英语四级_翻译考点总结

英语比较结构具体考点：特殊结构A is to B what / as X is Y ; A+倍数或几分之几as + adj. / adv. + as +B.难点结构：as+adj.+n.+as分句和as much/many + 名词+ as 分句The work is not as difficult as you think.This book is twice as thick as that one.George is as efficient worker as Jack. = George is a worker(who is) as efficient as Jack.I don’t want as expensive a car as this = I don’t want a car as expensive as thisI can’t drink as sweet coffee as this=I can’t drink coffee as sweet as this.He took as much butter as he needed.She has written as many essays as her brother( has).特殊结构：the more … the more (越……越……)；more and more （越来越）This question is less difficult than that that question. (比较对象为彼此独立的人或事物)Iron is more useful than any other metal. (比较对象具有所属关系, 含有最高级含义)The city is becoming more and more beautiful.superior, inferior , senior , junior , major , minorHe is three years senior to me.This type of computer is superior to that type.The Yangtze River is the longest river in China, but it is the third longest river in the world.The youngest member of the family is most successful.Of all forms of energy, electricity is most widely used.There are more wonders in heaven and earth than are dreamt of. ( than=than what…)天地间的奇迹比人们所梦想的要多得多。

The medicine is more effective than is expected.dead, deaf, empty, total, whole, perfect, complete, right, wrong, equal, daily false, final absolute, alone, round, pregnant, square, supreme, unique, straight, eternal, unanimousmore than 其含义为: “不仅是，非常，十分”等，用法和意义较多。

more …than 其含义可以是: “与其说……不如说，不是……而是”What we are doing today is more than donating some money.今天我们所做的不只是捐一些钱。

Their action was more than justified. 他们的行动是完全有理由的。

He is more brave than wise. 他有勇无谋。

The book seems to be more a dictionary than a grammar.这本书看起来与其说是一本语法书，不如说是一本词典。

no more than 强调少，意为“只有，不过，仅仅”not more than 客观叙述，意为“不超过”He has no more than five dollars on him.他身上仅有5美元。

（强调少）He has not more than five dollars on him.他身上带的钱不超过仅有5美元。

（强调数额少于5美元）no more … than含有消极否定的意思，可译为“A与B都不…，不… 也不”not more … than 含有积极、肯定的意思，表示程度上的差异。

He is no more diligent than you. 他不勤奋，你也不勤奋。

（两人都不勤奋）He is not more diligent than you.他没有像你那样勤奋。

（两人都勤奋，但你更勤奋）no less than = as much as 意为：“竟有…之多，多达”强调多not less than 意为“不少于，至少”，可观地描述no less … than 前后均为肯定，含有惊奇的感情色彩。

可译为：“是…是，正是，和… 一样, 多达，应有…之多”His son has read no less than 50 English books. 他的儿子竟然读了50本英文书。

（强调多）His son has read not less than 50 English books. 他的儿子读了不少于50本英文书。

（不强调多或少）The middle-aged man was no less a person than the new minister. 这位中年人正是新来的部长。

Her voice is no less sweet than it used to be. 她的歌声和以前一样甜美。

补充：not so much… asIt wasn’t so much his appearance I liked as his personality.It wasn’t so much that I disliked her as that I just wasn’t interested.1. rather than 与would 连用时，构成“would rather...than...”句式，意思是“宁愿……而不愿……”，表示主观愿望，即在两者之中选择其一。

例如：She'd rather die than lose the children. 她宁愿死也不愿失去孩子们。

2. rather than 不与would连用时，表示客观事实，意为“是……而不是……；与其……不如……”。

它连接的并列成分可以是名词、代词、形容词、介词(短语)、动名词、分句、不定式、动词等。

He is an explorer rather than a sailor. She enjoys singing rather than dancing3.prefer to do sth. rather than do sth.“宁愿做...而不做...” I prefer to watch TV rather than go out.我宁愿呆在家里也不出去。

4.prefer＋that从句“宁愿”（从句一般用虚拟语气）I prefer that you should do it.我宁愿你做这件事。

5.Prefer sth. to sth.“宁愿做...而不做...”. I prefer tea to milk.我宁愿喝茶也不喝牛奶。

I prefer watching TV to going out. 我宁愿看电视也不出去。

I prefer to go at once.我愿意马上就走。

pre fer sb. to do “愿意某人做” I prefer you to go at once.我倒希望你马上就走。

7.prefer＋名词或动名词“宁愿”，“更喜欢”。

He comes from Shanghai, so he prefers rice. 他是上海人，因此更喜欢吃米饭。

I prefer going by bike.我宁愿骑单车去。

I prefer the white one.我喜欢那个白的。

倒装结构某些表示否定意义的副词或副词短语位于句首，表示强调，句子要求用倒装结构。

常见的这类副词或副词短语有：never，seldom ，rarely，no sooner．．．than，hardly／scarcely ／barely．．．when，no，little，nowhere，not，hardly，no longer，not until，not only．．．but also等等。

1、never，rarely，seldom位于句首，用于进行"比较"，句子要求用倒装结构。

例如：Never before that night had I felt the extent of my own power．2、no sooner ．．．than，hardly ／scarcely／barely ．．．when 位于句首，表示一件事紧接着另一件事发生，句子要求用倒装结构。

例如：Hardly had he opened his eyes when she told him that it was time for them to clean．Scarcely had it grown dark when she realize d it was too late to go home．3、在由neither，nor开头、引导的表示"前面所说的情况也适用于另一人（或事物）"的句子中，要求用倒装结构，neither，nor为"否定的附和"。

例如：The customer complained that the dining table had not beendelivered yet，and neither had the chairs．I could not persuade him to accept it，nor could I make him see the importance of it．但是，neither用作主语或主语的一部分时，不用倒装结构。

例如：Neither of the two books holds the opinion that the danger of nuclear war is increasing．Neither of the young men who had applied for a position in the university was accepted．4、含有not until的强调句，如果not until位于句首，句子要求用倒装结构，如果是主从复合句，倒装结构出现在主句中。