英国文学选读复习
英国文学选读
Poetry
1,Shelley Ode to the W est Wind 《西风颂》雪莱
Shelley has a reputation as a difficult poet: erudite, imagistically complex, full of classical and mythological allusions. His style abounds in personification and metaphor and other figures of speech.。
Ode: an elaborately formal lyric poem, often in the form of a lengthy ceremonious address to a person or abstract entity, always serious and elevated in tone.
One of Shelley's most celebrated works, it was written by Shelley on a day when the weather was unpredictable and windy, the poem reflects the mood of the weather and expresses Shelley?s desire for creativeness and intellect.
This poem reveals Shelley?s view of life. The power and the cycle of nature are presented in a mythical way. The wind represents the revival, but just of the existing things.
In it we see Shelley fusing the airy imagery, the interplay of colour and light and shadow which are his poetic forte, with the philosophical and moral concerns that tinged his political life.
…Ode to the West Wind? is written in terza rima，a poetic rhyme scheme which involve interlocking rhymes,
written in iambic tercets. The rhyme scheme is aba bcb cdc ded (and so forth) for as long as the poet wishes to continue, thus the rhyme scheme is aba bcb cdc ded ee. The lines themselves are in a (not very rigorous) pentameter.
Apart from the alliteration it is also worth noting the capitalisation of West Wind in the poem. In typically Romantic fashion an abstract quality or aspect of Nature is personified and addressed in the poem, such that it appears divine or god-like, or as an expression of the divine entity.
Overall Analysis
The "West Wind" and Shelley himself are the main characters of the ode. The "West Wind" represents liberty, the untamedness of nature and power for Shelley. The wind is the changing part in nature, which also controls heaven and the sea. It can stand for death, but at the same time it means life.
On the one hand, the wind that Shelley discribes is simple in its function ("Destroyer and preserver"), but on the other hand it is a mystical thing. Its power and its position in nature can only be compared with the function of a god. The wind decides on life and death.
Shelley sees the wind as a chance to get a new inspiration and to transmit his ideas and "prophecy".
2,William Wordsworth
the “Lake Poets”: Wordsworth, Southey and Coleridge
In 1843, Wordsworth succeeded Southey as Poet Laureate
Major features of Lyrical Ballads:《抒情诗集》
1) simplicity of much of the language;
2) sympathy with the poor;
3) fusion of natural description with expressions of inward states of mind.
Position/Contribution
the leading figure of the English romantic poetry
Contribution: started the modern poetry, the poetry of the growing inner self; changed the course of English poetry by using ordinary speech and by advocating a return to nature
Daffodils/The Daffodils I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud《我好似一片孤独的流云》
1. Background
The poem was inspired by an April 15, 1802 event in which Wordsworth and his sister, Dorothy, came across a “long belt” of daffodils. The poem was written in 1804 and his inspiration for the poem came from an account written by Dorothy.
2. Form
four six-line stanzas; quatrain-couplet;
The W A VES | be SIDE | them DANCED;| but THEY
Out-DID | the SPARK | ling WA VES | in GLEE;
A PO | et COULD | not BUT | be GA Y,
In SUCH | a JOC | und COM | pa NY:
I GAZED— | and GAZED— | but LIT | tle THOUGHT
What WEALTH | the SHOW | to ME |had BROUGHT
rhyme-scheme: ababcc
meter: iambic tetrameter
Q: What figures of speech are used in this stanza?
A: 1) simile: “I” →cloud
2) personification: comparison of
daffodils to dancing human beings
3) alliteration: high o?er vales and hills;
Beside the lake, beneath the trees
hyperbole: “never-ending line”, “Ten thousand saw I at a glance”;
expressing the intensity of the speaker’s excitement and joyous imaginations
Q: Why is there a change of tense in the last stanza?
A: The first three stanzas: the experience at the lake; the last stanza: memory of that experience.
Themes:
1. Nature?s b eauty uplifts the human spirit.
2. People sometimes fail to appreciate nature?s wonders as they go about their daily routines.
Lines 17 and 18 suggest this theme.
3. This poem discloses the relationship between nature and human beings: how nature can
affec t one?s emotion and behavior with its motion and sound.
Features of Wordsworth’s poetry:
1) simplicity of language;
2) strong emotion: “golden”, “dancing”, “bliss”
3) the beauty of nature, and a reconciliation of man with his environment
3,William Blake
When did Pre-romanticism appear?
in the latter half of the 18th century
What are the main features of Pre-romanticism?
Romantic Revival;
Strong protest against the bondage of Classicism
Claims of passion and emotion
Renewed interests in medieval literature
Who are the representatives?
William Blake and Robert Burns
What’s the significance?
marked the decline of classicism
paved the way for the coming of romanticism in England
point of view
Politically
Black was a rebel, making friends with those radicals. He strongly criticized the capitalist cruel exploitation. He cherished great expectations and enthusiasm for the French Revolution. He once said the "dark satanic mills left men employed , killed children and forced prostitution".
Literarily
Black was the first important romantic poet, showing contempt for the rule of reason, opposite the classical tradition of the 18th century, and treasuring the individual's imagination.
Major Literary W orks
Songs of Innocence(1809)
A lovely volume of po Songs of Innocence(1809) ems, presenting a happy and innocent world, though not without its evils and sufferings.
However, in “The little black boy” and “The chimney sweeper”, we find racial discrimination and sufferings of the poor.
Songs of Experience (1794)
A much mature work.. Show the sufferings of the miserable
It marks the poet?s progress in his outlook on life. To him, experience had brought a fuller sense of the power of evil, and of the great misery and pain of the people?s life.
The symbol changes from the lamb to the tiger
The Lamb
The use of repetition and parallelism allows for a very predictable and simple presentation
which is nothing less than intentionally child-like.
The Tiger
What parts of the tiger have been described in the poem?
eyes: burning bright in darkness/ fiery
figure: in fearful symmetry
heart: hard to twist its sinews; sturdy
hand and feet: dreadful
brain: framed in furnace; strong
Is it a realistic description of the tiger?
more than a literal animal, a powerful force
What does the tiger stand for or symbolize?
powerful force with terror, mystery and violence
eg: fearful symmetry, dread hand
obscure in symbolic meaning
What does the poem glorify?
In which year was the poem written? Any connection with the historical background? in 1794
How to interpret the two lines “when the stars threw down their spears/ and water’d heaven with their tears”?
heavy touch of religion allusion
Satan’s revolt against God
Allusions in the poem:
In line 8 a possible reference to Prometheus ; to Satan and his angels in lines 17 and 18; and also to the God of Old Testament
The simple use of exclamation points after the word “Tiger” help to emphasize the urgency of the question.
Symbolism
The creation verbs “twist,” “dare,” “burnt,” and “seize” emphasize the danger and daring of the creation act, while the place of creation is described as a distant, fiery, furnace. And the “hammer,” “anvil,” and “furnace” are images of an industrial revolution which Blake would have seen approaching in his lifetime
The creator persona featured in the poem “twisted the sinews” of the tiger heart. These sinews are the tendons which make the heart work; they are the source of power, the biological engine as well as a symbol of the ti ger?s passion for living.
4,William Shakespeare
?the greatest of all English authors
? a landmark in the history of world culture and literature
?The first founders of realism, a masterhand at realistic portrayal of human characters and relations
?Four great tragedies: Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, and Hamlet.
?Four great comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream, The Merchant of Venice, As You Like It, Twelfth Night
?The rhyme scheme is as follows:abab cdcd efef gg
?Sonnet 18
?Simile and Rhetorical question
?the 1st line, used to create a tone of respect, and to engage the audience. ?Personification:
?line 5,6 and line 11, used to elevate the sun and death.
And often is his gold complexion dimmed
Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May
?hyperbole
?thy eternal summer
?Nor shall death brag thou wander? st in his shade
?metaphor
?And summer?s lease hath all too short a date
?Parallelism: the final couplet, used to emphasize the message: the beauty of the subject will be immortalized by the power of his art
?pun
?And every fair from fair sometime declines
?Metaphysical Poets (玄学派诗人)
?The term “metaphysical poetry”is commonly used to designate the work of the 17th-century poets who wrote under the influence of John Donne.
?The metaphysical poets were, in their own time, modern and revolutionary. This group of poets, with John Donne and George Herbert as representatives, with a rebellious spirit, tried to break away from the conventional, out-fashioned, worn-out fashion of Elizabethan love poetry, in particular the Petrarchan tradition, which is full of refined language, polished rhyme schemes and eulogy颂词to ideal love.
?Cavalier Poetry(骑士派诗人)
?Robert Herrick is one of the representatives of Cavalier Poetry. Between the Metaphysicals and the Cavaliers there is a similar awareness of mortality, which is expressed as an intense melancholy by the former, and by the latter as a bitter consciousness of the transitoriness (短暂) of human glory and joy.
?Lyrical: A red, red rose
?How does the narrator in the love song express his love?
?to use many figures of speeches: simile, metaphor, repetition
?Why is this poem so touching to the readers?
?1) original flavor in fiery and direct expression: directly passionate2) artistic recreation; imagery presentation: newly sprung rose/ sweetly played melody3) in repetition to stir an echoing effect
?Write 500-word summary on Burns’lyric “A red, red rose”.
?This is one of Burns’popular love lyrics and is also a good example of how the poet made use of old Scottish folk poetry and created immortal lines by revising the old folk material. The extreme simplic ity of the language and the charming rhythmic beat of the verse express better than anything else the poet’s true sentiments toward his beloved
Dramma
Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today.
?Blank verse: An unrhymed iambic pentameter line.
?Because blank verse approximates the natural rhythms of English speech, it is one of the best known and most widely used metrical patterns in English poetry.
?The natural speech rhythm of the English language is iambic, and the typical length of an utterance is usually about ten syllables, since that is approximately how long most people can speak comfortably without pausing to take a breath.
Soliloquy: A dramatic or literary form of discourse in which a character reveals his or her thoughts when alone or unaware of the presence of other characters
Hamlet’s Character
?The cast of Hamlet?s mind is so speculative, so questioning, and so contemplative.
?His life is one of constant role-playing, examining the nature of action only to deny its possibility, for he is too sophisticated to degrade his nature to the conventional role a stage revenger.
The Form of the Soliloquy：Blank V erse
?Blank verse (素体诗): an unrhymed iambic pentameter lines （无韵的抑扬五步格）.
?Unrhymed: having no regular correspondence of sounds at the ends of lines.
?iambus: a metrical foot consisting of an unstressed syllable (-) followed by a stressed syllable (\), e.g.: be gin (- \).
?A pentameter means a line of verse consisting of five metrical feet.
?A foot is (usually) two or three syllables that contain one strong stress.
?- \ - \ - \ ﹨－\ -
?To be, | or not | to be: | that | is the ques（tion:
\ - - \ - \ - \ - \ - ?Wh | ether 'tis nob | ler in | the mind | to su(ffer
?Notes:
?It is written in iambic pentameter, but the last syllable is not stressed but unstressed. It seems an extra in this case, and should be pronounced with the least effort.
?Syllables of this kind is named “hypermetrical syllable”.
?Pride and Prejudice
?人物分析
?Mr. Darcy is an intelligent, wealthy, extremely handsome and reserved 28-year-old
man,who often appears haughty or proud to strangers but possesses an honest and kind nature underneath
?Elizabeth is an intelligent, bold, attractive twenty-year-old when the story begins. In addition to being her father's favourite, Elizabeth is characterized as a sensible, yet stubborn, woman.
2020年1月浙江自学考试试题及答案解析英国文学选读试卷及答案解析
浙江省2018年1月高等教育自学考试 英国文学选读试题 课程代码：10054 Part I. Choose the relevant match from Column B for each item in Column A. (10%) Section A A B (1)Jonathan Swift（） A. The Rainbow (2)D.H. Lawrence （） B. Adam Bede (3)Emily Brontё（） C. Gulliver’s Travels (4)Thomas Hardy （） D. Wuthering Heights (5)George Eliot（） E. Far From the Madding Crowd Section B A B (1) Middlemarch（） A. Shylock (2) Jane Eyre（） B. Sir Peter Teazle (3) The Merchant of Venice（） C. Mr. Rochester (4) Mrs. Warren’s Profession（） D. Will Ladislas (5) The School for Scandal（） E. Vivie Part II. Complete each of the following statements with a proper word or a phrase according to the textbook. (5%) 1. In Paradise Lost, the author intended to expose the ways of Satan and to “justify the ways of _________ to men.” 2. As the greatest novelist of the Victorian period, Charles Dickens set out a full map, and a large -scale criticism of the _________century. 3. In Jane Austen’s novels, stories of _________ and marriage provide the major themes. 4. In the novel Tess of the D’Urbervilles, the two men Alec and _________ are both agents of the destructive force of the society. 1
王守仁《英国文学选读》译文汇总.
Unit 1 Geoffrey Chaucer 1343-1400 夏雨给大地带来了喜悦送走了土壤干裂的三月沐浴着草木的丝丝经络顿时百花盛开生机勃勃西风轻吹留下清香缕缕田野复苏吐出芳草绿绿碧蓝的天空腾起一轮红日青春的太阳洒下万道金辉小鸟的歌喉多么清脆优美迷人的夏夜怎好安然入睡美丽的自然撩拨万物的心弦多情的鸟儿歌唱爱情的欣欢香客盼望膜拜圣徒的灵台僧侣立愿云游陌生的滨海信徒来自全国东西南北众人结伴奔向坎特伯雷去朝谢医病救世的恩主以缅怀大恩大德的圣徒那是个初夏方临的日子我到泰巴旅店投宿歇息怀着一颗虔诚的赤子心我准备翌日出发去朝圣黄昏前后华灯初上时分旅店院里涌入很多客人二十九人来自各行各业不期而遇都到旅店过夜这些香客人人虔心诚意次日要骑马去坎特伯雷客房与马厩宽敞又洁净店主的招待周到而殷勤夕阳刚从地平线上消失众人同我已经相互结识大家约好不等鸡鸣就起床迎着熹微晨光干燥把路上可是在我叙述故事之前让我占用诸位一点时间依我之见似乎还很必要把每人的情况作些介绍谈谈他们从事什么行业社会地位属于哪个阶层容貌衣着举止又是如何那么我就先把骑士说说骑士的人品出众而且高尚自从军以来就驰骋于疆场待人彬彬有礼大度而豪爽珍惜荣誉节操和骑士风尚为君主效命创辉煌战绩所到国家之远无人能比转战于基督和异教之邦因功勋卓著缕缕受表彰他攻打过亚历山大利亚在普鲁士庆功宴上有他这位佼佼者多次坐首席从立陶宛直打到俄罗斯同级的骑士都大为逊色攻克阿给西勒有他一个还出征到过柏尔玛利亚夺取烈亚斯和萨塔利亚他还
多次游弋于地中海跟随登陆大军将敌战败十五次比武他大显身手为捍卫信仰而浴血奋斗在战场上三次杀死敌将高贵的武士美名传四方他还侍奉过柏拉西亚国君讨伐另一支土耳其异教军没有一次不赢得最高荣誉他骁勇善战聪慧而不痴愚他温柔顺从像个大姑娘一生无论是在什么地方对谁也没有讲过半个脏字堪称一个完美的真骑士他有一批俊美的千里马但是他的衣着朴实无华开价的底下是结识的布衣上上下下到处是斑斑污迹他风尘仆仆刚从战场归来片刻未休息就急忙去朝拜 Unit 2 William Shakespeare 1564-1616 生存或毁灭这是个必答之问题是否应默默的忍受坎苛命运之无情打击还是应与深如大海之无涯苦难奋然为敌并将其克服此二抉择就竟是哪个较崇高死即睡眠它不过如此倘若一眠能了结心灵之苦楚与肉体之百患那么此结局是可盼的死去睡去但在睡眠中可能有梦啊这就是个阻碍当我们摆脱了此垂死之皮囊在死之长眠中会有何梦来临它令我们踌躇使我们心甘情愿的承受长年之灾否则谁肯容忍人间之百般折磨如暴君之政骄者之傲失恋之痛法章之慢贪官之侮或庸民之辱假如他能简单的一刃了之还有谁会肯去做牛做马终生疲於操劳默默的忍受其苦其难而不远走高飞飘於渺茫之境倘若他不是因恐惧身后之事而使他犹豫不前此境乃无人知晓之邦自古无返者所以「理智」能使我们成为懦夫而「顾虑」能使我们本来辉煌之心志变得黯然无光像个病夫再之这些更能坏大事乱大谋使它们失去魄力第二场同前凯普莱特家的花园罗密欧上罗密欧没有受过伤的才会讥笑别人身上的创痕朱丽叶自上方
英国文学史及选读__期末试题及答案
考试课程：英国文学史及选读考核类型：A 卷 考试方式：闭卷出卷教师: XXX 考试专业：英语考试班级：英语xx班 I.Multiple choice (30 points, 1 point for each) select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. 1._____，a typical example of old English poetry ,is regarded today as the national epic of the Anglo-Saxons. A.The Canterbury Tales B.The Ballad of Robin Hood C.The Song of Beowulf D.Sir Gawain and the Green Kinght 2._____is the most common foot in English poetry. A.The anapest B.The trochee C.The iamb D.The dactyl 3.The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is NOT such an event? A.The rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek culture. B.England’s domestic rest C.New discovery in geography and astrology D.The religious reformation and the economic expansion 4._____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. A.The Pilgrims Progress B.Grace Abounding to the Chief of Sinners C.The Life and Death of Mr.Badman D.The Holy War 5.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is _____. A.science B.philosophy C.arts D.humanism 6.“So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,/So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”(Shakespeare, Sonnets18)What does“this”refer to ? A.Lover. B.Time. C.Summer. D.Poetry. 7.“O prince, O chief of my throned powers, /That led th’ embattled seraphim to war/Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds/Fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual king”In the third line of the above passage quoted from Milton’s Paradise Los t, the phrase“thy conduct”refers to _____conduct. A.God’s B.Satan’s C.Adam’s D.Eve’s
罗经国《新编英国文学选读》(第4版)教材【复习笔记+考研真题典型题详解】-第1~6章【圣才出品】
第1章盎格鲁-撒克逊时期(450～1066) 1.1 复习笔记 Ⅰ. Historical Background（历史背景） (1) The earliest settlers of the British Isles were the Celts, who migrated to the British Isles about 600 B.C. 不列颠群岛最早的定居者是凯尔特人，他们大约在公元前600年移民到不列颠群岛。 (2) From 55 B.C. to 407 A.D. the British Isles were under the rule of the Roman Empire. 从公元前55年到公元407年，不列颠群岛处于罗马帝国的统治之下。 (3) About 450 A.D., waves of the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes invaded the British Isles. They settled in England, and drove the Celts into Wales, Scotland, and Ireland. 公元450年左右，盎格鲁人、撒克逊人和朱特人占领了不列颠群岛。他们在英格兰定居，将凯尔特人驱逐到威尔士、苏格兰和爱尔兰。 (4) It was around 500 A.D., in the struggle against Cerdic, the founder of the kingdom of Wessex, that the Celtic King Arthur, a legendary figure, is said to have acquired his fame. 大约在公元500年，在与威塞克斯王国创始人塞迪奇的斗争中，传说中的凯尔特王亚瑟获得了他的名声。 (5) Beginning from the later part of the 8th century, the Danes, or the Vikings, came to invade England, at first, along the eastern coast, but later they threatened
英国文学选读课后复习资料
英国文学选读 Of Studies P18 1.We are now living in the age of “information explosion”. What lessons can we learn from Bacon’s< of studies> in our access to information? Our planet is developing forward. The fast-moving development of science and technology makes it more convenient for students to get sufficient and effective information by countless ways. That is the external condition for our study, which we can appropriately make full use of. But what we have to keep in mind is that the eternal master of study is no one but ourselves in the process of studying. 2.In what sense does reading make a full man? Reading makes a full man. Histories make men wise, poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. Reading histories makes people learn lessons from the ancient time, avoid making the same mistakes and predict the development of things. People who read histories will be wiser than these who just act according to their own preferences without learning from histories. Reading poem s makes people learn the beauty of language, the beautiful classical style of art and live a poetic life. People who read poems will be wittier than these who haven’t feel the beautiful mood and pure life. Reading mathematics makes people focus on the accurate calculation, develop a scientific attitude, and form a pragmatic spirit. People who read mathematics will be more subtle to consider things from all aspects and do things from the drop carefully than these who don’t read. Reading natural philosophy makes people pursue truth, explore the unknown mystery, and practice actively. People who read natural philosophy will be deeper than these who don’t learn the theory of reflecting the truth. Readingmoral makes peopl e learn the way of harmony living, form the principle of ethical behaviors and develop correct outlooks on values. People who read moral will be graver than these who behave without correct principles and can’t deal with different relationships.Reading log ic makes people master the rules of thinking, dealing with different things and exploring objective reality. People who read logic will be more contend to have clear ideas, mater the principles of objective truth than these who don’t act according to rules. Different kinds of reading materials play different roles in making a full man. People should get into different reading fields and train themselves to become a comprehensive talent. Reading will do good to one’s physical health according to some reading materials of physical training. What’s more important, reading promotes the development of logic thinking and morality. People can be called a full man on condition that they have fine quality, delicate self-cultivation and strict morality. Try to read extensively and become a full man . Poems: Hamlet P8 1.Why is sleep so frightening, according to Hamlet, since it can “end” the heartache and the thousand natural shocks”?Nobody can predict what he will dream of after he falls asleep. Death means the end of life, you may go to or unknown world and you can’t comeback,. If he dies, Hamlet 's can't realize his will. Though “sleep” can end the heartache and the thousand natural shocks, it is a state of mind.
英国文学选读一考试大题必备 重点题目分析(人物分析 诗歌分析 三大主义)
Hamlet is the first work of literature to look squarely at the stupidity, falsity and sham of everyday life, without laughing and without easy answers. In a world where things are not as they seem, Hamlet…s genuineness, thoughtfulness, and sincerity make him special. Hamlet is no saint. But unlike most of the other characters (and most people today), Hamlet chooses not to compromise with evil. Dying, Hamlet reaffirms the tragic dignity of a basically decent person in a bad world Hamlet is the first work of literature to show an ordinary person looking at the futility and wrongs in life, asking the toughest questions and coming up with honest semi-answers like most people do today. Unlike so much of popular culture today, "Hamlet" leaves us with the message that life is indeed worth living, even by imperfect people in an imperfect world. 犹豫scholars have debated for centuries about Hamlet's hesitation in killing his uncle. Some see it as a plot device to prolong the action, and others see it as the result of pressure exerted by the complex philosophical and ethical issues that surround cold-blooded murder, calculated revenge and thwarted desire. More recently, psychoanalytic critics have examined Hamlet's unconscious desires (Freud concludes that Hamlet has an "Oedipal desire for his mother and the subsequent guilt [is] preventing him from murdering the man [Claudius] who has done what he unconsciously wanted to do". Robinson Crusoe is a grand hero in westerners? eyes. He survived in the deserted island and lived a meaningful life. He almost has everything needed for becoming a successful man, such as his excellent creativity, great working capacity, courage, and persistence in overcoming obstacles. But he has shortcomings, too. Sometimes he was irresolute; he was not confident; he was fetishistic, although his belief had done him much good. He serves somehow as a lighthouse for the ambitious people. It?s also instructive for average people. Robinson was the representative of the bourgeois of the 18th C. It was the time when bourgeois grew stronger and stronger. The author Defoe paid a tribute to bourgeois by creating such a rational, powerful, clever, and successful man. 【Themes of Robinson Crusoe】 1. The ambivalence of mastery In short, while Crusoe seems praiseworthy in mastering his fate by overcoming his obstacles, and controlling his environment, the praiseworthiness of his mastery over his fellow human Friday is more doubtful. Defoe explores the link between the two in his depiction of the colonial mind. 2. The necessity of Repentance Crusoe?s experiences constitute not simply an adventure story in which thrilling things happen, but also a moral tale illustrating the right and wrong ways to live one?s life. Crusoe?s story instruct s others in God?s wisdom, and one vital part of this wisdom is the importance of repenting one?s sins. 3. The Importance of Self-Awareness Crusoe?s arrival on the island does not make him revert to a brute existence and he remains conscious of himself at all times. His island existence actually deepens his self-awareness as he withdraws from the external society and turns inward. The idea that the individual must keep a careful reckoning of the state of his own soul is a key point in the Presbyterian doctrine that the aothor took seriously all his life. ·Jane Eyre Charlotte Bronte The protagonist and title character, orphaned as a baby. She is a plain-featured, small and reserved but talented, sympathetic, hard-working, honest and passionate girl. Skilled at studying, drawing, and teaching, she works as a governess at Thornfield Hall and falls in love with her wealthy employer, Edward Rochester. But her strong sense of conscience does not permit her to become his mistress, and she does not return to him until his insane wife is dead and she herself has come into an inheritance. 【Themes of Jane Eyre】 1. Gender relations A particularly important theme in the novel is patriarchalism and Jane…s efforts to assert her own identity within male-dominated society. Among the three of the main male characters,
英国文学选读-安顺学院外语系
《英国文学史及作品选读》教学大纲 一、课程说明 1. 课程中文名称：英国文学史及作品选读 2 课程英文名称：History and Selected Readings of English Literature 3. 课程总学时数：32 4. 课程学分数： 2 5. 授课对象：英语专业本科学生 6. 本课程的性质、地位和作用 本课程为面向英语专业高年级（三年级）学生开设的一门专业选修课，在学科体系中居重要地位。要求学生以先修英语阅读、综合英语、英美文化和英美概况等课程为基础。通过教学，使学生对英国文学有一个概观了解，同时初步培养学生对英国文学作品的鉴赏能力，增强学生对西方文学及文化的了解。该课程有助于增强学生的语言基本功，丰富学生的人文知识、充实学生的文化修养，提高学生的精神素质。 二、教学基本要求 1. 本课程的目的、任务 英国文学史及文学作品包含着历史的记忆和哲学的睿智，是英语语言艺术的结晶。本课程旨在介绍英国文学各个时期的主要文化思潮，文学流派，主要作家及其代表作，使学生对英国文学的发展脉络有一个大概的了解和认识，提高他们对文学作品的阅读鉴赏能力，并能掌握文学批评的基本知识和方法。要求学生在阅读和分析英国文学作品的基础上了解英国的历史、社会、政治等方面的情况及传统，促进学生对西方文学及文化的了解，提高学生对文化差异的敏感性、宽容性，培养学生对作品的洞察批判能力，从而丰富提升学生人文素养。 2. 本课程的教学要求 了解英国文学的发展概况，熟悉发展过程中出现的历史事件，文学思潮，文学流派；熟悉具体作家的文学生涯，创作思想，艺术特色和所属流派；能读懂代表作家的经典作品，并能分析评介作品的主题思想，人物形象，篇章结构、语言
2018年自学《英国文学选读》试题及答案
2018年自学《英国文学选读》试题及答案 1. What are Shakespeare ’s achievements? a. Shakespeare represented the trend of history in giving voice to de desires and aspirations of the people. b. Shakespeare’s humanism: more important than his historical sense of his time, Shakespeare in his plays reflects the spirit of his age. c. Shakespeare’s characterization: Shakespeare was most successful in his characterization. In his plays he described a great number of characters. d. Shakespeare’s originality: Shakespeare drew most of his materials from sources that were known to his audienc e. But his plays are original because he instilled into the old materials a new spirit that gives new life to his plays. e. Shakespeare as a great poet: Shakespeare was not only a great dramatist, but also a great poet. Apart from his sonnets and long poems, his dramas are poetry. f. Shakespeare as master of the English language. 2. What are the basic characteristics of ballads? a. The beginning is often abrupt. b. There are strong dramatic elements. c. The story is often told through dialogue and action. d. The theme is often tragic, though there are a number of comic
英国文学选读知识总结
Geoffrey Chaucer (1343-1400) 乔叟He was born in 1343 in London. He died in 1400 and was buried in Westminster Abbey, thus founding the “Poets Corner”.The father of English Poetry and one of the greatest narrative poets of England.“The Canterbury Tales” (1387-1400) It is Chaucer?s masterpiece and one of the monumental works in English literature. Chaucer’s Contribution to English Literature Chaucer is regarded as the founder of English poetry and has been called “the founder of English realism.” He is the firs t great poet who wrote in the English language. He introduced from France the rhymed stanza of various types, especially the “heroic couplet” (英雄双韵体) to English poetry.His masterpiece “The Canterbury T ales” is one of the monumental works in English literature 公爵夫人之书，百鸟议会，声誉之堂，特罗勒思和克里西德 Structure of a poem: A poem can be broken down into three parts: (1) Stanza (节) : a group of lines set off from the other lines in a poem. It is the poetic equivalent of a paragraph in prose. In traditional poems, the stanza usually contains a unit of thought.(2) The line (行) : a single line of poetry (3) The foot (音步) : a syllable or a group of 2 or 3 syllables. T o scan a line of poetry one counts the number of feet in a line. For a beginner, the easiest thing to do is to count the number of stresses. Typically a foot will contain a stressed and an unstressed syllable. William Shakespeare (1564-1616)playwright, poet, actor.Shakespeare and Aeschylus are the two greatest dramatic geniuses the world has ever known.—Carl Marks.The Great Tragedies: 《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet,1601 ) 《奥赛罗》(Othello, 1604) 《李尔王》(King Lear, 1605) 《麦克白》(Macbeth, 1606) The Great Comedies威尼斯商人》(The Merchant of Venice, 1596) 《仲夏夜之梦》(A Midsummer Night's Dream,1596) 《第十二夜》(Twelfth Night, 1600) 《皆大欢喜》(As You Like It, 1601) Shakespeare’s car eer as a dramatist may be divided into four major phases.: The First Period(1590-1594) This period is the period of his apprenticeship in play-writing. Works: Henry VI The Comedy of Errors《错误的喜剧》/《连环错》Love?s Labor?s Lost 《迷失的爱》/《空爱一场》/《爱的徒劳》Romeo and Juliet, etc. The Second Period (1595-1600) This period is his mature period, mainly a period of “great comedies” and mature historical plays. It includes 6 comedies, 5 historical plays and 1 Roman tragedy. His sonnets are also thought to be written in this period. The Third Period (1601-1607) The third period of Shakespeare?s dramatic career is mainly the period of “great tragedies” and “dark comedies”. It includes 5 tragedies, 3 comedies and 2 Roman tragedies.Major works written in this period:Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth, Antony and Cleopatra The Fourth Period (1608-1612) The fourth period of Shakespeare?s work is the period of romantic drama. It includes 4 romances or “reconciliation（和解，复合）plays”. Shakespeare’s Literary Position:Shakespeare and the Authorized Version of the English Bible are the two greatest treasuries of the English language. Shakespeare has been universally acknowledged to be the summit of the English Renaissance, and one of the greatest writers in world literature. Hamlet:Hamle t is considered the summit of Shakespeare?s art. It is one of Shakespeare?s canon, and it is universally included in the list of the world?s greatest works.It?s written in the form of blank verse.blank verse : poetry in rhymeless iambic pentameter.（素体诗剧）The story, coming from an old Danish legend, is a tragedy of the “revenge” genre. Shakespeare incorporates into the medieval story other major humanistic themes, including love, justice, good and evil, and most notably, madness, and the spirit of the time Injustice, conspiracy, and betrayal in the society。1. first blow: father?s murder and mother?s re-marriage2.second blow: betrayal of his two former friends Rosencrantz and Guildenstern3. third blow: betrayal of his girl friend OpheliaThe greatness o f the play: in praise of the noble quality of Prince Hamlet as a representative of humanist thinkers and his disillusionment with the corrupt and degenerated society in which he lived.