的时间状语。故选

We must apply what we have learned to our work because in no case ______ from

practice.17．theory should be separatedshould theory separate BA．．should theory be separatedDCtheory should separate ．．D【答案】【解析】试题分析：句意：我们必须把我们学到的应用到实际生活中去，因为在任何情况下理论都in no caseapply sth to sth…………在从句中的句首，所应用到不应该脱离实际。这里是把，Dseparatetheory。之间是被动关系，故选以应该用倒装，又因为与考点：考查倒装的用法。点评：本题难度适中。倒装是高中阶段的重要的语法项目，它们的各种情况比较多，需要考生牢记它们的用法，但是在从句中的这种倒装更增加了试题的难度。Can you explain_______most deserts are located near the west coast of the 即学即练：continents?

A. why is it that

B. why it is that

C. how it is that

D. how is it that“it is ...that”B对宾语从句的引导词进行强调，应。句意：由句子结构可知，强调句型解析：B。用陈述语序，再由句意可知，选．

18Our society would be better off but for the fact that the economy ________ by the

current ．global financial crisis.were affectedBAhad been affected ．．is affectedDCshould be affected ．．D【答案】【解析】【详解】考查时态和语态。句意：如果不是经济受到当前全球金融危机的影响，我们的社会会更thatthe economyaffect引和好。此处表示一种客观事实，且之间是一种被动关系，所以D。导的同位语从句中用一般现在时态的被动语态，故答案为

This kind of cloth_______well and large quantities of the cloth ________.19．is sold; has been sold have been sold BAis sold．．；sells ; has been soldDCsells have been sold ．．；C【答案】【解析】【详解】sell/wash/burn 等词在表示事考查动词的时态语态。句意：这种布销路很好，已售出大量。”sells“出售，卖；第二空表示物的状态、特点时，可以用主动表被动，因此第一个空应选C。的动作，用被动语态，且强调对现在的影响应该用现在完成时态，故正确答案为

20In the 1980s in this village, there were only muddy roads to the outside, and concrete

ones ．________ yet.hadn't been built Dhadn't builtBhaven't been built Chaven't builtA ．．．．D 【答案】【解析】【详解】8020年代，这个村庄只有泥泞的道路通往外面，混世纪考查动词时态及语态。句意：在“there ”“表示的动作发生在凝土的道路还没有建成。根据语境可知，混凝土的道路还没有建”were only muddy roads”“，应使用过去完成时；过去的过去这一过去的动作之前，属于Dbuildconcrete ones。与是逻辑动宾关系，应使用被动语态。故选

—Pity that I haven't got a ticket for the concert tonight.21．—It doesn't matter. I'm sure it _______ on TV.will broadcastwill be broadcast AB．．is broadcastingDhas been broadcast C．．A【答案】【解析】．

【详解】————没关系，我相信考查动词时态及语态。句意：很可惜我没有今晚的音乐会的票。itconcert，它与它会在电视上现场直播的。因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，代替

Abroadcast。之间是被动关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选【点睛】本题难度适中。

动词的时态和语态放在一起考查增加了试题的难度，需要考生有分析理解复杂的句子结构的能力，必须会根据语境或已给动词的形式来判断动词的时态。如本题itconcertbroadcast之间是被动，

它与中，因为今晚将发生的事，所以应用将来时，代替A。关系，应使用一般现在时的被动语态。故选

Why are you buying a new refrigerator?22––．––The old one ______ so many times that it's not worth it any more.is repairedAhas repaired B．．has been repairingChas been repaired D．．C【答案】————旧的冰箱已经被【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意：你为什么要买一

台新冰箱？修过很多次了，它都不值得再修了。表示现在之前的动作对现在造成的影响用现在完成C”“”“。冰箱修理时，主语和是被动关系，故选

The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn't read them until 3 days later.23．has putput

DBAwere put was put

C．．．．A【答案】【解析】【分析】

【详解】

考查被动语态。句意：给老板的那些信放在他的办公桌上，但是直到三天以后他才读了那letter “”put“”CDletters是复和和放之间是被动的关系，所以排除些信。，然后因为信件Awere put, 。数，谓语动词用故选

24Amy, as well as her brothers, ________ a warm welcome when returning to the village last ．week. are givenBAis given ．．were givenwas given CD．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】．

考查时态和语态。句意：艾米和她的兄弟们当上周回到村里时，受到了热烈的欢迎。根据last weekABAmy，她受到热烈欢迎，所和；本句的主语是可知，应用过去时，排除选项C。以用过

去时的被动。故选

—Why didn't you attend the assembly this morning?25．But I ________ anything about that.—haven't been told Dhaven't told Chadn't been toldB Adidn't tell．．．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】I————没人告诉我。主语你为什么没有参加今天早上的集会？考查时态和语态。句意：”tell “的动作发生在今天早上之前，即过没有告诉和之间是动宾关系，故用被动语态，又Chad been done项。去之过去，故用过去完成时的被动语态，即，故选

26Every year a flood of farmers arrive in Shenzhen for the money-making jobs they_____ ．before leaving their hometowns.were promisedpromised BA．．have been promisedChave promised D．．D 【答案】【解析】句意为：每年大量农民工涌入深圳，去寻找他们离乡前别人给他们许诺的挣钱的工作。此BAC“”项仅表一般过去时的被和，需用被动语态，故排除处农民工是两项；被许诺工作DD“”。动；，故选项表示已经被许诺

27Commercial and recreational fishing _______ population sizes and also made individuals ．smaller, since big fish _______ and smaller ones thrown back.had decreased; are keptdecreased; kept BA．．has decreased; are kepthas decreased; keep CD．．D【答案】【解析】【详解】考查时

态和语态。句意：商业和休闲捕鱼减少了种群规模，也使个体变小，因为大鱼被保留下来，小鱼被扔回大海。结合句意第一空是强调现在的结果，用现在完成时态；第二空Dkeepbig fish。是

被动关系，故答案为是一般现在时态的被动语态，主语与

This project ______ considered thoroughly, and I'm sure it ______ finished on time.28．should be; can bemust be; may be BA．．can be; should bemay be; must be CD．．B【答案】．

【解析】试题分析：句意：这个项目应该被全面地考虑，并且我确定可以准时完成这个项目。should be “”can be “”有能力完成这个项目，表示表示应该能够这个项目要求考虑的全面，

B。所以选考点：考查情态动词

His sister left home in 1998, and_________________ since.29．has not been heard ofBAhad not been heard of ．．has not heard ofDChad not heard of ．．B【答案】【解析】And”1998前用过去式。试题分析：考查时态：句意：他的妹妹在年离家，至今杳无音讯1998has not been heard ofand1998到现在这一段表示从后用表示她年离家这一事实，而时间的状态。现在完成时表示过去发生并且已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果，而且Bhis sisterhear of。和是被动关系，选考点：考查时态

You can't move in right now. The house _____ now.30．is paintedAhas painted B．．is paintingis being painted DC．．C【答案】【解析】【详解】,房子正在被粉刷。根据句意可知，此处应使用现在进考查语态。句意：你现在不能搬进来C选项正确。行时的被动语态。故

近五年高考真题化学大题

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