小学英语句子基本结构课件课件

种类
第1种 第2种 第3种 第4种
第5种
句型
主
谓语部分
语 S
谓语动词 V
表语P
宾语O
宾语 补足语
OC
S+V
We work.(不
及物)
S+V+O
He plays(及 物)
the piano
S+V+P
We are(系动 Stude
词)
nts.
S+V+IO（间 Sh gave(及 接宾语） e 物)
+DO（直接 宾语）
• We study in NO. 1 Middle School．
• The classroom is very clean．
• Three were absent．
• To teach them English is my job.
• It is may job to teach them English.
• She is playing the piano now．
• He often helps me．
• He likes to sleep in the open air．
• We enjoy living in China．
⑤宾语补足语object complement
“宾语+宾语补足语” =复合宾语
• ♣The boss kept them working all day.
• ♣Yesterday he got his leg broken.
⑥状语adverbial 状语用来修饰动词、形容词或副词。它表示行为 发生的时间、地点、目的、方式程度等意义，一 般放在句末，但有的可以放在句首、句中。
不定式作主语时， 常用形式主语it句型
②谓语predicate
说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”，谓语(谓语部分 里主要的词)必须用动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致， 它在主语后面。
– His parents are doctors．
– She looks well．
– We study hard．
感官动词
■ look ■ taste ■ smell ■ sound ■ feel 表示状态
■ become ■ remain ■ keep ■ prove ■ get ■ turn ■ grow ■ appear ■ seem
④宾语object
宾语是动作、行为的对象，由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短 语来担任，它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么，在谓语之后。
②第2种句型S+V+O
主语＋谓语（及物动词）+宾语
• ♣My father read the book. • ♣She likes English. • ♣I know him very well. • ♣They want to go. • ♣He stopped writing. • ♣You must listen to me.
me a pen.
S+V+O+OC
He made(及 物)
the laugh boy
句子成分的表示法
S: Subject（主语） OC: Object Complement（宾语补足语，简称 宾补）
V: Verb（动词） IO: Indirect Object（间接宾语，简称间宾） O: Object（宾语） DO: Direct Object（直接宾语，简称直宾） P: Predicative （表语）
小学英语句子基本结构课 件
一、句子的成分和基本句型 1．句子的成分
主语+谓语=主题成分 ‖
表语+宾语（直接/间接宾语）+宾语补足语
定语+状语 =次要部分
① 主语subject
主语是谓语讲述的对象，表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。 一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。 它在句首。
• The black bike is mine．
• What is your name?
• They made paper flowers.
• The boys in the room are in Class Three Grade One.
• I have something to do.
2．五种基本句型
– We have finished reading the book．
– He can speak English．
③表语predicative
表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”，由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定
式及相当于名词或形容词的词或短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。
• You look younger than before． • I am a teacher． • Every body is here. • They are at home now． • My job is to teach them English．
• He did it carefully．
• Without his help，we couldn’t work it out．
• (In order) to catch up with my classmates，I must study hard．
⑦定语attributive
定语用来修饰名词或代词，凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以 有定语形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语，不定式或相 当于形容词的词或短语等都可以担任定语。。
有些不及物动词后面加上介词 就可把它看成一个及物动词
③第3种句型S+V+P
主语+系动词+表语
• ♣He became a scientist. • ♣They are honest. • 他们现在在家。 • They are at home now. • 我的工作是教他们英语。 • My job is to teach them English.
①第1种句型S+V
主语＋ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ语（不及物动词）
♣He runs in the park. ♣Class begins.
♣We begin our class at 8.
vi:必背p.6 sleep go laugh walk come stay swim
work arrive happen/take place
• ♣If you let me go, I’ll make you king.
• ♣Leave the door open.
• ♣We found Li Ming out when we arrived.
• ♣Make yourself at home.
• ♣I saw a stranger enter the building.