L5 The Sad Young Men-
The sad young man总结
The sad young man总结《Sad Young Man》总结无论是在现实生活中，还是在文学作品中，我们都可以经常看到一些年轻人面对生活的困惑和痛苦。
这些年轻人失去了对未来的信心，常常陷入情绪低落的状态。
本文将以《Sad Young Man》为主题，总结和探讨这类人物形象在文学中的普遍存在和深层原因。
在现代文学中，Sad Young Man经常出现，他们常常受到内心的困扰和外部环境的压力。
他们可能是失业者，被现实中的困境所压迫；也可能是受到心理创伤的人，患有抑郁或焦虑等心理疾病。
无论是什么原因，这些年轻人都经历着内外矛盾的冲突。
首先，年轻人常常对未来感到困惑，不知道自己应该前进的方向。
在过渡期的年轻人经常面临职业选择的困惑，他们不确定自己的兴趣和激情在哪里，也不知道自己适合从事什么样的工作。
随着社会发展的速度越来越快，他们深陷于所谓的幸福悖论中，追求物质财富和社会地位，但对内心的满足却越来越寥寥无几。
这种追求的过程常常使年轻人感到痛苦和迷茫。
其次，年轻人在情感方面也常常受到困扰。
他们往往对爱情和人际关系充满了幻想，但往往因为缺乏经验和成熟度，而遭受到情感的伤害和挫折。
在现代社会中，人们往往更加重视物质和外表，而忽视了真正的情感和内心世界。
年轻人往往陷入独自面对失恋、孤独和无助的困境中，他们通常没有足够的能力来处理这些情感问题，进而导致了他们的内心痛苦。
此外，社交媒体和虚拟世界也为年轻人带来了很多负面影响。
年轻人常常在社交媒体上展示一幅完美的形象，试图在他人眼中保持高水平的认可度。
然而，这种不真实的表象往往加深了他们内心的孤独感，因为他们很难真实地与他人建立起深层次的联系。
虚拟世界中的社交互动往往缺乏真实和情感，限制了年轻人获得关爱和支持的机会，进一步加深了他们的内心痛苦。
最后，我们必须认识到Sad Young Man并非全然消极。
事实上，这些年轻人也拥有敏锐的洞察力和创造力。
他们对社会的不满和内心的痛苦往往会激发他们发起变革和创新的动力。
The Sad Young Men 高级英语ppt课件
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The Sad Young Men 悲哀的青年一代
“The Sad Young Men” was a term created by F. Scott Fitzgerald in his collection of stories All the Sad Young Men to describe the disillusioned younger generation after World War I，especially the young writers who lived as expatriates in Western Europe for a short time. It is also called the “Lost Generation”.
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beatnik披头族
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Hippy & Hippie 嬉皮士
It refers to someone 他们提倡非传统
who rejects the
的宗教文化，批
established culture; 评西方国家中层
advocates extreme 阶级的价值观。
liberalism in politics 主张在政治和生
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.
The Lost Generation 迷惘的一代
The "Lost Generation" was the generation that came of age during World War I. The term was popularized by Ernest Hemingway, who used it as one of two contrasting epigraphs for his novel, The Sun Also Rises.
Unit5TheSadYoungMen背景介绍解析
American Culture in the 1920s
The decade of the 1920s is often characterized as a period of American prosperity and optimism. It was the Roaring Twenties, the decade of bath tub, gin（杜松子酒）, the model T, the $5 work day, the first transatlantic flight, and the movie. It is often seen as a period of great advance as the nation became urban and commercial .
The decade is also seen as a period of rising intolerance（偏执） and isolation: chastened（抑制） by the first world war, historians often point out that Americans retreated into a provincialism （偏狭观念） evidenced by the rise of the Ku Klux Klan(is a secret organization of white Protestant men in the U S ,which promotes violence against black people ,Jews ,and other minorities), the anti radical hysteria of the Palmer raids, restrictive immigration laws, and prohibition(禁酒）.
Unit-5-The-Sad-Young-Men背景介绍解析
Overall, the decade is often seen as a period of great contradiction: of rising optimism and deadening cynicism（愤世嫉俗）, of increasing and decreasing faith, of great hope and great despair. Put differently, historians usually see the 1920s as a decade of serious cultural conflict.
American Culture in the 1920s
The decacterized as a period of American prosperity and optimism. It was the "Roaring Twenties," the decade of bath tub, gin（杜松子酒）, the model T, the $5 work day, the first transatlantic flight, and the movie. It is often seen as a period of great advance as the nation became urban and commercial .
The Sad Young Men高级英语下册第十课
2
3.由修饰事物转为修饰人 adj.+ sth. →adj.+ sb. He is not an easy writer. The child was noisy in the morning. Peaceful people are not violent.
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Vocabulary
1.nostalgic (reminiscent)
[英][nɒ'stæ ldʒɪk] [美][nɒ'stæ ldʒɪk] adj.怀旧的; 乡愁的; 令人怀念的; It is easy to feel nostalgic in this part of the city. 城市的这些地区，容易使人产生怀旧的心情。 Consumers themselves say the appeal is a little bit nostalgic, and a little bit in-your-face. 消费者自己说这种款式的魅力在于能给人以一丝怀 旧及唯我独尊感。
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移就修辞手法(transferred epithet) 移就就是将仅可用于修饰某种东西的词 汇移植修饰到另一类东西上的一种语言 使用手法，即将甲事物的修饰成分转移 到乙事物上，是风马牛不相及的成分凑 在一起，反而使得语言简练凝缩，形象 生动。句中的绿色字体，它们实际上分 别修饰the middle-aged和the young。
The Sad Young Men
Rod W.Horton and Herbert W.Edwards
5/16/2014
The Sad Young Men（忧伤的年轻人）
• “The Sad Young Men” was a term created by F .Scott Fitzgerald in his collection of stories All the Sad Young Men to disillusioned younger generation after WWI, especially the young writers who lived as expatriates in Western Europe for a short time. They were also called the “lost generation” by Gertrude Stein. They rebelled against former ideals and values, lived in a Bohemian style, but could replace them only by despair or a cynical hedonism.
the-sad-young-men-课文和翻译
The Sad Young MenRod W. Horton and Herbert W. Edwards1 No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation. The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young: memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road; questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting "sheik," and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the "flapper" and the "drug-store cowboy." "Were young people really so wild?" present-day students ask their parents and teachers. "Was there really a Younger Generation problem?" The answers to such inquiries must of necessity be "yes" and "no"--"Yes" because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem; "no" because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degenerauon of our jazzmad youth.2 Actually, the revolt of the young people was a logical outcome of conditions in the age: First of all, it must be remembered that the rebellion was not confined to the Unit- ed States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the aftermath of the first serious war in a century. Second, in the United States it was reluctantly realized by some- subconsciously if not openly -- that our country was no longer isolated in either politics or tradition and that we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a provincial morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.3 The rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable. The booming of American industry, with its gigantic, roaring factories, its corporate impersonality, and its largescale aggressiveness, no longer left any room for the code of polite behavior and well-bred morality fashioned in a quieter and less competitive age. War or no war, as the generations passed, it became increasingly difficult for our young people to accept standards of behavior that bore no relationship to the bustling business medium in which they were expected to battle for success. The war acted merely as a catalytic agent in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure, and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth-century society.4 Thus in a changing world youth was faced with the challenge of bringing our mores up to date. But at the same time it was tempted, in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and a pose of Bohemian immorality. The faddishness , the wild spending of money on transitory pleasures and momentary novelties , the hectic air of gaiety, the experimentation in sensation -- sex, drugs, alcohol, perversions -- were all part of the pattern of escape, an escape made possible by a general prosperity and a post-war fatigue with politics,economic restrictions, and international responsibilities. Prohibition afforded the young the additional opportunity of making their pleasures illicit , and the much-publicized orgies and defiant manifestoes of the intellectuals crowding into Greenwich Village gave them a pattern and a philosophic defense for their escapism. And like most escapist sprees, this one lasted until the money ran out, until the crash of the world economic structure at the end of the decade called the party to a halt and forced the revelers to sober up and face the problems of the new age.5 The rebellion started with World War I. The prolonged stalemate of 1915 -- 1916, the increasing insolence of Germany toward the United States, and our official reluctance to declare our status as a belligerent were intolerable to many of our idealistic citizens, and with typical American adventurousness enhanced somewhat by the strenuous jingoism of Theodore Roosevelt, our young men began to enlist under foreign flags. In the words of Joe Williams, in John Dos Passos' U. S. A., they "wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up." For military service, in1916-- 1917, was still a romantic occupation. The young men of college age in 1917 knew nothing of modern warfare. The strife of 1861 --1865 had popularly become, in motion picture and story, a magnolia-scented soap opera, while the one hundred-days' fracas with Spain in 1898 had dissolved into a one-sided victory at Manila and a cinematic charge up San Juan Hill. Furthermore, there were enough high school assembly orators proclaiming the character-forming force of the strenuous life to convince more than enough otherwise sensible boys that service in the European conflict would be of great personal value, in addition to being idealistic and exciting. Accordingly, they began to join the various armies in increasing numbers, the "intellectuals" in the ambulance corps, others in the infantry, merchant marine, or wherever else they could find a place. Those who were reluctant to serve in a foreign army talked excitedly about Preparedness, occasionally considered joining the National Guard, and rushed to enlist when we finally did enter the conflict. So tremendous was the storming of recruitment centers that harassed sergeants actually pleaded with volunteers to "go home and wait for the draft," but since no self-respecting person wanted to suffer the disgrace of being drafted, the enlistment craze continued unabated.6 Naturally, the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure were soon dissipated once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth- century warfare. To their lasting glory, they fought with distinction, but it was a much altered group of soldiers who returned from the battlefields in 1919. Especially was this true of the college contingent, whose idealism had led them to enlist early and who had generally seen a considerable amount of action. To them, it was bitter to return to a home town virtually untouched by the conflict, where citizens still talked with the naive Fourth-of-duly bombast they themselves had been guilty of two or three years earlier. It was even more bitter to find that their old jobs had been taken by the stay-at-homes, that business was suffering a recession that prevented the opening up of new jobs, and that veterans were considered problem children and less desirable than non-veterans for whatever business opportunities that did exist. Their very homes were often uncomfortable to them; they had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives couldunderstand. Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the war and now, in sleepy Gopher Prairies all over the country, they were being asked to curb those energies and resume the pose of self-deceiving Victorian innocence that they now felt to be as outmoded as the notion that their fighting had "made the world safe for democracy." And, as if home town conditions were not enough, the returning veteran also had to face the sodden, Napoleonic cynicism of Versailles, the hypocriticaldo-goodism of Prohibition, and the smug patriotism of the war profiteers. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to "give" and, after a short period of bitter resentment, it "gave" in the form of a complete overthrow of genteel standards of behavior.7 Greenwich Village set the pattern. Since the Seven-ties a dwelling place for artists and writers who settled there because living was cheap, the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and eccentricity. It had also harbored enough major writers, especially in the decade before World War I, to support its claim to being the intellectual center of the nation. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and "Puritanical" gentility , ,should flock to the traditional artistic center (where living was still cheap in 1919) to pour out their new-found creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.8 Soon they found their imitators among the non-intellectuals. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of "flaming youth", it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames. "Bohemian" living became a fad. Each town had its "fast" set which prided itself on its unconventionality , although in reality this self-conscious unconventionality was rapidly becoming a standard feature of the country club class -- and its less affluent imitators --throughout the nation. Before long the movement had be-come officially recognized by the pulpit (which denounced it), by the movies and magazines (which made it attractively naughty while pretending to denounce it), and by advertising (which obliquely encouraged it by 'selling everything from cigarettes to automobiles with the implied promise that their owners would be rendered sexually irresistible). Younger brothers and sisters of the war generation, who had been playing with marbles and dolls during the battles of Belleau Wood and Chateau-Thierry, and who had suffered no real disillusionment or sense of loss, now began to imitate the manners of their elders and play with the toys of vulgar rebellion. Their parents were shocked, but before long they found themselves and their friends adopting the new gaiety. By the middle of the decade, the "wild party" had become as commonplace a factor in American life as the flapper, the Model T, or the Dutch Colonial home in Floral Heights.9 Meanwhile, the true intellectuals were far from flattered. What they had wanted was an America more sensitive to art and culture, less avid for material gain, and less susceptible to standardization. Instead, their ideas had been generally ignored, while their behavior had contributed to that standardization by furnishing a pattern of Bohemianism that had become as conventionalized as a Rotary luncheon. As a result,their dissatisfaction with their native country, already acute upon their return from thewar, now became even more intolerable. Flaming diatribes poured from their pensdenouncing the materialism and what they considered to be the cultural boobery of our society. An important book rather grandiosely entitled Civilization in the United States, written by "thirty intellectuals" under the editorship of J. Harold Stearns, was therallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with America. The burden of the volumewas that the best minds in the country were being ignored, that art was unappreciated,and that big business had corrupted everything. Journalism was a mere adjunct tomoneymaking, politics were corrupt and filled with incompetents and crooks, andAmerican family life so devoted to making money and keeping up with the Joneses that it had become joyless, patterned, hypocritical, and sexually inadequate. These defectswould disappear if only creative art were allowed to show the way to better things, butsince the country was blind and deaf to everything save the glint and ring of the dollar,there was little remedy for the sensitive mind but to emigrate to Europe where "they do things better." By the time Civilization in the United States was published (1921), most of its contributors had taken their own advice and were Wing abroad, and many more of the artistic and would-be artistic had followed suit.10 It was in their defiant, but generally short-lived, European expatriation that ourleading writers of the Twenties learned to think of themselves, in the words of Gertrude Stein, as the "lost generation". In no sense a movement in itself, the "lost generation"attitude nevertheless acted as a common denominator of the writing of the times. Thewar and the cynical power politics of Versailles had convinced these young men andwomen that spirituality was dead; they felt as stunned as John Andrews, the defeatedaesthete In Dos Passos' Three Soldiers, as rootless as Hemingway's wanderingalcoholics in The Sun Also Rises. Besides Stein, Dos Passos, and Hemingway, therewere Lewis Mumford, Ezra Pound, Sherwood Anderson, Matthew Josephson, d. Harold Stearns, T. S. Eliot, E. E. Cumminss, Malcolm Cowley, and many other novelists,dramatists, poets, and critics who tried to find their souls in the Antibes and on the Left Bank, who directed sad and bitter blasts at their native land and who, almost to a man,drifted back within a few years out of sheer homesickness, to take up residence oncoastal islands and in New England farmhouses and to produce works ripened by thetempering of an older, more sophisticated society.11 For actually the "lost generation" was never lost. It was shocked, uprooted for atime, bitter, critical, rebellious, iconoclastic, experimental, often absurd, more oftenmisdirected- but never "lost." A decade that produced, in addition to the writers listedabove, such fisures as Eugene O'Neill, Edna St. Vincent Millay, F. Scott Fitzserald,William Faulkner, Sinclair Lewis, Stephen Vincent Benét, Hart Crane, Thomas Wolfe, and innumerableothers could never be written off as sterile ,even by itself in a momentof self-pity. The intellectuals of the Twenties, the "sad young men," as F. Scot Fitzserald called them, cursed their luck but didn't die; escaped but voluntarily returned; flayed the Babbitts but loved their country, and in so doing gave the nation the Iiveliest, freshest,most stimulating writing in its literary experience.•二十年代社会生活的各个方面中，被人们评论得最多、渲染得最厉害的，莫过于青年一代的叛逆之行了。
thesadyoungman修辞总结(一)
thesadyoungman修辞总结(一)前言这份文稿旨在总结“thesadyoungman修辞”的相关特点和创作风格，向读者展示一位资深创作者的才华。
我们将通过以下几个方面来阐述这位创作者的修辞手法以及其所代表的意义。
正文修辞手法的多样性•隐喻和比喻：thesadyoungman修辞善于运用隐喻和比喻，以丰富形象和意义。
他不拘泥于字面意义，而是通过暗示和类比，将抽象的概念具象化。
这种修辞手法让读者更深入地理解他的作品，产生共鸣。
•排比和反复：为了强调某个观点或表达某种情感，thesadyoungman修辞经常采用排比和反复，通过不同的句子结构或词语的重复，形成韵律感和节奏感。
这种手法使得他的作品更具有感染力和记忆性。
•对仗和押韵：thesadyoungman修辞善于运用对仗和押韵，通过音韵的呼应和句子的平衡感，增强了作品的美感和音乐性。
这种修辞手法也让读者对他的作品产生更深的印象。
创作风格的独特性•情感表达的深刻性：thesadyoungman修辞的作品往往充满着深邃的情感表达，通过细腻的描写和独特的观察力，打动读者的心灵。
他将内心的痛苦、喜悦和迷茫转化为文字，以此触动读者的共鸣。
•思想深度的探索：thesadyoungman修辞的作品不仅仅是情感的宣泄，更包含了对人生、爱情、社会等问题的深度思考。
他通过抽象的意象和深沉的句子，在作品中探索人类存在的意义和社会现实的冲突。
•意象的诗意性：thesadyoungman修辞作品中常常出现富有诗意的意象，这些意象透过文字表达出来，让读者感受到一种美的存在。
这种诗意性与他对情感和思想的表达相得益彰，使得他的作品更加丰富和引人入胜。
结尾通过以上内容的总结，我们可以看出，thesadyoungman修辞是一位具有极高修辞才华和独特创作风格的资深创作者。
他的作品充满情感、思想和诗意，深深触动着读者的心灵。
无论是在文字的表达上，还是在对人生的思考中，他都能带给读者深刻的感受和启发。
the-sad-young-men-课文和翻译
The Sad Young MenRod W. Horton and Herbert W。
Edwards1 No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation。
The slightest mention of the decade brings nostalgic recollections to the middle-aged and curious questionings by the young：memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality，and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road；questions about the naughty，jazzy parties, the flask-toting ”sheik,” and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the "flapper” and the ”drug-store cowboy。
” "Were young people really so wild？" present-day students ask their parents and teachers。
”Was there really a Younger Generation problem？” The answers to such inquiries must of necessity be "yes" and "no”-—”Yes" because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem；”no" because what s eemed so wild，irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degenerauon of our jazzmad youth。
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ADE II Lesson 5 The Sad Young menExercise OneDirections : Choose the closest explanation out of the given items A.B.C.D. according to the underlined part in each of the following sentences.1. No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation.A. paradeB. organized opposition to authorityC. criticismD. organized demonstration2. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;A. bar; loveB. salon; chatC. outdoor theatre; drinkD. seaside; sex3. questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting ―sheik,‖ and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ and the ―drugstore cowboy.‖A. cowboy to buy medicine in the drugstoreB. a young man cast in a cowboy on the stageC. a young man who loafs around drugstores or on street corners.D. cowboy in the countryside drugstore4. ―no‖ because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazz mad youth.A. deterioration.B. popularityC. degreeD. scale5. the rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.A. incredibleB. impossibleC. increasedD. not avoidable6. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energiesA. habitualB. routineC. openD. Hidden7. Thus in a changing world youth was faced with the challenge of bringing our mores up to date.A. conventionsB. phenomenonC. cultureD. Social behavior8. The faddishness, the wild spending of money on transitory pleasures and momentary novelties.A. outdatedB. pastC. temporaryD. prospective9. a postwar fatigue with politics, economic restrictions, and international responsibilities.A. warinessB. wearinessC. energyD. attitude10. And like most escapist sprees, this one lasted until the money ran outA. spending money without restraintB. spending money cautiouslyC. consume rationallyD. luxury shopping11. In the words of Joe Williams, in John Dos Passos’ U. S. A., they ―wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up.‖A. diedB. came to the endC. had a restD. yielded12. since no self-respecting person wanted to suffer the disgrace of being drafted, the enlistment craze continued unabated.A. waneB. waxC. undiminishedD. progressed evenly13. citizens still talked with the naïve Fourth-of–July bombast they themselves had been guilty of two or three years earlier.A. boastB. discussionC. debateD. comment14. Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the warA. depressedB. confinedC. releasedD. excited15. the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and eccentricity.A. quality distinguished from othersB. behavior that is adrift according to changesC. behavior admitted by a societyC. quality of irregular from the convention16. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to ―give‖ and, after a short period of bitter resentment, it ―gave‖ in the form of a complete overthrow of genteel standards of behavior.A. relaxB. tension-dominatedC. crazyD. tension-overburdened17. ―Bohemian‖ living became a fad.A. curlB. crazeC. choiceD. discard18. What they had wanted was an America more sensitive to art and culture, less avid for material gain, and less susceptible to standardization.A. numbB. obsoleteC. ignoredD. sensitive19. Journalism was a mere adjunct to moneymaking.A. something essentialB. something added but not essentialC. elementD. aim20. politics were corrupt and filled with incompetents and crooksA. dishonest menB. roamersC. famine victimsD. losersExercise 2Directions: Write out the original word or phrase according to the underlined part in each of the following sentence. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.1. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the bravedenunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in love affair in the parked sedan on a country road;2. Actually, the revolt of the young people was a natural result of conditions in the age.3. we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a limited morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.4. The war acted merely as an activator in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,catalytic agent5. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of slaughter it released their inhibited violent energies6. in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and an insincere presence of Bohemian immorality.7. the excited and mad air of gaiety, the experimentation in sensation—sex, drugs, alcohol, perversions.8. the increasing offensive deed of Germany toward the United States9. the one hundred-days’ fracas with Spain in 1898 had melt into a one-sided victory at Manila and a cinematic charge up San Juan Hill.10. the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure soon vanished once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare.11. the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure soon faded away once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare.12. they had misfitted town and families and had developed a sudden bewilderingworld-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.13. the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and oddness.14. this self-conscious unconventionality was rapidly becoming a standard feature of the country club class—and its less rich imitators—throughout the nation.15. As a result, their dissatisfaction with their native country, already sharp upon their return from the war, now became even more intolerable.16. The main point of the volume was that the best minds in the country were being ignored, that art was unappreciated, and that big business had corrupted everything.17. Journalism was a mere adjunct to moneymaking, politics were corrupt and filled with incompetents and crooks, and American family life so devoted to making money and compared material property with their relatives and neighbors that it had become joyless, patterned, hypocritical, and sexually inadequate.18. but since the country was blind and deaf to everything except the glint and ring of the dollar.19. For actually the ―lost generation‖ was never lost. It was shocked, displaced for a time, bitter, critical, rebellious, iconoclastic, experimental, often absurd, more often misdirected---20. They cursed their luck but didn’t die; escaped but voluntarily returned; scolded the Babbitts but loved their countryExercise 3Directions : Paraphrase the following sentences and, if necassary, give a brief account of their contextual meaning.1. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility, should flock to the tradition al artistic center (where living was still cheap in 1919) to pour out their newfound creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.2. Soon they found their imitators among the non-intellectuals. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.3. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism and what they considered to be the cultural boobery of our society.4. An important book rather grandiosely entitled C ivilization in the United States, written by ―thirty intellectuals‖ under the editorship of J. Harold Stearns, was the rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with America.5. In no sense a movement in itself, the ― lost generation ‖ attitude nevertheless acted as a common denominator of the writing of the times. The war and the cynical power politics of Versailles had convinced these young men and women that spirituality was dead;Exercise 4Directions: Identify the rhetorical methods used in each of the following sentences. Write down its appellation and its suggestive meaning on your Answer Sheet.1. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;2. ―yes‖ because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem; ―no‖ because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazz mad youth.3. it must be remembered that the rebellion was not confined to the United States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the aftermath of the first serious war in a century.4. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth-century society.5. they had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.6. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility7. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.8. They had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.9. Soon they found their imitators among the non-intellectuals. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventionsand to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.10. An important book rather grandiosely entitled C ivilization in the United States, written by ―thirty intellectuals‖ under the editorship of J. Harold Stearns, was the rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with America.Exercise 5Directions: Answer the following questions according to what you have learned in Lesson Five. Give a brief account about the style and language characters according to the questions.1.What is the true meaning of ―sad young men‖ according to the text?2. why does the author conclude that the generation were not ―lost‖ ?Reference AnswersLesson 5 The Sad Young menExercise OneDirections : Choose the closest explanation out of the given items A.B.C.D. according to the underlined part in each of the following sentences.1. No aspect of life in the Twenties has been more commented upon and sensationally romanticized than the so-called Revolt of the Younger Generation.A. paradeB. organized opposition to authorityC. criticismD. organized demonstration2. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;A. bar; loveB. salon; chatC. outdoor theatre; drinkD. seaside; sex3. questions about the naughty, jazzy parties, the flask-toting ―sheik,‖ and the moral and stylistic vagaries of the ―flapper‖ and the ―drugstore cowboy.‖A. cowboy to buy medicine in the drugstoreB. a young man cast in a cowboy on the stageC. a young man who loafs around drugstores or on street corners.D. cowboy in the countryside drugstore4. ―no‖ because w hat seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazz mad youth.A.deterioration.B. popularityC. degreeD. scale5. the rejection of Victorian gentility was, in any case, inevitable.A. incredibleB. impossibleC. increasedD. not avoidable6. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energiesA. habitualB. routineC. openD. Hidden7. Thus in a changing world youth was faced with the challenge of bringing our mores up to date.A. conventionsB. phenomenonC. cultureD. Social behavior8. The faddishness, the wild spending of money on transitory pleasures and momentary novelties.A. outdatedB. pastC. temporaryD. prospective9. a postwar fatigue with politics, economic restrictions, and international responsibilities.A. warinessB. wearinessC. energyD. attitude10. And like most escapist sprees, this one lasted until the money ran outA. spending money without restraintB. spending money cautiouslyC. consume rationallyD. luxury shopping11. In the words of Joe Williams, in John Dos Passos’ U. S. A., they ―wanted to get into the fun before the whole thing turned belly up.‖A. diedB. came to the endC. had a restD. yielded12. since no self-respecting person wanted to suffer the disgrace of being drafted, the enlistment craze continued unabated.A. waneB. waxC. undiminishedD. progressed evenly13. citizens still talked with the naïve Fourth-of–July bombast they themselves had been guilty of two or three years earlier.A. boastB. discussionC. debateD. comment14. Their energies had been whipped up and their naivete destroyed by the warA. depressedB. confinedC. releasedD. excited15. the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and eccentricity.A. quality distinguished from othersB. behavior that is adrift according to changesC. behavior admitted by a societyC. quality of irregular from the convention16. Something in the tension-ridden youth of America had to ―give‖ and, after a short period of bitter resentment, it ―gave‖ in the form of a complete overthrow of genteel standards of behavior.A. relaxB. tension-dominatedC. crazyD. tension-overburdened17. ―Bohemian‖ living became a fad.A. curlB. crazeC. choiceD. discard18. What they had wanted was an America more sensitive to art and culture, less avid for material gain, and less susceptible to standardization.A. numbB. obsoleteC. ignoredD. sensitive19. Journalism was a mere adjunct to moneymaking.A. something essentialB. something added but not essentialC. elementD. aim20. politics were corrupt and filled with incompetents and crooksA. dishonest menB. roamersC. famine victimsD. losersExercise 2Directions: Write out the original word or phrase according to the underlined part in each of the following sentence. Write your answer on your Answer Sheet.1. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the bravedenunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in love affair in the parked sedan on a country road;amour2. Actually, the revolt of the young people was a natural result of conditions in the age.logical outcome3. we had reached an international stature that would forever prevent us from retreating behind the artificial walls of a limited morality or the geographical protection of our two bordering oceans.provincial4. The war acted merely as an activator in this breakdown of the Victorian social structure,catalytic agent5. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of slaughter it released theirinhibited violent energiesmass murder6. in America at least, to escape its responsibilities and retreat behind an air of naughty alcoholic sophistication and an insincere presence of Bohemian immorality.pose7. the excited and mad air of gaiety, the experimentation in sensation—sex, drugs, alcohol, perversions.hectic8. the increasing offensive deed of Germany toward the United Statesinsolence9. the one hundred-days’ fracas with Spain in 1898 had melt into a one-sided victory at Manila and a cinematic charge up San Juan Hill.dissolved into10. the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure soon vanished once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare.were soon dissipated11. the spirit of carnival and the enthusiasm for high military adventure soon faded away once the eager young men had received a good taste of twentieth-century warfare.were soon dissipated12. they had misfitted town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.had outgrown13. the village had long enjoyed a dubious reputation for Bohemianism and oddness.eccentricity14. this self-conscious unconventionality was rapidly becoming a standard feature of the country club class—and its less rich imitators—throughout the nation.affluent15. As a result, their dissatisfaction with their native country, already sharp upon their return from the war, now became even more intolerable.acute16. The main point of the volume was that the best minds in the country were being ignored, that art was unappreciated, and that big business had corrupted everything.burden17. Journalism was a mere adjunct to moneymaking, politics were corrupt and filled with incompetents and crooks, and American family life so devoted to making money and compared material property with their relatives and neighbors that it had become joyless,patterned, hypocritical, and sexually inadequate.keeping up with the Joneses18. but since the country was blind and deaf to everything except the glint and ring of the dollar.save19. For actually the ―lost generation‖ was never lost. It was shock ed, displaced for a time, bitter, critical, rebellious, iconoclastic, experimental, often absurd, more often misdirected--- uprooted20. They cursed their luck but didn’t die; escaped but voluntarily returned; scolded the Babbitts but loved their countryFlayedExercise 3Directions : Paraphrase the following sentences and, if necassary, give a brief account of their contextual meaning.1. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentility, should flock to the traditional artistic center (where living was still cheap in 1919) to pour out their newfound creative strength, to tear down the old world, to flout the morality of their grandfathers, and to give all to art, love, and sensation.After the war, it was natural to drew many promising young writers tempered by the war into the village to write many creative works against the war, the narrow-minded and self-satisfied middle class, and outdated Puritanical gentleness. Their works were full of creation—they wanted to tear down the old world, to pour scorn on their forefathers’ morality,2. Soon they found their imitators among the non-intellectuals. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.Soon there were more non-intellectuals imitating the new fashion, and it developed quickly throughout the country. The new participants, who resisted the law and convention boldly, added new strength to the new trend and were labeled as ―flaming youth‖. The resource of this great current was nowhere but Greenwich Village.3. Flaming diatribes poured from their pens denouncing the materialism and what they considered to be the cultural boobery of our society.The burning bitter, abusive criticism began to pour out from their pens to denounce the greed for materials and foolish behaviors in their social culture.4. An important book rather grandiosely entitled C ivilization in the United States, written by ―thirty intellectuals‖ under the editorship of J. Harold Stearns, was the rallying point ofsensitive persons disgusted with America.An important and grand book Civilization in the United States written by thirty intellectuals and edited by J. Harold Stearns was a calling for the sensitive persons who felt sick to the social culture of America at that time.5. In no sense a movement in itself, the ― lost generation ‖ attitude nevertheless acted as a common denominator of the writing of the times. The war and the cynical power politics of Versailles had convinced these young men and women that spirituality was dead;Neither was the writers’ living aboard a movement, nor did the ―lost generation‖ behave as a main writing trend of that time. The WWI and the cynical power politics of Versailles robbed these young men and women in spirit that caused them ―lost‖.Exercise 4Directions: Identify the rhetorical methods used in each of the following sentences. Write down its appellation and its suggestive meaning on your Answer Sheet.1. memories of the deliciously illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation of Puritan morality, and of the fashionable experimentations in amour in the parked sedan on a country road;Parallelism: illicit thrill of the first visit to a speakeasy, of the brave denunciation, and of the fashionab le experimentations… three ―of‖ preposition structures parallel to modify the noun phrase ― illicit thrill‖.2. ―yes‖ because the business of growing up is always accompanied by a Younger Generation Problem; ―no‖ because what seemed so wild, irresponsible, and immoral in social behavior at the time can now be seen in perspective as being something considerably less sensational than the degeneration of our jazz mad youth.antithesis ―yes‖ because…, ―no‖ because…, with a same grammatical structure but contradictory contents to each other3. it must be remembered that the rebellion was not confined to the United States, but affected the entire Western world as a result of the aftermath of the first serious war in a century.euphemism first serious war : refers to Word War I4. and by precipitating our young people into a pattern of mass murder it released their inhibited violent energies which, after the shooting was over, were turned in both Europe and America to the destruction of an obsolescent nineteenth-century society.synecdoche ―after the shooting was over‖ refers to the war was over, ―shooting‖ represents the battles in the war.5. they had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.metaphor their viewpoints were much advanced than that of the people and relatives back in their hometown and families.6. After the war, it was only natural that hopeful young writers, their minds and pens inflamed against war, Babbittry, and ―Puritanical‖ gentilitysynecdoche ―pen‖ and ―babbittry‖ here represent respectively writing ability and the selfish and self-content middle-class.7. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.metaphor The new strength to overthrow the outdate convention is compared to flame, in which the matchstick, conflagration, fan, flaming, are all metaphors to describe the new added strength to ―burn‖ down the old convention, which is fury, out of control, destructive to the old system.8. They had outgrown town and families and had developed a sudden bewildering world-weariness which neither they nor their relatives could understand.metaphor They had outgrown town and families their viewpoints were much advanced than that of the people and relatives back in their hometown and families.9. Soon they found their imitators among the non-intellectuals. As it became more and more fashionable throughout the country for young persons to defy the law and the conventions and to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagrati on of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.metaphor to add their own little matchsticks to the conflagration of ―flaming youth‖, it was Greenwich Village that fanned the flames.10. An important book rather grandiosely entitled C ivilization in the United States, written by ―thirty intellectuals‖ under the editorship of J. Harold Stearns, was the rallying point of sensitive persons disgusted with America.metaphor ―rally point‖ here refers to the good idea like the function of medicine that cure the American social disease—babbitry and materialism in social culture.Exercise 5Directions: Answer the following questions according to what you have learned in Lesson Five. Give a brief account about the style and language characters according to the questions.1. What is the true meaning of ―sad young men‖ according to the text?The sad young men were the young American intellectuals at the beginning of 20th century, who left colleges and join in the WWI with enthusiasm but met regret and disappointment when they returned home. They began to rebel with their own manner—to break the convention, to scold corrupt government and stale social culture. They got imitators in great scale. They are not sad, they are vigorous and rebellious, who push America society forward.2. why does the author conclude that the generation were not ―lost‖ ?After the war tempering the ―lost generation‖ found their country outpaced in her progress, they started to wake up the country men with their own methods. By their pen they attack the unreasonable social phenomenon—politic, economy, social culture and personality—at last the collide of sad young men to the stale social convention creates a number of great wirters, who are called ―lost ge neration‖but devote their talent not only to the world literature but shape their country.。