Handouts 4 C&D-colors
Training Process ESEC 2009SSI Level 3 中文版
Presentation Name
company confidential
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Machine working principle 机器工作原理
特点 Single or dual wire mode Fully motorized in X, Y, Z Solder wire diameter range
Welcome to the World of
Soft Solder Process Training 2009SSI
Softsolder Technology
Time Planning
09:00AM – 09:30AM 09:30AM – 10:00AM 10:30AM – 10:45AM 10:45AM – 11:15AM 11:15PM – 12:00PM 13:30PM – 14:30PM 14:45PM – 15:00PM 15:00PM – 17:00PM
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<Name Presentaion>
Presentation Name
company confidential
Page 4
Machine Overview
Page 5
<Name Presentaion>
Presentation Name
company confidential
Page 5
Flow of Material材料流程
Leadframe 框架
Solder wire 焊锡丝
Wafer晶元
Die Bonded Leadframes Loaded in magazine 粘有芯片的框架装载 入料盒中
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<Name Presentaion>
HAKO产品说明书
PRODUCTION VISESVisesIntroduction to Design ...........................................66–67VMC/HMC Solutions ............................................68–69Ball Lock® Mounting System ...............................70–71Production Vises4" (100 mm) Production Vises ................................72–736" (150 mm) Production Vises .................................74–75Self Centering Vises .................................................764" (100 mm) ................................................................76–776" (150 mm) ................................................................78–79Accessories ......................................................................79Production Vise Columns 4" (100 mm) Production Vise4 Sided ...........................................................................803 Sided ...........................................................................816" (150 mm) Production Vise4 Sided ...........................................................................823 Sided ...........................................................................8312 Station Hex .................................................................8412 & 16 Station Multi Quads ..................................85–86Hydraulic Production Vises .....................................874" (100 mm) ...............................................................88–896" (150 mm) ...............................................................89–90Hydraulic Vise Columns ...........................................914" (100 mm) 4 sided ........................................................924" (100 mm) 3 sided ........................................................936" (150 mm) 4 sided ........................................................946" (150 mm) 3 sided ........................................................95Column Subplates ..........................................................96Hydraulic Vise Accessories......................................97–98Vise Accessories ...............................................99–104Jaw Selections ..................................................99–101Ball Lock® Shanks/Plates .....................................102–103Sine Fixture Keys/T-Slot Nuts .....................................104Cast Iron Shop Vises ......................................105–106Bock Quick Change FixturingIntroduction ..................................................................107System Overview .................................................108–109Twin Vises ........................................................................110Jaw System .....................................................................111 Twin Vise Data ................................................................112Locator Plates .................................................................113DexLoc™ Locator Pins ...................................................113 Mono-Quad System (114)5-Axis Production VisesIntroduction ...................................................................115Self Centering .................................................................116Jaws /Accessories ................................................117–118Fixed .................................................................................119Jaws/Accessories .......................................................120Quick Clamping Block .................................................121Super Compact Clamp .................................................122Jaws/Accessories ...............................................123–124Vise with Reversible and Interchangeable Inserts ...125Jaws/Accessories .......................................................125Pallet Clamps .. (126)P R O D U C T I O N V I S E SWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESJergens Production Vise SystemFastest Quick Change Jaw SystemMaximum Holding Power• Jaws machined to the contour of your workpiece maximizing holding force.6" (150mm) MonoQuad4" (100mm) MonoQuad• Quick change reverseable soft jaws • Single station adapter plate included• Multiple base designs to meet any requirementDual Station VisesSelf-Centering VisesWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESJergens Production VisesMachine “Pockets” into the vise jaws, in the shape of your workpiece.Benefit: Reduce set-up times and parts change overMultiple mounting base configurations Fully sealed lead screw assemblyBenefit: Lower maintenance Rigid construction with hardened and ground stainless steel railsBenefit: High accuracy and repeatabilityChip and fluid flow through baseBenefit: Easier to keep clean, no more cloggingWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESVertical Machine SolutionsHydraulic Vise Pages 88–90Innovative compact design. Reduced set-up time.Internal Slide Assembly with Hydraulic Clamping Cylinder.Universal Base Production Vises Pages 73 & 75The mounting flange has slotted holes to allow Ball Lock ® Base Production Vises Pages 72 & 74The mounting flange is cut into a jigsaw pattern to allowvises to nest closely together. Designed for use with Jergens Ball Lock ®Mounting System.5-Axis production vises and accessories rigidly clamp parts without obstructing access to multiple part faces.Self Centering Vises (3 Base Styles)Pages 76–79Self-Centering vises provide quick, simple fixturing for concentric machining of different sized workpieces.Narrow Base Production Vises Pages 73 & 75The small footprint allows maximum density of vises on your Bock Brand Quick Change System Pages 107–114Bock Brand vises combine with alpha-numeric locator plates Indexer Systems Page 81Indexer solutions can be customized to yourrequirements. Choose either three or four sided columns.WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISES Horizontal Machine Solutions6-Sided Production Vise ColumnsPage 84Increase the number of parts per load, while maintaining a small footprint. Available with bases to fit directly onto 4-Sided Production Vise Multi-Columns Pages 85 & 86Multiple columns mounted on a single base provide 12 or 163-Sided Production Vise ColumnsPages 81 & 83For machining 3 faces of production parts on HMC's. Largespindle noses can access the workpiece.240° workpiece accessibility.Multi-Vise FixturesPages 73, 75, 77, 79 & 89T o maximize productivity, mount multiple narrow body visesonto a single fixture plate. Mount the fixture plate onto thetombstones with the Jergens Ball LockWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP PRODUCTION VISESSystem accurately positionsThe Ball Lock System securely holds fixtureplates to subplates with up to 20,000 lbs (88kN)of hold-down force per shank.Ball Lock® Fixture Mounting System forThe Ball Lock® Mounting System provides a method of quickly and accurately locating fixtures onto machine tables. The Ball Lock Commonly Asked QuestionsQ. What is the Ball Lock®Mounting System?It is a means of locating and lockingtwo flat surfaces together, normally afixture plate to a sub-plate.Q. How does it lock?A. Inside the shank are three balls thatexpand into a tapered groove in thereceiver bushing. This action drawsthe plates together. The locking ballsare activated by turning a setscrew inthe head of the shank, which pushesWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESUnmatched Setup Speedand Workholding FlexibilityQ. Is there a preferable location for System repeatability is improvedif the liners are located at opposite corners of a rectangular fixture plate. For consistency, we recommend locating the liner bushings at top left Q. What are the advantages of using with ¾" (18mm) of thread engagementrequires 10 turns to lock. On CNCmachines, the repeatability of fixturelocations makes indicating of thefixture unnecessary.Q. How do I recess the fixtureplatefor a clear surface ?A. Counterbore the fixture plate to adiameter large enough to allow easyQ. What if my plate is thinner thanthe recommended thickness?A. By adjusting the depth of thecounterbore for the receiver bushingin the subplate, you can still use theBall Lockquestions on this type of application,please call 1-877-426-2504.Q. Can I use the shanks in a heated0.38[10]0.96[24]3.438[87.5]1.683.00[73]1.22[30][190]7.50WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESProduction Vises – 4" (100mm)Ball Lock ShankShankPart No.Wt.Part No.SizeMetric17/32" (4) Plcs [13.5]Slotted Mounting Holes:3.13[80]2.50[63.5]6.00[150]Mounting Holes (2) Plcs:17/32"[13.5]WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESProduction Vises – 4" (100mm)traditional strap clamps. The narrow base has 2 locating holes for 12mm -slots shown on page 104. Recessed machine tables, tombstones, or columns. Maximize flexibility by utilizing0.50[12]4.50[114]4.00[100]10.00[248] 1.45[38]0.96[24]WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESProduction Vises – 6" (150mm)MetricBall Lock ShankShank Part No.Wt.Part No.Size1.125[28]2.952[75]4.921[125]7.874[200]6.000[150]Mounting Holes:M10 x 1.5 T ap (6) Plcs2.50[63.5]3.875[100]7.874[200]Locating Holes:.6255 (4) PlcsFor Sine Fixture KeysWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPProduction Vises – 6" (150mm)is easily mounted directly to machine tool tables. Slotted mounting holes will match almost any table slot pattern. can be mounted as a stand-alone vise or mounted to a fixture plate. The slim design allows a high density of vises on machine tables, tombstones, or columns. Maximize flexibility by utilizing the Jergens1.22"(31.0)ED MTG. HOLES3.370"(85.60)±0.001"(0.03)WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPSelf-Centering Precision Production Vises• Shown in Universal Base, also available in Narrow Bases and Ball Lock Part Number Wt. (lbs)49471SC38WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPSelf-Centering Vises – 4" (100mm)12"6"WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Self-Centering Vises – 6" (150mm)12"6"50m m 12" (300mm )WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPSelf-Centering Vises – 6" (150mm)Part No.49442SC*Jergens Standard Jaws fully compatible, see complete selection on page o order Jergens Production Vise Jaws with Adjustable Gib Screw, use standard jaw part no. followed by "SC".WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Production Vise Columns – 4" (100mm)QWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPcan be mounted onto most any indexer. Columns can be attached directly to an indexer or become Jergens Technical Service for help designing Production Vise Columns – 4" (100mm)Mounting Wt. Ball Lock Shank Pattern 2* (lbs) Part No. Sizen/a 125 49602 20mm x 1"100mm 115 — —Mounting Wt. Ball Lock Shank Tri-column design allows upWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Production Vise Columns – 6" (150mm)QWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPProduction Vise Columns – 6" (150mm)Mounting Wt. Ball Lock Shank Pattern 2* (lbs) Part No. Size252 49602 20mm x 1"266 49612 25mm x 1"100mm 240——Tri-column design allows upJBall Lock Mtg. PatternBall Lock Mtg. PatternWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPProduction Vise ColumnsQK Ball Lock Mtg. PatternQKBall Lock Mtg. PatternWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESProduction Vise ColumnsMtg. PatternK QQKBall Lock Mtg. PatternWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESProduction Vise ColumnsWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESHydraulic Production Vises• Innovative compact design • Internal hydraulics• 4,700 lbs (2,100 Kg) clamping force • Operates on lower input pressure • Fully machinable jaws• Fastest quick-change jaw system • Hardened stainless steel wear rails •Easy-Flow ™base designJergens hydraulic vises are available in 3 different base configurations. They offer the same unique features as Jergens manual vises.Technical Specifications:Hydraulic Clamping Stroke: 1/4" (6.3mm)Operating Volume: 0.4 Cu In (6.7 cm 3)Maximum Input Pressure: 4000 P .S.I. (275 bar)Minimum Input Pressure: 500 P .S.I. (35 bar)Input Port: #4 SAE (7/16-20 UNF-2B)Clamping Force (lbs) = Input Pressure x 1.19Clamping Force (Kg) = Input Pressure Bars x 7.67Operation:Using the Jergens Hydraulic Vise handle part number 49445, tighten vise jaws so the workpieces touch the fixed jaw. Next, turn the handle back 1/2 turn and activate the hydraulic cylinder. Hydraulic Power Sources AvailableClamping ForceInput PressureClamping ForcePSIBarslbskgf500 35 595 268 1,000 70 1,190 5376.0012.002.50[63.5]3.125[80] 6.00[150]17/32" (4) Plcs [13.5]Slotted Mounting Holes:Mounting Holes :17/32" (2) Plcs [13.5]WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESHydraulic Production Vises – 4" (100mm)Mounting Holes:ap (6) PlcsMOUNTING HOLES (6) Plcs:3.938[100]LOCATING HOLES:.6255 (6) PlcsWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPPRODUCTION VISESHydraulic Production Vises – 4" (100mm)Part Wt. N umber lbs/Kg49487 30/14Part Wt. N umber lbs/KgPart Wt.PRODUCTION VISESWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Hydraulic Production Vises – 6" (150mm)12.006.00PRODUCTION VISES WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPHydraulic Vise Column(150mm) sizes,Fully Machinable and ReversibleMore workholding flexibility per jaw set.Hydraulic Vise Column Kits Include:Shown with base forSee page 98 for Air PoweredHydraulic PumpPRODUCTION VISESWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Hydraulic Vise Tooling Columns – 4" (100mm)PRODUCTION VISES WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPHydraulic Vise Tooling ColumnsPRODUCTION VISESWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP Hydraulic Vise Tooling Columns – 6" (150mm)Hydraulic Vise Tooling ColumnsHydraulic Vise Tooling Columns Standard Subplates35°TANK PRESSURE PORT1/4 NPT PORTS3.411.0260.091.0662.750.650.9380.375 AREA FOR TANK LINE LOCATION0.60 AREA FOR PRESSURE LINE LOCATION2.752 3/8"M5 X 0.8 TAP THRU (4) PLACES7/32 DRILL THRU (4) PLACESPTPORTPatent No. 3839866Hydraulic Production Vise AccessoriesPart Number61725HandlePart Number49445Handle for Hydraulic Vises, 4" Rotary Hydraulic UnionDual Passage, Ports 1/4 NPTPressure (psi) Bars Torque (in. lbs) Part Number61755 Performance Curve*(0.655)1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 (69) (138) (207) (276) (345)OUTPUT PRESSURE, PSI (BAR)Part Number61759Hydraulic Production Vise AccessoriesKit Includes61755 36:1 Pump61643 Remote four-way zero-leakageLow Pressure Air HoseHose I.D.1/4" 3/8" 1/2"HosePart Number 61106 61108 61110FittingPart Number 61107 61109 61111Hydraulic HoseHigh pressure hose is supplied assembled and to lengths indicated. Lengths are measured from end of coupling to end of coupling. Hose is 3/8" ID and available in 4000 psi or 7000 psi rating. 3/8" female tubing fittings on each end.N ipple1/8 NPT Male 619501/4 NPT Male 61905 619511/4 NPT Female61954 Air couplers have checks on sleeves only.Adapter for BSP1/4 Male NPT 1/4 NPT x 1/4 T 1/4 Female BSP 60221Adapters & ElbowsJergens Production Vise SystemThe clamping system Completely sealed lead screw Hard coated base made of high-strength, light-weight, aluminum extrusion. Guideway Rails made of hardened stainless steel.Aluminum jaws can be completely milled, therefore Aluminum or steel jaws suitable for milling:Extra Wide Jaws Full Face Vise PlateDual Station with Hard JawSingle Workpiece with Hard JawsProduction Vise JawsQuick Change Fixture PlateProduction Vise Accessoriesinclude two moveable jaws and one fixed jaw.Vise Conversion PlatesVise HandlesHard Jaw Carriers With Steel Inserts*Part No.Vise Size49442 4"/100mm Machinable Soft Jaws(Standard Sets included with Vises)Vise Work StopClearance holes for holddown (2) PlcsClearance holefor holddownStandard ShankJigsaw Fixture PlateMultiple Vise Fixture PlateProduction Vise Ball Lock ®Accessories – InchShank49601 49601-S 49602 49602-S 49611 49611-S49612 49612-SProduction Vise Ball Lock® Accessories – MetricJigsaw Fixture PlateClearance holefor holddownStandardShank Multiple Vise Fixture PlateClearance holes forholddown (2) PlcsProduction Vise Accessories Locate subplates or fixture plates to Tmachine tables. Available in inch sizes for 1/2"to 7/8" slots, and in metric sizes for 12mm to22mm slots.T-Slot NutsWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPCast Iron Shop VisesCharacteristicsMade of close grained high tensile cast iron. Jaws ground and Hardened 55±3 HRC. Swivel base provided with positive locking and adjustable through 360°. Adjusts work piece to its center. Opposite threads for quick and accurate centering.CharacteristicsMade of close grained hightensile cast iron. Jaws ground and Hardened 55±3 HRC. Adjusts workpiece to its center. Opposite threads for quick and accurate centering. This is a low profile vise.T echnical DataPart Jaw Width Jaw Opening N umber Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm 110080 2 50 2 50 110081 4 100 4 100 T echnical DataPartJaw Width Jaw OpeningNumber Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm 110085 3 75 5 127 110086 4 100 4 100WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPCharacteristicsManufactured from close grained high tensile cast iron. Swivel is full 360°. This is very useful for heavy duty milling jobs. Vise is low height for maximum clearances. Jaws are fully ground and precision with parallelism of 0.0012 (30 microns) the hardness of jaws is 55±33 HRC.T echnical DataPart Jaw Width Jaw Opening Jaw Depth N umber Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm T echnical DataPartJaw Width Jaw Opening Jaw DepthNumber Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm Inch mm 110250 6 150 7 1/2 188 1 1/2 CharacteristicsManufactured from graded cast iron and precisionground. These vises have a needle bearing thrust collar. Vise jaws are in pairs and replaceable.Cast Iron Shop VisesMilling Machine Vises with Swivel Base (Heavy Duty)Machine VisesWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMFASTPRODUCTIVE by reducing spindle down-time to aminimum. The combination of short setup times, theability to move setups away from the machine andfast loading keeps your spindle cutting, not waiting.WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPJERGENS -BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMwin Vise is the key component of the complete BockWorkholding system. A variety of body styles made from high-strength aluminum, ground steel guides, snap-on quick-change machinable aluminum jaws and a solid clamping screw and third hand mechanism System OverviewBock Locator Plate SystemBock Locator Plates are a great platform to quickly and accurately mount your T win Vises in a number of different positions. Locator/mounting holes with alpha-numeric identifiers and Bock’s DexLoc™ double-expanding locators give you +/- .0005" repeatability.DexLoc ™Locator PinsPatented DexLoc™ double-expanding locator pins allow for fast and accurate location of twin vises on locator plates.WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMHard-coated high-strength aluminum base for lighter WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUPJERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMStraight basefor use on Bock Locator Plates or with toe clamps Slim-LineStandard interlockingGenerous cut-outs to prevent chip and coolant accumulationBock Twin Vise SystemThree different basestyles for your specificmounting needsWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEM Bock Jaw SystemBock Machinable Jaws are made from high-strength aircraft grade anodized aluminum.Once machined to hold a specific part they become quick-change dedicated fixtures ideal for holding even complex shapes.STANDARD JAWS snap on and off in QUICK CHANGEFACE PLATEScan be convertedTALL JAWSto hold larger parts.123WORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMBock Twin VisesScrew-on guideways made from hardened steelThird-hand function for fast sequential loading of partsExact positioning of center jaw using locator pins; removing center jaws allows the holding of one single large partAluminum jaws can be milled out to meet each part’s holding and locating requirements.Generous cut-outs to prevent chip and coolant accumulationStandard InterlockingStraight BaseSlim-LineWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEM Bock Brand Locator Plate SystemBock Brand Locator PlatesDexLoc™ Locator PinsTo order DexLocWORKHOLDING SOLUTIONS GROUP JERGENS-BOCK QUICK CHANGE S YS TEMBock Mono-Quad System。
中考英语复习 2021中考复习专项(十三)—复合句
中考复习专项（十三）——复合句1.(2020·重庆A 卷中考)—Wow! The school uniforms can tell parents ?—Cool! So the children won’t get lost easily.A．where are their children B．where their children areC．what do their children study D．what their children study2.(2020·黔东南中考)Li Wenliang is a brave doctor is known to millions of Chinese people.A．who B．which C．what D．when3.(2020·成都中考)The book cover has a beautiful picture is Lily’s.A．which B．whose C．that4.(2020·江苏淮安中考)Our school basketball team will win the next match they practise more.A．if B．before C．though D．while5.(2020·江苏无锡中考)I think the coffee beans are from Brazil，I’m not completely sure.A．because B．since C．though D．whether思考并总结：中考真题中关于复合句的考点主要有哪些？你觉得自己哪一部分最需要加强？请在下述思维导图中用红笔重点标出自己的易错点并分享出来。
➢6.Do you know ？—Sorry, I’ve never had an e－book before. Why not read the instructions first?A．how can I turn the e－book on B．how I can turn the e－book onC．where buy an e－book D．where I can buy an e－book7.(2020·湖北恩施中考)He looks worried. I wonder he has already known about the result.A．where B．whether C．why8.(2020·黔西南中考)Lisa is studying at school. She hasn’t decided back to her country because of the COVID－19.A．if she flies B．whether she will flyC．when will she fly D．how will she fly9.(2020·武汉中考)I wondered .A．which way was the wind blowing B．which one is the most convenientC．which of the houses did you live in D．which school it was you went to➢考点2：状语从句10.(2020·重庆A 卷中考)Nobody can hear you you speak in a louder voice.A．unless B．if C．when D．after11.(2020·江苏徐州中考)We’re not very close friends we've known each other for a long time.A．until B．although C．as D．If12.(2020·湖北恩施中考)We were not good friends we saw each other, but gradually, we got along better and better.A．until B．when C．if13.(2020·海南中考)President Xi encourages all Chinese people to plant trees our country can be greener and more beautiful.A．so that B．as long as C．even though14.(2020·泰州中考)I will volunteer for a two—day home stay for an exchange student from the UK. I consider it a good chance to show Chinese food our kindness.A．as well as B．so well as C．as good as D．so good as15.(2020·湖南岳阳中考)The movie Nezha is educational I want to see it again.A．so；that B．such；that C．too；to16.(2020·辽宁丹东中考)I don’t like Sun Cinema it has bad service.A．because B．although C．unless D．until➢考点3：定语从句17.(2020·福建中考)Du Fu is a great Chinese poet has become popular with many people around the world.A．which B．whom C．who18.(2020·湖南怀化中考)—Do you like the song Shao Nian?—Yes. I like the songs I can sing along with.A．that B．who C．what19.(2020·四川自贡中考)—Have you heard of the basketball team won the NBA championship last year?—Of course, it’s my favorite basketball team—Warriors.A．whose B．which C．who20.(2020·哈尔滨中考)—What are they talking about?—They are talking about the greatest inventions have made a big difference to our daily life.A．which B．who C．that21.—There are so many girls over there. Which one is your sister?—The one hat is yellow.A. WhoB. whoseC. thatD. whom22.I shall never forget the days we worked on the farm.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. where23.Potato can be grown in places it’s too cold to grow rice.A. thatB. whichC. whereD. when24.Nobody knows the reason he is often late for school.A. whyB. whichC. whenD. where➢易混易错25.(2020·内蒙古包头中考)She says that she’ll have to close the restaurant business improves.A．if B．after C．unless D．when26.(2020·江苏镇江中考)My parents gave red packets to my cousin every Spring Festivalshe got a job, because she said she was able to make money.A．after B．when C．until D．since27.(2020·甘肃天水中考)They didn’t go home they finished their work.A．because B．where C．until D．while28.(2020·南京中考)We still know little about the Moon men have landed on it.A．if B．since C．although D．because29.(2020·扬州中考)Lucy held her head up like a queen Bill was telling his tale.A．after B．before C．while D．until30.(2020·四川泸州中考)—Did you catch the first bus to school this morning?—No I didn’t. It had started moving I could get on it.A．after B．since C．before D．as soon as31.(2020·甘肃天水中考)We have time that we can finish the work very well.A．such much B．so many C．so much D．such many32.(2020·辽宁营口中考)The clever boy called 120 his mother fell down in the kitchen.A．although B．as soon as C．as long as D．until33.(2020·湖北孝感中考)We will make fewer mistakes we are careful enough.A．as long as B．so that C．as far as D．even if34.(2020·泰州中考)—I heard NBA star Kobe Bryant’s private helicopter(直升机) crashed. I wonder .—All the nine people died including his 13－year－old daughter, Gianna.A．where the accident happened B．that his daughter died tooC．what was the weather like that day D．if there were any survivors in the accident35.(2020·贵州铜仁中考)—Could you tell us ？—About 400 kilometers.A．How far it is from Tongren to Guiyang B．How far is it from Tongren to Guiyang C．How long it takes to get to Guiyang D．How long does it take to get to Guiyang 36.(2020·新疆建设兵团中考)—What did the shopkeeper say to you?—She asked me .A．when does the shop close B．where did I see the styleC．if I preferred that orange dress D．what else I will buy37.(2020·湖北鄂州中考)—What did our English teacher say to you just now?—He asked me .A．why I am sad B．if had I done my homeworkC．when did I do my homework D．how I planned to go on vacation38.(2020·辽宁丹东中考)—I wonder .—Of course it is.A.that moon cakes are deliciousB.whether June is a good time to visit DandongC.when the band starts playing this eveningD.if the bookstore opens todayst Friday Li Wei went to the village his family used to live.A. whereB. whichC. whenD. that40.We’re not sure there will be or not tomorrow.A. if; rainsB. if; rainyC. whether; rainD. whether; raining41.—Gan you tell me or not we can get there on time next Monday?—Sorry, I have no idea either.A. whenB. whatC. whetherD. why42.You can’t imagine when they received these Christmas presents.A. how they were excitedB. how excited they wereC. how excited were theyD. they were how excited43.The teacher told us that the sun in the east.A.had risenB. has risenC. roseD. rises44.—Are you sure Kate lives here?—Quite sure. But I can’t tell .A. which room does he live inB. in which room does he liveC. which room he lives inD. he lives in which room45.—Excuse me. Could you wake me up when my friend here?—Of course. But we still don’t know when your friend here.A. comes; will comeB. comes ; comesC. will come; comesD. will come; will come46.—Did you ask the guard happened?—Yes. He told me all he knew.A. what;thatB. what;whatC. which;whichD. that ;that47.I can never forget the day we worked together and the day we spent together.A. when; whichB. which; whenC. what;thatD. on which; when48.She described in her compositions the people and places impressed her most.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what49.The factory we’ll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in whichOnce I was a member of a group preparing for a week of meetings. I walked into the room where some volunteers were busy collating( 装订) handouts. I asked if I could help. One of the ladies 1 said, “Oh, no, thank you” and offered me a chair to sit.Then, another volunteer came into the room, saw me 2 there doing nothing and said, “Hey, Larry, come here. There’s work to do, and you can help.” He put a couple of chairs together, placed two stacks( 叠)of 3 on them and said, “OK, the left sheet goes on top of the right one.”“Fine. I can handle that,” I said. And just like that, I was now part of the team.This member of the group saw that my disability(残疾) did not mean an inability(无能) to help. Later, I 4 him for having included me. He said, “Well, I thought with one more pair of hands we’d finish more quickly. I was just using 5 sense.”I’m sure that the lady who 6 my offer of help did not mean to offend ( 冒犯) me. Too often, people with disabilities are just not 7 - within their community or within a social setting-because of their disability and not because of their inability.It’s 8 for all of us to feel that we are accepted, appreciated and valued as a full and equal member of the group. And it is 9 more important for people with disabilities. It sends a 10 that states: “To us, your abilities are more important than your disability.”1．A. politely B. angrily C. quietly D. suddenly2．A. walking B. sitting C. standing D. sleeping3．A. books B. chairs C. handouts D. messages4．A. asked B. searched C. paid D. thanked5．A. common B. special C. natural D. strong6．A. turned away B. turned up C. turned down D. turned back7．A. noticed B. challenged C. included D. educated8．A. interesting B. important C. curious D. nervous9．A. rather B. even C. quite D. enough10．A. message B. letter C. note D. cardWhat do pets think?Have you wondered what your pets are feeling? When your dog wags ( 摇摆) its tail, does that mean it is happy? A new app called Happy Pets can tell you what's going on.The app uses artificial intelligence(AI) to analyze( 分析) the facial expressions of cats and dogs. Then it can tell you what breed (品种) your pet is and how it is feeling. It can show the five most common feelings - happy, angry, neutral (中性的),sad and scared.Researchers at the University of Melbourne in Australia developed the app. The key technology used in the app is facial recognition, a common use of AI. We can unlock our mobile phones or enter train stations with facial recognition readers. But this is the first time that the tech has been used with animals.The app’s AI was first taught to recognize a picture of an animal. Then, it was taught to recognize the facial features(特征) of cats and dogs. Next came the most important step - teaching it to detect (察觉) emotions based on certain facial features. For instance, if a dog tightens up its eyes and mouth while changing the position of its ears, this means the dog is scared. To master this skill, the AI program “saw” and “read” thousands of example images.How accurate (准确的) are the results? The researchers think they are trustworthy(可靠的) since the app has been tested many times. Interestingly, they have found that cats are harder to read than dogs. In the future, the app might also be able to analyze a pet’s body to make its readings more accurate.1.What is the app Happy Pets used for?A.Playing games with pets.B.Telling us how pets feel.C.Training pets to remember faces.D.Dividing pets into different groups.2.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about?A.How people use the app.B.How the app’s AI was trained.C.What certain facial features mean.D.What emotions the app can recognize.3.What do we now about the app Happy Pets?A.It is part of a student project.B.It works better on cats.C.It uses facial recognition technology.D.It often provides untrustworthy results.4.The story is written to .A.show how to recognize animals’ feelingsB.show how to care for animalsC.describe a study on animalsD.describe a new app中考复习专项（十三）—复合句答案1-5 BABAC 6-10 BBBDA11-15 BBAAA 16-20 ACABC 21-25 BCCAC 26-30 CCCCC31-35 CBADA 36-40 CDBAC 41-45 CBDCA 46-49 AABC 综合提升：ABCDA CCBBA阅读链接：BBCD。
Norgren Mini ISO Star Valves 2x3 2, 5 2 和 5 3 数据手册
Valves/usaVAL-138V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid andPilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmTechnical DataMediumCompressed air, 40µm filtered, lubricated or non-lubricated OperationV44: Glandless spool valve, solenoid pilot or air pilot actuatedV45: Softseal spool valve, solenoid pilot or air pilot actuated Mounting On sub-bases SizeISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563, 26 mmOperating PressureMaximum pressure145 psig (10 bar) V45 models and V44 solenoid pilot actuated valves with internal pilot supply232 psig (16 bar) V44 solenoid pilot actuated valves with external pilot supply and V44 air pilot actuated valvesFlow Characteristics Series Function Cv l/min V445/20.92900V445/30.92900V455/2 1.221200V455/3 1.171150V452x3/2 1.171150Ambient Temperature5°F* to +122°F (-15°C* to +50°C) V44/V45 sol. and V45 air pilot models5°F* to +176°F (-15°C* to +80°C) V44 air pilot models*Consult our Application Engineering for use below 36° F (+2°C)MaterialsDie cast aluminum body and sub-base. Hardanodized spool, Teflon coated, matched aluminum spool and sleeve(V44) or aluminum alloy spool with HNBR Seals (V45). POM plastic parts and NBR static seals. End cover and screws zinc plated, stainless steel springs.Compact design and high performance Flexible Sub-base systemTrue multipressure system (including vacuum)Sandwich regulators and flow controls Dual spool technologyV44 Glandless spool and sleeve V45 Softseal spoolCollected pilot exhaust with internal pilot air supplyEasily converted from internal to external pilot supplySandwich plate allows for exchange of valves under pressureShutoff plate allows for exchange of valves under pressureElectrical Details for Solenoid PilotVoltage Tolerances -10% / +15%Rating 100% Continuos Duty Inlet orifice0.8 mmElectrical Connection DIN 43 650 table 'C'Manual Override Push-turn locking and non-locking Protection Class IP 65 NEMA 4MaterialsPPS (body), Viton and NBR (seals)VAL-139V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmModelSpool Valve Pilot Pilot Operator Return Flow Operating Pilot Pres.Weight Repair Kit Techn.Function Supply Exhaust 1412Cv Pres. (psig)(psig)lb.V44A611D-C3**†Gl APB Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 0.929 - 145-0.62V70540-KAO V45A611D-C3**†Ss APB Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 1.1536.3 - 145-0.59V70543-KAO V44A622D-C3**†Gl APB External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 0.926" Hg - 23229 - 1450.62V70540-KAO V45A622D-C3**†Ss APB External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 1.1526" Hg - 14536.3 - 1450.59V70543-KAO V44A711D-C3**†Gl COE Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 0.929 - 145-0.62V70540-KAO V45A711D-C3**†Ss COE Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 1.1536.3 - 145-0.59V70544-KAO V44A722D-C3**†Gl COE External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 0.926" Hg - 23229 - 1450.62V70540-KAO V45A722D-C3**†Ss COE External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 1.1526" Hg - 14536.3 - 1450.59V70544-KAO V44A811D-C3**†Gl COP Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 0.929 - 145-0.62V70540-KAO V45A811D-C3**†Ss COP Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 1.1536.3 - 145-0.59V70545-KAO V44A822D-C3**†Gl COP External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 0.926" Hg - 23229 - 1450.62V70540-KAO V45A822D-C3**†SsCOPExternalNot collectedSolenoidSolenoid1.1526" Hg - 14536.3 - 1450.59V70545-KAOModelSpool Pilot Pilot Operator Return Flow Operating PilotWeight Repair Kit Techn.Supply Exhaust 1412Cv Pres. (psig)Pres. (psig)lb.V44A513D-C3**†Gl Internal Collected x Solenoid Air Spring 0.914.5 - 145-0.53V70540-KAO V44A523D-C3**†Gl External Not collected Solenoid Air Spring 0.926" Hg - 23214.5 - 1450.53V70540-KAO V44A517D-C3**†Gl Internal Collected x Solenoid Spring 0.923.2 - 145-0.44V70540-KAO V45A517D-C3**†Ss Internal Collected x Solenoid Spring 1.229 - 145-0.46V70541-KAO V44A527D-C3**†Gl External Not collected Solenoid Spring 0.926" Hg - 23223.2 - 1450.44V70540-KAO V45A527D-C3**†Ss External Not collected Solenoid Spring 1.226" Hg - 14529 - 1450.46V70541-KAO V44A511D-C3**†Gl Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 0.929 - 145-0.60V70540-KAO V45A511D-C3**†Ss Internal Collected x Solenoid Solenoid 1.229 - 145-0.60V70542-KAO V44A522D-C3**†Gl External Not collected Solenoid Solenoid 0.926" Hg - 23229 - 1450.60V70540-KAO V45A522D-C3**†SsExternalNot collectedSolenoidSolenoid1.226" Hg - 14529 - 1450.60V70542-KAO5/2 Solenoid Pilot Actuated Valves5/3 Solenoid Pilot Actuated Valves2x3/2 Solenoid Pilot Actuated Valves (Softseal Spool only)ModelFunction Pilot Pilot Actuation FlowOperating Pilot Weight Repair Kit 2x3/2Supply Exhaust 3/2 Function Cv Pres. psig Pres. (psig)lb.V45AA11D-C3**†NC Internal Collected x Sol/Spring 1.143.5 - 145-0.53V70546-KAOV45AA22D-C3**†NC External Not Collected Sol/Spring 1.10 - 14521.7+(0.5xop.press.)0.53V70546-KAO V45AB11D-C3**†NO Internal Collected x Sol/Spring 1.043.5 - 145-0.53V70547-KAOV45AB22D-C3**†NO External Not Collected Sol/Spring 1.00 - 14521.7+(0.5xop.press.)0.53V70547-KAO V45AC11D-C3**†NO/NC Internal Collected x Sol/Spring 1.0/43.5 - 145-0.53V70548-KAOV45AC22D-C3**†NO/NC External Not collected Sol/Spring1.0/0 - 14521.7+(0.5xop.press.)0.53V70548-KATable 1**Voltage Codes and Spare Pilot ValvesVoltage Code Power Inrush / Hold Pilot Valve Part.-no.12 V d.c.12 1.2 W VZC7L2C1-C312A 24 V d.c.13 1.2 WVZC7L2C1-C313A 24 V 50/60 Hz.14 2.1 / 1.5 VA VZC7L2C1-C314A 48 V 50/60 Hz 16 2.1 / 1.5 VA VZC7L2C1-C316A 110 V d.c.17 1 WVZC7L2C1-C317A 115 V 50/60 Hz 18 2.1 / 1.5 VA VZC7L2C1-C318A 230 V 50/60 Hz 19 2.1 / 1.5 VA VZC7L2C1-C319A 115 V 50/60 Hz 18 2.1 / 1.5 VA VZC7L2C1-C213A 230 V 50/60 Hz192.1 / 1.5 VAVZC7L2C1-C218AOther voltages available on request.Spare pilot valves are delivered with mounting screws.Table 2†Connector Codes and Part NumberCode Part NumberA =Solenoid without connectorB =Cable gripV10027-D00C =10 ft. molded cable, 0-240 VAC/VDC V10013-D03H =Cable grip w/indicator light, 24 VAC/VDC V10012-D13J =Cable grip w/indicator light, 120 VAC/VDCV10012-D185=10 ft. molded cable with indicator light, surge suppression, 24 VAC/VDC V10014-D036=10 ft. molded cable with indicator light, 110V/50 Hz-120V.60HzV10015-D03** Insert voltage code from Table 1 “Voltage Codes and Spare Pilot Valves”.† Add connector code from Table 2, “Connector Codes and Part Number”.Modular Sub-base Modular Sub-base*Modular Sub-base Modular Sub-base*Side Ported without Pilot PortsSide Ported with Pilot Ports Side Ported (PIF) without Pilot Ports Side Ported (PIF) with Pilot PortsV70525-PAF(1/8 NPTF)V70526-PAF(1/8 NPTF)V70525-2AF(3/8 PIF)V70526-2AF(3/8 PIF)V70525-RAF(1/4 NPTF)V70526-RAF(1/4 NPTF)V70525-8AF(ø8 mm)V70526-8AF(ø8 mm) V70525-BAF(G1/4)V70526-BAF(G1/4)V70525-YAF(ø10 mm)V70526-YAF(ø10 mm)VAL-140ValvesV44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmBasesAccessoriesIntermediate Supply/Exhaust Module Single Valve Shut-Off Plate Single Pressure Regulator Plate Double Pressure Regulator Plate Flow Control PlateV70529-RAO(1/4 NPTF)V70530-KAO(Port 1 blocked)V70527-KA1(Port 1 reg.)V70527-KA4(Ports 2+4 reg.)V70528-KAO (Ports 3+5)V70529-BAO(G1/4)V70527-KA2(Port 2 reg.)V70527-KA3(Port 4 reg.)DIN EN 50 022 rail (3.28 feet)DIN-rail Mounting Kit Blanking Plate for unused station Blanking Disk to Modular Sub-base Manual Override Set-Up KitV10009-C00(35x7.5mm)V70531-KA0V70500-KAO V70522-K00(Ports 1,3,5)V70532-K00V10592-C01(35x15mm)V70523-K00(Ports 12+14)End Plate Kit Single Station Sub-base Fixed Length Sub-baseEnd Ported Side ported with Pilot Ports Bottom portedV70524-SAC(3/8 NPTF)V70501-RAB(1/4 NPTF)V705**-RA0V70524-CAC (G3/8)V70501-BAB (G1/4)**=02, 04, 06, 08, 10, 12 stationsSandwich Plate with additionalPressure Port 1Transition Plate #18 Æ#26 mm Transition Plate #18 Æ #26 mm (with supply and exhaust ports)V70535-RA01/4 NPTF V70436-K00V70436-R001/4 NPTFV70535-BA0G1/4V70436-B00G1/4*Use with air pilot valves.Model Spool Valve Function Operator Return Flow Operating Pres.Pilot Pres.Weight Spares Kit1412Cv(psig)(psig)(lb.)V44A633A-X0020Gl APB Air Air0.926" Hg - 23229 - 2320.48V70540-KAOV45A633A-X0020Ss APB Air Air 1.1526" Hg - 14536 - 1450.46V70543-KAOV44A733A-X0020Gl COE Air Air0.926" Hg - 23229 - 2320.48V70540-KAOV45A733A-X0020Ss COE Air Air 1.1526" Hg - 14536 - 1450.46V70544-KAOV44A833A-X0020Gl COP Air Air0.926" Hg - 23229 - 2320.48V70540-KAOV45A833A-X0020Ss COP Air Air 1.1526" Hg - 14536 - 1450.46V70545-KAO Model Spool Operator Return Flow Operating Pres.Pilot Pres.Weight Repair Kit Techn.1412Cv(psig)(psig)(lb.)V44A537A-X0090Gl Air Spring0.926" Hg - 23223 - 2320.40V70540-KAOV45A537A-X0090Ss Air Spring 1.226" Hg - 14529 - 1450.40V70541-KAOV44A533A-X0020Gl Air Air0.926" Hg - 23229 - 2320.44V70540-KAOV45A533A-X0020Ss Air Air 1.226" Hg - 14529 - 1450.44V70542-KAO Model Function Actuation Flow Operating Pres.Pilot Pres.Weight Spares Kit 2x3/23/2 Function Cv(psig)(psig)(lb.)V45AA33A-X0020NC Air/Spring 1.10 - 145 1.5 + (0.5xop. pressure)0.20V70546-KAO V45AB33A-X0020NO Air/Spring 1.00 - 145 1.5 + (0.5xop. pressure)0.20V70547-KAO V45AC33A-X0020NO/NC Air/Spring 1.0/1.10 - 145 1.5 + (0.5xop. pressure)0.20V70548-KAO 2x3/2 Air Pilot Actuated Valves (Softseal Spool)5/2 Air Pilot Actuated Valves5/3 Air Pilot Actuated Valves/usaVAL-141V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmV44A5*3D-C3***5/2 Single Solenoid Pilot Valve Air Spring Return3.24 (82)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M41.54 (39)Manual Override0.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)5.11 (130)V44A5*7D-C3*** and V45A5*7D-C3*** 5/2 Single Solenoid Pilot Valve Mechanical Spring ReturnV44A5**D-C3*** and V45A5**D-C3***5/2 Double Solenoid Pilot Valve3.24 (82)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M4Manual Override0.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)5.11 (130)4.27 (108)V44A***D-C3*** and V45A***D-C3***2x3/2 + 5/3 Double Solenoid Pilot ValveV44A537A-X00*0 and V45A537A-X00*05/2 Single Air Pilot Valves1.54 (39)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M40.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)1.47 (37.4)4.03 (102)V44A*33A-X00*0 and V45A*33A-X00*02x3/2 + 5/2 + 5/3 Double Air Pilot Valve5.11 (130)1.54 (39)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M40.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)3.24 (82)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M4Manual Override0.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)5.11 (130)4.27 (108)Conversion from internal to external pilot supply / collected pilot exhaustThe lowered and captive gasket between valve body and pilot valve defines and indicates pilot air supply as well as pilot exhaust function of the valve.Internal pilot supply, pilot exhaust air collected and exhausted via port 14.All solenoid pilot valves with code 1 at position 6 in the part number (e.g V45A51...) have the gasket mounted in this position on delivery.External pilot supply from port 14 only, pilot exhaust air not collected but bleed through valve body.All solenoid pilot valves with code 2 at position 6 in the part number (e.g V45A52...) have the gasket mounted in this position on delivery.blue gasketblue gasketNote: Dismounting pilot valve gives access to gasket. Conversion from internal to external pilot supply (or vice versa) by turning the gasket. Caution: In this case part number and symbol on label shows different function. Therefore check gasket position when mounting valve.Air pilot actuated valves External pilot supply.blue gasketDrawing includes cover plate.Drawing shows nopilot valve.Solenoid pilot actuated valvesAir pilot actuated valvesDimensions in inches (mm)3.24 (82)1.38 (35)0.25 (6.4)M4Manual Override0.75 (19)1.05 (26.7)1.47 (37.4)4.03 (102)ValvesVAL-1423151442120.86 (21.8)0.86 (21.8)A0.39 (10)0.71 (18)0.22 (5.5)0.04 (1)0.22 (5.5)0.75 (19)1.06 (27)0.20 (5)1.65 (42)M43.17 (80.5)3.62 (92)3.17 (80.5)2.17 (55)22 (0.87)0.22 (5.5)0.24 (6)0.47 (12)1.10 (28)0.53(13.5)0.83 (21)2.72 (69)10-32 UNF Model Port Size AWeight lb (kg)V70501-RAB NPTF1/4side ported with pilot ports 0.24V70501-BABG1/4(0.11)side ported with pilot portsx = Insert port type from table belowDBA CC0.69 (17.6)0.42 (10.8)1.55 (39.3)1.94 (49.4)0.20 (5)0.67 (17)View Y0.47 (12)1.94 (49.4)Left Hand Side Right Hand Side Y0.18 (4.5)3.07 (78.1)0.18 (4.5)0.38 (9.5)1.07 (27.1)1.07 (27.1)*N x 1.07 (27.1)0.12 (3)2.19 (55.5)3.57 (90.6)5.43 (138)0.73 (18.6)1.71 (43.4)2.69 (68.2)3.54 (90)0.70 (17.9)2.71 (68.9)0.91 (23.1)1.22 (31.1)1.83 (46.6)* N = Number of stationsM5M51/8’’Modular Sub-base Ports 2+4 on side 0.40 lb (0.18 kg)V70525-xAFModular Sub-base Ports 2+4 on side0.40 lb (0.18 kg)Pilot Ports 12+14 on side V70526-xAFModular Sub-base Ports 2+4 on bottom 0.40 lb (0.18 kg)V70525-BAEModular Sub-base Ports 2+4 on bottom 0.40 lb (0.18 kg)Pilot Ports 12+14 on side V70526-BAE End Plate Kit Side Ported0.80 lb( 0.36 kg)V70524-CAC (G3/8)V70524-SAC (3/8NPTF)End ported end caps1 left hand and 1 right handDIN EN 50022 rail 35 x 7.5 mm, 3.3' (1m)0.68 lb (0.31 kg)V10009-C00DIN EN 50022 rail 35 x 15 mm, 3.3' (1m) 2.25 lb (1.02 kg)V10592-C01DIN rail Mounting Kit 0.02 lb (0.01 kg)V70531-KAOBlanking Disk to Modular Sub-base Ports 1, 3, 50.02 lb (0.01 kg)V70522-K00Blanking Disk to Modular Sub-base Ports 12+140.02 lb (0.01 kg)V70523-K00A AB BC Code Ports 2+4Ports 12+14P 1/8NPTF 10-32 UNF R 1/4NPTF 10-32 UNF 23/8 PIF 10-32 UNF B G1/4M58ø 8 mm PIF M5Yø 10 mm PIFM5Individual componentsAccessoriesD Note: Port 14 used for external pilot air supply or for collected pilot air exhaust. Never plug port 14when using valves with internal pilot air supply. Port 12 is not used, plugging not necessary.Single Station Subbase - Side Ported with Pilot PortsSubbaseSide ported subbaseSide ported subbaseV44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmDimensions in inches (mm)/usaVAL-14351342420.97 (24.6)0.94 (24)1.06 (27)3/8N P T F0.22 (5.5)0.67 (17)1.26 (32)0.45 (11.5)0.45 (11.5)1.48 (37.5)2.50 (63.5)1.00 (25.4)0.98 (24.8)B A0.30 (7.5)XView X0.23 (5.9)0.39 (10)1/4" NPTFFixed Length Subbase - Bottom PortedModel Port Size A Weight lb (kg)V70529-RAO 1/4NPTF 0.26V70529-BAOG1/4(0.12)Intermediate Supply / Exhaust ModuleModel Description Weight lb (kg)V70530-KAOSingle Shut-Off Plate 0.28 supplied with gasket(0.13)Model DescriptionWeight lb (kg)V70500-KAOBlanking Plate for0.11 blocking of unused stations (0.05)(supplied with gasket)Provides additional porting on Modular or Fixed Length Sub-base.Occupies one valve station.Supplied with gasket for both sub-bases. Blanking PlateM40.39 (10)0.24 (6)0.75 (19)1.02 (26)2.76 (70)513M40.75 (19)1.02 (26)1.73 (44)0.51 (13)0.63 (16)1.02 (26)0.24 (6)3.03 (77)A0.43 (11)2.48 (63)1.30 (33)Single Valve Shut-Off Plate1.30 (33)M40.85 (21.5)0.26 (6.5)0.31 (8)0.53 (13.4)0.75 (19)1.06 (26.8)3.83 (97)Can be used to:-Improve supply flow-Increase exhaust capacity-Pneumatically separate valves for fail save emergency-Multipressure system and system solutionsAllows individual exchange of valve, while valve manifold is pressurized by port 1.Note: Flow restricted to max. Cv of 0.5142Model No. of ABWeight Stations inch (mm)inch (mm)lb (kg)V70502-RA02 3.27 2.680.88(83)(68)(0.40)V70504-RA04 5.39 4.80 1.43(137)(122)(0.65)V70506-RA067.52 6.93 2.00(191)(176)(0.91)V70508-RA089.659.06 2.53(245)(230)(1.15)V70510-RA01011.7711.18 3.11(299)(284)(1.41)V70512-RA01213.9013.31 3.66(353)(338)(1.66)V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mmDimensions in inches (mm)NOTE: This subbase is suitable for solenoid pilot actuated valves withinternal pilot air supply only.ValvesVAL-144V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mm3.52 (89.5)1.57 (40)ø 1.02 (ø 26)1.04 (26.5)ø 0.87 (ø 22.3)0.75 (19)2.89 (73.5)1.49 (38)0.33 (8.5)6.37 (162)ModelDescriptionWeight lb (kg)V70527-KA1Regulation of Port 10.36 (0.79)Maximum inlet pressure 232 psig (16 bar)Regulated pressure14.5–145 psig (1–10 bar)3.52 (89.5)1.57 (40)ø 1.02 (ø 26)1.04 (26.5)ø 0.87 (ø 22.3)0.75 (19)2.89 (73.5)1.49 (38)0.33 (8.5)6.37 (162)ModelDescriptionWeight lb (kg)V70527-KA2Regulation of Port 20.79 (0.36)Maximum inlet pressure 232 psig (16 bar)Regulated pressure7.25–145 psig (0.5–10 bar)Model Description Weight lb (kg)V70528-KAOFlow control0.37 supplied with gasket (0.17)Flow Control Plate Pressure Regulator Plate0.40 (10.3)0.32 (8.1)M40.85 (21.5)0.26 (6.5)0.75 (19)1.06 (26.8)3.69 (93.7)4.75 (120.7)5.37 (136.5)Dual Regulation of Exhaust Ports 3 and 51.00.80.60.40.200 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Number of turns from closedE x h a u s tF l o w (P o r t s 3+5) [C v ]Flow: Port 1Î2 and 1Î4 remain unchanged Flow measured at 87 psig inlet, Pressure drop 15 psi35Dimensions in inches (mm)/usaVAL-145V44/V45 Mini ISO Star Valves2x3/2, 5/2 and 5/3, Solenoid and Pilot Actuated ISO 15407-1 / VDMA 24 563 Size 26 mm3.52 (89.5) 1.57 (40)ø 1.02 (ø 26)1.04 (26.5)ø 0.87 (ø 22.3)0.75 (19)2.89 (73.5)1.49 (38)0.33 (8.5)6.37 (162)7.05 (179)9.56 (243)ø 1.02 (ø26)ø22.32.89 (73.5)1.49 (38)0.33 (8.5) 1.04 (26.5)Flow Characteristics for Pressure Regulator Plates1.30 (33)M40.85 (21.5)0.26 (6.5)0.71 (9.5)0.53 (13.4)1/4" NPTF10.75 (19)1.06 (26.8)0.15 (3.9)3.11 (79)Sandwich Plate with additional Pressure Port 1ModelDescription Weight lb (kg)V70535-RAOSandwich Plate0.26 (0.12)with additional Port 1,supplied with gasket425311e(180)(360)(540)(720)(qn l/min)Inlet pressure = 116 psig (8 bar)R e g u l a t e d p r e s s u r e p s i g (b a r )p 1 = 145 psig(8)(6)(6.3)(5.3)(4)(2)(900)11691877758296.412.71925.431.8scfm(10 bar)Starting PointInlet pressureO u t l e t p r e s s u r e(2.5)(2.4)(2.2)(2.0)(1.8)(1.6)(1.5)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)294458738710211613114536353229262322psig psig (bar)(bar)ModelDescriptionWeight lb (kg)V70527-KA3Regulation of Port 40.79 (0.36)Maximum inlet pressure 232 psig (16 bar)Regulated pressure14.5–145 psig (1–10 bar)ModelDescriptionWeight lb (kg)V70527-KA4Regulation of Ports 2+4 1.23 (0.56)Maximum inlet pressure 232 psig (16 bar)Regulated pressure14.5–145 psig (1–10 bar)HysterisisPressure Regulator Plate Dimensions in inches (mm)。
BOSE ESP-00 4-Ch mic line input card II 安装说明书
CAUTIONS:• This product is intended for installation by professional installers only.• Do not make unauthorized alterations to the product; doing so may compromise safety, regulatory compliance, system performance, and may void the warranty.• Electro-Static Discharge (ESD) sensitive device. Handle with care.NOTE: The ESP-00 4-Ch mic/line input card II is compatible with ESP-00 series II, ESP-00, and ESP-88 engineered sound processors.This document is intended to provide professional installers with basic installation and safety guidelines for installing the optional ESP-00 4-Ch mic/line input card II into a Bose ® ESP-00 II engineered sound processor. Please read this document before attempting installation.The 4-Ch mic/line input card II provides four mic/line input channels with optional phantom power and selectable mic pre-amp gain settings from 0 to 64 dB.NOTE: Processors with product code 370610-x120 are capable of providing optional +48 VDC phantom power to each input channel. Card-frame processors with other product codes provide +15 VDC to each input channel.To install the 4-Ch mic/line input card II:1. Turn off and unplug the ESP .2. Detach the top cover by removing the 8 cover screws.3. From an empty expansion slot, remove the two screws fromthe blank bracket and lift the bracket off the chassis. Save the two screws for mounting the new expansion card.4. Align the four front-facing LEDs of the expansion cardwith the holes in the front of the chassis, and ensure the connector on the bottom of the card is aligned with the connector on the motherboard (Figure 1). Use the black card guide on the bottom of the case to direct the card using the grooves.Bose ® ControlSpace ® ESP-00 4-Ch mic/line input card IIInstallation Guide5. When the connector on the card is aligned above theconnector on the motherboard, press gently to mate the6. removed from the blank bracket in Step 3.7. Reattach the top cover and fasten the 8 screws.8. Plug in the processor and turn it on.9. To verify that the card was inserted correctly, useC ontrolSpace ® Designer ™ software (version 4.1 or newer):A. Click Scan and confirm that the software detects theprocessor.B. Right-click the detected processor and display itsp roperties (Figure 3). If the 4-Ch mic/line input card II was installed c orrectly, it will appear in the correct slot position.Figure 3. ESP-00 II Properties panelIf the card does not appear, repeat steps 1-9. Be sure thatthe card is seated correctly For further information on configuring the ESP-00 4-Chmic/line input card II, please refer to ControlSpace Designer Software Help.p roperty of their ©2014 Bose Corporation, The Mountain, Framingham, MA 01701-9168 USA AM 726358 Rev. 。
Lecture 3 Bond Pricing_handouts固收第三课
This methodology is called bootstrap methodology
3.2 From Coupon Bonds to Zero Coupon Bonds
An example:
On t = June 30, 2015, the 6-month Treasury bill, expiring on
Example (cont’d):
Z(t,T1) = $98.3607 / $100 = 0.983607
Z t , T2 $99.2343 $1.375 Z t , T1 $99.2343 $1.375 0.983607 0.965542 $101.375 $101.375
and maturities Ti. Assume that maturities are regular intervals of six months. Then, the bootstrap methodology to estimate discount factors, for every i = 1,…, n is as follows:
c 100 n Pc t , Tn Z t , Ti 100 Z t , Tn 2 i 1
Pc t , Tn = å
i =1
also:
( )
n
c / 2 ´ 100
(1+ r (t,T ) / 2)
2 i
2´( Ti -t )
+
100
(1+ r (t ,T ) / 2)
Pc t ,Ti - ci / 2 ´ 100 ´
( )
100 ´ 1 + ci / 2
2023年全国英语等级考试四级真题及答案
2023年全国英语等级考试四级真题及答案2023年全国英语等级考试四级真题及答案Part I: Listening Comprehension (30 marks)Directions: This part is to test your listening ability. It consists of 4 sections.Section A1. A) They will go to the theater.B) They will watch a movie at home.C) They will go shopping.D) They will take a walk in the park.Answer: B2. A) Bright and warm.B) Cold and windy.C) Cloudy and rainy.D) Clear and sunny.Answer: DSection B3. A) She is dreaming.B) She is taking a nap.C) She is doing some exercises.D) She is checking her phone.Answer: B4. A) Asking for suggestions.B) Describing a painting.C) Making a reservation.D) Ordering food.Answer: CSection C5. A) She planned to do something else.B) She was not interested in the play.C) She couldn't afford the ticket.D) She didn't have time for the play.Answer: C6. A) The woman has better handwriting than the man.B) The woman doesn't like the man's handwriting.C) The man's handwriting is difficult to read.D) The man's handwriting is neat.Answer: CSection D7. A) 4 weeks.B) 6 weeks.C) 8 weeks.D) 10 weeks.Answer: A8. A) The professor's lecture.B) The pictures they took.C) The textbook.D) The handouts.Answer: BPart II: Reading Comprehension (40 marks)Directions: This part is to test your reading ability. There are 4 reading passages followed by 10 multiple-choice questions in this part.Passage 19. According to the passage, what is feng shui?A) A form of traditional Chinese art.B) A practice of constructing buildings.C) A method of improving health.D) A way of predicting the future.Answer: A10. What does the passage say about feng shui in modern China?A) People no longer believe in it.B) It is becoming more popular.C) It was banned for a period of time.D) It is practiced only by the elderly.Answer: BPassage 211. According to the passage, what is one drawback of remote work?A) The lack of social interaction.B) The limited work opportunities.C) The increase in commuting time.D) The decrease in work productivity.Answer: A12. What does the passage suggest about the future of remote work?A) It will become the norm for most workers.B) It will be limited to specific industries.C) It will be less popular than in-person work.D) It will result in a decline in job satisfaction.Answer: APassage 313. What is the passage mainly about?A) The benefits of learning a foreign language.B) The importance of language education in schools.C) The most effective methods for language learning.D) The challenges of learning a foreign language.Answer: D14. What does the passage suggest about immersive language learning?A) It is more effective for adults than for children.B) It is only possible for those living abroad.C) It can be beneficial but also challenging.D) It is the most traditional method of language learning.Answer: CPassage 415. What is the main purpose of the passage?A) To introduce a new scientific discovery.B) To discuss the benefits of nuclear energy.C) To criticize the use of fossil fuels.D) To highlight the dangers of radiation.Answer: B16. What conclusion can be drawn about the author's view on nuclear energy?A) The benefits outweigh the risks.B) The risks outweigh the benefits.C) Nuclear energy should be abolished.D) Nuclear energy is no longer necessary.Answer: APart III: Writing (30 marks)Directions: This part is to test your ability to do practical writing. You are required to write an essay in around 120 words on the topic of "The Importance of Environmental Protection". You should base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below:1. 环境保护的重要性；2. 环境污染对人类的影响；3. 如何保护环境。
英语教学设计实践答案(3篇)
第1篇IntroductionThe following teaching design is tailored for a middle school English class, focusing on a unit about "Hobbies and Interests." The lesson aims to enhance students' speaking and listening skills while fostering their ability to express their own hobbies and interests. The target age group is 13-15 years old, and the class duration is 45 minutes.Objective1. Knowledge Objective: Students will be able to understand and use key vocabulary related to hobbies and interests.2. Skill Objective: Students will be able to engage in a conversation about their hobbies and interests with their peers.3. Emotional Objective: Students will develop an interest in exploring and sharing their personal hobbies and interests.Teaching Aids- Whiteboard- Projector- Handouts with vocabulary and questions- Audio recording of a conversation about hobbies- Pen and paper for individual activitiesTeaching Procedure1. Warm-up (5 minutes)- Activity: Brainstorming- Ask students to write down their favorite hobbies on the board.- Encourage them to share their hobbies with the class and explain why they enjoy them.2. Presentation (10 minutes)- Activity: Vocabulary Presentation- Introduce key vocabulary related to hobbies and interests (e.g., collect, paint, read, play music, travel).- Use pictures and real-life examples to illustrate the meanings of the words.- Have students practice using the new vocabulary in sentences.3. Practice (15 minutes)- Activity: Role Play- Pair students up and give them a handout with a conversation about hobbies.- Ask them to read the conversation and practice it with their partner.- Monitor and provide feedback on their pronunciation and fluency.- Activity: Group Discussion- Divide the class into small groups.- Provide each group with a list of questions related to hobbies and interests.- Ask the groups to discuss the questions and share their opinions.4. Production (10 minutes)- Activity: Personal Hobbies Interview- Pair students up again.- Each student interviews their partner about their hobbies and interests using the questions provided.- The other student listens carefully and takes notes.- After the interview, the pair swaps roles.5. Assessment (5 minutes)- Activity: Quick Write- Ask students to write a short paragraph about their favorite hobby, using the new vocabulary and structure learned in the lesson.- Collect the writings for assessment.Conclusion- Activity: Sharing and Reflection- Ask students to share their favorite hobby with the class.- Encourage them to reflect on what they learned during the lesson and how they can incorporate their new vocabulary and skills into theirdaily lives.Feedback and ReflectionAt the end of the lesson, collect feedback from students regarding their learning experience. Reflect on the effectiveness of the teaching methods used and identify areas for improvement. Consider the following questions:- Did the students engage actively in the activities?- Did the vocabulary and skills presented align with the learning objectives?- Were the activities appropriate for the age and level of the students?- How can the lesson be adapted to better suit the needs of the students?ConclusionThis practical English teaching design aims to provide a structured and engaging lesson that enhances students' language skills while fostering their personal interests. By incorporating various activities and allowing for individual expression, the lesson encourages students todevelop a love for learning and a deeper understanding of the English language.第2篇Objective:The primary objective of this English teaching design is to enhance students' proficiency in English by integrating technology into the classroom. This approach aims to make learning more engaging, interactive, and effective, while also preparing students for the digital age.Target Audience:This lesson plan is designed for secondary school students in grades 9-12, with a focus on improving their reading, writing, speaking, and listening skills.Duration:One hour per session, for a total of 10 sessions over a month.Materials:- Interactive whiteboard or projector- Computers or tablets for each student- Internet access- Online learning platforms (e.g., Google Classroom, Edmodo)- Textbooks and supplementary reading materials- Flashcards- Markers and whiteboard erasersLesson Overview:The lesson will be divided into four main sections: Warm-up, Introduction, Activity, and Conclusion. Each section will incorporate technology to enhance the learning experience.1. Warm-up (10 minutes):- Activity: Use a PowerPoint presentation to display a series ofpictures related to the upcoming topic. Students will be asked to describe the pictures using complete sentences in English.- Technology Integration: Utilize the interactive whiteboard to allow students to contribute their descriptions directly onto the board.2. Introduction (10 minutes):- Activity: Introduce the new topic by showing a short video clip or a related news article. This will provide context and pique students' interest.- Technology Integration: Use a computer or tablet to project the video or article onto the screen. Encourage students to take notes on key points.3. Activity (30 minutes):- Activity: Divide the class into small groups and assign each group a different task using online learning platforms.- Group 1: Research a specific topic related to the lesson and create a presentation using Google Slides.- Group 2: Write a short story or a poem based on the lesson's theme and post it on a class blog using WordPress.- Group 3: Record a video discussing their understanding of the topic and upload it to a video sharing platform like YouTube.- Group 4: Create a mind map or Venn diagram comparing and contrasting two related topics using an online tool like XMind.- Technology Integration: Provide each group with a computer or tablet and internet access. Encourage students to collaborate and share their work online.4. Conclusion (10 minutes):- Activity: Bring the class back together to share their findings and discuss the common themes they noticed.- Technology Integration: Use the interactive whiteboard to display the groups' presentations, stories, videos, or mind maps. Have each group present their work and invite the class to ask questions or provide feedback.Assessment:- Formative Assessment: Monitor student participation during the activities and provide feedback on their progress.- Summative Assessment: At the end of the unit, administer a writtentest or an oral presentation to evaluate students' understanding of the key concepts.Reflection and Adaptation:- Reflection: After the completion of the lesson, reflect on the effectiveness of integrating technology into the classroom. Consider what worked well and what could be improved.- Adaptation: Adjust the lesson plan as needed to better suit the students' needs and preferences. For example, if a particular activity was not well-received, consider modifying it for the next session.Conclusion:This practical design for English language teaching demonstrates how technology can be effectively integrated into the classroom to enhance the learning experience. By incorporating various digital tools and platforms, teachers can create a more engaging, interactive, and effective learning environment that prepares students for the challenges of the digital age.第3篇IntroductionThe purpose of this English teaching design is to create an engaging and interactive learning environment that incorporates technology to enhance the learning experience of students. This case study focuses on a secondary school English class in China, where the target group is students in Grade 8. The lesson aims to improve students' reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition skills through the use ofdigital tools and multimedia resources.ObjectiveBy the end of the lesson, students will be able to:1. Comprehend the main ideas and details of a given text.2. Expand their vocabulary through the use of digital dictionaries and interactive games.3. Develop critical thinking skills by analyzing and evaluating the content of the text.4. Demonstrate their understanding of the text through various forms of digital presentations.Materials and Resources1. Interactive whiteboard or computer projector.2. Projector-connected laptop with internet access.3. Digital dictionaries (e.g., Oxford Dictionaries Online).4. Vocabulary-building apps (e.g., Quizlet, Anki).5. Online reading materials (e.g., articles, stories, videos).6. Presentation software (e.g., PowerPoint, Google Slides).7. Handouts with text excerpts and questions.Teaching Procedure1. Warm-up (5 minutes)- Begin the lesson with a quick review of the previous lesson's vocabulary using a digital dictionary.- Engage students in a brief discussion about their weekendactivities using a digital platform (e.g., Padlet) to encourage interaction and participation.2. Introduction (5 minutes)- Introduce the theme of the lesson and the text to be studied using a digital presentation.- Highlight the learning objectives and expectations for the students.3. Pre-reading (10 minutes)- Use a digital platform to show a related video or image to activate prior knowledge and generate interest in the topic.- Distribute handouts with a few questions about the text to be studied. Encourage students to discuss their predictions with a partner.4. Reading (20 minutes)- Project the text on the interactive whiteboard or computer screen.- Divide the text into sections and have students read silently or in pairs.- Use a digital dictionary to look up any unfamiliar vocabulary words.- Encourage students to take notes on key information and main ideas.5. Comprehension Check (10 minutes)- Use a digital platform (e.g., Kahoot!, Quizizz) to assess students' understanding of the text.- Review the answers and discuss any misconceptions or difficult concepts.6. Vocabulary Building (15 minutes)- Introduce new vocabulary words related to the text using a vocabulary-building app.- Have students practice using the new words in sentences or complete exercises on the interactive whiteboard.7. Critical Thinking (10 minutes)- Present a series of questions or prompts that require students to analyze and evaluate the content of the text.- Encourage students to share their opinions and support their arguments with evidence from the text.8. Presentation (10 minutes)- Have students work in groups to create a digital presentation (e.g., using PowerPoint or Google Slides) summarizing their understanding ofthe text.- Allow each group to present their findings to the class.9. Closing (5 minutes)- Conclude the lesson by summarizing the main points discussed andthe new vocabulary introduced.- Assign homework that includes further reading and vocabulary practice.Assessment1. Formative Assessment:- Observe students' participation in discussions and group activities.- Monitor students' use of digital tools and resources during the lesson.- Use digital platforms to assess students' understanding of the text and vocabulary.2. Summative Assessment:- Evaluate students' digital presentations and their ability to summarize the text.- Assign a reflective essay or journal entry where students can express their thoughts on the text and the use of technology in the classroom.ConclusionThis English teaching design incorporates technology to create a dynamic and interactive learning environment that supports students' reading comprehension and vocabulary acquisition skills. By utilizing digital tools and resources, students are able to engage with the material in new and exciting ways, enhancing their learning experience and promoting critical thinking skills.。
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Handouts 4 Language and Culture (Unit 4):–Connotations内涵&Denotations指示-colorsLanguage and culture: a dialectical (辩证) relationshipLanguage is a reflection of culture.Culture is a reflection of language.Denotation vs. connotationCultural Differences in Connotative MeaningsWords with same denotation but different connotations“红” in ChineseAn event of special joyGood fortuneEmbarrassmentangerHealthy, energy, vigordangerRevolution and socialismjealousyEnglish Idioms on “Red”Paint the town red ——Go on a spree and indulge in noisy, rough behavior 狂欢,胡闹See red ——Lose control of one self through anger, or indignation 发怒red-faced ——脸红的My face turned red with embarrassment.red-eyed ——红眼的;眼圈哭红的The little girl's eyes were red with weeping.red-eye (flight) ——夜航航班(尤指深夜从西海岸起飞清晨到达东海岸的)red-eyer ——搭乘此夜班机者red-blooded ——充满活力的;强壮的catch someone red-handed——当场被抓/被捕They caught him red-handed while he was putting the ring in his pocket.red card(足球赛等队员犯规时被裁判罚下场出示的)红牌The red tape ——Complicated official rules and regulations, especially when these areconsidered unnecessary繁文缛节,官样文章People have to suffer a lot of red tape to get welfare.繁琐的手续A red-letter day ——Important or memorable dayIn the red ——a situation of owing money to a bank 欠债out of the red ———还债Red carpet ——隆重的red-ruin ——战祸a red light district ——花街柳巷（红灯区）red alert ——alarming in emergency (空袭) 紧急警报;紧急状况red light & a red flag ——危险信号A red lamp is used as a danger signal.The train must stop when the signal's red.a red battle ——血战red revenge ——血腥复仇RedDifferent connotations in different countriesRedChina : Traditional bridal colour, good luck, celebration, happiness, joy, vitality. Chinesesaying goes "when something is so red, it is purple" - red purple brings luck and fame.Japan : lifeEuropean : Danger (stop signs), love (hearts), excitement (for sale signs)Australian aboriginals : the land, earth, ceremonial ochreUSA : Christmas (with green), Valentine's day (with white)India : PurityRomans : Red flag signified the onset of battleEastern : Joy (with white)Christian : sacrifice, passion, loveSouth Africa : MourningCeltic: Death, afterlife凯尔特人1) yellowYellow in English is usually associated with the state of being cowardly, as inyellow-belied (胆小的).In Chinese, however, the word “黄色”carries the meaning of being pornographic andobscene, as in “黄色书刊”, “黄色电影”“黄” in Chinese(1)皇位emperor, imperial power(2)吉祥auspiciousness(3)色情pornographyEnglish Idioms on “yellow”yellow card ——(足球裁判对屡次犯规选手表示警告而亮出的)黄牌yellow flag ——黄旗,检疫旗yellow pages ——(电话簿中刊载公司、厂商电话的)黄页yellow jouranlism ——黄色新闻yellowbelly ——懦夫yellow-bellied胆小的The bullies picked on him because he was yellow.因为他怯懦,所以混混找他麻烦。
YellowDifferent connotations in different countriesEuropean : Hope, joy, happiness, hazards, cowardice, weaknessAsia : sacred, imperialEgypt : MourningJapan : CourageIndia : MerchantsBuddhism : wisdom“绿” in Chinese: shameEnglish Idioms on “Green”(1) Jealousy, envy(2) Lacking in experience, training or knowledgegreen with envy/green-eyed———红眼病，嫉妒green (as grass) /greenhorn/ greenhand ———新手green fingers ———(Br. E.)搞园艺的才能GreenDifferent connotations in different countriesChina : Green hats indicate a man's wife is cheating on him.Japan : Life.Islam : Hope - the cloak 遮掩of the prophet was thought to be green, virtue - only thoseof perfect faith can wear green.Ireland: Symbol of the entire country, Catholics天主教的European/USA : Spring, new birth, go, safe, environmental awareness, Christmas (withred)USA : Money“Blue” in English：Unhappy feelingsHigh social positionEnglish Idioms on “Blue”In a blue mood / Having the blues / look or feel blue ——A sad, gloomy or depressedmood 沮丧的A blue Monday ——The first day of work or school after a pleasant happy weekendHe’s a real blue blood ——He’s from an aristocratic family贵族Blue book ——A book with the names of well-known persons, especially governmentofficials 蓝皮书once in a blue moon—千载难逢地out of the blue ———突然地black and blue ———青肿的,青一块紫一块be blue in the face ——(由于愤怒或过分费力) 脸色突变,脸红气喘blue talk ——下流的言论blue film ——淫秽电影,色情片“白” in Chinese(1)purity, innocence(2)funeral葬礼(3)color(4) in vain(5)plain(6) no generalized meaning“White” in EnglishWhite connotes honesty, faithfulness忠诚and justness.正义English Idioms on “White”a white spirit 正直的精神a very white man非常忠实可靠的人white hand 廉洁、诚实white list 白名单(指守法人士、合法机构等)white market 合法市场a white elephant ————昂贵又无用之物a white lie——————— A harmless lie无恶意谎言,小谎a white hope ——————人们寄予厚望者days marked with a white stone ——————幸福的日子WhiteDifferent connotations in different countriesEuropean : Marriage, angels, hospitals, doctors, peace, milkJapan : Mourning, white carnation means deathChina : Death, mourning悲伤India : UnhappinessEastern : Funerals“黑” in Chinese(1) negative quality(2)ignorance(3) funeralEnglish Idioms on “Black”Blacklist ——黑名单black market ——黑市black-hearted ——黑心be in the dark ——Running a business profitably有盈余,盈利(in the red)black and white ——非是即非，绝对化in black and white ——白纸黑字a black look ———怒视, 恶狠狠地看a black sheep ——害群之马, 败家子black in the face ——脸色铁青Other Colorsto be born in the purple ———生于帝王之家brown-stone ———上流社会的, 富有阶级的in the pink———非常健康,最佳状态。