高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之事实细节题型(正稿)
高考英语 第三部分 阅读理解 专题九 事实细节课件
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第三部分 阅读理解
专题九 事实细节
方法技巧
一、事实细节题解题方案 细节是围绕主题展开的,是对中心主题的进一步表达。细节题是针对原 文提到的某个事物、现象或理论的考查。细节题主要考查考生是否能 在快速阅读文章的同时,从中获取某些特定的直接信息或理解特定信息 的意义。有些题是考查原文细节本身,有些是考查某些细节在文中的意 义。细节题的形式多种多样,主要表现为以下几种:是非判断题、例证 题(考查文中所引用例子的作用)、年代和数字、相关定义以及对某个 细节详细内容的发问(什么、哪里、什么时候、谁、为什么、怎样、 哪一个……)。常出现的考题形式有: 1.Which of the following is true/false/mentioned?
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句子的理解,考生在理解其意义时,一定要捕捉到关键性的词。对这类 题要认真、周全地考虑方能选取正确答案。这种题的正确选项往往是 原文意义的不同表现形式。干扰项常是以下几种情况:选项本身正确, 但不符合题干要求;选项本身错误或原文根本没提到;选项中含有原文 信息,但其中个别词描述得不准确,这种选项的干扰性最强,考生在答题 时要十分注意。
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计算题:要弄清数据间的逻辑关系,选准正确的数据进行计算,同时弄清 单位之间的换算关系。 对于广告、演出信息、航班时间表等的阅读,不必阅读全文,宜采用 “题干定位法”。 关注同位语和标点符号,如:破折号、括号、省略号等。 利用排除法时,考生要注意的是遇到两个难以抉择的选项时一定要通过 文章的整体意思来做出判断。 4.在备考中要每天至少阅读5篇文章,每篇7分钟左右。另外要注意文章 中的长难句,对于不熟悉的短语要求掌握。可用以下几种方法解决阅读 过程中遇到的长句和难句:①紧紧抓住句子的主干结构:主语、谓语、 宾语;②结合上下文分析句意;③根据语境分析、推测难句中的生词词
高考英语阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题
XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号学员编号：年级：高三课时数：学员姓名：辅导科目：英语学科教师：学科组长/带头人签名及日期学员家长签名及日期课题重点词汇的用法、高考阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题授课时间：备课时间：教学目标重点词语的词义辨析高考阅读理解-事实细节的技巧训练重点、难点重点词语的词义辨析高考阅读理解-事实细节题的应试技巧考点及考试要求事实理解题在阅读理解中占据相当的比例。
而基础词汇的词义和词性变化也为完形填空和语法填空提供所需材料教学内容Part I: Checking and revision1.上次课知识回顾；2.词汇记忆检测Part II:I . 词语辨析（旨在提供完型填空提供所需材料）1. ignore / neglect / overlook【解释】ignore 通常指有意不顾，或不理会显而易见的事物。
neglect 侧重指有意的忽略或忽视，也可指粗心与疏忽。
overlook 指因匆忙而疏忽或视而不见。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空○1We could not afford to _________ such a serious offence.2). He utterly ________ my warnings and met with an accident.3). Don’t ________ paying hima visit now and then.2. cheat / fool【解释】cheat 主要指盈利的买卖中或游戏竞赛中欺骗人，骗取人的钱等。
fool “愚弄”，指利用人缺乏常识，心理脆弱来欺骗人。
【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1). You may get _________ in that shop.2). He can’t __________ her. She sees through him every time.3. calm / quiet / silent / still【解释】calm 天气、水、水面（表风平浪静）；（指人时）表示镇定自如。
高考阅读理解事实细节题解题技巧
阅读理解事实细节题技巧点拨事实细节题题型特点Ø旨在考查考生对文章(或某一段落)中的一些特定细节或重要事实的辨认能力；Ø高考英语阅读理解中占比重最大的一类题型。
细节题的分类1. 直接事实题。
答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。
这种属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例极少。
2. 间接事实题这类题需要我们在理解的基础上将有关内容系统化才能找到，比如计算、排序、是非判断、图形比较等。
它又可分为：间接事实题的类型1）语言转述思考型。
答案与题目在意义上运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另一种表达。
这种属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。
2）语意理解型。
答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，考生需要通过对上、下文进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。
这种属于较高难度的事实细节题，分数比例很大。
3）是非辨别型。
这是一类综合事实细节理解题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”(三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。
4）事实排序型。
这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节理解题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事情发生、发展的正确顺序。
实战演练报纸四版文章：UKdriving test (P4)IN the UK, the number of young people taking their driving test has fallen by over 250,000 since 2005/06. There are several reasons for this, including the tough financial climate. With prices, university fees and unemployment rising, young people are watching what they spend. Learning to drive and running a car is often considered too expensive. But for those who do decide to learn, here’s what is involved…2. What has discouraged young people in the UK from learning to drive?A. Regulations at universities.B. The increasing number of road accidents.C. The fact that learning to drive costs a lot of money.D. The fact that the driving test has become harder to pass.【答案】2. C。
专题14：阅读理解细节题高分技巧(原题版)-2023年上海市高考英语一轮复习
首尾排除破解细节排序题。审读题干和四个选项的内容→利用首属，排除掉部分选项，缩小范围→如排序内容较多，再查看剩余选项的异同处，进一步缩小范用;如排序内容较少，一般即可快速得出答案。做此类试题时可采用“首尾排除法”，即先找出第一件事情和最后一件事情，使用排除法迅速缩小范围，从而快速选出正确选项；也可使用“代入淘汰法”按顺序逐一排除，得出正确选项。
同义互释法
【2022虹口二模】New analysis of these scans revealed that activity in the same regions Chen’s group had accurately pointed out in mice, the aDCN, appeared to be significantly disturbed in humans with Prader-Willi syndrome. In healthy individuals, the aDCN weremore activein response to food images while fasting than just after a meal, but no such difference was identifiable in participants with the disorder. The result suggested that the aDCN were involved in controlling hunger.
44.According to the project conducted by the researchers, ________.
A.the healthy testees weremore likely to overeatafter fasting
高三英语阅读理解：事实细节题
［解法点拨］ 解题时注意以下两点： 1.用题干或选项中的关键词在文中搜索(寻读)找到 题眼，迅速锁定相关词句或信息点，这是解题的 依据所在。 2.是非判断类细节题，如果题干中含有否定意义的 词语，如有not(如2010广东51题)，except (如2005 广东70题，2010广东53题，2011广东41题)等，要 特别留心。
C 事实细节题。由第四段第三、四句When…the testing and interviewing required to receive…, Dorothy was ready. She came to the assessment and passed in all areas可知，她通过了所要求的 各个方面的评估。选项A“她被邀请到一个餐馆参 加庆祝活动”，而事实上是她邀请作者到一个牛 排店庆祝她的胜利，张冠李戴；选项B也是张冠 李戴，事实是The author got a pen as a gift from Dorothy；在文中as if she had received her Ph.D. degree是说明她高兴得“好像得到博士学位”， 而选项C“她得到博士学位”，把虚拟说成事实， 因此，也错了。
9. What can we know about Dorothy from the last paragraph?
A. She was invited to a celebration at a restaurant. B. She got a pen as a gift from the author. C. She passed the required assessment. D. She received her Ph.D. degree.
7. In the journey, the author was most disappointed at seeing ____.
英语阅读理解技巧(事实细节题)
they used millions more dollars for personal expenses. Soon people realized that they had a terrible problem — their phosphate磷酸盐was running out. Ninety percent of their island was destroyed and they had nothing. By 2000, Nauru was financially ruined. Experts say that it would take approximately $433,600,000 and more than 20 years to repair the island. This will probably never happen.
• Q: According to the author, why are bicycles still popular in China today?
• A. Because they are traditional and safe.近义词
• B. Because they are convenient and inexpensive.
• C. Animals were a good means of transport.
• D. The existence of transport wheels was not known.
3） (2012山东A篇)Unfortunately, the leaders invested the money unwisely and lost millions of dollars. In addition,
(完整word)高考英语阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题
XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号Normandy became king of England in 1066, and from then on the islands were looked upon as British land. English control was unbroken until World War II, when the Germans held the islands for five years.Although people on the islands speak both languages and they are considered English, their customs are more French than English.（2000年北京春季）③Which of the following maps gives the right position of the Channel Islands?Br = Britain Fr = France Ch = Channel Islands细节专题四：其它类型例4 ：When she looked ahead. Florence Chadwick saw nothing but a solid wall of fog. Her body was numb. She had been swimming for nearly sixteen hours. Already she was the first woman to swim the English Channel in both directions. Now at the age of 34, her goal was to become the first woman to swim from Catalina to the California coast.On that fourth of July morning 1952, the sea was like an ice bath and the fog was so dense. She could hardly see her support boats. Sharks cruised toward her figure, only to be driven away by rifle shots. Against the frigid grip of the sea, she struggled on, hour after hour, while millions watched on national television.Alongside Florence in one of the boats, her mother and here trainer offered encouragement. They told her it wasn’t much farther. But all she could see was fog. They urged her not to quit. She never had… until then. With only a half mile to go, she asked to be pulled out.⑦What does “she never had…”in the third paragraph mean?A. She had never been so desperate.B. She had never thought of giving it up.C. She had never seen such thick fog.D. She had never swum across the strait before.练习：Do you want to live with a strong sense of peacefulness, happiness, goodness, and self- respect? The collection of happiness actions broadly categorized as "honor" help you create this life of good feelings.Here's an example to show how honorable actions create happiness.Say a store clerk fails to charge us for an item. If we keep silent, and profit from the clerk's mistake, we would drive home with a sense of sneaky excitement. Later we might tell our family or friends about our good fortune. On the other hand, if we tell the clerk about the uncharged item, the clerk would be grateful and thank us for our honesty. We would leave the store with a quiet sense of honor that we might never share with another soul.Then, what is it to do with our sense of happiness?In the first case, where we don't tell the clerk, a couple of things would happen. Deep down inside we would know ourselves as a type of thief. In the process, we would lose some peace of mind and self-respect. We would also demonstrate that we cannot lie trusted, since we advertise our dishonor by telling our family and friends. We damage our own reputations by telling others. In contrast, bringing the error to the clerk's attention causes different things to happen. Immediately the clerk knows us to be honorable. Upon leaving the store, we feel honorable and our self-respect is increased. Whenever we take honorable action we gain the deep internal rewards of goodness and a sense of nobility.。
高考英语阅读理解技巧训练—事实细节题(2021年整理)
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XXXX教育学科教师辅导讲义讲义编号The Student Health Service provides excellent medical services for students. The Medical Centre is open five days a week， including student holidays with four doctor's and nurses to meet your medical needs。
For further information： heal@waikato。
SportsThe Centre is a great place to have sports activities。
Trained exercise teachers can help you work out a training plan and keep you active. The sports hall has volleyball, basketball and indoor football courts and a swimming pool as well。
There are also a large number of sports clubs at Waikato。
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高考英语阅读理解满分秘籍之事实细节题型阅读理解满分秘籍——理解题干的要求是核心，分析选项的特点是基础，读懂原文的主旨是条件。
做到题干、选项与原文内容的完美结合。
事实细节题型高考《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求是：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。
考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；……《考纲》对阅读理解的能力要求的第一点是理解主旨要义。
第二点就是理解文中具体信息。
理解文中具体信息是阅读理解的基础，是考生透彻理解文章主旨要义的条件。
具体信息是围绕文章主题展开的，是对文章主题的进一步解释说明，以便让读者更好地了解作者的写作目的、意图等。
对应的题型就是事实细节题型。
主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。
该题型是阅读理解部分的主要题型，几乎占了阅读理解的二分之一。
充分理解文章具体信息，不仅有助于事实细节题型的答题，而且有助于其他题型的答题。
事实细节题型特点事实细节题型主要考查考生对文章（或某一段落）中某一些特定细节或文章的重要事实的理解能力。
通常会针对以下内容来出题。
1. 列举主要考查考生对文章里列出的具体内容是否都完全清楚，通常都是三点或四点，主要针对两种题型：Which题型（要求考生从选项中选出根据文章内容正确的选项）和except题型（要求考生排除三个正确的选项，选择根据文章内容错误的选项，通常称为“三缺一”）。
要求考生正确理解原文内容，并进行细致对比。
2. 转折与对比转折处常常是作者想要表达的内容，是语义的重点，一般通过转折词but, however, yet, actually / in fact / as a matter of fact 等或对比词unlike, not so / as …as, compared to等引导。
要求考生培养良好的逻辑思维能力，理解作者的真实意图。
3. 因果文章中的因果关系，可以用because, since, now that, for, as, so, therefore, moreover, thus, consequently，as a result / consequence, as a result / consequence of, on account of, thanks to, due to, owing to等连词、介词或短语，也可以是cause, result in, contribute to, lead to, originate from 等动词（短语）或base, basic, result, consequence等名词。
要求考生能理解文章上下文的前因后果，是高考必考题。
4. 举例由like, as, such as, for example, for instance等引导的举例说明。
要求考生找到它要说明的内容，不能张冠李戴。
5. 数字与时间文章上下文中出现不同的数字或时间。
要求考生把出现的这些数字或时间之间的逻辑关系理解清楚，并进行简单的计算。
6. 最高级、绝对性与唯一性文章中若出现most + adj. / adv.或者adj./ adv. + est等最高级或first, must, all, only, anyone, always, never, none等绝对性词，或only, unique, simply, just等表示唯一性词往往是出题点，但答案可能不是这些词。
要求考生对作者表达事物的层次进行细致理解，不能有偏差。
7. 专有名词文章中的专有名词包括人名、地名或其他专有名词。
要求考生能够迅速找到这些词在文章上下文中的具体意义和作用。
8. 插入语文章中的插入语在句中有时是对一句话的一些附加解释、说明或总结；有时表达说话者的态度和看法；有时起强调的作用；有时是为了引起对方的注意；还可以起转移话题或说明事由的作用；也可以承上启下，使句子衔接得更紧密一些。
要求考生理解文章上下文的逻辑关系，读懂作者的真实意图。
9. 特殊符号文章中的破折号——对上文解释说明或补充；含义的递进；含义的转折或转换；对上文的总结。
括号------对上文起解释或补充说明的作用，但是削弱了强调的作用。
冒号-------用于对后面内容的介绍或解释。
引号-----表示引用他人的话或者表示特殊含义或强调。
要求考生能够知道作者使用这些符号的具体用意。
事实细节题的命题对于事实细节题的命题，出题人主要根据上面提到的出题点，列出下列题型。
直接信息题(在原文中可直接找到答案，常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。
) 、语义转换题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换，两者存在表达上的差异，有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论。
)、逻辑排序题、数字换算题、是非判断题、图表图画题等。
1.直接信息题（全国卷II和III要考）在高考英语阅读理解试题中，假如答题信息可以直接从文中获取，我们称之为直接信息题。
直接信息题常用特殊疑问词when、where、who、what、why 和how 等来提问，有时前面还加上According to the passage。
考查考生对于文章中的具体内容的理解能力。
做题时，考生首先找到原文中与题干要求相对应的准确信息，然后与选项内容进行分析对比即可确定最佳答案。
即题干定位法。
例如：1.（2017·全国1,A片段）Pacific Science Center GuideVisit Pacific Science Center’s StoreDon't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于）upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser DomeHungry?Our exhibits will feed your mind, but what about your body? Our cafe offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The cafe is located up-stairs in Building I and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closesRental InformationLockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building I near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required.Q: Where can you buy a souvenir at Pacific Science Center’s Store?A. In Building 1.B. In Building 3.C. At the Laser DomeD. At the Denny Way entrance.【解题思路】第一步确定题干中的关键词本题题干的关键词是：where; souvenir第二步根据关键词定位信息句本题信息句是：Don't forget to stop by Pacific Science Center's Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or souvenir to remember your visit. The store is located(位于）upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laser Dome答案：B【干扰项分析】A、C、D三项张冠李戴。
位于一号楼的咖啡馆和问询处等均不出售纪念品，排除A项；文章第一部分提到商店毗邻Laser Dome，而不是说在Laser Dome可以买纪念品，排除C项；根据文章第三部分中的“Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance."可知，在Denny Way的入口处可以租借婴儿车和轮椅而不能买纪念品，排除D项。
2. 语义转换题（核心题型）在高考英语阅读理解试题中，如果正确的选项是对文中信息进行了同义的转换，比如用近义词替换原文词语，我们称之为语意转换题。
语意转换题考查考生对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理的能力，是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型。
做题时，考生需要准确理解每个选项的意思，寻找与原文信息相关的近义词、同义词或反义词，仔细比较选项和原文信息，才能选出最佳答案。
即断章取义法。
例如：(2016·全国I A）AYou probably know who Marie Curie was, but you may not have heard of Rachel Carson. Of the outstanding ladies listed below, who do you think was the most important woman of the past 100 years?Jane Addams(1860-1935)Anyone who has ever been helped by a social worker has Jane Addams to thank. Addams helped the poor and worked for peace. She encouraged a sense of community(社区)by creating shelters and promoting education and services for people in need. In 1931, Addams became the first American woman to win the Nobel Peace Prize.Rachel Carson(1907-1964)If it weren’t for Rachel Carson, the environmental movement might not exist today. Her popular 1962 book Silent Spring raised awareness of the dangers of pollution and the harmful effects of chemicals on humans and on the world’s lakes and oceans.Sandra Day O’Connor(1930-present)When Sandra Day O’Connor finished third in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman. She became an Arizona state senator(参议员) and ,in 1981, the first woman to join the U. S. Supreme Court. O’Connor gave the deciding vote in many important cases during her 24 years on the top court.Rosa Parks(1913-2005)On December 1, 1955, in Montgomery, Alabama, Rasa Parks would not give up her seat on a bus to a passenger. Her simple act landed Parks in prison. But it also set off the Montgomery bus boycott. It lasted for more than a year, and kicked off the civil-rights movement. “The only tired I was, was tired of giving in,” said Parks.22. What was the reason for O’Connor’s being rejected by the law firm?A. Her lack of proper training in law.B. Her little work experience in court.C. The discrimination against women.D. The poor financial conditions.【解题思路】第一步确定题干中的关键词本题题干的关键词是：O'Connor; the law firm第二步根据关键词定位信息句本题的信息句是：When Sandra Day O’Connor finished in her class at Stanford Law School, in 1952, she could not find work at a law firm because she was a woman.第三步对比信息句和选项，得出答案根据信息句可知，0'Connor找不到工作是因为她是一名女生。