【精品整理】2020年高考英语二轮复习考点学与练专题01 名词与冠词(高考押题)
2020年高考英语必考点全梳理专题1-名词(高效演练)附解析
专题01名词——高效演练一．单句语法填空1．The__________ (possible)that there is life on other planets in the universe has always inspired scientists to explore the outer space.【答案】possibility【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：宇宙中其它星球上存在生命这种可能性总是激励科学家们去探索外部空间。
故填possibility。
2. Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the _______ （assume）you’ve made.【答案】assumption【解析】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
句意：试着去理解实际发生的事情，而不是按照你所做的假设行事。
故选assumption 。
3.In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible (crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and from work. 【答案】crowds【解析】考查名词。
crowd前没有冠词、指示代词和形容词性人称代词，故用复数形式。
4.But for tourists like me，pandas are its top ________(attract)．【答案】attraction【解析】句意：但是对于像我一样的游客来说，大熊猫是最大的吸引。
形容词top“头等的；最重要的”后面跟名词形式。
2020学年高中英语二轮复习专题专项攻略详解课件：冠词练习
冠词练习
1 ． He owned ________ farm, which looked almost abandoned. 答案：a 考查冠词的用法. farm在文中是第一次出现，且 表示泛指，所以用不定冠词.
2 ． ________ audience of hundreds enjoyed ________ concert given by the famous band yesterday.
The website asks visitors to join in the movement to reduce __5__ number of illiterate (不识字的) people in the world. It is __6__ (absolute) necessary to help those who cannot read. The website says, “It's time to start by reading aloud to __7__ might like it. Share a book with a child who might need it, share a story with someone who would treasure it, listen patiently __8__ someone else's story as they share with you.” The United Nations says, “Literacy involves a variety of learning in enabling individuals to achieve their goals, to develop their knowledge, __9__ to participate fully in society.” In that way, World Read Aloud Day does help make a __10__ (different)．
2020新课标高考英语二轮总复习专题限时训练：2-1-3 名词 代词
A2019·济南市高三模拟考试Dear Mr. Brown，We have learned that you were going back to America for the summer vacation. To express our thank for your excellent teaching in our school, we have decided have a party for you. The party which will start at 6：30 on Friday evening in the lecture hall. It will possible last two hours. To start with, our monitor will give a speech on behalf of a whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us and singing some English songs. In the end of the party, we will present you with some gifts and cards, mostly making by ourselves. I believe you will have a good time together Looking forward to your coming.Yours sincerely，Frank 答案：Dear Mr. Brown，We have learned that you wereare going back to America for the summer vacation.To express our thankthanks for your excellent teaching in our school, we have decided∧tohave a party for you. The party which＼will start at 6：30 on Friday evening in thelecture hall. It will possiblepossibly last two hours. To start with, our monitor will give aspeech on behalf ofathe whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us andsingingsing some English songs. InAt the end of the party, we will present you with somegifts and cards, mostly makingmade by ourselves. I believeyouwe will have a good time.Looking forward to your coming.Yours sincerely，FrankBBe an excellent student with all-round development, Li Hua has been honored as Star of all the subjects but often ranks among the top three in the class. After class, she is active in the playground, music club and some community. The sport he likes most is playing the basketball. He also took great delight in Chinese opera as well singing pop songs. Besides, he takes an actively part in all sorts of social practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, which has set a good example at us.答案：BeBeing an excellent student with all-round development, Li Hua has beenhonored as Star of all the subjects butand often ranks among the top three in the class.After class, shehe is active in the playground, music club and somecommunitycommunities. Thesport he likes most is playing the＼basketball. He also tooktakes great delight in Chineseopera as well ∧as singing pop songs. Besides, he takes anactivelyactive part in all sorts ofsocial practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, whichwho has set a goodexampleatfor/to us.CWith the development of modern technology, there are plenty ways for us to contact people. One of our most favorite ways is probably WeChat. The main reason may be because it is very convenient to use with the popularity of the smart phone.We can contact friends whenever it is but wherever we are. We like using WeChat also because it is very cheap. It costs only a little and is even free unless Wi-Fi is available. Another advantage lies in the speed with which messages get sent and received. It's so fast that we can get in touch with others instantly. More importantly, using WeChat, we can give friends not only very exact written informations but also very moving greeting words, that we might not say face to face. Besides, music as well as pictures and videos are often uploaded through WeChat, so it is now a useful entertainment tool.In a word, using WeChat is a good choice for you to keep in contact with friends.答案：With the development of modern technology, there are plenty ∧of ways for us tocontact people. One of our most＼favorite ways is probably WeChat. The main reasonmay be becausethat it is very convenient to use with the popularity of the smart phone.We can contact friends whenever it is butand wherever we are. We like using WeChatalso because it is very cheap. It costs only a little and is even freeunlessif/when Wi-Fi isavailable. Another advantage lies in the speed withat which messages get sent andreceived. It's so fast that we can get in touch with others instantly. More importantly,using WeChat, we can give friends not only very exact written informations information but alsovery moving greeting words,thatwhich we might not say face to face. Besides, music aswell as pictures and videos areis often uploaded through WeChat, so it is now a usefulentertainment tool.In a word, using WeChat is a good choice for youus to keep in contact withfriends.DI am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China.Over the past few decades we have developed an amazed network of publictransportation.Besides，we have been decided to make efforts to make them much better.I am sure a network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more convenient.People usually chose the means of transportation based with some aspects，such as the cost and the time need.For example, businessmen are more likely travel by plane or high-speed train to save time while office worker tend to take buses or drive to work themselves.答案：I am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China.Over thepast few decades we have developed an amazedamazing network of publictransportation.Besides，we have been＼decided to make efforts to make themit muchbetter.I am sureathe network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere moreconvenient conveniently.People usually chosechoose the means of transportation basedwithon someaspects，such as the cost and the timeneedneeded. For example, businessmen are morelikely ∧to travel by plane or high-speed train to save time while officeworkerworkers tendto take buses or drive to work themselves.。
2020届新高考英语二轮教师用书：第一讲 名词和冠词
第一讲名词和冠词语法项目(一) 名词语法填空题对名词的考查主要包括名词的单复数和所有格，以及给出动词、形容词等提示词要求写出适当的名词形式。
短文改错重点考查名词的单复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。
解答有关名词的题目时，一定要注意名词前的修饰成分，如数词、量词、常修饰可数名词复数和不可数名词的词或短语等，来判断其是需要可数名词单数形式、复数形式还是不可数名词；有的还要结合语境分析句子成分，来判断是否需要作主语、宾语、表语或定语的名词。
如何确定填单复数、所有格还是派生为名词[思考趋向]1．填名词的单复数若提示词是名词，分析句子成分后发现词性不需要改变，此时应考虑填名词的单复数。
2．填名词的所有格提示词为名词时，如果作定语表示“……的”，则一般考查名词的所有格。
3．派生为名词[典例感悟][典例1](2017·全国卷Ⅲ)She has turned down several ________ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies.解析：invitations invitation“邀请”是可数名词，其前有several修饰，应用复数形式。
[典例2](2019·湖南师大附中模拟)This could be ________ (Mary) motto——the expression that best captures her spirit.解析：Mary's此题考查名词的所有格，根据语境应该表示“玛丽的格言”。
[典例3](2017·浙江卷11月)Of course you have to work at it.You wouldn't think that a few ________ (month) of exercise in your teens would be enough for the rest of your life，and that's also true for building your vocabulary—you have to keep at it daily，and pretty soon you will find that you have an excellent vocabulary.解析：months考查名词的数。
高考英语复习知识点：冠词和名词
高考英语复习知识点：冠词和名词单项填空对名词的考察重点放在名词词义辨析，特别是同义词和近义词的辨析上。
名词的习惯用法、一词多义、抽象名词具体化，名词动用等方面也是考察的重点。
以下是店铺为大家编辑的英语学习方法文章，仅供考生参考，欢迎大家阅读!高考英语复习知识点：名词研究近年来高考题我们不难看出，名词部分主要考察名词的词义辨析和习惯搭配、名词的数(可数与不可数、单数与复数)、名词的所有格、抽象名词的具体化、物质名词的量化、名词和冠词的搭配以及主谓一致等。
在高考试题中，名词常结合其他项目一起考察，考察题型以单项选择、短文改错、完形填空、语篇中的名词词义理解、及写作部分等。
一、对同义词、近义词的考查1、At the meeting they discussed three different_______to the study of mathematics。
A.approachesB.meansC.methodsD.ways【答案】D。
【解析】在会议上他们讨论了三种不同的学习数学的方法。
way 意为方式，方法，可指具体的方法，也可指抽象的方法，多指一般的思想、行动、办事的方法，也可指个人特殊的方式、方法。
approach 意为接近，靠近，方式，方法，指接近某人或某事，也可指对待或处理事情的方式或方法。
mean意为方式，方法，用于抽象意义，可指为达到某一目的而采用的方法、计划、政策、策略等，尤指整套方法;用于具体意义，常指为达到某一目的所使用的工具、材料、机器、用具、车船等。
method意为方式，方法，指具体的、系统的、有步骤的方法，强调条理性及高效率。
【备考提示】面对英语学习中的大量近义词，仅凭母语我们往往无法把它们真正理解和解释清楚。
要尽可能地多翻阅英语词典，注意并比较它们的基本义，用英语的思维方式和语言来解释和理解它们。
二、对相似词的考查2、Always read the_______on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine.A. explanationsB. instructionsC. descriptionsD. introductions【答案】B。
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第十一讲名词与冠词
2019-2020年高考英语二轮复习专题一语法知识第十一讲名词与冠词考点1 名词词义辨析，包括同缀、形近、意近和无关联词1．There is no need to tell me your answer now.Give it some________and then let me know.(xx·安徽，30) A．thought B．supportC．protection D．authority答案 A解析句意为：现在没有必要告诉我你的答案。
多思考一下，再让我知道。
thought思想，思考，符合句意。
support支持，维持，支援，供养；protection保护，防卫；authority 权威，权力，当局。
2．One of the most effective ways to reduce ________ is to talk about feelings with someone you trust.(xx·浙江，15)A．production B．stressC．energy D．power答案 B解析句意为：减少压力最有效的方法之一就是与你信任的人谈谈你的感受。
stress压力，紧张，符合语境。
production生产，制作，产品；energy精力，活力，干劲；power权力，势力，影响力。
3．Some schools will have to make ________ in agreement with the national soccer reform.(xx·江苏，32) A．judgments B．adjustmentsC．ments D．achievements答案 B解析句意为：为了与国家足球改革相一致，一些学校将不得不做出调整。
judgment判断；adjustment调整，适应；ment评论；achievement成果，成就。
故选B项。
2020新课标高考英语二轮总复习专题限时训练：2-1-3 名词 代词
A2019·济南市高三模拟考试Dear Mr. Brown ，We have learned that you were going back to America for the summer vacation. To express our thank for your excellent teaching in our school, we have decided have a party for you. The party which will start at 6：30 on Friday evening in the lecture hall. It will possible last two hours. To start with, our monitor will give a speech on behalf of a whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us and singing some English songs. In the end of the party, we will present you with some gifts and cards, mostly making by ourselves. I believe you will have a good time togetherLooking forward to your coming.Yours sincerely ，Frank答案：Dear Mr. Brown ，We have learned that you going back to America for the summer vacation.were are To express our for your excellent teaching in our school, we have decided thank thanks ∧tohave a party for you. The party will start at 6：30 on Friday evening in the which＼lecture hall. It will last two hours. To start with, our monitor will give apossible possibly speech on behalf of whole class. Then we would like to invite you to join us and a the some English songs. the end of the party, we will present you with some singing sing In At gifts and cards, mostly by ourselves. I believe will have a good time. making made you we Looking forward to your coming.Yours sincerely ，FrankBBe an excellent student with allround development, Li Hua has been honored as Star of all the subjects but often ranks among the top three in the class. After class, she is active in the playground, music club and some community. The sport he likes most is playing the basketball. He also took great delight in Chinese opera as well singing pop songs. Besides, he takes an actively part in all sorts of social practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, which has set a good example at us.答案：an excellent student with allround development, Li Hua has been honoredBe Being as Star of all the subjects often ranks among the top three in the class. After class, but and is active in the playground, music club and some . The sport he likesshe he community communities most is playing basketball. He also great delight in Chinese opera as well the＼took takes singing pop songs. Besides, he takes an part in all sorts of social∧ as actively active practices. In a word, Li Hua is an outstanding student, has set a good example which who us.at for/to CWith the development of modern technology, there are plenty ways for us to contact people. One of our most favorite ways is probably WeChat. The main reason may be because it is very convenient to use with the popularity of the smart phone. We can contact friends whenever it is but wherever we are. We like using WeChat also because it is very cheap. It costs only a little and is even free unless WiFi is available. Another advantage lies in the speed with which messages get sent and received. It's so fast that we can get in touch with others instantly. More importantly, using WeChat, we can give friends not only very exact written informations but also very moving greeting words, that we might not say face to face. Besides, music aswell as pictures and videos are often uploaded through WeChat, so it is now a useful entertainment tool.In a word, using WeChat is a good choice for you to keep in contact with friends.答案：With the development of modern technology, there are plenty ways for us ∧ofto contact people. One of our favorite ways is probably WeChat. The main most＼reason may be it is very convenient to use with the popularity of the smartbecause that phone. We can contact friends whenever it is wherever we are. We like usingbut and WeChat also because it is very cheap. It costs only a little and is even freeunless if/when WiFi is available. Another advantage lies in the speed which messages get sent with at and received. It's so fast that we can get in touch with others instantly. More importantly, using WeChat, we can give friends not only very exact written but also very moving greeting words, we might not say face toinformations information that which face. Besides, music as well as pictures and videos often uploaded through are is WeChat, so it is now a useful entertainment tool.In a word, using WeChat is a good choice for to keep in contact with friends.you us DI am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China.Over the past few decades we have developed an amazed network of public transportation.Besides ，we have been decided to make efforts to make them much better.I am sure a network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more convenient.People usually chose the means of transportation based with some aspects ，such as the cost and the time need.For example, businessmen are more likely travel by plane or highspeed train to save time while office worker tend to take buses or drive to work themselves.答案：I am writing to tell you something about the transportation in China.Over thepast few decades we have developed an network of publicamazed amazing transportation.Besides ，we have decided to make efforts to make much been＼them it better.I am sure network will satisfy your needs for traveling everywhere more a the .People usually the means of transportation based some convenient conveniently chose choose with on aspects ，such as the cost and the time . For example, businessmen are moreneed needed likely travel by plane or highspeed train to save time while office tend ∧toworker workers to take buses or drive to work themselves.。
高考英语二轮限时专题精测：2-10 名词和冠词(含答案)
专题十名词和冠词Ⅰ.用适当的冠词填空1．After ________ careful consideration，they finally decided that each child will be offered ________university education.2．According to ________ People's Daily article,40% of the wild animals have died out in ________ past 30 years.3．Liu Yang is ________ first woman astronaut in China who reached ________ space.4．One hundred thousand years ago，________ choice was simple when it came to ________ drink—there was no choice.It was water or nothing.5．______ walk is expected to last all day，so bring ________ packed lunch.6．I'll be busy on ________ Sunday morning，and perhaps I'll have ________ late night.7．Finally the climbers got to________ place which had never been visited by ________ man.8．My summer camp isn't ________ good fun，but it is ________ real learning experience for me. 9．Mr.Wang，________ manager of our company，and other leaders attended the anniversary celebration at ______ Great Hall of the People in Beijing.10．________ news that my son was admitted by Tsinghua University was ________ honor for all of my family.11．Cooking calls for ________ patience and time but it is ________ enjoyable experience.答案 1./；a 2.a；the 3.the；/ 4.the；a 5.The；a 6./；a 7.a；/ 8./；a 9./；the 10.The；an 11./；anⅡ.根据汉语提示或所给词的适当形式填空1．Sometimes it's a bit challenging to reach a ________(折中) between parents' expectations and their kids' desires.2．Some students think they enjoy reading just out of interest，but others argue that a better score is their main ________(动力)．3．—What does PM2.5 mean?—It's a professional ________ (术语) indicating the condition of air pollution.4．The actress received an award for her ________ (devote) to charity work.5．In recent years，many mainland residents have rushed to Hong Kong to buy baby milk powder due to their ______(anxious) about its quality.6．It is high time that we started to consider what ________(measure) we should take to reduce heavy smog caused by traffic fumes and other pollutants.7．The teachers hope students can keep a ________(平衡) between work and relaxation.8．The new system has been designed to give students quick and easy ________(接近，进入) to the digital resources of the library.9．My morning ________(常规) includes jogging in the park and reading newspapers over breakfast. 10．People all believe that ________(barrier) to free trade destroy wealth，benefiting no one in the long run.11．—Would you do me a favor to choose a wedding dress?—Of course，but it is a matter of personal ________(tasty)．12．We bought the house for its ________(convenient)．It is very near the shop where I work.答案1promise 2.motivation 3.term 4.devotion 5．anxiety 6.measures 7.balance 8.access9.routine 10.barriers 11.taste 12.convenience用适当的冠词和名词填空AM：Are you looking forward to your trip to __1__(Canadian)，Susan?W: I can't wait to go there，Jason，but I' m scared stiff of __2__ journey.My husband insists on flying，but I want to sail.Planes make me nervous.M: There's nothing to be frightened of.How many __3__(plane) fly across the Atlantic every day? W: I've no idea.Hundreds，I suppose.M: And how often do you hear of a crash? Once or twice __4__year?W: Yes，but aeroplanes fly so high and fast that once is enough.M: There are more road __5__( accident) per day than air deaths per year.Air transport is really safe compared with road transport.W: I still prefer to go by __6__(sea)．Ships may not travel fast but at least you can relax.I'd lovea trip on a luxury liner like the Queen Elizabeth II.M: It's fine if you're __7__experienced sailor，but have you ever traveled far in a rough sea? W: No.I've only been in __8__boat once.I sailed down __9__ River Thames on a sightseeing tour，but in any __10__(case) I'd rather be seasick than dead.答案 1.Canada 2.the 3.planes 4.a 5.accidents 6．sea 7.an 8.a 9.the 10.caseB1．Two ________ (月) ago，three ________(英雄) caught four ________(小偷) .They made them plant some ________(土豆) and ________(竹子) in two ________(动物园) .They also made their ________(妻子们) return the four big ________(箱子) with some precious ________(照片) and ________(刷子) in them.2．Two ________________(主编)，three ________________(男教师) and five ________________(女医生)，together with their ________(孩子们)，went to the market.They decided to buy two ________(绵羊)，three ________(鹿)，four ________(公牛)，five ________(鹅) and six white ________(老鼠) with three ________(脚) and six ________(牙齿)．答案 1.months heroes thieves potatoes bamboos zoos wives boxes photos brushes2.editorsinchief men teachers women doctors children sheep deer oxen geese mice feet teethCA high school history teacher once told us，“If you make one close friend in school，you will be most lucky.A true friend is someone who stays with you for life.”Experience shows that he was right.Good __1__(friend) are just not easily formed.To most of us，friendships are thought very important，but we need to have the kinds of friendships we want.Are they to be close or kept at arm's __2__ (long) ？Do we want to share ourselves or do we want to walk on the surface? For some people，many friendships on the surface are quite enough and that's all right.But at some point we need to make sure that our __3__(expect) are the same as our __4__ (friend) expectations.The sharing of __5__ (person) experience is the surest way __6__ (deepen) friendships.But it must be undertaken slowly and carried on only if there are signs of interest and __7__ (act) return.What are some of the difficulties to friendship？The greatest is the __8__ (attract) to expect too much too soon.Deep relationships take time.Another main difficulty is the __9__ (selfish) to think one“owns” the other，including his time and __10__ (attend)．Similarly，friendships need actions in return.In other words，you must give as much as you take.Finally there is a question of taking care of each other.Unless you spend reasonable time together，talking on the phone，writing letters or doing things together，friendships will die away.答案 1.friendships 2.length 3.expectations 4.friends'5．personal 6.to deepen/of deepening 7.action 8.attraction 9.selfishness 10.attentionDYesterday we had dinner at __1__ (Mr.White)．Perhaps some dish didn't agree with me and I felt bad after dinner.So I had to go to the __2__ (doctor)．__3__ doctor gave me some __4__(medical)．I felt __5__(well) but I couldn't finish __6__ (yesterday) homework.My mother was __7__(happy)，but my father thought it __8__ pleasure for me to know Mr.White，__9__ famous writer.As for me，I thought Mr.White focused too much on __10__(succeed) because he didn't want to be a __11__(fail)．答案 1.Mr.White's 2.doctor's 3.The 4.medicine 5．better 6.yesterday's 7.unhappy 8.a 9.a 10.success 11.failure用名词的一些固定搭配或与冠词相关的结构替换画线部分内容1. I saw a lot of rubbish in the street the other day.→I __________________________ a lot of rubbish in the street t he other day.2．You should spend your spare time improving English.→You should ___________________________________ your spare time to improve English.3．The teacher entered the office，with_a_book_in_his_hand.→The teacher entered the office，___________________.4．Although_she_is_a_child，she shows a great passion for the stars.→___________________________________，she shows a great passion for the stars. 答案 1.caught sight of 2.make full use of 3.book in hand 4.Child though/as she is。
2020高考英语二轮单项选择 通用题+名词专题(1)
2020;2020高考英语二轮单项选择---通用题+名词专题（1）（答案）1. --- Could you mail these letters for me please?--- _____ letters? Your friends are going to be very happy to hear from you again.A. WhatB. SomeC. MoreD. Different2. The police came and they soon got the situation well _____.A. by handB. in handC. on handD. with hand3. How much would you _____ for repairing my watch?A. spendB. costC. chargeD. pay4. --- This is my new dog. His name is Wisdom.--- That’s interesting. Why _____ d id you give him such a name?A. in the earthB. in worldC. on earthD. on the world5. It isn’t so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works _____.A. above allB. in allC. at allD. after all6. If you want to see a doctor, you fix a date with him ahead of time. That is a common _____ in the USA.A. senseB. practiceC. ruleD. point7. In my opinion, what he told us just now about the affair simply doesn’t make any _____.A. meaningB. ideaC. senseD. point8. Read the poem more slowly, with a slight _____ at the end of each line.A. pauseB. stopC. restD. space9. As a result of the heavy snow, the highway has been closed up until further _____.A. newsB. informationC. notic eD. message10. The trees in that thick forest are so close together that there is hardly any room to move _____ them.A. betweenB. inC. amongD. across11. --- The secretary wrote _____ note to the manager.--- I guess she forgot writing one.A. the otherB. oneC. one moreD. another12. --- Some people believe that robots will take over the world one day. --- What if that is the _____?A. thingB. resultC. caseD. end13. --- It is very cold today.--- Yes. Surprisingly cold _____ May.A. inB. atC. forD. during14. The collaps of the World Trade Centre has put US economy in a difficult _____.A. occasionB. caseC. situationD. background15. After swimming in the sea, they came out of water and lay on the _____ for a rest.A. bankB. coastC. s easideD. beach参考答案1—5、CBCCC 6—10、BC ACA 11—15、CCCCD********************************************************结束1．(2020;2020·湖北襄樊中学期中考试)With international______ and education exchanges increasing every year, the number of Chinese students studying abroad has increased rapidly.A．cooperation B．competitionC．construction D．conflict[解析]cooperation 合作。
2020高考英语语法专题一 名词和冠词
高考雷达 考点归纳
3.双重所有格 所谓双重所有格就是指将-’s所有格与of所有格结合起来一起 使用。 a friend of my father’s 我父亲的一位朋友 a photo of Mr Smith’s 史密斯先生的一张照片
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高考雷达 考点归纳
考点三 常见名词后缀 1.动词变名词的后缀
teach→teacher 老师
-er/-or/-ar
announce→announcer 播音员 conduct→conductor 指挥;售票员
beg→beggar 乞丐
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高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ment
-ance/-ence -ing
例词
achieve→achievement 功绩;成就 argue→argument 辩论;论据 punish→punishment 惩罚 equip→equipment 装备;设备 perform→performance 表演;节目 appear→appearance 出现;外貌 exist→existence 存在;生存 prefer→preference 偏爱 hear→hearing 听力;听觉 begin→beginning 开始
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高考雷达 考点归纳
后缀 -ure/-ture -y 其他
例词
press→pressure 压力 fail→failure 失败;没做到 mix→mixture 混合;混合物 depart→departure 离开;出发 recover→recovery 恢复;痊愈 discover→discovery 发现 choose→choice 选择 vary→variety 多样化;种类 tend→tendency 趋向;趋势
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高考押题专练 1．When you enter a hotel, the top ________ is to find out where all the available exit routes are in case you need to get out in an emergency. A．privilege B．priority C．preference D．principle 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你进入酒店时，你的首要任务是找出所有可用的出口路线，以防你需要在紧急情况下离开。priority“优先事项，首要事情”，符合句意。privilege“特权”；preference“偏爱，偏爱的事物”；principle“规范，原则”。 2．The health of garden plants depends on the soil ________ —the proper balance of mineral pieces, organic matter, air, and water. A．construction B．conservation C．corporation D．composition 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：园艺植物的健康取决于土壤的组成成分——矿物质、有机物质、空气和水的适当平衡。composition“构成，成分”，符合语境。construction“建造， 建筑”；conservation“保存，保护”；corporation“法人，大型公司”。 3．The audience burst into laughter because of the ________ of the tongue from the host, who said, “Good ladies, evening and gentlemen.” A．slip B．slide C．seal D．spit 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：由于主持人的口误，观众突然大笑起来，主持人说：“女士们好，晚上和先生们。” a slip of the tongue“口误”，符合语境。slide“滑动”；seal“印章，封条”；spit“唾沫”。 4．Mo Yan, a most widelyread writer，takes a complete new________ to describing China’s rural and folk culture. A．way B．approach C．passage D．entry 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：莫言的作品被广泛阅读，他采用了全新的方法来描述中国的乡村民间文化。an approach to为固定搭配，相当于a way of，意为“……的方法”；passage指人们行走的“通道，走廊”，不符合本句要求；entry意为“进入，进入权，入口处”，不符合本句要求。 5．Music grows and evolves through the ________ of different cultures and styles. A．interaction B．competition C．connection D．interpretation 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：音乐是通过不同文化和风格的互相影响而发展和演变的。interaction“互相影响，互相作用”；competition“竞争”；connection“联系”；interpretation“理解，演绎”。 6．She was admitted to college and she had to make some ________ and learn to lead an independent life there. A．progress B．adjustment C．difference D．assessment 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：她被大学录取了，因此她不得不做些调整并学会在那儿独立生活。adjustment“调整，调节”，符合语境。progress“进步”；difference“差异，不同”；assessment“评价，评估”。 7．The survey shows that the US is still a favorite ________ for studying abroad. A．opportunity B．destination C．challenge D．qualification 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：调查表明，美国依旧是人们出国留学最喜欢的目的地。根据句意可知，此处应填destination“目的地”，故答案选B项。 8．—Mr. Smith, when can I go to America? —I’ve made a ________ for you on the morning flight. A．regulation B．presentation C．reservation D．contribution 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：——史密斯先生，我什么时候能去美国？——我已经为你预订了一个早班飞机的座位。根据句意，表示“预订”要用make a reservation。regulation“管理，规则”；presentation“展示，描述，陈述”；contribution“贡献，捐献”，均不符合句意。 9．Many people think that the sentence of death is too severe a(n) ________ for any crime. A．defeat B．treatment C．punishment D．injury 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：许多人认为死刑对任何犯罪来说都是太严厉的处罚。a severe punishment表示“严厉的处罚”，故选punishment。 10．When asked what is the ________ of happiness, different people will give different answers. A．habit B．source C．origin D．resource 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当被问到什么是快乐的源泉这个问题时，不同的人会给出不同的答案。habit“习惯，习性”；source“根源，来源”；origin“起源，血统”；resource“资源”。 11．Though spending much time on events out of their control, they felt some ________ to be at an advantage finally. A．amazement B．relief C．curiosity D．nervousness 【答案】B 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：尽管在不受他们控制的事情上花了大量时间，但最终能够处于优势让他们略感宽慰。amazement“惊讶”；relief“宽慰，轻松”；curiosity“好奇心”；nervousness“紧张不安”。 12．Finding information in today’s world is easy.The ________ is how you can tell whether the information you get is useful or not. A．knowledge B．ability C．competition D．challenge 【答案】D 【解析】句意：当今世界找信息很容易，挑战在于你如何辨别你所获得的信息是否有用。A.知识；B.能力；C.竞赛；D.挑战，艰巨任务。故选D。 13．It is astonishing what you can do with chocolate if you have enough of it.Give full play to your ________ and have a try! A．imagination B．puzzlement C．attention D．qualification 【答案】A 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：如果你有足够多的巧克力，你能用它做出来的东西令人吃惊。充分发挥你的想象力去尝试一下吧！根据语境可知，此空填imagination“想象力”。puzzlement“疑惑”；attention“注意力”；qualification“资格”。 14．The patient’s family has expressed their ________ to the press in letters for the money raised. A．purpose B．apologies C．gratitude D．sympathy 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：病人家属在信中为收到的捐款向媒体表达了感激之情。purpose“目的”；apology“道歉”；gratitude“感激；感谢”；sympathy“同情”。 15．When you cast a________for others, you help them see their potential and their possibilities. A．glance B．doubt C．shadow D．vision 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：当你为他人投射一个愿景时，你帮助他们看到自己的潜力和可能性。glance意为“一瞥”；doubt意为“怀疑”；shadow意为“影子”；vision意为“构想，设想”。根据句意可知应选D项。 16．The ________ of cultures between Europeans and the Romanies led to many nations taking action against them. A．cooperation B．similarity C．convention D．collision 【答案】D 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：欧洲人和吉卜赛人之间的文化冲突导致了许多国家对他们采取行动。cooperation“合作”；similarity“相似处”；convention“习俗”；collision“碰撞，冲突”。根据语境可知选D项。 17．As is often the case, teachers’ ________ with parents involve complaints about children’s misbehaviors and laziness in school. A．acquaintances B．negotiations C．conferences D．consultations 【答案】C 【解析】考查名词辨析。句意：情况经常是这样，家长会上老师抱怨孩子们在校的顽皮和懒惰。