巅峰听力Part3短文听力理解

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大学英语视听说3听力原文翻译Unit3剖析

Unit 3II. Basic Listening Practice1.ScriptW: Chinese students are often too shy to say anything in class.M: I think they don’t speak because their culture values modesty，and they don’t want to be showing off. Goes back to Confucius.Q: Why don’t Chinese students say in class according to the man?C) They are modest.W：中国学生往往羞于说话在课上。

M：我想他们不说话是因为他们的文化价值观的谦虚，他们不想炫耀。

回归到孔子。

问：为什么没有中国学生在课堂上说话？C）他们是温和的。

2.ScriptW: The government is doing something at last about sex discrimination in the work place. Women deserve the same pay as men for the same work.M: Yeah. In the United States, women earn only 70 percent of what men get for the same job. It’s a situation that has to be changed.Q: What does the man say about the women?A) They earn less than men.W：政府现在在做的事情，工作场所的性别歧视。

女人的付出男人一样。

M：是的。

在美国，同样的工作妇女的工资只有男性的百分之70。

这一情况已经有所改变。

听说教程3—课外听力答案

课外听力答案Model Test 111-20: B C D C D A D D C D21-30: C D B C B C A B A D31-35: B D C A B36．events37．marked38．ceremony39．sophisticated40．differs41. cerebrated42. share43. characteristics44. The proud parents receive congratulations and presents on behalf of the new-born45. The young couple goes through a special wedding ceremony and receives presentsto help them set up their home46. The dates of all these events would never be forgottenModel Test 211-20: D B C B D A D D A A21-30: A B A B B C B D B B31-35: D C D C B36．mystery37．detected38．around39．receiver40．harmless41. organs42. completely43. significant44. Y our body will replace the dead cells with healthy ones45. Serious damage can be done without the knowledge of the person at the time thatdamage has occurred46. Or a child can be born weak or easy to be seriously ill as a result of radiationabsorbed by its grandparentsModel Test 311-20: B B A C D B C C D B21-30: D A A A D D B C B B31-35: A B C A A36．self-conscious37．Worrisome38．occuring39．unattractive40．adversely41. reflected42. reactions43. profound44. They also find it difficult to be pleased by compliments because they believethey are unworthy of praise45. It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful46. Since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self-esteem, it is important forpeople to accept their weakness as well as their strengthsModel Test 411-20: D A A C B B A C C D21-30: D B C A A D A C A C31-35: B B D B C36．advertisements37．urging38．marketing39．combat40．teenagers41. overweight42. raises43. pressure44. Unhealthy lifestyles including high-calorie diets, poor exercise and hours spentin front of the television or computer45. junk food ads mainly featuring fast food and high-fat dairy foods increased duringtimes young people were most likely to be watching46. it is clear marketing plays a big role in the kinds of food children preferModel Test 511-20: A B A B C B D B A C21-30: A C C C D A C B D C31-35: B D C C B36．However37．produce38．escaping39．Although40．strapped41. bound42. instant43. accused44. This time he wore no clothes and there were chains round his neck, waist, wrists,and legs; but he again escaped in a few minutes45. As he went past, he stepped on it so that it stuck to the bottom of his foot46. He was heavily chained up and enclosed in an empty wooden chest, the lid ofwhich was nailed downModel Test 611-20: D A A A D D A B C C21-30: C B C C C A D B C A31-35: D C C A D36．designed37．vigorous38．indoors39．education40．activities41. adapt42. bruised43. common44. because it was soft and large enough that it required no equipment, such as a bator a racket to hit it45. The basic idea of the game was to throw the ball into the basket46. The students taught it to their friends and the new sport quickly took onModel Test 711-20: B C B A B C D C D B21-30: A C D D C C B B D C31-35: B D D C D36．records37．consisted38．battle39．messenger40．exhaustion41. abolished42. influences43. re-establish44. the aim of the Olympic Movement is to promote peace, friendship andunderstanding between different nations through sports45. Winners received a silver medal, a certificate and a crown of olive leaves46. The Olympic Games are held every four years with one country being responsiblefor the organization of the eventModel Test 811-20: C B D B C D B B A C21-30: B D D C D B C D A B31-35: A A C B D36．sunny37．activities38．recreational39．venturing40．trip41. around42. surprisingly43. diving44. The beaches on the east coast are spectacular with gentle waves where is good fordancing45. The coastal waters are also great for various boating options46. Back on dry land, there’s golf and some good hiking rou tes at Hawaii NatureCenter。

董亚芬[第三版]大学英语听说3听力原文和规范标准答案

Unit 1 ReservationsPart AExercise 11. M: I’d like to book a double room with bath for four nights.W: Sorry, sir. We’re full up(全满). Can I recommend the Park Hotel to you? It is quite near here.Q: What does the woman suggest that the man do?2. M: I’d like to see Mr. Jones this afternoon, please.W: I’m sorry but Mr. Jones will be busy the whole afternoon. Can you manage at 10:30 tomorrow morning?Q: What does the woman say to the man?3. W: Can I book two tickets for the show “42nd Street” on Sunday night, Oct. 31st?M: Sorry, madam. All the tickets on that night are sold out. But tickets are available for Nov.3rd(十一月三号).Q: When can the woman see the show?4. M: I’d like to reserve(预订)two tickets on Flight 6051 to Edinburgh, for October 20th.W: Sorry, Sir. We’re booked up(预订一空的) on the 20th .But we still have a few seats available on the 21st.Q: When does the man want to leave for Edinburgh?5. W: Garden Restaurant. May I help you?M: Can you make arrangements for a table for six at eight this evening? In a quiet corner, please.Q: What does the man want to do?Keys:1. What does the woman suggest that man do? [a. reserve the room in another hotel]2. What does the woman say to the man? [c. Mr. Jones can see the man sometime the next morning.]3. When can the woman see the show? [d. Nov.3rd]4. When does the man want to leave for Edinburgh? [a. on the 20th of October.]5. What does the man want to do? [d. Book a table for six people at 8:00]Exercise 2W: Hello. Dazhong Taxi Company.M: Hello. Can I book a taxi to the West Lake Hotel, Hangzhou?W: Sure. What time?M: 9 o’clock tomorrow morning.W: Your address, please?M: Room 1008, Peace Hotel.W: And your name?M: Jack Smith.W: OK, Mr Smith.M: Thank you.W: Not at all.Keys: Jack Smith Rm 1008.Peach Hotel 9 tomorrow morning West Lake Hotel, HangzhouPart BConversation 1I’d like to make a reservationOperator: Glory Inn, Atlanta.Paul: Hi, this is Paul Lambert. I’m the manager of the band Country Boys. You know, the rock band from Chicago. I want …Operator: Please hold, Mr. Lambert. I’m putting your through to the reservation manager.Paul: But …Manager: Mr. Lambert? This is Laurie Perry, the hotel manager.Paul: Oh, yeah? Well, I need five rooms for Friday night. That’s the 15th. I want the best room in the hotel. Manager: Sorry, I’m afraid I cannot accept your reservation.Paul: Now look, we always stay at the Glory Inn…Manager: I know that, Last time you were here, we had a number of complaints from other guests.Paul: You mean they don’t like long-haired rock musiciansManager: That’s not the problem, sir. The band used bad language in the coffee shop, and threw two TV sets into the pool(把两个电视机扔到池中).Paul: Yeah, yeah. Well, I’11 tell them to be more careful this time.Manager: I’m afraid that’s not all, sir. You haven’t paid the account for the last time yet。

《英语听力教程3》听力原文与问题详解

《英语听力教程3》答案与听力材料UNIT 1Part I Gett ing readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forests2: global warm in g/gree nhouse effect/emissio ns of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people ------- more firewood---- fewer treesb. More domestic animals ----------- more plants—fewer availablepla ntsa, b-- More desert---- move south ---------- desrtt expa nding south---- no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow.3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ran ches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mine B. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America & most of Europe3: top soil blowing away4: tropical forests destruction5: animal/plant species becoming extinet6: climate change for the whole worldPart III The Earth at risk (II)A. Keys:1: Trees would hold rain fall in their roots. When forests in the higher up-river have bee n destroyed, all the rain that falls in the mon soon seas on flows straight in to the river and starts the floodi ng.2: He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the n ear future, or just think as far ahead as the n ext electi on.B. Keys:1: flooding in Bangladesh2: Action to be taken3: population controlPart IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warmi ngKeys:1: Warming up of the world2: Effects of global3: reduced potential for food production4: cha nge of patter ns of hear-related food pois oning, etc.Part V Do you know …？A. Keys:1: F 2: F 3: F 4: F 5: TB. Keys:Dos 1: your towels 2: Cut out 3: a wall-fire 4: fridge 5: wait until you've a full load 6: a complete mealDon' ts 7: iron everything 8: the iron up 9: the kettle 10: to the brim11: hot foodTape scriptPart I Gett ing readyA.B.1. The Amaz on forests are disappeari ng because of in creased bur ning and tree removal. I n September, satellite pictures showed more tha n 20000 fires bur ning in the Amaz on. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the n eed for urge nt intern ati onal acti on to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN spongsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scie ntists and gover nments now gen erally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other gree nhouse gases, over a hun dred coun tries are sending delegati ons. But how much progress has bee n made impleme nting the gree nhouse gas reducti on target agreed on at Rio? Sim on Dary reports...Part II The Earth at risk (I)A.I (Interviewer): Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be see n on Channel 4 later this mon th. Each program deals with a differe nt con ti nent, does n't it, Bria n?B (Bria n Cowles): That's right. We went to America, both North and South and the n we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on theen vir onment. Gen erally speak ing, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expa nd. It's abit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available pla nts —and so con seque ntly they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grassla ndsare support ing too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no gras—nothing for the animals to eat. I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't eno ugh rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any regi on that is in ten sely farmed —most of Europe, for example. I: And what did you find in South America?B: In South America (as in Cen tral Africa and Souther n Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very th in soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural la nd in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France comb ined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mi ne. Huge nu mbers of trees are being cut dow n for exports as hardwood to Japa n, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced —the forest soil is thin and un productive and in just a few years, a jun gle has become a waste land. Tropical forests con tai n rare pla nts (which we can use for medici nes, for example) and ani mals —one animal or plant species becomes extinet every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they con vert carb on dioxide into oxyge n. The con seque nee of destro ying forests is not only that the climate of that regi on cha nges (because there is less rain fall) but this cha nge affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has bee n cut dow n this cen tury.Part III The Earth at risk (II)A.I: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as n atural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes,by and large. I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is gett ing worse. You know, the cause is that forests have bee n cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows sraight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same —the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have bee n destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depress ing. Um ... What is to be done? I mea n, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to beforward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populatio n has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture ——it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces of their acti ons?B: Yes, of course.I: Well, tha nk you, BrianB.I: So, Bria n, would you agree that what we gen erally thi nk of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurrica nes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut dow n up in Nepal and In dia ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas.Trees ...er ... would hold rain fall in their roots, but if they've bee n cut dow n all the rain that falls in the monsoon seas on flows straight into the river Gan ges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same —the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depress ing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to beforward-look ing and con sider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an intern ati onal basis. Secon dly, the populatio n has to be con trolled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture ——it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expe nsive and can be produced on en vir onmen t-frie ndly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut dow n.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the con seque nces ... um ... of their actions?B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Bria n.Part IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warmi ngThe world is warming up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scie ntists started measuri ng them 600 years ago. The in crease is about 02C every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warmi ngis due to huma n activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britai n's Climate Predict ion Cen ter. He expla ins how global warm ing can happe n."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carb on dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has bee n happe ning ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that in creas ing amounts of carb on dioxide produced by in dustrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the golbal warm ing that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. Whe n these burn, they produce the gas carb on dioxide. Many scie ntists agree that an in crease in the amount of carb on dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will in crease the amount of warmi ng. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great cha nges in rain fall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes n earer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerg ing is the possibility of reduced pote ntial product ion in lower latitude regi ons, and most gen erally speak ing, in creased pote ntial in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and pla nts there are quite n ear their limits of heat and drought stress. An in crease in temperature or reduct ion in moisture would place limits on crop growth." Woma n: Global warmi ng could reduce food product ion in lower latitude regi ons. Lower latitude regi ons are already warm. Global warmi ng could put more stress on pla ns and place limits on crop growth.Food product ion is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygie ne and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the in sects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it in cludes not just the food product ion systems, but the patter ns of distributio n of in sects and in fective age nts around the world. It in cludes likely effects on patter ns of hear-related food pois oning, water con tam in ati on and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would resp ond sen sitively to cha nges in climate." Woma n: Global warmi ng could affect the distributio n of in sects. Global warmi ng could cha nge patter ns of heat-related food pois oning.Many coun tries now agree that somethi ng must be done to reduce the dan ger of global warmi ng. But a worldwide agreeme nt on loweri ng the product ion of carb on dioxide has bee n difficult to reach. This is because many econo mies depe nd on fossil fuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who n eed to take action.Part V Do you know …？Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Jan eiro n early 5 years ago. But the problems that meeti ng highlighted had not gone away. One en vir onmen tal th ink tank —the Intern ati onal Food Policy Research Institute ——has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.In some parts of the world, water con sumptio n has in creased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Scie nee Unit."It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the n ext cen tury. Accordi ng to the IFPRI report, the time whe n that happe ns might not be far away. The nu mber of people affected by water shortage will in crease ten fold over the n ext 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale con flicts.The main reas on why water is beco ming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing coun tries. Coun tless farmers have switched from grow ing in dige nous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which in evitably n eed far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regi ons water shortage is now the sin gle biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the In dia n State of West Ben gal, for example, over extract ion of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRIreport calls for better water management worldwide in clud ing finan cial incen tives to en courage con servati on."That report by Richard Black of our Science Unit.Unit 2Part I Gett ing readyA.B. Keys:1: Intern ati onal Un io n for the Con servati on of NatureUnited Nations, wildlife , policies2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species trade ani mals and pla nts 1975, prohibits, 8000, con trols, 300003: United Nations Environmental Program, leadership, en vir onment, quality of life 4: World Wide Fund for Nature(formerly World Wildlife Fund),1961, Sahara Desert North America & most of Europe,top soil blow ing awayC. Keys:1: 2 2: 4 3: 5 4: 1,6 5: 3Questio ns:1: They work to con serve n atural areas that con tai n endan gered wildlife2: They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.Protected-n esti ng sites for turtles have bee n set up3: It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected andallowed to live freelyPart II Christmas bird countsA. Keys:1: Jan. 3rd 2: more than 40 000 volunteers3: 1 600 4: a 15 mile diameter5: an American artist6: their natural habitats7: the late0sB. Keys:1: start 2: sponsored3: outside counting birds 4: experieneed bird watchers5: anyone that is interested or concerned: scheduled7: 10 people taking part8: 15 mile diameter circle 9: the total bird populations 10: the number of birds11: the Iongest-running bird census12: undefinedPart III Dolph in captivityA.B. Keys:1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 26: Dolph ins should be kept in captivity.7: There are educati onal ben efits of keep ing marine mammals in captivity.C. Keys:1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: can't learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, what they need, etc. Part IV More about the topic: Birds——A Source of WealthKeys:1 : 93002 : Habitat3 : warmer climates4 : 300 different species5 : colder climates6 : habitat alteration 7: esthetic value 8 : Birds' populationPart V Do you know …？Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape scriptPart I Gett ing readyA: Hello, I'm calli ng on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fun d. If you've got a few min utes I'd like to tell you what that mea ns.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to con serve n atural areas that con tai n endan gered wildlife. The seas,for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil …B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make han dbags and shoes; walruses are hun ted for their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludge oned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of ext in cti on hangs over several species of whale, dolph in and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaig ning to provide sea san ctuaries for some of these endan gered species.B: Very in teresti ng.A: Aided by our campaig n, protected n est ing sites for turtles have already bee n set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a don ati on?Part II Christmas bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early0s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late0s by con servati oni sts concerned with the decli ne of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manu facture of wome n's hats.Spon sored by the Nati onal Audub on Society, more tha n 40 000 volun teers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West In dies and Pacific isla nds have beg un to count and record every in dividual bird and bird species observed duri ng the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the Ion gest-r unning bird cen sus in orn ithology.This year, accord ing to Mr. LeBar on, more tha n 1 600 separate bird counts have bee n scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people tak ing part, others with hun dreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each in dividual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, eve n on the same weeke nd duri ng the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this cen sus: every sin gle in dividual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBar on says experie need bird coun ters can get a good idea of the total bird populatio ns withi n the count circle based on the nu mber of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experieneed bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become invoIved. Beginners will go out in a party with experie need in dividuals who know both the area and the birds in thearea, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and some one in the field will always be able to ide ntify the bird."Part III Dolph in captivityA: A pla nned aquatic park in Den ver is raisi ng the ire of ani mal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphi ns in Den ver' campaig n. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have bee n clearly draw n.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolph ins" campaig n.R: Average age in the wild ran ges any where in some of the studies betwee n 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolph in to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolph in populati on is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a con crete tank where their son ar boun ces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and directi on that they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. 「ve had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals.P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portla nd State College in Oreg on. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is gen erally gett ing better for captive dolph ins.D: The cen sus data say that every time I do a cen sus, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at.So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the group of animals that we're following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over the n ext five years, they will the n in deed be older tha n the wild populati on.P: There is also a debate over the educati onal ben efits of keep ing marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an importa nt role in our basic un dersta nding of the ani mals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do,and that watchi ng them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an ani mal n eeds, uni ess I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't leann that from animals in the wild.P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because theani mals' n atural behavior patter ns are altered by captivity.R: In the wild, you don't have dolph ins who beat each other to death. There are no dolph ins that「ve ever see n stra nded on the beach, who are sufferi ng from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radi o,I'm Peter Jon es.Part IV More about the topic: Birds——A Source of WealthMr. LeBar on says there are about 9 300 differe nt known species of birds. Larger nu mbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more tha n 300 differe nt species have bee n coun ted in Pan ama, while far fewer species are n ative to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the en vir onment because they can sig nal cha nges in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there in clud ing huma ns."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populati ons a source of wealth that huma ns must protect."People get so much pleasure out of look ing at birds and liste ning to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually in creas ing their populati ons.Part V Do you know …？Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that exist on Earth today. By some rece nt estimates, at least 20 times that many species in habit the pla net.Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total nu mber of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceedi ng any in the last 65 millio n years.Around the world more tha n 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 millio n square miles (5 millio n square km, or 3% of our total la nd area).Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endan gered. More tha n 1 000 animal species are endan gered worldwide.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.Unit 3Unit 3 El Ni no? La Nina?Part ID. warmer/ green house effect / sea levels/ climate zonesAs 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Alma nac spoke with experts about what comes n ext. Alma nac editorial director says the experts believe the n ext cen tury will bring lots of cha nges.Warm, of course, that our climate is going to con ti nue gett ing warmer. That 'the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The gree nhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be take n to, perhaps to alleviate global warm in gs. I ' see n rece ntly that 1998 is going to go dow n as the warmest year ever on record. And so that ' going to be a major issue of the next cen tury, and possible treme ndous con seque nces of the global warm in gs, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grow n, and in what regi ons. This is pote ntially a very sig nifica nt trend to be watched.E. Cyclone: North or south of equator / Typhoon:/ Hurricane: Eastern Pacific Major ocean storms in the northerin part of the world usually develop in late summer or autu mn over waters n ear the equator. They are known by several differe nt n ames. Scie ntists call these storms cycl oneswhen they happe n just n orth or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurrica nes.Part IIA. Outli ne 1. A. weather pattern/ global climateB. 1. twice a decade 2. 12-18 mon thsC. 1. warmer weather/ 2. wetterthan usual/ drier D. the decli ne of winds II. 1. droughtsB. a cyclic weather patter n/ about twice a decade/ wetter/ drier/ cold water away from South America' west/ to expand eastward toward the Americas / move eastward too/ the weather around the world/ droughts/ rains and floodi ng/ on the South America n fish ing in dustry/ to become depletive/ the stre ngth of it/ Satellite readings confirm that conditions are right for another El Nino, a cyclic weather patter n that affects the global。

【巅峰听力】2022年高考英语听力高效专项训练“独白练三遍”(一)(原卷版)

【巅峰听力】2022年高考英语听力高效专项训练“独白练三遍”（一）一遍练感觉第一节、回答下列问题听下面1段独白，独白后后有三个小题，练习一边听写一遍速记的能力，简单快速的将问题的答案和听到的信息标在每一个试题的相应位置，注意独白大概意思的理解，注意重点词汇和信息的捕捉。

听下面1段独白。

听独白钱前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段独白读两遍。

1 .What colour are the most of the car ?.2 .How did he feel even more with his new car ?3 .Why did Mr.Perkins stop trying his key ?二遍练理解第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面一段独白。

每段独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话读两遍。

听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。

17.What was Mr.Perkins like?A. He liked to be the same as others.B. He tried to be better than other.C. He was always different from others.18.Where did he go the day after he bought his new car?A. His office.B. A supermarket.C. A cinema.19.How did he find his car?A. By trying his key in every car.B. By waiting until all other cars had left.C. By checking the plate number.20.When did he leave the car park?A. Around 5 pm.B. Around 6 pm.C. Around 7 pm.三遍练听写听下面1段独白，把听到的独白补充完整，练习一边听写一遍速记的能力，简单快速的将问题的答案和听到的信息填写在每一个相应的位置，注意独白中关键信息的推断和的理解，注意重点词汇和信息的捕捉。

高级英语视听说听记教程3听力原文

高级英语视听说听记教程3听力原文English:Listening Comprehension Tutorial 3: Passage.Passage:The twentieth century was a century of unprecedented technological advancement. From the invention of the airplane to the advent of the computer, technology has transformed the way we live our lives. While some may argue that technology has had a negative impact on society, it is undeniable that it has played a vital role in improving our quality of life.Technology has made it possible for us to communicate with people all over the world instantaneously. Theinternet has revolutionized the way we access information, and social media has allowed us to stay connected with friends and family who live far away. Technology has alsomade it possible for us to learn new things and acquire new skills. Online education has become increasingly popular, and there are now countless resources available to help us learn anything we want.Technology has also improved our health and well-being. Medical advancements have led to the development of new treatments for diseases, and technology has made it possible for us to monitor our health more closely. We can now use fitness trackers to track our activity levels, and there are apps that can help us manage our diet and sleep patterns.Technology has undoubtedly made our lives easier and more convenient. We can now order groceries online, pay our bills with a few clicks, and bank from the comfort of our own homes. Technology has also made it possible for us to work from anywhere in the world, and it has given us more flexibility in our schedules.However, it is important to remember that technology is a tool, and like any tool, it can be used for good or forevil. It is up to us to use technology in a way that benefits society and makes the world a better place.Questions:1. What is the main idea of the passage?2. What are some of the benefits of technology?3. What are some of the potential drawbacks of technology?4. How can we use technology for good?Answers:1. The main idea of the passage is that technology has had a profound impact on our lives, both positive and negative.2. Some of the benefits of technology include theability to communicate instantaneously with people all overthe world, access information quickly and easily, learn new things, improve our health and well-being, and make ourlives easier and more convenient.3. Some of the potential drawbacks of technologyinclude the potential for it to be used for evil, the possibility of it leading to social isolation, and the potential for it to be addictive.4. We can use technology for good by using it toconnect with others, to learn new things, to improve our health and well-being, and to make the world a better place.中文回答：段落：二十世纪是技术飞速发展的世纪。

(完整word版)英语高级视听说听力原文 Unit 3 New orleans is sinking

Unit 3 New orleans is sinkingFor 300 years, the sea has been closing in on New Orleans. As the coastal erosion continues, it is estimated the city will be off shore in 90 years. Even in good weather, New Orleans is sinking. As the city begins what is likely to be the biggest demolition project in U.S. history, the question is, can we or should we put New Orleans back together again?Life has been returning to high and dry land on Bourbon Street, but to find the monumental challenge facing the city you have to visit neighborhoods you have never heard of. On Lizardi Street, 60 Minutes took a walk with the men in charge of finishing what Katrina started.Correspondent Scott Pelley reports.Before Katrina, "There would be noise and activity and families and people, and children, and, you know, I haven't seen a child in a month here," says Greg Meffert, a city official who, with his colleague Mike Centineo, is trying to figure out how much of the city will have to be demolished.Meffert, who is in charge of city planning, says it is "very possible" up to 50,000 houses will have to be bulldozed. Right now, most of the homes in the city are uninhabitable.Meffert faces a difficult task. Every time he goes to a house site here, he says, "It's one more knife in me that says, 'She did another one. She did another one,'" explains Meffert, "she" meaning Hurricane Katrina.When you walk through these neighborhoods and you see the houses, you get a sense of the pain of the individual families. But you don't get a sense of what has happened to the city of New Orleans itself.It is estimated that there were 200,000 homes in New Orleans, and 120,000 of them were damaged by the flood.The part of the city known as the lower Ninth Ward received some of the heaviest flooding. The houses are splintered block after block after block, almost as if the city had been carpet-bombed in war.Meffert says that before the storm, New Orleans had a population of470,000-480,000 people. Realistically, he thinks that half of those residents won't be coming back.The possessions of thousands of families, the stuff collected over lifetimes is suddenly garbage, clawed up into mountains in city parks. With so much gone already, should New Orleans pick up right where it was?"We should be thinking about a gradual pullout of New Orleans, and starting to rebuild people's homes, businesses and industry in places that can last more than 80 years," says Tim Kusky, a professor of earth sciences at St. Louis University.Kusky talks about a withdrawal of the city and explains that coastal erosion was thrown into fast forward by Katrina. He says by 2095, the coastline will pass the city and New Orleans will be what he calls a "fish bowl.""Because New Orleans is going to be 15 to 18 feet below sea level, sitting off the coast of North America surrounded by a 50- to 100-foot-tall levee system to protect the city," explains Kusky.He says the city will be completely surrounded by the Gulf of Mexico just 90 years from now.Since this story aired on Nov. 20, there has been considerable discussion about whether New Orleans really is sinking, including on CBS News' blog, Public Eye."That's the projection, because we are losing land on the Mississippi Delta at a rate of 25 to 30 square miles per year. That's two acres per hour that are sinking below sea level," says Kusky.That process could only be slowed, in theory, by massive restoration of wetlands. In the meantime, while Kusky's advice is to head for the hills, some New Orleans residents are hoping to head home.Vera Fulton has lived most of her 81 years on Lizardi Street and returned to her home recently for the first time since being evacuated."When they say 'storm,' I leave. I can't swim and I can't drink it. So what I do, I leave," says Vera, who has lost her home to two hurricanes.Vera is intent on coming back. "I don't have no other home, where I'mThree generations of Fultons, Vera's son Irvin Jr., his wife Gay and their son Irvin, 3rd, live around Lizardi Street.Irvin says his house is "just flat" and he didn't have insurance.That's the dilemma. The only thing they have left is land prone to disaster. They want to rebuild, and the city plans to let them.At Vera's house, Mike Centenio, the city's top building official, told 60 Minutes homes can go up as long as they meet what is called the "100-year flood level."The federal government had set a flood-level, but didn't figure on a levee failure that would flood parts of the city.The official level is several feet off the ground. If people meet the requirement, they can rebuild their homes, despite the fact that we saw, for example, a refrigerator lifted to the top of a carport by the floodwaters.Asked whether allowing people to rebuild makes sense, Centenio says it is "going to take some studying."Right now, he says the flood level requirement is the law.Twelve weeks after the storm hit, no one has an answer to where people should go. An estimated 80,000 homes had no insurance, and for now, the biggest grant a family can get from the federal government is $26,200. Those without flood insurance face an uncertain road ahead, trying to piece their lives and homes back together."I don't think any of us get to be made whole. I don't know of anybody that's even getting back to where they were. It's just a matter of how much you lost," says Meffert.No one wants to risk more losses until the levees are fixed but there is not a lot of confidence in that. There's evidence some of the levee walls may have failed from bad design or lousy workmanship.Fixing them is up to Colonel Richard Wagenaar, who told 60 Minutes, that by next summer, the levees will withstand a Category 3 storm. But for a Category 5 storm, Congress would have to double the levee height to 30Col. Wagenaar says building a 30-foot flood control system around the city could take five to ten years, and cost billions of dollars.Asked whether he would live in New Orleans if the levees were restored to pre-Katrina levels, Col. Wagenaar said he would, after a long pause."There's a lot of long pauses in things I think about these days," Wagenaar added.Another thing that gives you pause is the fact that one of the world's largest pumping systems can't keep the city dry with broken levees.60 Minutes was there in September during Hurricane Rita. Crews were fighting with everything they had, cooling a pump with a hose and a coat hanger. When the station flooded during Katrina, Gerald Tilton dove under water to open valves.Since then, Tilton and his men have been living at the station. "Most of us, our homes have been destroyed but a large number of us are still here doing the job that we get paid to do," says Tilton.Tilton says he hasn't seen his home since the storm hit and only took one thing from the house when he left: his diploma. "I graduated from Tulane last year and that was the one thing that I wanted. I know it might sound crazy."But sharp minds and heroism couldn't stop a second flood.It took another two weeks to dry out and count the losses. Now, inspectors with laptops are identifying ruined houses."Every house in New Orleans is loaded into this database," explains Centineo. The reports are sent instantly to a computer at city hall, where the database is linked to aerial images of every address, both before and after.When the reports are in, they will know how many billions it will take to rebuild, but not where that money is coming from.Mike Centineo showed us, at his house, that you can't appreciate the loss until you walk through the door. He lost pretty much everything in his home. "We've lost a lot. What hurts is family photos. They went under water and I pulled them out to try to salvage what I could," Centineo says.Centineo says he understands, probably better than any building official ever has, what the victims of Katrina are going through. "I'm one of them, that's true, I'm one of them."He is one of about 400,000 people still unable to come home. That's the worst part now, the deflation of the Big Easy.There are too few people to pay taxes or keep businesses going. The world's largest domed stadium doesn't have a football team; In New Orleans, these days, not even the Saints go marching in.Meffert has some clear feelings on whether the nation should commit billions of dollars and several years to protect the city."Is it commit or invest? I mean this is the thing that that people miss. The country has to decide whether it really is what we tell the world what we are. Or are we just saying that? Because if we are that powerful, if we are that focused, if we are that committed to all of our citizens, then there is no decision to make. Of course you rebuild it," says Meffert.。

《英语听力教程3》听力原文与问题详解

《英语听力教程3》答案与听力材料UNIT 1Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: burning of the forests/tree removal (deforestation)/reduction of the world's rain forests2: global warming/greenhouse effect/emissions of CO2Part II The Earth at risk (I)A. Keys:1.a. More people--------→more firewood----→fewer treesb. More domestic animals------→more plants-----→fewer available plantsa, b--→More desert----→move south-----→desrtt expanding south----→no grass2. Growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. But if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow.3. People try to grow food to support themselves or to create ranches where cattle can be raised, or to get hardwood for export, or to make way for an iron ore mineB. Keys:1: Sahara Desert2: North America & most of Europe3: top soil blowing away4: tropical forests destruction5: animal/plant species becoming extinct6: climate change for the whole worldPart III The Earth at risk (II)A. Keys:1: Trees would hold rainfall in their roots. When forests in the higher up-river have been destroyed, all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river and starts the flooding.2: He implies that some national governments just consider the results of their policies in the near future, or just think as far ahead as the next election.B. Keys:1: flooding in Bangladesh2: Action to be taken3: population controlPart IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global Warming Keys:1: Warming up of the world2: Effects of global3: reduced potential for food production4: change of patterns of hear-related food poisoning, etc.Part V Do you know…?A. Keys:1: F 2: F 3: F 4: F 5: TB. Keys:Dos 1: your towels 2: Cut out 3: a wall-fire 4: fridge 5: wait until you've a full load6: a complete mealDon’ts 7: iron everything 8: the iron up 9: the kettle 10: to the brim 11: hot foodTape scriptPart I Getting readyA.B.1.The Amazon forests are disappearing because of increased burning and tree removal. In September, satellite pictures showed more than 20000 fires burning in the Amazon. Experts say most of these fires were set by farmers. The farmers were attempting to clear land to grow crops. The World Wildlife Fund says another serious problem is that too many trees in the Amazon rain forest are being cut down. The World Wildlife Fund says the fires show the need for urgent international action to protect the world's rain forests. The group warns that without such action some forests could be lost forever.2. Environmental issues swell to the full in Berlin this week, for the UN spongsored conference on global warming and climate change is the first such meeting since the Rio summit three years ago. With scientists and governments now generally ready to accept that the earth climate is being affected by emissions of CO2 and other greenhouse gases, over a hundred countries are sending delegations. But how much progress has been made implementing the greenhouse gas reduction target agreed on at Rio? Simon Dary reports...Part II The Earth at risk (I)A.I (Interviewer): Brian Cowles is the producer of a new series of documentaries called "The Earth at Risk" which can be seen on Channel 4 later this month. Each program deals with a different continent, doesn't it, Brian?B (Brian Cowles): That's right. We went to America, both North and South and then we went over to Africa and South-East Asia.I: And what did you find in each of these continents?B: Starting with Africa, our film shows the impact of the population on the environment. Generally speaking, this has caused the Sahara Desert to expand. It's abit of a vicious circle we find. People cut down trees for firewood and their domestic animals eat all the available plants — and so consequently they have to move south as the Sahara Desert expands further south. I mean, soon the whole of Mali will become a desert. And in East Africa: here the grasslands are supporting too many animals and the result is, of course, there's no grass — nothing for the animals to eat. I: I see. And the next film deals with North America?B: That's right. In the USA, as you know, intensive agriculture requires a plentiful supply of rain for these crops to grow, I mean if there isn't enough rain the crops don't grow. And growing crops stabilize soil, without them the top soil just blows away. This is also true for any region that is intensely farmed — most of Europe, for example.I: And what did you find in South America?B: In South America (as in Central Africa and Southern Asia) tropical forests are being cut down at an alarming rate. This is done so that people can support themselves by growing food or to create ranches where cattle can be raised to be exported to Europe or America as tinned meat. The problem is that the soil is so poor that only a couple of harvests are possible before this very thin soil becomes exhausted. And it can't be fed with fertilizers like agricultural land in Europe.For example, in Brazil in 1982 an area of jungle the size of Britain and France combined was destroyed to make way for an iron ore mine. Huge numbers of trees are being cut down for exports as hardwood to Japan, Europe, USA to make things like luxury furniture. These forests can't be replaced —the forest soil is thin and unproductive and in just a few years, a jungle has become a waste land. Tropical forests contain rare plants (which we can use for medicines, for example) and animals —one animal or plant species becomes extinct every half hour. These forest trees also have worldwide effects. You know, they convert carbon dioxide into oxygen. The consequence of destroying forests is not only that the climate of that region changes (because there is less rainfall) but this change affects the whole world. I mean, over half the world's rain forest has been cut down this century.Part III The Earth at risk (II)A.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large. I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. Practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India, I mean higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows sraight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... What is to be done? I mean, cananything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can. First, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences of their actions?B: Yes, of course.I: Well, thank you, BrianB.I: So, Brian, would you agree that what we generally think of as ... er... as er ... natural disasters are in fact man-made?B: Yes, by and large ... er ... I mean, obviously not hurricanes or earthquakes, but take flooding, for example. I mean, practically every year, the whole of Bangladesh is flooded and this is getting worse. You know, the cause is that forests have been cut down up in Nepal and India ... I mean ... higher up-river in the Himalayas. Trees ...er ... would hold rainfall in their roots, but if they've been cut down all the rain that falls in the monsoon season flows straight into the river Ganges and floods the whole country. The reason for flooding in Sudan is the same — the forests higher up the Blue Nile in Ethiopia have been destroyed too.I: Well, this all sounds terribly depressing. Um ... what is to be done? I mean, can anything be done, in fact?B: Yes, of course it can ... er ... first, the national governments have to be forward-looking and consider the results of their policies in ten or twenty years, not just think as far ahead as the next election. Somehow, all the countries in the world have to work together on an international basis. Secondly, the population has to be controlled in some way: there are too many people trying to live off too little land. Thirdly, we don't need tropical hardwood to make our furniture —it's a luxury people in the West must do without. Softwoods are just as good, less expensive and can be produced on environment-friendly "tree farms", where trees are replaced at the same rate that they are cut down.I: And, presumably, education is important as well. People must be educated to realize the consequences ... um ... of their actions?B: Yes, yes of course.I: Well, thank you, Brian.Part IV More about the topic: The Effects of Global WarmingThe world is warming up. We know this because average temperatures are the highest since scientists started measuring them 600 years ago. The increase is about0.2℃every year. This may seem very slight, but we know that slight changes in temperature can have a big effect on other things. Most scientists now believe this global warming is due to human activity.Jeff Jenkins is head of Britain's Climate Prediction Center. He explains how global warming can happen."Sunlight strikes the earth and warms it up. At the same time heat leaves the earth, but part of that is trapped by carbon dioxide and other gases in the earth's atmosphere. That has been happening ever since the earth was formed. But the fear is that increasing amounts of carbon dioxide produced by industrial processes and transport and so on will lead to a greater warming of the earth's surface. So that's the golbal warming that people are concerned about."People are most concerned about the use of fossil fuels. Fossil fuels are oil, coal, wood and so on. When these burn, they produce the gas carbon dioxide. Many scientists agree that an increase in the amount of carbon dioxide and some of the gases in the atmosphere will increase the amount of warming. Computers are being used to predict what this may mean. They showed that there could be great changes in rainfall and the rise in the sea level as ice caps in the north and south poles melt. This could have a serious effect on agriculture according to Prof. Martin Perry of University College in London. He says it could become more difficult to grow food in the tropics at lower latitudes nearer to the equator."The most clear pattern emerging is the possibility of reduced potential production in lower latitude regions, and most generally speaking, increased potential in higher latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm, to put it extremely simply, and plants there are quite near their limits of heat and drought stress. An increase in temperature or reduction in moisture would place limits on crop growth." Woman: Global warming could reduce food production in lower latitude regions. Lower latitude regions are already warm. Global warming could put more stress on plans and place limits on crop growth.Food production is only one area that could be affected. There could also be health and social problems. Prof. Antony MacMichael of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine believes that some rural areas are already suffering. And the insects and bacteria could spread disease more easily."Already a number of rural populations around the world are suffering from the decline of agricultural systems. Climate change would add to this. And we would expect that it would accelerate the flood of environmental refugees around the world. But it includes not just the food production systems, but the patterns of distribution of insects and infective agents around the world. It includes likely effects on patterns of hear-related food poisoning, water contamination and diarrhea diseases, lots of things like this that would respond sensitively to changes in climate." Woman: Global warming could affect the distribution of insects. Global warming could change patterns of heat-related food poisoning.Many countries now agree that something must be done to reduce the danger of global warming. But a worldwide agreement on lowering the production of carbon dioxide has been difficult to reach. This is because many economies depend on fossilfuels like oil. Scientists believe it's now the politicians in every region of the world who need to take action.Part V Do you know…?Environment has taken rather a back seat politically since the Earth summit in Rio de Janeiro nearly 5 years ago. But the problems that meeting highlighted had not gone away. One environmental think tank —the International Food Policy Research Institute — has been looking at the future of water and its report reflects growing concern at the huge leap in usage over the past few years.In some parts of the world, water consumption has increased five fold. And the institute, known by its initials IFPRI, says shortages could soon become the trigger for conflict and a major barrier to feeding the world's growing population. Here's Richard Black of our Science Unit."It's often been said that water rather than oil will be the cause of warfare in the next century. According to the IFPRI report, the time when that happens might not be far away. The number of people affected by water shortage will increase ten fold over the next 30 years, it says, which could well lead to large scale conflicts.The main reason why water is becoming a scarce resource is agriculture, which now accounts for 70% of water consumption worldwide, 90% in some developing countries. Countless farmers have switched from growing indigenous crops for the home market to high yield export varieties, which inevitably need far more water. But the IFPRI report says that in some regions water shortage is now the single biggest impediment to feeding the population. Water scarcity also leads to water pollution. In the Indian State of West Bengal, for example, over extraction of water from bore holes has led to arsenic poisoning which is estimated to have affected two million people so far. But the IFPRI report calls for better water management worldwide including financial incentives to encourage conservation."That report by Richard Black of our Science Unit.Unit 2Part I Getting readyA.B. Keys:1: International Union for the Conservation of Nature,United Nations, wildlife, policies2: Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species,trade, animals and plants, 1975, prohibits, 8000, controls,300003: United Nations Environmental Program,leadership, environment, quality of life4: World Wide Fund for Nature(formerly World Wildlife Fund) ,1961, Sahara Desert, North America & most of Europe,top soil blowing awayC. Keys:1: 2 2: 4 3: 5 4: 1,6 5: 3Questions:1: They work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife2: They are campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.Protected-nesting sites for turtles have been set up3: It refers to the places of safety in the sea where sea animals are protected and allowed to live freelyPart II Christmas bird countsA. Keys:1: Jan. 3rd 2: more than 40 000 volunteers 3: 1 600 4: a 15 mile diameter5: an American artist 6: their natural habitats 7: the late0sB. Keys:1: start 2: sponsored 3: outside counting birds 4: experienced bird watchers5: anyone that is interested or concerned 6: scheduled 7: 10 people taking part 8: 15 mile diameter circle 9: the total bird populations 10: the number of birds 11: the longest-running bird census 12: undefinedPart III Dolphin captivityA.B. Keys:1: 1 2: 3 3: 4 4: 5 5: 26: Dolphins should be kept in captivity.7: There are educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity.C. Keys:1: stress (family-oriented) 2: sonar bouncing off3: average age of death; life getting better for captive dolphins4: natural behabior patterns-altered5: suffering from fractured skulls, ribs or jaws6: can't learn from animals in the wild how they operate, breed, what they need, etc. Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of WealthKeys:1：9300 2：Habitat 3：warmer climates 4：300 different species5：colder climates 6：habitat alteration 7：esthetic value 8：Birds' population Part V Do you know…?Keys:1: one and one-half million 2: 20 times3: 100 4: 40000 5: 65 million6: 3500 7: 2 million square miles 8: 3%9: 200 animal species 10: 100011: a third 12: two-thirds 13: three-quartersTape scriptPart I Getting readyA: Hello, I'm calling on behalf of the World Wildlife Fund.B: The what?A: The World Wildlife Fund. If you've got a few minutes I'd like to tell you what that means.B: Oh, all right.A: We work to conserve natural areas that contain endangered wildlife. The seas, for example, have become polluted by the industrialized world; whales are being hunted to extinction; turtles are rolled off their eggs when they come ashore to breed or are slaughtered for their meat and oil …B: Oh.A: Crocodiles are killed to make handbags and shoes; walruses are huntedfor their ivory.B: I see.A: Seals are bludgeoned to death to provide fur coats and the threat of extinction hangs over several species of whale, dolphin and porpoise.B: Really.A: We are now campaigning to provide sea sanctuaries for some of these endangered species.B: Very interesting.A: Aided by our campaign, protected nesting sites for turtles have already been set up. As you can see, this is very valuable work and I wonder therefore if you'd like to make a donation?Part II Christmas bird countsJohn James Audubon was an American artist in the early0s, who illustrated birds in their natural habitats. The Society named after him was founded in the late0s by conservationists concerned with the decline of birds, which were being killed so their feathers could be used in the manufacture of women's hats.Sponsored by the National Audubon Society, more than 40 000 volunteers will be outside counting birds from today until January 3rd. Volunteers from all 50 states of the United States, every Canadian province, parts of Central and South America, Bermuda, the West Indies and Pacific islands have begun to count and record every individual bird and bird species observed during the two and one half week period of the count.Jeffrey LeBaron is the National Audubon Society's Christmas Bird Count editor. He says the count is the longest-running bird census in ornithology.This year, according to Mr. LeBaron, more than 1 600 separate bird counts have been scheduled. Some would have as few as 10 people taking part, others with hundreds. The logistics of the Christmas bird count, he adds, are simple."Each individual count is in a circle. It's a 15 mile diameter circle, um, around the exact center point. And it's always the exactly same area that's done every year, usually, even on the same weekend during the count period. And what the ideal would be, which is virtually impossible, is this census: every single individual bird within that circle on the count day."Mr. LeBaron says experienced bird counters can get a good idea of the total birdpopulations within the count circle based on the number of birds they actually see. The editor points out, however, that the counts are not only for experienced bird watchers."Anybody that is interested or concerned can become involved. Beginners will go out in a party with experienced individuals who know both the area and the birds in the area, in the field where more eyes and ears are better. And then anybody can point out a bird, and someone in the field will always be able to identify the bird."Part III Dolphin captivityA: A planned aquatic park in Denver is raising the ire of animal rights activists who object to a proposal to include a captive dolphin display. Although officials for Colorado's Ocean Journeys say they have yet to make a final decision on the issue, local and national activists have already instigated a "No Dolphins in Denver' campaign. As Colorado Public Radio's Peter Jones reports, the battle lines have been clearly drawn.P: Rick Troud, a former navy dolphin trainer based in Florida, is taking an active role in the "No Dolphins" campaign.R: Average age in the wild ranges anywhere in some of the studies between 30 and 40 years of age. In captivity, you can expect a dolphin to live maybe 5.13 years, and every 7 years in captivity, the dolphin population is dead.P: According to Troud, there are many reasons why dolphins can't live full lives in captivity.R: If you take a look at where the real dolphin is in the real ocean, you find the dolphin who swims 40 miles a day, is very family-oriented. These animals are separated from their mothers; that's a stress. You put them in a concrete tank where their sonar bounces off of walls, they can't swim in the same amount of time and direction that they can in the wild.P: Environmentalist and ocean explorer, Jean Michel Cousteau:J: There are some animals which reject captivity right away, and they're very suicidal. I've had one of those in my own arms for many days. The next morning when I came to take care of him, he was dead. And what he'd done was to swim as fast as he could from one end of the pool on ... to the other side and destroyed his head by hitting the wall. They have a very sophisticated brain. I don't think we have any rights to play with the lives of these animals. P: Cousteau's anti-captivity position is challenged by Dr. Deborah Duffield, a biology professor at Portland State College in Oregon. Her 1990 study compared captive dolphins to the wild population of Sarasota Bay, Florida. Among other findings, the study showed little if any difference in the average age of death. And Duffield says life is generally getting better for captive dolphins.D: The census data say that every time I do a census, I've got older and older animals in it as well as this normal age distribution that we've been looking at. So my feeling is that the trend in captivity has been that the group of animals that we're following are getting older, and if they continue to do that over thenext five years, they will then indeed be older than the wild population.P: There is also a debate over the educational benefits of keeping marine mammals in captivity. According to Duffield, captive dolphins play an important role in our basic understanding of the animals.D: I firmly believe that we cannot learn anything about organisms that we share this world with if we do not understand how they live in an environment, and what they do, and that watching them go by in the wild will not do it. I cannot tell what an animal needs, unless I know how it operates, how it breeds, what it needs metabolically, and I can't learn that from animals in the wild. P: But Troud says the dolphin displays are anti-educational because the animals' natural behavior patterns are altered by captivity.R: In the wild, you don't have dolphins who beat each other to death. There are no dolphins that I've ever seen stranded on the beach, who are suffering from fractured skulls, fractured ribs or fractured jaws, as is the case in captivity.P: The Ocean Journey board will take all factors into consideration before making a final decision on whether to include dolphins in the park. For Colorado Public Radio, I'm Peter Jones.Part IV More about the topic: Birds----A Source of Wealth Mr. LeBaron says there are about 9 300 different known species of birds. Larger numbers of them live in the warmer climates. For example, more than 300 different species have been counted in Panama, while far fewer species are native to colder climates. Aside from their esthetic value, Mr. LeBaron says birds are important to the environment because they can signal changes in it."Birds are one of the best indicators that we have of the quality of the environment within the given area. Whether it is a relatively local area, or even primarily on the worldwide bases, they are one of the first things to be altered. They are quite sensitive to a habitat alteration or to other threats. And often times when birds are disappearing out of the area, it just means there is a degradation of the quality of the habitat within that area which will adversely affect everything in there including humans."National Audubon Society editor Jeffrey LeBaron calls the world's bird populations a source of wealth that humans must protect."People get so much pleasure out of looking at birds and listening to birds. And if they start disappearing just the er, the quality of life, um, may be not physically, but the mental quality of life can be degraded quickly."Jeffrey LeBaron says that while the National Audubon Society's annual Christmas bird counts show a decline in some species, many types of birds are actually increasing their populations.Part V Do you know…?Scientists have cataloged more than one and one-half million of the species that existon Earth today. By some recent estimates, at least 20 times that many species inhabit the planet.Up to 100 species become extinct every day. Scientists estimate that the total number of species lost each year may climb to 40 000 by the year 2000, a rate far exceeding any in the last 65 million years.Around the world more than 3 500 protected areas exist in the form of parks, wildlife refuges and other reserves. These areas cover a total of about 2 million square miles (5 million square km, or 3% of our total land area).Today, more than 200 animal species in the United States are classified as endangered. More than 1 000 animal species are endangered worldwide.Little-noticed aquatic animals are in big trouble. In North America, a third of our fish species, two-thirds of our crayfish species and nearly three-quarters of the mussel species are in trouble.Unit 3Unit 3 El Nino? La Nina?Part ID. warmer/ green house effect / sea levels/ climate zonesAs 1998 ends and people look forward to the last year of the century, the World Almanac spoke with experts about what comes next. Almanac editorial director says the experts believe the next century will bring lots of changes.Warm, of course, that our climate is going to continue getting warmer. That’s the subject, by the way, of another new article on the 1999 World Almanac. The greenhouse effect, exactly what causes it, and what steps to be taken to, perhaps to alleviate global warmings. I’ve seen recently that 1998 is going to go down as the warmest year ever on record. And so that’s going to be a major issue of the next century, and possible tremendous consequences of the global warmings, whether it is rising sea levels affecting the coastal areas; changes in climate zones affecting what crops can be grown, and in what regions. This is potentially a very significant trend to be watched.E. Cyclone: North or south of equator / Typhoon:/ Hurricane: Eastern Pacific Major ocean storms in the northern part of the world usually develop in late summer or autumn over waters near the equator. They are known by several different names. Scientists call these storms cyclones when they happen just north or south of the equator in the Indian Ocean. In the western Pacific Ocean or the China Sea, these storms are called typhoons. In the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean, they are called hurricanes.Part IIA. Outline 1. A. weather pattern/ global climate。

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大学英语四级考试听力训练之短文听力理解（一）四级听力考试的短文理解部分共有三篇文章，语速为每分钟120-160个单词。

每篇文章后附3-4个问题，共10个问题，全部是特殊疑问句。

每个问题后有四个选项，每两个问题之间间隔15秒。

这些短文中有记叙，议论和说明等文体，尤其以记叙文出席频率最高，如幽默小故事，人物的生平事迹以及普通人物的特殊经历等等。

技巧一：试卷拿到后，不必规规矩矩地区听Directions, 赶紧利用这一分钟读后面的10个题目，一般可以读好其中一半以上。

技巧二：提前读选项的目的就是预测短文内容–找出选项中的关键词；预测提问方式；预测考点；技巧三：先预测，后笔记，如虎添翼专项训练：Passage One1. A. Because they have a driving license. B. Because they have received special trainingC. Because the traffic conditions in London are good.D. Because the traffic system of the city is not very complex2. A. Two to four months B. About three weeks. C. At least half a year D.Two years or more3. A. Government officers are hard to please B. The learner has to go through several tough testsC. The learner usually fails several times before he passes it.D.The driving test usually lasts two months.4. A. They don’t want their present bosses to know what they’re doing. B. They want to earn money from both jobs.C. They cannot earn money as taxi drivers yet.D. They look forward to further promotion.Passage Two5. A. a cup B. An oven C. an egg D. a busket6. A. to let in the sunshine B. for the bird to lay eggs C. to serve as its door D. to keep the nest cool7. A. mud B. grasses C. straw D. branches8. A. Some can be eaten B. Some are built underground C. Most are dried by the sun D. Most are sewed with grasses Passage Three9. A. they strongly believe in family rules B. they are very likely to succeed in life.C. they tend to take responsibility for themselvesD. they are in the habit of obeying their parent10. A. they grow up to be funny and charming B. they often have a prro sense of directionC. they get less attention from their parentsD. they tend to be smart and strong-willed.11. A. they usually don’t follow family rules. B. they don’t like to take chances in their life.C. they are less likely to be successful in life.D. they tend to believe in their parent’s ideas.Passage Four12. A. they wanted to follow her example B. they full supported her undertakingC. they were puzzled by her decision.D. they were afraid she wan’t fully prepared13. A. it is more exciting than space travel B. it is much cheaper than space travelC. it is much safer than space travelD. it is less time-consuming than space travel14. A. they both attract scienst s’ attension B. they can both be quite challengingC. they are both thought-provokingD. they may both lead to surprising findings15. A. to show how simple the mechanical aids for diving can be B. to provide an excuse for her changeable character.C. to explore the philosophical issues of space travelD. to explain why she took up underwater exploration提问题型分类--细节类题目一般直接根据短文内容选择答案，或者做一些简单笔记作答；--主旨类题目一般出现在第一题或是最后一题，所以短文的开头部分和结尾部分就成为出题重点；-What is the passage mainly about-What did the speaker want to tell us in this passage?-What is the speaker maily talking about?--推断类题目考查对短文大意或是某个细节的引深含义的理解。

一般不能再原文中找到答案，要结合上下文进行逻辑推理找到最接近的选项。

难度较大。

-What can we infer from the story?-Where was the driver of the sports car when the accident happen?-What was the result of Columbus’ two trips to America?专项训练：(P100-105)Passage One1. A. the art of saying thank you B. the secret of staying prettyC. the importance of good mannersD. the difference between elegance and good manners.2. A. they were nicer and gentler B. they paid more attention to their appearanceC. they were willing to spend more money on clothesD. they were more aware of changes in fashion.3. A. by decorating our homes B. by being kind and generousC. by wearing fashionalbe clothes.D. by putting on a little make-up.Passage Two4. A. beauty B> loyalty C. luck D. durability5. A. he wanted to follow the traditon of his country B. he believed that it symbolized an everlasting marriage.C. it was thought that a blood vesse in that finger led directly to the heartD. it was supposed that the diamond on that finger would bring good luck6. A. the two people can learn about each other’s likes and dislikesB. the two people can have time to decide if they are a good matchC. the two people can have time to shop for their new homeD. the two people can earn enough money for their weddingPassage ThreePassage Four答案与解析Passage One1. Why are London taxi drivers very efficient? -B2. How long does the training period last? –D3. Why does the speaker think the driving test is a terrible experience? –B4. Why do learner drivers have to keep their present jobs? --CPassage Two5. What does the nest built by a tailor bird look like? - A6. Why is there a hole in the weaver bird’s nest? -C7. What is the oven bird’s nest made of? -A8. What might surprise us about birs’ nests according to the speaker? -BPassage Three9. According to common belief, in what way are the first child and the only child alike? - B10. What do people usually say about middle children? - C11. What do we learn about later children in a family from a recent study of birth order? -A Passage Four12. How did the speaker’s friends respond to her change of interest? -C13. What is one of the reasons for the speaker to switch her interest to underwater exploration? - B14. In what way does the speaker think diving is similar to space travel? -B15. What is the speaker’s purpose in giving this talk? -D。

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