2019年6月英语六级翻译新题型模拟题以及10套星火翻译预测题-21页word资料
2019英语六级阅读模拟试卷试题包括答案.doc
2019 英语六级阅读模拟试题及答案（ 3 ）Passage OneQuestions 56 to 60 are based on the following passage.Caught in a squeeze between the health needs of aging populations on one hand and the financial crisis on the other, governments everywhere are looking for ways to slow the growth in health-care spending. Increasingly, they arelooking to the generic-drugs ( 普通药物 ) industry as a savior. In November Japan's finance ministry issued a report complaining that the country's use of generics was less thana third of that in America or Britain. In the same monthCanada's competition watchdog criticized the country's pharmacies for failing to pass on the savings made possibleby the use of generic drugs. That greed, it reckoned, costs taxpayers nearly C$1 billion a year.Then on November 28th the European Commission issued the preliminary results of its year-long probe into drug giantsin the European Union. The report reached a damning~, though provisional, conclusion：the drugs firms use a variety of unfair strategies to protect their expensive drugs bydelaying the entry of cheaper generic opponents. Though this initial report does not carry the force of law (a finalreport is due early next year), it has caused much controversy. Neelie Kroes, the EU's competition commissioner, says she is ready to take legal action if the evidence allows.One strategy the investigators criticize is the use ofthe "patent duster( 专利群 )". A firm keen to defend its drug due to go off-patent may file dozens or hundreds of newpatents, often of dubious merit, to confuse and terrifypotential copycats and maintain its monopoly. An unnamed drugs firm once took out 1,300 patents across the EU on a single drug. The report also suggests that out-of-court settlements between makers of patented drags and generics firms may be a strategy used by the former to delay market entry by the latter.According to EU officials, such misdeeds -have delayed the arrival of generic competition and the accompanying savings. On average, rite report estimates, generics arrived seven months after a patented drug lost its protection, though where the drug was a big seller the lag was four months. The report says taxpayers paid about q 3 billion more than they would have-had the generics gone on sale immediately.But hang on a minute, Though many of the charges of bad behavior leveled at the patented-drugs industry by EU investigators may well be true, the report seems to let the generics industry off the hook( 钩子 ) too lightly. After all, if the drugs giants stand accused, in effect, of bribing opponents to delay the launch of cheap generics, shouldn't the companies that accepted those "bribes" also share the blame?56.Why are governments around the world seeking ways to reduce their health-care spending?A)They consider the generic-drugs industry as a savior.B)They are under the double pressure of aging group and financial crisis.C)Health-care spending has accounted too large proportion.D)Health-care spending has cost taxpayers too much income.57.What can we learn from the report issued by the European Commission?A)Drug firm will use just ways to protect their drags.B)Cheaper generic drugs are easy to enter market,C)The report has come to an ultimate conclusion.D)The final report may lead to commissioner's legal action.58.The investigators seriously condemned the drugfirms for__________.A)they do not let their opponents to resort to the cometB)they use clusters of patents to protect their productsC)they bribe the cheaper generic opponentsD)trey do not pass on the savings made by use of generic drugs59.On average, the genetics will be delayed to enterthe market by __________.A)seven monthsB)three monthsC)four monthsD)eleven months60.Which of the following accords with the author's view?A)Charges on patented-drug industry are anything but true.B)Generics industry is a sheer victim in the competition.C)Only drug giants are to blame.D)Exclusion of generics industry from taking responsibilityis questionable.56．B)。
2019年六级翻译作文练习题
2019年6月六级翻译汉语现在是世界上用作本族语人数最多的语言。
汉语与西方语言的一个重要区别在于它是以方块字(character)而不是以字母构成的。
目前仍在使用的书写系统中，汉语是最古老的。
在中国，来自不同地区的人可能听不懂对方的方言，但由于汉字有统一的书写形式，他们交流起来几乎没有任何困难。
汉语历史上对团结中华民族发挥了重要作用。
今天，随着中国经济的快速增长和全球影响力的增强，越来越多其他国家的人也开始学习汉语。
Chinese is now the language with the largest number of native speakers in the world. A significant difference between Chinese and Western languages is that Chinese consists of characters rather than letters. At present, Chinese is the most ancient in the writing system which is still in use. In China, people from different areas may not understand each other’s dialects, but they can barely have difficulty in communicating due to the unified writing forms of Chinese characters. In history, Chinese played an important role in uniting the Chinese nation. Nowadays, with the rapid increase of Chinese economy and the enhancement of global influence, an increasing number of people in other countries have begun to learn Chinese.成语(Chinese idioms)是汉语中的一种独特的表达方式，大多由四个汉字组成。
2019年6月六级翻译练习与解析(上)
https:/// 2019年6月六级翻译练习与解析（上）（一）【原文】既然投机有很大的带来损失的风险，我们可能要问为什么还会允许进行投机呢。
根本原因在于投机能在经济发展中发挥有益的功能。
由于相信价格会上涨从而买商品或期货加快了市场均衡，并能鼓励更多的供应商更快地进入市场。
如果价格变化滞后到商品短缺真正出现时才发生，那么价格波动很可能更为剧烈、突然。
采取补救措施增加供应将刻不容缓。
类似的，如果投机者预见到某商品将过剩，他们就会卖出期货，这样做有助于在过剩真正发生之前在一定程度上降低价格。
而当投机者预见到将会出现短缺的时候，就会哄抬物价，这样做也有助于保存当前的供给。
物价上涨时，商品购买量就会变少，因为价格上涨将促使消费者节约。
同样的，物价下跌将促使消费者增加购买，这样就有助于将正在增加的过剩商品出售出去。
【参考译文】One might ask why speculation is permitted when there is so real a danger of loss. The basic reason is that speculation can perform useful functions in the market equilibrium and encourages faster entry of more suppliers. If the price change lagged until after an actual commodity shortage had occurred, the fluctuation would probably be sharper and more sudden. Remedial supply action could not be further delayed.https:/// Similarly, if speculators foresee a surplus in some commodity, their selling of futures will help drive the price down to some extent before the surplus actually occurs. When speculators foresee a shortage and bid up the price, they are also helping to conserve the present supply. As the price goes up, less of the commodity is purchased; a rise in price encourages users to economize. Similarly, a lowering of price encourages users to buy more, thus helping to sell the surplus which is developing.（二）【原文】星期四这天，围观者们聚集在一起观看暴风的时候，台风“潭美”(Typhoon Trami)引发的60英尺高的海水，在海宁市附近的海岸突然落下。
2019年6月大学英语六级模拟试卷及答案(二)
2019年6月大学英语六级模拟试卷及答案（二）一、问答题（共11题，共120分）1.Part I Reading Comprehension2.Passage 23.Passage 34.Passage 45.Part II Vocabpary and Structure6.Part III Cloze7.Part IV Translation8.Part IV Translation9.Part IV Translation10.Part IV Translation11.Part V Writing1、正确答案：BCDCA2、正确答案：DCDBA3、正确答案：DACBD4、正确答案：CACCB5、正确答案：21-25 DBADA26-30 CDCAB31-35 BCBAC36-40 CCBDC41-45 ACCAA46-50 DDAAC51-55 BDABD56-60 ACABD6、正确答案：61-65 CBADC66-70 BDABB71-75 AABBD76-80 CACDA7、正确答案：船长意识到这些船员是要欺骗他，因此，在余下的航程里他让他们干更累的活。
8、正确答案：由于能够减轻运输工具本身的重量，铝材能大大地减少驱动它们本身所需的燃料。
9、正确答案：由于铝的资源几乎是无止境的，我们可预计对这种多用途的金属将会发挥越来越多的用途。
10、正确答案：Everyone had an application from in his hand, but no one knew which office to send it to.11、正确答案：Sample WritingThe First Impression of My RoommateIt was my first day at the institute. I got into the building where I was going to live, and looked door after door for my name. At last I found it. In the room, there was already a student making his bed. After we said “how do you do?” to each other, he continued his work, paying no more attention to me.I looked around the room and found that it had been thoroughly cleaned. No doubt it was he who had done it.I looked at him. He was thin, short and dark. His hair was like a bundle of straw. His dirty clothes and tired look told me that he had had a long journey. His clothes were made of cheap cloth, and he wore a pair of rubber shoes, which were very unfashionable. He was not a very smart freshmen at all.The second time he spoke, his accent told me that he was from the south. “Shall I help you to get your luggage from the office?”I did not refuse since I really needed help. He was quick inmovement. He walked out of the room and was soon far ahead of me to the office.“A good guy,”I said to myself.“I will make friends with him ”,and I hurried and caught up with him.。
2019年6月大学英语六级(第二套)真题及答案解析
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题答案与详解（第二套）Part I Writing (30 minutes) 【参考范文】How to deal with the complicated interpersonal relationships always remains a major worry for most of us. Wise words or books that aim to teach us to tackle this daunting issue are, almost without exception, putting stress on mutual understanding and respect, the significance of which seems self-evident.Mutual understanding requires us to put ourselves in each other's place and be forgiving of others5 difficulties. By doing so, we will become more easy-going and accessible, and thus more likely to avoid unnecessary conflicts and frictions with others, a common trigger for a failed relationship. Mutual respect—for privacy, lifestyles, hobbies, professions, opinions and the like— helps create a friendly atmosphere that encourages us to share and exchange our ideas openly without the fear of feeling offended.To sum up, this principle of socializing is certainly a prerequisite for healthy and stable interpersonal relationships. Neglect of it will lead us to end up being estranged from, or even hostile to, each other.【范文译文】如何处理复杂的人际关系始终是我们大多数人的一大烦恼。
2019年6月英语六级考试模拟题及答案解析 ( 2)
2019年6月英语六级考试模拟题及答案解析 ( 2）Part I Reading Comprehension (共20小题，每小题2分，共40分)Directions: In this part there are four passages. Each passage is followed by four comprehension questions. Read the passage and answer the questions. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:Some years ago the captain of a ship was very interested in medicine. He always took medicine books to sea and liked to talk about different diseases.One day a lazy sailor on his ship pretended to be ill. He lay on his bunk (铺) and groaned as if he were very sick. The captain came to see him and was very pleased to have a patient to look after. He told the man to rest for a few days and made the other sailors do his work. Three days later another sailor pretended that he had something wrong with his chest. Once more the captain looked in his medical books and told “sick” man to have a rest.The other sailors were very angry because they had more work to do. The patients had the best food and laughed at their friends when the captain was not looking. At last the mate (船长副手) decided to cure the “sick” men. He mixed up some soap, soot (烟灰), glue (胶水) and other unpleasant things. Then he obtained permission from the captain to give his medicine to the “sick” men. When they tasted the medicine, they really did feel ill. It was so horrible that one of the patients jumped out of hi bunk, ran up on desk and climbed the highest mast on the ship. He did not want any more medicine.The mate told both of the men that they must take the medicine every half an hour, night and day. This soon cured them. They both said they felt better and wanted to start word again. The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage.1. The first sailor pretended to be ill because he wanted to .A. test the captain’s knowledge of medicineB. be free from workC. have the best food on the shipD. play a joke on his friends2. When the captain knew a sailor was ill, he .A. didn’t care muchB. sent for a doctorC. looked after him and told him to have a restD. gave him some medicine3. The patients felt better quickly because .A. they had been given proper medicineB. they learned that the captain had found out the truthC. they were laughed at by their friendsD. the medicine the mate gave was horrible4. When the captain knew he had been deceived, he .A. told them not to do so againB. lost his temperC. made them work harderD. fired them5. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?A. A sudden Cure.B. Two Patients.C. Captain and Sailors.D. A Difficult Voyage.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:When aluminum was first produced about a hundred and fifty years ago, it was so difficult to separate form the ores in which it was found that its price was higher than that of gold. The price remained high until a new process was discovered for refiningthe metal with the aid of electricity approximately three quarters of a century later. The new method was so much cheaper that aluminum because practical for many purposes, one of which was making pots and pans.Aluminum is lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different forms. By mixing it with other metals, scientists have been able to produce a variety of alloys, some of which have the strength of steel but weigh only one third as much.Today, the uses of aluminum are innumerable. Perhaps its most important use is in transportation. Aluminum is found in the engine of automobiles, in the hulls of boats. It is also used in many parts of airplanes. In fact, the huge “airbus” planes would probably never have been produced if aluminum did not exist. By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, Aluminum is also being used extensively in the building industry in some countries.Since aluminum is such a versatile (多用的) metal, it is fortunate that bauxite (铝土矿), which is one of its chief sources, is also one of the earth’s most plentiful substances. As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal.6. The price of aluminum was sharply reduced when people discovered a new refining process with the aid of .A. windB. solar energyC. hydraulic powerD. electricity7. Aluminum is .A. lightweight, rustproof but not easily shaped into different formsB. heavyweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different formsC. lightweight, rustproof and easily shaped into different formsD. lightweight and easily shaped into different forms but it is easy to become rusty8. Which of the following is NOT true?A. Aluminum is widely used in transportation.B. Aluminum is also used in many parts of airplanes.C. Aluminum is being used extensively in the building industry.D. Aluminum is not used in its pure form.9. Aluminum is found on earth mostly in the form of .A. pure metalB. bauxiteC. goldD. liquid10. What is the passage talking about?A. The features of aluminum and its functions.B. The process of aluminum.C. The discovery of aluminum.D. The promising future of aluminum.Passage 3Questions 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:The idea of a special day to honor mothers was first put forward in America in 1907. two years later a woman, Mrs. John Bruce Dodd, in the state of Washington proposed a similar day to honor the head of the family—the father. Her mother died when she was very young, and her father brought her up. She loved her father very much.In response to Mrs. Dodd’s idea that same year—1909, the state governor of Washington proclaimed (宣布) the third Sunday in June Father’s Day. The idea was officially approved by President Woodrow Wilson in 1916. in 1924, President Calvin Coolidge recommended national observance of the occasion “to establish more intimate (亲密) relations between fathers and their children, and to impress upon fathers the full measure of their obligations.” The red or white rose is recognized as the official Father’s Day flower.Father’s Day took longer to establish on a national scale than Mother’s Day, but as the idea grained popularity, tradesmen and manufacturers began to see the commercial possibilities. They encouraged sons and daughters to honor their fathers with small thank-you presents, such as a tie or pair of socks, as well as by sending greeting cards.During the Second World War, American servicemen stationed in Britain began to request Father’s Day greeting cards to send home. This generated a response with British card publishers. Though at first the British public was slow to accept this rather art ificial day, it’s now well celebrated in Britain on the third Sunday in June in much the same way as in America.Father’s Day seems to be much less important as occasion than the Mother’s Day. Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only.11. When did Father’s Day officially begin to have national popularity?A. 1907B. 1909C. 1916D. 192412. Who first started the idea of holding the Father’s Day?A. Mrs. John Bruce DoddB. Mrs. John Bruce’s MotherC. The government of Washington.D. Some businessmen.13. What flower will be popular on Father’s Day?A. LilyB. Water LilyC. Red rose or white roseD. Sunflower.14. Which statement is true, a according to this passage?A. It took even longer for Mother’s Day to gain national popularity.B. The businessmen helped to make Father’s Day popular.C. Father’s Day is only celebrated in America.D. Father’s Day is only a trick of the businessmen to make money.15. What was the first reaction of the British publishing towards Father’s Day?A. They thought highly of it and accepted it at once.B. They just accepted it at once without any hesitation.C. They just thought it a joke.D. They thought it was too artificial and took a long time to accept.Passage 4Questions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Culture shock is an occupational disease (职业病) for people who have been suddenly transplanted abroad.Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. Those signs are as following: when to shake hands and what to say when meet people, when and how to give tips, how to make purchases, when to accept and refuse invitations, when to take statements seriously and when not. These signs, which may be words, gestures, facial expressions, or customs, are acquired by all of us in the course of growing up and as much a part of our culture as the language we speak or the beliefs we accept. All of us depend on hundreds of these signs for our peace of mind and day-to-day efficiency, but we do not carry most at the level of conscious awareness.Now when an individual enters a strange culture, all or most of these familiar signs are removed. No matter how broadminded or full of good will you may be a series of supports have been knocked from under you, followed by a feeling of frustration. When suffering from culture shock people first reject the environment which caused discomfort. The ways of the host country are bad because they make us feel bad. Whenforeigners in a strange land get together in complain about the host country its people, you can be sure that they are suffering from culture shock.16. According to the passage, culture shock is .A. an occupational disease of foreign peopleB. may lead to very serious symptomsC. actually not a diseaseD. incurable17. According to the passage, culture shock result from .A. the sudden change of social atmosphere and customsB. the sudden change of our daily habitsC. the sudden loss of our own signs and symbolsD. the discomfort that we feel when faced with a foreigner18. Which one of the following may not be a symptom of culture shock?A. You don’t know how to express your gratitude.B. You don’t know how to greet other people.C. You suddenly forget what a word means.D. You don’t understand why a foreigner shrugs.19. According to the passage, how would a person who stays abroad most probably react when he is frustrated by the culture shock?A. He is most likely to refuse to absorb the strange environment at first.B. He is really to accept the change and adapt himself to the new environment.C. Although he takes the culture difference for granted, he still doesn’t know how to do with it.D. He may begin to hate the people or things around him.20. The main idea of this passage is that .A. culture shock is an occupational diseaseB. culture shock is caused by the anxiety of living in a strange cultureC. culture shock has peculiar symptomsD. it is very hard to cope with life in a new settingQuestions 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and in decisions makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important—and that has happened in some cases—we are as badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Monism”—but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are sings that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit—nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place on it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.16. The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is .A. fundamental to a sound democracyB. not pertinent to healthy family lifeC. responsible for MonismD. what we have almost given up17. The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that .A. the role of the father may become an inferior oneB. the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC. the children will grow up believe that life is a battle of sexesD. sharing leads to constant arguing18. The author states that bringing up children .A. is mainly the mother’s jobB. belongs among the duties of the fatherC. is the job of schools and churchesD. involves a partnership of equals19. According to the author, the father’s role in the home is .A. minor because he is an ineffectual parentB. irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC. pertinent to the healthy development of the childD. identical to the role of the child’s mother20. With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A. A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B. Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C. Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D. A woman’s place is always in the home.Part II Vocabulary and Structure (共40小题，每小题1分，共40分)Directions: In this part there are forty incomplete sentences. Each sentence is followed by four choices. Choose the one that best completes the sentence and then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. The teacher the students on a tour through the art museum.A. madeB. indicatedC. forcedD. took22. Tom’s parents died when he was a child, so he was by his relatives.A. grown upB. brought upC. raisedD. fed up23. Here is my card. Let’s keep in .A. touchB. relationC. connectionD. friendship24. So far there is no proof people from other planets do exist.A. whichB. howC. whatD. that25. The newspapers reported yesterday several on the boundaries of these two countries.A. incidentsB. happeningsC. eventsD. accidents26. We’ve worked out the plan and now we must put it into .A. factB. realityC. practiceD. deed27. He didn’t and so he failed the examination.A. work enough hardB. hard work enoughC. hard enough workD. work hard enough28. Not until Mr. Smith came to China what kind of country she is.A. he knewB. he didn’t knowC. did he knowD. he couldn’t know29. Scientists say it may be ten years this medicine was put to use.A. sinceB. beforeC. afterD. when30. In some countries, is called “equality” does not really mean equal rights for all people.A. thatB. whatC. whichD. how31. We didn’t know his telephone number, otherwise we him.A. would telephoneB. would have telephoneC. had telephonedD. must have telephoned32. We’ve missed the last bus, I’m afraid we have no but to take a taxi.A. wayB. possibilityC. choiceD. selection33. Luckily, most sheep the flood last month.A. enduredB. survivedC. livedD. passed34. My parents always let me have my own of living.A. wayB. methodC. mannerD. fashion35. Like other language skills, reading requires practice.A. the most ofB. much of theC. most of theD. more of the36. It is only through practice one will be able to swim skillfully.A. whatB. whoC. thatD. which37. The brain is capable of ignoring pain message of to concentrate on other activities.A. it allowedB. is it allowedC. allowedD. allowed it38. Don’t worry, I have already them the decision.A. informed; withB. informed; ofC. informed; forD. informed; that39. The child was sorry his mother when he arrived at the station.A. to missB. having missedC. missingD. to have missed40. I wonder why he to discuss the problem at the meeting.A. declinedB. rejectedC. refusedD. delayed41. You can hang up what you like on these walls.A. bareB. emptyC. blankD. vacant42. According to a , the majority would rather have newspapers without a government than a government without newspapers.A. electionB. campaignC. pollD. vote43. The population of the village has decreased 150 to 500.A. inB. atC. byD. with44. It seems that there is that I can’t do.A. nothingB. anythingC. everythingD. none45. They are often caring more about animals than human beings.A. accused ifB. accused withC. charged ofD. charged for46. a good beginning is made, the word is half done.A. As soon asB. WhileC. AsD. Once47. George could not his foolish mistake.A. account inB. count onC. count forD. account for48. We came into this field late, so we must work hard to the lost time.A. make up forB. make outC. keep up withD. put up with49. The new law will came into on the day it is passed.A. effectB. useC. serviceD. existence50. We can separate the mixture into the pure chemical compounds it is composed.A. in whichB. of whatC. of whichD. from which51. Mrs. Lincoln has that she is unable to get a job.A. such small educationB. so little educationC. a such little educationD. a so small education52. She can’t prevent her little boy shooting birds.A. from; toB. on; atC. with; upD. from; at53. Many countries are increasing their use of natural gas, wind and other forms of .A. energyB. sourceC. powerD. material54. A darkened sky in the daytime is usually and indication that a storm is .A. possible comingB. about to take placeC. close byD. expected to be severe55. We all know that speak louder than words.A. movementsB. performanceC. operationsD. actions56. , he could not cover the whole distance in fifteen minutes.A. Fast as he canB. As he can ran fastC. If he can ran fastD. Since he ran fast57. Agricultural production in that country has increased in recent years.A. vastlyB. strikinglyC. considerablyD. extremely58. Peter has planned to some money every month so that he can buy a used car next year.A. set asideB. set upC. set inD. set along59. Although I spoke to him many times, he never took any of what I said.A. attentionB. noticeC. warningD. observation60. They overcame all the difficulties and fulfilled the plan three months ahead of time, is something we had not expected.A. thatB. whatC. itD. whichPart III Cloze (共20小题，每小题1分，共20分)Directions: There are twenty blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices. Choose the one that best fits into the passage and then marks your answer on the Answer Sheet.Most Americans don’t like to get advice from members of their family. When they need advice, they don’t usually 61 people they know. 62 , many Americans write letters to newspapers and magazines which give advice 63 many different subjects, including family problem, sex, the use 64 the language, health, cooking, children, and how to buy a house or a car.65 newspaper regularly print letters 66 readers with problems. Along 67 the letters there are answers written 68 people who are supposed to know how to 69 such problems. Some of these writers are doctors: 70 are lawyers or educators. But two of the most famous writers of advice 71 women without special training 72 this kind of work. One of them answers letters 73 to “Dear Abby”. The other is addressed 74 “Dear Ann Landers”. Experience is their preparation for 75 advice.There is one writer who has not lived long 76 to have much experience. She is a girl named Angel Cavaliere, who started writing 77 for newspaper readers 78 the age of ten, her advice to young readers now 79 regularly in the Philadelphia Bulletin in a column 80 DEAR ANGEL.61. A. talk B. ask C. tell D. speak62. A. Because B. Instead C. When D. As63. A. for B. in C. on D. with64. A. with B. on C. to D. of65. A. Most B. These C. Those D. The66. A. from B. for C. to D. about67. A. in B. with C. on D. for68. A. to B. for C. about D. by69. A. make B. overcome C. beat D. solve70. A. some B. many C. others D. those71. A. is B. are C. were D. was72. A. for B. on C. at D. by73. A. made B. addressed C. written D. sent74. A. with B. for C. as D. by75. A. producing B. giving C. making D. sending76. A. time B. yet C. way D. enough77. A. advise B. answers C. advice D. problems78. A. at B. on C. in D. about79. A. gives B. sends C. appears D. writesThere are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is the sort of brain he is born 61 . Human brains differ considerably, 62 being more capable than others. 63 no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low order of intelligence 64 he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what 65 to the individual—the sort of environment in which he is brought 66 . If an individual is handicapped (受阻碍) 67 , it is likely that his brain will 68 to develop and he will 69 attain the level of intelligence of which he is 70 .The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be 71 by the case history of the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they are placed in 72 foster (寄养) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an 73 community with poor educational 74 . John, 75 , was educated in the home of well-to-do parents who has been to college. This environmental 76 continued until the twins were 77 their late teens, 78 they were given tests to 79 their intelligence. John’s I.Q. (智商) was 125, twenty-five points higher than the 80 and fully forty points higher than his identical brother.61. A. for B. by C. with D. in62. A. most B. some C. many D. few63. A. But B. For C. Still D. And64. A. if B. thought C. as D. unless65. A. refers B. applies C. happens D. concerns66. A. about B. up C. forward D. forth67. A. relatively B. intelligently C. regularly D. environmentally68. A. fail B. help C. manage D. stop69. A. ever B. never C. even D. nearly70. A. able B. capable C. available D. acceptable71. A. demonstrated B. denied C. neglected D. ignored72. A. separate B. similar C. remote D. individual73. A. omitted B. isolated C. enclosed D. occupied74. A. possibilities B. opportunities C. capacities D. responsibilities75. A. moreover B. consequently C. then D. however76. A. exception B. division C. difference D. alteration77. A. in B. by C. at C. for78. A. while B. since C. when D. because79. A. estimate B. count C. decide D. measure80. A. average B. common C. usual D. ordinaryPart IV Translation (共35分)Section A (共5小题，每小题4分，共20分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese. You may refer to the corresponding passages in Part I.81、The captain realized that the men tried to deceive him so he made them work very hard for the rest of the voyage. (Passage One)82、By making vehicles lighter in weight aluminum has greatly reduced the amount of fuel needed to move them, (Passage Two)83、As the source of aluminum is almost inexhaustible, we can expect that more and more uses will be found for this versatile metal. (Passage Two)84、Not many of the children offer their fathers some presents. But the American fathers still think they are much better fated than the fathers of many other countries, who have not even a day for their sake in name only. (Passage Three)85、Culture shock is caused by the anxiety that results from losing all familiar signs and symbols of social intercourse. (Passage Four)86、In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. (Passage Four)87、Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的，切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family. (Passage Four)Section B (共5小题，每小题3分，共15分)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English.86、如果你听从我的劝告，你可能会获胜。
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案
2019年6月大学英语六级考试真题及参考答案Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay on the importance of motivation and methods in learning.You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.【参考范文】As a n old saying goes, knowledge can change one’s life. In order to acquire knowledge, we have to study hard. However, it can not be ignored that effective learning needs both motivation and scientific methods.It’s not difficult for us to come up with several possible reasons accounting for this perspective. In the first place, learning is a kind of serious and hard work. Therefore, not everyone is able to keep going without certain internal motivations. Besides, scientific methods play a significant role in improving learning efficiency. Many of us believe that the longer you study, the better grades you will get. But a lot of experiences of our classmates prove that this view is not entirely correct. In details, studying for a long time is exhausting and it is very likely to decrease study efficiency, which is critical to academic performance.From what has been mentioned above, we can easily draw a conclusion that the importance of motivation and methods in learning is self-evident. And it is necessary for us to develop good learning methods.【参考范文译文】俗话说，知识能改变命运。
2019年大学英语六级模拟题及答案(六)
2019年大学英语六级模拟题及答案(六)Part Ⅱ Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions： There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a singleline through the centre.Passage 1Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage：According to Forrester Research, 8.6 million online shoppers access the Internet via a high-speed connection, compared to 12 million using dial-up. Taken alone, those findings are hardly groundbreaking. What’s noteworthy is the rest of the picture that emerges from that study： Those broadband users are younger, richer , and better informedthan their narrowband counterparts. They spend more time and money online and are more likely to buy customized products and services.So why hasn’t the Internet become the focus for broadband companies seeking to establish relationships with a demographic that has demonstrated a preference for their product? Simply put, until recently, their attempts fell flat. Just over a year ago, our agency launched an online performance-based e-marketing campaign to promote a broadband service. Despite engaging creative and a compelling offer, it met with resounding silence. Six months later, the responsewas only marginally better. So we were only cautiously optimistic two months later when we launched another campaign for the same advertiser, using the same offer. This time, it was a success. Response rates tripled and the customer acquisition cost dropped from $300 to under $100.Clearly, the floodgates have opened and the most sought-after consumers are rushing through to broadband. And while the surge in response wasn’t a complete surprise given the emphasis placed on marketing broadband services, it was enough to make us curious about what other factors were at play. What we discovered was a scenario where so many people have experienced broadband’s superiority at work, school, and even in friends’ homes that they know what they’re missing.According to U.S. News & World Report, some 20 million households nationwide now have broadband, with another100,000 signing up each week. That saturation has created a market of increasingly discontent dial-up subscribers for broadband companies to reach. Imagine the impact when -- as dial-up users impatiently wait for Web pages to load -- an ad pops up promising lightning-fast access. Their responsestarts an on going relationship managed through newsletters and other e-mail communications designed to keep them informed about value-added services, special promotions, etc. Not only is it a demographic pre-disposed to online CRM, itis also one that is far from oversold. In fact, less thanone-third of U.S. households will subscribe to a broadband service by 2006. And as services designed specifically for broadband increase and support for dial-up declines, the 42 percent of Internet users who said they didn’t needbroadband will become receptive to a well-focused CRM program. But it won’t last forever. While the window of opportunityto reach broadband buyers online is open, it’s not likely to stay that way. Broadband may be the current heir apparent for connectivity, but wireless has given every indication it will be a sleeper hit, emerging from nowhere to take the top spot.In short, the time for broadband companies to establish online customer relationships is now -- before the window slams shut.21. What is NOT mentioned as the result of Forrester Research in the first paragraph?A) A lot of online shoppers access the Internet by broadband.B) Broadband users get more information than the dial-up users.C) It is probable for broadband users to buy the products specially made for them.D) It is the first time for people to find out the number of broadband and narrowband users.22. What did the online performance-based e-marketing campaign bring at first?A) The promotion of a broadband service.B) Cautious responses.C) No response at all.D) Some marginal responses.23. Why did another campaign become a success later?A) Because the agency has used a compelling offer.B) Because people have enjoyed the broadband’s advantages in their daily life.C) Because the agency has spent a lot of money on the advertisements.D) Because people become curious about the broadband.24. It can be inferred from the passage that____.A) Few is likely to use dial-up in the future.B) Broadband companies should establish online customer relationships now.C) About 20 million households nationwide now have broadband.D) People design more services specially for broadband.25. What is the main idea of this passage?A) How Forrester Research got the valuable information.B) Why people want to use broadband.C) How broadband services find success in online CRM.D) Broadband services have great influence on people.Passage 2Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage：The following passage is an opening speech by Lord Weidenfeld, founder of the Europaeum and Chairman, Weidenfeld and Nicolson Publishers I am very privileged and gratified to talk to you today. I think it is most appropriate to havethis meeting at the Humboldt University, Berlin, because of the impulse to the creation to the European network, to the sequence of events, and that great turning point of history, which is symbolised by the fall of the Berlin wall. It was that particular impulse that started an enterprise to bring together teachers and students in, first of all, Western European Universities to offer resources to thoseuniversities which had only recently emerged in other parts of Europe. So we started the Europaeum network. Six universities joined us initially. We then approached the University of Prague to join us for the beginning of an enlargement, which would also to include universities previously behind the Iron Curtain. The group that we assembled around the Europaeum logo is by no means exclusive and we would very much like to enlarge it. Theterm ’variable geometry’ is very fashionable in international politics, but I think it also applies to our intentions, we want it to expand and include other universities either as full members or associates so free standing research institutes.Thanks to the generosity of our German sponsor DaimlerChrysler, particularly the Davies Group of the organization, Dr Klaus Mangold and Dr Bensel, we are now engaging in a study of the roles of the universities in the future. We have a number of ideas regarding how to set about answering these three major questions： What is the futurerole of the university? If we have established what it is, how do we equip it to produce the resources and do its job and what role does it play in our society? We hope to have a number of ongoing conferences and exchanges of views on the subject thanks to the friendly and co-operation of Humboldt University.We are now in a new era since 11 September. I think that one day we will regard that approximate decade from the fall of the wall in Berlin and the destruction of the World Trade Centre in New York. Here it is important that we play our role. In what we now see in the plateau of Central Southeast Asia, a holy alliance of barbarism, fanaticism and high tech product of the information society. The University, by having as a component an important dosage of humanism, makes all the difference between a Robespierre like revolution or a continuation of the human spirit with the new resources and tools, carefully husbanded, monitored and controlled.Thanks to President of Humboldt University, Professor Michael Kreile, Professor Pera, Paul Flather and colleagues.26. What is the attitude of the speaker toward the development of Europaeum?A) Europaeum is open to almost all universities.B) Europaeum is exclusive to some enterprises.C) Europaeum is open only to research institutes.D) Europaeum is exclusive to any other universities.27. What can be concluded about the Europaeum logo from the first paragraph?A) Being no exclusive.B) Bringing together teachers and students in Western European Universities.C) Enlarging Europaeum.D) Having variable geometry.28. What is the subject of this conference?A) How to equip a university to produce the resources.B) How to enlarge a university to some extent.C) How to cooperate with other universities.D) A study of the roles of the universities in the future.29. What kind of organization does the speaker hope to have?A) An organization in which they play an important role.B) An organization full of humanism.C) An organization of revolution.D) An organization full of information.30. What is the purpose of the organization?A) To continue and develop human spirit with new resources and tools.B) To exchange views with different universities.C) To unite universities and enterprises.D) To create the European network to continue humanism.Passage 3Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage：When a heart-lung machine was invented that could take over the job of the heart, put oxygen into the blood and keep the circulation going during surgery, surgeons could stop the heart while they were cutting and suturing. Recently, in certain cases, some surgeons have begun operating without the pump while the heart continues to beat.“The benefits of off-pump surgery are tremendous for patients who meet the criteria for this procedure,” says Dr. Jim Zellner with the Alliance of Cardiac, Thoracic and Vascular Surgeons. “There is less need for blood products, less chance of complications during and after surgery,earlier recovery and earlier return to regular activity.”Seawood Murray feels he was led by God to find Dr.Zellner and Memorial Hospital and to have off-pump surgery.A veteran of the United States Navy as a nuclear weapons security officer and commanding officer of a mine assembly group for more than 31 years, Seawood has never complained about stress or pain. He saw three tours of duty off the coast of Vietnam.However, after suffering from chest pain for almost a year and being misdiagnosed with chronic heartburn, Seawood knew something was seriously w rong. At the Veteran’shospital in Murfreesboro, he learned he had heart disease and was told to come back in six weeks.“I didn’t want to wait that long and asked for areferral to The Chattanooga Heart Institute,” Seawood says. “Dr. Noel Hunt found tha t 40% of my heart was not gettingthe amount of blood it needed to operate properly.” Four days later, Seawood was undergoing off-pump triple bypass surgery at Memorial Hospital under the hand of Dr. Zellner. “I was sitting up that evening, walking around the second day and feeling good enough to go home the third day, but I stayed till the fourth morning,” Seawood says. “Two others who had on-pump bypass surgery the same day I had mine off-pump were barely walking when I left.”31. How do surgeons usually operate on a heart-attacker according to the passage?A) They operate without a pump.B) They operate with a heart-lung machine.C) They operate by stopping the heart.D) They operate with nothing but cutting and suturing.32. Which of the following statements is NOT the benefit of off-pump surgery?A) The heart-attack patients will be recovered in one day.B) There are fewer chances for heart-attack patients to suffer from other new diseases during the course of hear attack.C) Off-pump surgery needs fewer blood products.D) The heart-attack patients will be well again earlier.33. What’s wrong with Seawood Murray?A) He suffered from chronic heartburn.B) He suffered from heart attack.C) He had three tours of duty off the coast of Vietnam.D) His heart couldn’t get blood it needed to operate.34. What did Dr. Zellner do for Seawood Murray’s disease?A) Dr. Zellner gave him a surgery with a heart-lung machine..B) Dr. Zellner diagnosed his disease as chronic heartburn.C) Dr. Zellner gave him an off-pump triple bypass surgery.D) Dr. Zellner referred him to another hospital.35. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A) Seawood Murray could hardly walk four days after the surgery.B) Seawood Murray got recovered more slowly than other patients.C) Seawood Murray felt well and went home the third day after the surgery.D) Seawood Murray went home the fourth day after the surgery.Passage 4Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage：The key element to successful interviewing is not your experience, your grades,what classes you took, your extracurricular activities, or any of the other basic necessities. Those skills are what got you the interview. The key element to uccessful interviewing can be summed up in one word： attitude. If you want to rise above others with better experience, better grades, or better anything, you will needto work on developing a highly positive work attitude.Your attitude determines whether you will “make the cut” or be discarded. Remember, there are plenty of competitorswith the ability to do almost any given job-- especially atthe entry level. The way most employers differentiate at the entry level is by candidates’ attitudes towa rd the job. Your attitude is often what recruiters will remember when the dust has settled after reviewing ten, twenty, or even one hundred candidates--the one who was sincerely willing to put forthhis very best effort. If you have the attitude of wanting todo your very best for the company, of being focused on the company’s needs, of putting yourself forth as the person who will be committed and dedicated to fulfilling their needs,you will likely be the one chosen.Why is attitude so important? Because most companiesalready have their full share of multi-talented superstarswho care about no one but themselves. Ask any manager who the most valuable member of his team is, and he will point not to the overrated superstar, but to the person who has the “can do” attitude, the person who can be counted on in any situation, the person who truly strives for excellence. Giveme a team player who is achieving at 99% and I will take herover a flashy superstar who is running at 50% efficiency any day of the week. And so will 99% of all hiring managers.So don’t worry if you are not “superstar” quality. If you can show me, in your words and actions, that you are ready to put forth your very best effort toward achieving excellence, you will be chosen over the superstar. You can show your winning attitude in the way you present yourself. Incorporate the actual words “positive attitude,” “excellence,” and “striving to be my best” into your interview language. Then show by your stories and examples how these words positively affect your life. Show me when and where and how you have put forth extra effort above and beyond the call of duty. Show me how you beat a deadline, how you excelled in a project, or how you made a difference by going the extra mile. If you can show me, by words and examples, your “can do” attitude, it is you I will hire, while all of the superstars will receive polite rejection letters to add to their growing collections.36. What is the key element to successful interviewing according to this passage?A) Courses taken before.B) A varied experience.C) A positive work attitude.D) Interviewees’ capability.37. Which of the following statement is correct in the author’s opinion?A) There are inadequate competitors with the ability to do almost any given job— especially at the entry level.B) Most interviewers generally depend on the candidates’ attitudes toward the job to choose the employees.C) Most employers tell the difference between candidates by their entry level.D) Better experience and better grades become the most important elements to be chosen. 38. Who is the most valuable member of his team to a manager?A) The multi-talented superstar.B) The person who tries his best for excellence.C) The person who counts on himself and does not cooperate with others.D) The flashy star who makes the company famous.39. In an interview, what makes you leave a good impression on the interviewer?A) Your boasting words.B) The words such as positive attitude, excellence, and striving to be my best.C) Your own stories.D) Words and examples to show your positive attitude.40. What is the best title for this passage?A) Your Attitude Determines Whether You Will “Make The Cut” or Be Discarded.B) How to Find a Good Job.C) The Most Important Aspect of Interviewing.D) A Successful Interviewing.答案部分Part ⅡPassage One短文大意本文讨论的是宽带服务是如何通过在线CRM中获得成功的。
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2014年6月英语六级翻译新题型模拟题（1）原文：中国是世界上最大的发展中国家，人口约占世界总人口的22%。
在过去相当长的时期里，由于诸多原因,贫困一直困扰着中国。
20世纪80年代中期，中国农村绝大多数地区凭借自身的发展优势，经济得到快速增长，但少数地区由于经济、社会、历史、自然等方面的制约，发展相对滞后。
中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了以解决贫困人口温饱问题为主要目标的有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发，极大地缓解了贫困现象。
参考答案China is the largest developing country in the world and its population accounts for about 22 percent of the world’s total. For a long period of its history, China has been plagued by poverty for various reasons. In the mid-1980s, the economy of an overwhelming majority of the rural areas in China grew dramatically by virtue of their own advantages, but a small number of areas still lagged behind because of the constraints of their economic, social, historical, and natural conditions. The Chinese government, while working on all-round economic and social development, has nationwide implemented a large-scale program for development-oriented poverty relief in a planned and organized way. With the main objective of helping poverty-stricken people solvethe food and clothing problems, this program has gone a long way toward alleviating poverty.难点精析1.发展中国家：英语中对应的表达为developing country，该句结构简单，直译即可。
2.人口约占世界总人口的……：此句紧接上文，和前面一个分句共享一个主语China，为了指代清楚并且避免重复，此处的“人口”可译为its population。
表达“(数量、比例上)占”有一个常用的词组account for。
“世界总人口”如果直译的话是the world’s total population或者the total population of the world，但是由于该分句的主语中已经出现了一次population,故此处可将total活用作名词，意为“总数”。
3.在过去相当长的时期里：该分句如果直译的话可译为for a long time in the past，但是根据语境，此处“相当长的时期”指的是“中国历史中的一个很长的时期”，又由于该分句所在句的主语随后紧接着出现，因而可以意译为for a long period of its history。
4.由于诸多原因：此处较为简单，可以有多种译法。
“由于”可以用because of, due to, out of来表达，也可以用一个简洁的单词for。
“诸多”的表达方式也有很多，如many, various, a lot of, lots of等。
因而该分句可简洁地译为for various reasons。
5.贫困一直困扰着……：表达“被贫困所困扰”较为常用的译法是be plagued by，由于此处表达的是过去已经发生并且其影响持续到现在的一种状态，因而注意时态要采用现在完成时。
此处可译为…has been plagued by poverty。
6. 20世纪80年代中期……发展相对滞后：该句较长，翻译时要注意平衡句子的结构。
“经济发展较快”中的“经济”指的是“中国农村绝大多数地区的经济”，在翻译时可以照此调整一下句子的语序。
“滞后”常用lag behind 来表达。
7.中国政府在致力于……缓解了贫困现象：该句内容较多，翻译时可以根据语义将该长句拆分成两个独立的句子，即：“中国政府在致力于经济和社会全面发展的进程中，在全国范围内实施了有计划、有组织的大规模扶贫开发。
扶贫开发以解决贫困人口的温饱问题为主要目标，极大地缓解了贫困现象。
”“致力于”可以用短语work on来表达。
“扶贫开发”实际上是一个项目，因而可灵活译为a program for development oriented poverty relief。
（2）原文：北京有无数的胡同(hutong)。
平民百姓在胡同里的生活给古都北京带来了无穷的魅力。
北京的胡同不仅仅是平民百姓的生活环境，而且还是一门建筑艺术。
通常，胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20 口人住。
所以，胡同里的生活充满了友善和人情味。
如今，随着社会和经济的飞速发展，很多胡同被新的高楼大厦所取代。
但愿胡同可以保留下来。
参考答案：In Beijing, there are numerous hutongs. The life of common people in hutongs brings endless charm to the ancient capital, Beijing. The hutong in Beijing is not only the living environment of common people but also a kind of architecture. Usually, there is a courtyard complex inside hutong, with rooms shared by 4 to 10 families of about 20 people. Therefore, life in hutongs is full of friendliness and genuine humanity. Nowadays, with rapid social and economic development, many hutongs are replaced by new tall buildings. I hope hutongs can be preserved.难点精析：1.带来了无穷的魅力：翻译为bring endless charm to。
2.汉语习惯于用并列的散句或短语来表达一个语境，而英文习惯上用整句表述，句内不太重要的信息会用介词短语或从句来补充说明，如本段中“胡同内有一个大杂院，房间够4到10个家庭的差不多20口人住”是：两个并列关系的汉语短句，翻译成英文时可将第二句用with介词结构表达出来，起补充说明的作用。
3.充满友善和人情味：翻译为full of friendliness and genuine humanity。
4.随着社会和经济的飞速发展：翻译为with rapid social and economic development，也是with介词短语的应用，在句中作伴随状语。
（3）原文：要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解。
中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种。
作为一个独立的剧种，京剧的诞生大约是在1840年至1860年。
京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的。
京剧有明确的角色分工;在念白上用北京方言;在音乐上以胡琴为主要伴奏乐器。
由于京剧是在融合各种地方戏之精华的基础上形成的，所以它不仅为北京的观众所钟爱，也受到全国人民的喜爱。
参考答案To understand the Chinese culture, you have to know something about the Chinese opera culture. In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one. As an independent opera form, Peking Opera was approximately born between 1840 and 1860. Peking opera originated from absorbing the essentials of other local operas. In Peking Opera there is a clear division of roles; the spoken parts are in Beijing dialect; and huqin, is the main accompaniment instrument. Since Peking Opera has combined the cream of various local operas, it is enjoyed not only by Beijing audience, but also by people all over the country.难点精析1.要了解中国文化，就应该对中国的戏曲文化有所了解：该句没有给出明确的主语，因而在翻译时要注意：增译主语you。
“中国的戏曲文化”可译为the Chinese opera culture。
2.中国地方戏种类很多，其中京剧是一个具有代表性的剧种：该句在翻译时可以采用非限定性定语从句结构。
该句可译为：In China, there are many kinds of local operas, among which Peking Opera is a representative one.注意此处为了避免在前后分句中重复使用名词opera 而在后半句中使用了名词性替代词 one。
3.京剧是在吸收其他地方戏营养的基础上形成的：“在……的基础上形成”如果直接译为be formed on the I basis of...会稍显生硬，因而可以灵活译为originate from...。