自考商务英语复习资料
商务英语自学资料
商务英语自学资料随着全球化的加速和国际贸易的不断发展，商务英语已经成为了现代商务交流中不可或缺的一部分。
对于想要在商界立足的人来说，掌握商务英语已经成为了必不可少的技能。
但是，很多人可能没有时间和机会去参加商务英语培训课程，这时候自学商务英语就成为了一个很好的选择。
本文将为大家提供一些商务英语自学资料，帮助大家更好地掌握商务英语。
1. 商务英语词汇商务英语词汇是商务英语学习的基础。
在学习商务英语词汇时，我们可以通过阅读商务英语书籍、文章、报纸等，积累常用的商务英语词汇。
同时，我们还可以通过使用在线词典、单词记忆软件等工具来加强记忆。
下面是一些常用的商务英语词汇：1) negotiation 谈判2) contract 合同3) agreement 协议4) invoice 发票5) payment 支付6) shipment 运输7) marketing 市场营销8) promotion 促销9) customer 客户10) supplier 供应商2. 商务英语语法商务英语语法是商务英语学习中的另一个重要方面。
在学习商务英语语法时，我们需要了解商务英语中常用的语法结构，如现在完成时、被动语态等。
我们可以通过阅读商务英语书籍、文章、报纸等来学习商务英语语法。
同时，我们还可以使用相关的在线语法学习网站、语法书籍等来加强学习。
下面是一些常用的商务英语语法：1) 现在完成时：用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响。
例如：We have completed the project on time. (我们已经按时完成了这个项目。
)2) 被动语态：用于强调动作的承受者。
例如：The contract was signed by the CEO. (这份合同是由CEO签署的。
)3) 条件句：用于表达一种条件和结果的关系。
例如：If we reduce the price, we will attract more customers. (如果我们降价，我们将吸引更多的客户。
国际商务英语 考点解析 自考
国际商务英语Lesson One考点解析1. 商务知识1) major differences between international business and domestic business (国际商务与国内商务的主要不同点)A.differences in legal system (法律体系的不同): The countries involved often have different legal systems, and one or more parties will have to adjust themselves to operate in compliance with the foreign law. 不同的国家通常拥有不同的法律体系，参与商务的一方或几方不得不根据外国的法律来调整自己的经营活动。
B.differences in currencies（货币的不同）: Different countries usually use different currencies and the parties concerned will have to decide which currency to use and do everything necessary as regards conversion etc. 不同的国家通常使用不同的货币，参与商务的有关方必须选择使用哪种货币，就兑换等事宜作好一切必要的工作。
C.differences in cultural background（文化背景的不同）: +Cultural differences including language, customs, traditions, religion, value, behavior etc. often constitute challenges and even traps for people engaged in international business. 文化差异包括语言、习俗、传统、宗教、价值观和行为方式的不同，往往给从事商务的人构成挑战甚至陷阱。
05355商务英语自考
I. Multiple Choice (20 points, 2 points for each)1. Rising damp, if not treated effectively, could in time cause extensive damage to the structure of your home, ruin decoration and furniture.A. 如果处理不当，墙内潮气最终可能会对房屋的结构造成大面积破坏，毁掉装修和家具。
B. 如果处理不当，墙内潮气最终可能会对房屋的结构、装修以及家具造成大面积破坏和损害。
C. 如果处理不当，墙内的潮湿气体准时可能会对房屋的结构造成大面积破坏，毁掉装修和家具。
D. 如果处理不当，墙内的潮湿气体准时可能会对房屋的结构、装修以及家具造成大面积破坏。
2. This contract is entered into as of the seventh day of March, 2002, by and between Lonk Co. Ltd., a corporation organized under the laws of the United States of America (hereinafter called the "Purchaser"), and Wingo Co. Group, a corporation organized under the laws of the People’s Republic of China ( hereinafter called the "Seller").A. 2002年3月7日，本合同由依照美国法律成立的龙科有限公司[以下简称甲方]和依照中华人民共和国法律成立的文果集团公司[以下简称乙方]订立。
B. 本合同由依照美国法律成立的龙科有限公司[以下简称甲方]和依照中华人民共和国法律成立的文果集团公司[以下简称乙方]之间于2002年3月7日订立。
《国际商务英语》(自考)Lesson 10
other risks
➢ political risks - war, quotas, foreign exchange control
➢ commercial risks - market change and exchange rate fluctuation
➢ language barriers
exporter
draft and the shipping document
bank
customer
importer’s bank
document will not be released to the importer until payment is affected
D/ P at sight
sales on this basis are usually paid for by periodic payment
the exporter must have sufficient financial strength to carry to cost of the goods until receiving payment
/
debtor /ˈdetə(r)/
debit /ˈdebɪt/
adj. 国内的 n. 状况 n. 汇款 n. 债务人 v. 将……记入 借方；n. 借方
financial standing standing n. 地位；级别；身份；名声
credit worthiness /ˈwɜːðinəs/ default /dɪˈfɔːlt/ ban /bæn/
fluctuation /ˌflʌktʃuˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
财务状况
资信可靠 状况
n. 违约 n./ v. 禁 止
自考商务英语复习资料
Lesson l International Business1.certificate of deposit 大额存单2. management contract 管理合同3.turnkey project “交钥匙”工程4.copyright 版权5．maturity 到期日 6.价值链value chain 7．承包生产contract manufacturing 8．特许经营者franchisee 9．国内生产总值gross domestic product 10.商标trademarkLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market1．GNP 国民生产总值2．Consumerism 消费主义 3 . factors of production 生产要素 4. purchasing power 购买力5．PPP 购买力平价 6.个市场的收人分布状况6. income distribution of a market 7．人均国内生产总值per capita GDP 8．经济合作与发展组织Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 9．四方组合Quad 10.大路货staple goodsLesson 3 Regional Economic Integration1.political entity 政治实体2.OPEC 石油输出国组织3. settlement 结算4. council of ministers 部长理事会5．territory economies 区域性经济体 6.行政（执行）机构executive body 7．欧元euro 8．欧盟委员会European Commission 9．签字国，签字人signatory 10.关税税率tariff ratesLesson 4 Economic Globalization1.economic globalization 经济全球化2. technical improvements技术进步3．Inputs投入 4.headquarters总部5.parent company 母公司6．子公司affiliate 7．日常管理day-to-day running 8．国际经济环境international economic environment 9．跨国公司（企业）multinational corporation ( enterprise ) 10.职权jurisdiction Lesson 5 International Trade (I)1.international trade 国际贸易2. the theory of absolute advantage绝对利益理论3. nd and labor 资本、土地和劳动力4. with respect to关于5．appeal吸引力6．国际生产专门化international specialization 7．劳务services 9．比较利益comparative advantageLesson 6 International Trade (II)1.reasonable costs合理的成本2. inland water vessels内河船只3. cargo compartment货仓4.tariffs 关税5．customs union 关税同盟6．数量限制quantitative restrictions 7．外汇收入foreign exchange earnings 8.配额quota 9．关税减让tariff concessions 10.移民汇款immigrant remittanceLesson 7 Incoterms 20001．EDI 电子数据交换 2.Ex Work 工厂交货3．Free Carrier货交承运人4．CIF 成本、保险费加运费5．negotiable 可转让的，可流通的6．贸易术语trade terms 7．装运港船上交货FOB( Free on Board) 8．目的地，终点destination 9．无关税区customs-free zones 10.商业发票commercial invoicesLesson 8 The Business Contract1.offeree 收盘人2. sales confirmation．销售确认书3. binding obligations 约束性责任4. cotton piece goods棉布5．trunk call 长途电话6．报价quotation 7.仲裁arbitration 8．寄售合同consignment contract 9.购货合同9．purchase contract 10.书面谈判10. written negotiationLesson 9 Modes of Trade1.buyback 回购交易2. foreign exchange 外汇3. auction拍卖4．Creditor债权人 5. Volkswagen众汽车公司6.贸易方式modes of trade 7.反向购买，互购counter purchase 8.跨国界合同cross-border contract 9．代理agency 10.补偿贸易compensation tradeLesson 10 International Payment1. open account记账交易2. drawer出票人3. D/P at sight即期付款交单4.documentary draft跟单汇票5. consigment transaction寄售交易6．外汇管制foreign exchange control 7．远期付款交单D/P aft.er sight 8．受款人payee 9.汇率波动exchange rate fluctuations 10.光票clean draftLesson 11The Letter of Credit（ll）1．amendment修改2．negotiating bank 议付行 3. credit worthiness资信 4.carrying vessel运载船只5. legal action法律行动6．单价unit price 7．转船transshipment 8．信用证letter of credit 9．申请人applicant 10.保兑行confirming bankLesson 12 The Letter of Credit (lI)1.double assurance双重保障2. deferred payment推迟付款3.mechanism机制4. the maturity of the draft 汇票到期5．clean credit 光票信用证6．无汇票信用证non-draft credit 7．不可链讣信用证non-transferable credit 8．远期信用证usance credit 9．贴现discount 10.资金周转capital turnoverLesson 13 Major Documents Required in World Trade1.take delivery of提货2. port of shipment起运港，发货港3．notify party被通知人4．packing list 装箱单5．weight list重量单6．货运收据cargo receipt 7.收货人consignee 8．承运人carrier 9．单据documents 10.合法持有人legal holderLesson 14 International Transportation1.in a broad sense从广义上讲2. per-unit每一单位3. private carrier自有承运人4. logistics物流5. cost economies 节约成本（成本节约）6.契约承运人contract carrier 7．货物运输freight transportation 8．库存，存货inventory 9．生产率productivity 10.产品自然领域natural product provincesLesson 15 Insurance (l)1.Insured被保险人，保户，投保人2. handmaiden起服务（或辅助）作用的事物3. jeopardy危险，风险4. multi- modal transportation多种方式的运输5.known premium已知的保险费6．承保人insurer 7．保证margin 8．顾客client 9．共同款项pool 10.海上保险marine insuranceLesson 16 Insurance (ll)1.forwarding charges远期费用2. free from particular average平安险3. all risks一切险4．Pro rata按比例5．terms of sale 价格条件6．水渍险with particular average 7．导致损失的直接原因proximate cause of the loss 8．分摊contribution 9．可保权益insurable interest 10.最大诚信utmost good faithLesson 17 The International Monetary System and Exchange Rate1.the international monetary system国际货币体系2. direct quote直接标价3- flexible exchange rate浮动汇率 4. gold standard金本位制 5. special drawing right特别提款权6．买入价buying rate 7．利率interest rate 8.卖出价buying rate 9．通货膨胀inflation 10.国际收支平衡international balance of paymentLesson 18 International Financial Organizations1．hard loans硬贷款2．voting power 投票权3. development strategy发展策略 4. telecommunications电信5 . population-planning人口计划 6.私营经济private sector 7．借款权borrowing power 8．优惠期grace period 9．储备份额reserve tranche 10.股权投资equity investmentLesson 19 Foreign Direct Investment1．integrated company 综合公司2．supply factors供给方面的因素 3. distribution networks销售网 4. start from scratch白手起家5．after-sale service售后服务6．投资政策investment policies 7．外国直接投资foreign direct investment 8．并购acquisition 9．贸易壁垒trade barriers 10.营销优势marketing advantageLesson 20 The International Stock Exchange1．investor 投资者2．Jobber股票买卖经纪人3．indices 指数4.Equities普通股5- market maker证券交易商6．套期保值hedge 7．事业机构投资商institutional investors 8．所得税income tax 9．长期资本long-term capital 10.证券交易所stock exchangeLesson 21 The World Trade Organization and China1.non-discriminate 非歧视的2. GATT关贸总协定3．verdict裁决，判决 4. standard of living生活水平5．enforcement power 执行权6．最惠国条款most-favored nation clause 7．贸易保护措施protectionist measures 8.敏感产业sensitive industries 9．贸易赤字trade deficit 10.充分就业full employmentLesson 22 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development1.preference优先权2. territory领土，领地3. transfer of technology技术转让4. industrialization process工业化进程5. international monetary system 国际货币体系6．联合国大会United Nations General Assembly 7．行动纲领action program 8.殖民地colony 9．机构organ 10.豁免条款escape clause全真模拟演练（一）1．correspondent bank 往来行，关系行2．tax holiday免税期3．gold tranche黄金份韧4．hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀5．negotiable transport document可转让装运单据6．bill of exchange汇票7．grace period 优惠期，宽限期8. preferential customs tariffs特惠税9．dirty float肮脏浮动10. endowment of nature自然的赋予11.关税减让tariff concession 12.从量税specific duties 13.贴现率discount rate 14.反补贴措施counter-veiling measures 15 .空运收据airway bill 16.差别待遇differential treatment 17.非关税壁垒non-tariff barrier 18.装船通知shipping advice 19.补偿贸易compensation trade 20.借款权borrowing power全真模拟演练（二）1．common market共同市场 2. certificate of origin产地证书3．business line业务范围 4. investment returns投资回报5．idle funds游资 6. cash in advance 预付现金7.title to the goods货物所有权8．direct quote直接标价9．trade terms贸易术语10. firm offer实盘11.分阶段付款periodic payments 12.价格条款price terms 13.跟单托收documentary collection 14.实际头寸net positions 15.大路货staple goods 16.结关customs clearance 17.唛头shipping marks 18.风险转移risk transfer 19.竞争性贬值competitive devaluation 20.起运港port of shipmentLesson l International Business1．国际贸易和国内贸易在法制体系、货币、文化背景和自然条件与经济条件方面都有所不同。
自考国际商务英语学科考试复习要点
国际商务英语学科考试复习要点Lesson 1 International Business商务术语：FDI GDP BOT patent copyright value chain franchising (紫色书10-11页)考点：国际商务贸易的主要类型（major types of international business）A．Trade（贸易）：a. commodity trade (商品贸易,也叫有形贸易visible trade )b. trade (服务贸易, 也叫无形贸易invisible trade)B. Investment (投资): a. foreign direct investment (FDI 外国直接投资)b. portfolio investment (证券投资)C. Other types (其他类型): a. licensing and franchising (国际许可与特许经营)b. management contract and contract manufacturing (管理合同和承包生产)翻译练习:1.随着经济全球化的发展,无形贸易即使在发展中国家的国际贸易中所占的比例也逐渐增大With the development of economic globalization, invisible trade accounts for an increasing proportion of the world trade even in the developing countries2.BOT是“交钥匙”工程的一种流行的变通形式BOT is a popular variant of the turnkey projectLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market商务术语:GNP PPP ( purchasing power parity 购买力平价) Staple goods (大路货)creditor country ( 债权国) (紫色书25页)考点:国民生产总值和国生产总值(GNP 和GDP)GNP: refers to the market value of goods ands produced by the property and labor owned by the residents of an economyGDP:refers to the market value of all goods ands produced within the geographic area of an economy.Per capita income (人均收入): It is calculated by dividing its national income by its population Triad and Quad (三方组合和四方组合): A. United StatesB. Western EuropeC. JapanD. Canada翻译练习:1.国民生产总值和国生产总值体现了一个国家的全部收入,在衡量国民收入方面可以互换使用。
自考国际商务英语复习必看资料
《国际商务英语》串讲Aabroad adv. 在国外，出国，广泛流传absence n. 缺席，离开absent adj. 不在，不参与absenteeism n. （经常性）旷工，旷职absorb v. 吸收，减轻（冲击、困难等）作用或影响abstract n. 摘要access n. 接近（或进入）的机会，享用权v. 获得使用计算机数据库的权利accommodation n. 设施，住宿account n. 会计帐目accountancy n. 会计工作accountant n. 会计accounts n. 往来帐目account for 解释，说明account executive n. （广告公司）客户经理*accruals n. 增值，应计achieve v. 获得或达到，实现，完成acknowledge v. 承认，告知已收到（某物），承认某人acquire v. 获得，得到*acquisition n. 收购，被收购的公司或股份acting adj. 代理的activity n. 业务类型actual adj. 实在的，实际的，确实的adapt v. 修改，适应adjust v. 整理，使适应administration n. 实施，经营，行政administer v. 管理，实施adopt v. 采纳，批准，挑选某人作候选人advertise v. 公布，做广告ad n. 做广告，登广告advertisement n. 出公告，做广告advertising n. 广告业after-sales service n. 售后服务agenda n. 议事日程agent n. 代理人，经纪人allocate v. 分配，配给amalgamation n. 合并，重组ambition n. 强烈的欲望，野心*amortise v. 摊还analyse v 分析，研究analysis n. 分析，分析结果的报告analyst n. 分析家，化验员annual adj. 每年的，按年度计算的annual general meeting （AGM）股东年会anticipate v. 期望anticipated adj. 期待的appeal n. 吸引力apply v. 申请，请求；应用，运用applicant n. 申请人application n. 申请，施用，实施appointee n. 被任命人appraisal n. 估量，估价appreciate v. 赏识，体谅，增值*appropriate v. 拨出（款项）approve v. 赞成，同意，批准aptitude n. 天资，才能*arbitrage n. 套利arbitration n. 仲裁*arrears n. 欠帐assemble v. 收集，集合assembly-line n. 装配线，流水作业线assess v. 评定，估价asset n. 资产current asset n. 流动资产fixed asset n. 固定资产frozen asset n. 冻结资产intangible assets n. 无形资产liquid assets n. 速动资产tangible assets n. 有形资产assist v. 援助，协助，出席audit n. 查账，审计automate v. 使某事物自动操作average n. 平均，平均水准awareness n. 意识；警觉Bbacking n. 财务支持，赞助backhander n. 贿赂*backlog n. 积压（工作或订货）bad debt 死账（无法收回的欠款）balance n. 收支差额，余额balance of payments n. 贸易支付差额balance sheet n. 资产负债表bankrupt adj. 破产的bankruptcy n. 破产bank statement n. 银行结算清单（给帐户的），银行对账单bar chart n. 条形图，柱状图bargain v. 谈判，讲价base n. 基地，根据地batch n. 一批，一组，一群batch production 批量生产bear market n. 熊市beat v. 超过，胜过behave v. 表现，运转behaviour n. 举止，行为，运转情况below-the-line advertising 线下广告，尚未被付款的广告benchmark n. 衡量标准benefit n. 利益，补助金，保险金得益fringe benefits n. 附加福利sickness benefit n. 疾病补助费bid n. 出价，投标takeover bid n. 盘进（一个公司）的出价bill n. 账单，票据billboard n. （路边）广告牌，招贴板black adj. 违法的in the black 有盈余，贷方black list 黑名单，禁止贸易的（货物、公司及个人）名单black Monday n. 黑色星期一，指1987年10月国际股票市场崩溃的日子blue chips n. 蓝筹股，绩优股blue-collar adj. 蓝领（工人）的Board of Directors n. 董事会Bond n. 债券bonus n. 津贴，红利books n. 公司帐目book value n. 账面价值，（公司或股票）净值bookkeeper n. 簿记员，记帐人boom n. 繁荣，暴涨boost v. 提高，增加，宣扬bottleneck n. 瓶颈，窄路，阻碍bottom adj. 最后的，根本的v. 到达底部，建立基础bounce v. 支票因签发人无钱而遭拒付并退回brainstorm n./v. 点子会议，献计献策，头脑风暴branch n. 分支，分部brand n. 商标，品牌brand leader n. 占市场最大份额的品牌，名牌brand loyalty n. （消费者）对品牌的忠实break even v. 收支相抵，不亏不盈break even point 收支相抵点，盈亏平衡点breakthrough n. 突破brief n. 摘要brochure n. 小册子broker n. 经纪人，代理人bull market 牛市budget n. 预算bulk n. 大量（货物）adj. 大量的bust adj. 破了产的buyout n. 买下全部产权CCAD（=Computer Aided Design）n. 计算机辅助设计call n. 打电话call on v. 呼吁，约请，拜访campaign n. 战役，运动candidate n. 求职者，候选人canteen n. 食堂canvass v. 征求意见，劝说capacity n. 生产额，（最大）产量caption n. 照片或图片下的简短说明capital n. 资本，资金capture v. 赢得cash n. 现金，现付款v. 兑现cash flow n. 现金流量case study n. 案例分析catalogue n. 目录，产品目录catastrophe n. 大灾难，大祸CEO n. Chief Executive Officer（美）总经理chain n. 连锁店challenger n. 挑战者channel n. （商品流通的）渠道charge n. 使承担，要（价），把……记入（账册等）chart n. 图表checkout n. 付款台chief adj. 主要的，首席的，总的CIF， c.i.f. 成本保险费加运费circular n. 传阅的小册子（传单等）circulate v. 传阅claim n./v. 要求，索赔client n. 委托人，顾客cold adj. 没人找上门来的，生意清淡的commercialise v. 使商品化commission n. 佣金*commitment n. 承诺commodity n. 商品，货物company n. 公司limited （liability）company （ltd.）股份有限公司public limited company （plc）n. 股票上市公司compensate v. 补偿，酬报compensation n. 补偿，酬金compete v. 比赛，竞争competition n. 比赛，竞争competitor n. 竞争者，对手competitive adj. 竞争性的component n. 机器元件、组件、部件，部分concentrated marketing n. 集中营销策略condition n. 条件，状况*configuration n. 设备的结构、组合conflict n. 冲突，争论*conglomerate n. 综合商社，多元化集团公司*consolidate v. 帐目合并*consortium n. 财团constant adj. 恒定的，不断的，经常的consultant n. 咨询人员，顾问，会诊医生consumables n. 消耗品consumer durables n. 耐用消费品（如：洗衣机）consumer goods n. 消费品，生活资料*contingency n. 意外事件continuum n. 连续时间contract n. 合同，契约contractor n. 承办商，承建人contribute v. 提供，捐献contribution n. 贡献，捐献，税conversion n. 改装，改造conveyor n. 运送，传递，转让core time n. （弹性工作制的）基本上班时间（员工于此段时间必须上班，弹性只对除此以外的时间有效）cost n. 成本fixed costs 固定成本running costs 日常管理费用variable costs 可变成本cost-effective adj. 合算的，有效益的costing n. 成本计算，成本会计credit n. 赊购，赊购制度credit control 赊销管理（检查顾客及时付款的体系）letter of credit 信用证credit limit 赊销限额credit rating 信贷的信用等级，信誉评价creditor n. 债权人，贷方*creditworthiness n. 信贷价值，信贷信用crisis n. 危机，转折点critical adj. 关键的*critical path analysis n. 关键途径分析法currency n. 货币，流通current adj. 通用的，现行的Current account 往来帐户，活期（存款）户current assets n. 流动资产current liabilities n. 流动负债customise v. 按顾客的具体要求制造（或改造等）；顾客化cut-throat adj. 残酷的，激烈的cut-price a. 削价（出售）的CV（=curriculum vitae）n. 简历，履历*cycle time n. 循环时间Ddamages n. 损害，损失deadline n. 最后期限deal n. 营业协议，数量v. 交易dealer n. 商人debit n. 借方，欠的钱v. 记入帐户的借方debt n. 欠款，债务to get into debt 负债to be out of debt 不欠债to pay off a debt 还清债务debtor n. 债务人aged debtors 长期债务人declare v. 申报，声明decline n./v. 衰退，缓慢，下降decrease v. 减少deduct v. 扣除，减去default n. 违约，未履行defect n. 缺陷defective adj. 有缺点的defer v. 推迟deferred payments n. 延期支付deficit n. 赤字delivery cycle n. 交货周期*demand management n. 需求规化demotivated adj. 消极的，冷谈的deposit n. 储蓄，预付（定金）depot n. 仓库depreciate v. 贬值，（对资产）折旧depressing adj. 令人沮丧的deputy n. 代理人，副职，代理devalue v. 货币贬值（相对于其它货币）diet n. 饮食，食物，特种饮食differentiation n. 区分，鉴别dimensions n. 尺寸，面积，规模direct v 管理，指导director n. 经理，主管Managing Director n. 总经理direct cost n. 直接成本direct mail n. （商店为招揽生意而向人们投寄的）直接邮件direct selling n. 直销，直接销售directory n. 指南，号码簿discount n. 折扣，贴现dismiss v. 让……离开，打发走dismissal n. 打发走dispatch n./v. 调遣display n./v. 展出，显示dispose v. 安排，处理（事务）dispose of 去掉，清除distribution n. 分配，分发，分送产品*diversify v. 从事多种经营；多样化divest v. 剥夺dividend n. 股息，红利，年息division n. 部门*dog n. 滞销品down-market a./ad. 低档商品的*down-time/downtime n. 设备闲置期DP（=Data Processing）n. 计算机数据处理，计算机数据处理部门dramatic adj. 戏剧性的drive n. 积极性，能动性due adj. 应付的，预期的dynamic adj. 有活力的Eearnings n. 工资efficiency n. 效率endorse v. 背书，接受engage v. 雇用entitle v. 授权entitlement n. 应得的权利holiday entitlement n. 休假权equity n. 股东权益equity capital n. 股本equities 普通股，股票estimated demand n. 估计需求evaluate v. 估价，评价eventual adj. 最终的exaggerate v. 夸张exceed v. 超过exhibit n. 展览，表现expenditure n. 花费，支出额expense n. 费用，支出expense account n. 费用帐户expenses n. 费用，业务津贴expertise n. 专长，专门知识和技能*exposure n. 公众对某一产品或公司的知悉；广告所达到的观众总数Ffacilities n. 用于生产的设备、器材facilities layout n. 设备的布局规化、计划facilities location n. 设备安置*factoring n. 折价购买债券*fail-safe system n. 安全系统feasibility study n. 可行性研究feedback n. 反馈，反馈的信息field n. 办公室外边，具体业务file n. 文件集，卷宗，档案，文件v. 把文件（或资料）归档fill v. 充任finance n. 资金，财政v. 提供资金financial adj. 财政的financing n. 提供资金，筹借资金finished goods n. 制成品firm n. 公司fire v. 解雇fix v. 确定，使固定在fix up v. 解决，商妥fiscal adj. 国库的，财政的*flagship n. 同类中最成功的商品，佼佼者flexible adj. 有弹性的，灵活的flextime n. 弹性工作时间制flier（=flyer）n. 促销传单float v. 发行股票flop n. 失败flow shop n. 车间fluctuate v. 波动，涨落，起伏FOB， f.o.b n. 离岸价*follow-up n. 细节落实，接连要做的事forecast v. 预测four P's 指产品PRODUCT、价格PRICE、地点PLACE、促销PROMOTIONframework n. 框架，结构*franchise n. 特许经销权v. 特许经销，给予特许经销权franchisee n. 特许经营人franchiser n. 授予特许经营权者fraud n. 欺骗*freebie n. （非正式的）赠品，免费促销的商品freelance n.& adj. 自由职业者（的）funds n. 资金，基金futures n. 期货交易Ggap n. 缺口，空隙*gearing n. 配称（即定息债务与股份资本之间的比率）*gimmick n. 好主意，好点子goal n. 目标going adj. 进行的，运转中的going rate n. 产品的市场价格goods n. 货物，商品goodwill n. 声誉*go public v. 首次公开发行股票grapple with v. 与……搏斗，尽力解决grievance n. 申诉，抱怨gross adj. 总的，毛的gross margin n. 毛利率gross profit n. 毛利gross yield n. 毛收益gradually adv. 逐渐地group n. （由若干公司联合而成的）集团grow v. 增长，扩大growth n. 增长，发展guarantee n. 保证，保单guidelines n. 指导方针，准则Hhand in v. 呈送hand in one's notice 递交辞呈handle v. 经营*hands on adj. 有直接经验的hard sell n. 强行推销hazard n. 危险，危害行为head n. 主管，负责health and safety n. 健康和安全*hedge n. 套期保值hidden adj. 隐藏的，不明显的hierarchy n. 等级制度，统治集团，领导层hire v. 雇用hire purchase n. 分期付款购物法hit v. 击中，到达holder n. 持有者holding company n. 控股公司hostile adj. 不友好的，恶意的HRD n. 人力资源发展部human resources n. 人力资源Iimpact n. 冲击，强烈影响implement v. 实施，执行implication n 隐含意义incentive n. 刺激；鼓励income n. 工资或薪金收入，经营或投资的收入earned income 劳动收入，劳动所得unearned income 非劳动收入，投资所得increment v. 定期增加incur v 招致，承担*indemnity n. 偿还，赔偿index n. 指数，索引retail price index 零售价格指数indirect costs n. 间接成本induction n. 就职industrial adj. 工业的industrial action n. （罢工、怠工等）劳工行动industrial relations n. 劳资关系inefficiency n. 低效率，不称职inflate v. 抬高（物价），使通货等）膨胀inflation n. 通货膨胀*infringe v. 违法，违章initial adj. 初步的innovate v. 革新input n. 投入insolvent adj. 无清偿力的installment n. 部分，分期付款insure v. 给……保险，投保insurance n. 保险interest n. 利息，兴趣interest rate n. 利率interim n. 中期，过渡期间intermittent production n. 阶段性生产interview n./v. 面试interviewee n. 被面试的人interviewer n. 主持面试的人，招聘者introduce v. 介绍，提出*inventory n. 库存buffer inventory n. 用于应付突发性需求的存货capacity inventory n. 用于将来某时使用的存货cycle inventory n. 循环盘存decoupling inventory n. 保险性存货（以应付万一）finished goods inventory n. 制成品存货（盘存）pipeline inventory n. 在途存货raw materials inventory n. 原材料存货work-in-progress inventory n. 在制品盘存（存货）invest v. 投资investment n. 投资investor n. 投资者invoice n. 发票v. 给（某人）开发票irrevocable adj. 不可撤消的，不能改变的issue n. 发行股票* rights issue n. 优先认股权IT=Information Technology 信息技术item n. 货物，条目，条款Jjob n. 工作job description 工作说明，职务说明*job lot n. 一次生产的部分或少数产品job mobility 工作流动job rotation 工作轮换job satisfaction 工作的满意感（自豪感）*job shop n. 专门车间jobbing n. 为一次性的或小的订货需求而特设的生产制度joint adj. 联合的joint bank account （几个人的）联合银行存款帐户journal n. 专业杂志*jurisdiction n. 管辖（权）junk bonds n. 低档（风险）债券，垃圾债券junk mail n. （未经收信人要求的）直接邮寄的广告宣传*just-in-time n. 无库存制度Kkey adj. 主要的，关键的knockdown adj. （价格）很低的know-how n. 专门技术Llabel n. 标签，标牌v. 加标签，加上标牌labour n. 劳动，工作，劳动力labour market 劳动力市场labour relations 劳资关系labour shortage 劳动力短缺*launch v. 在市场推出一种新产品n. 新产品的推出lay-off/layoff n./v. 临时解雇layout n. 工厂的布局lead v. 领先，领导lead time n. 完成某项活动所需的时间leaflet n. 广告印刷传单lease n. 租借，租赁物legal adj. 合法的lend v. 出借，贷款lessee n. 承租人lessor n. 出租人*ledger n. 分类帐nominal ledger n. 记名帐purchase ledger n. 进货sales ledger n. 销货帐*leverage n. 杠杆比率liability n. 负债liabilities n. 债务licence（US：license）n. 许可证license v. 许可，批准life cycle n. 寿命周期likely adj. 可能的*line process 流水线（组装）link n. 关系，联系，环liquid adj. 易转换成现款的liquidate v. 清算*liquidity n. 拥有变现力liquidation n. 清理（关闭公司），清算liquidator n. 清算人，公司资产清理人listed adj. 登记注册的listing n. 上市公司名录literature n. （产品说明书之类的）印刷品，宣传品litigate v. 提出诉讼loan n./v. 贷款，暂借logo n. 企业的特有标记lose v. 亏损loser n. 失败者loss n. 损失lot n. 批，量loyalty n. 忠诚，忠实Mmagazine n. 杂志，期刊mailshot n. 邮购maintain v. 维持，保持maintenance n. 维持，坚持major adj. 重大的，主要的，较大的majority shareholding 绝对控股make n. 产品的牌子或型号make-to-order adj. 根据订货而生产的产品make-to-stock adj. 指那些在未收到订货时就已生产了的产品management n. 管理，管理部门middle management n. 中层管理人员senior management n. 高层管理人员managerial adj. 管理人员的，管理方面的manager n. 经理plant manager n. 工厂负责人line manager n. 基层负责人staff manager n. 部门经理助理management accounts n. 管理帐目matrix management n. 矩阵管理*management information system（MIS）n. 管理信息系统manning n. 人员配备manpower n. 劳动力manpower resources n. 劳动力资源manual adj. 体力的，人工的，蓝领的manufacture v. （用机器）制造manufacturer n. 制造者（厂、商、公司）manufacturing adj. 制造的manufacturing industry 制造业margin n. 利润gross margin n. 毛利率net margin n. 净利润mark-up v. 标高售价，加价market n. 市场；产品可能的销量down market adv./adj. 低档商品/地的up market adj./adv. 高档商品的/地marketing mix n. 综合营销策略，指定价、促销、产品等策略的配合market leader n. 市场上的主导公司*market niche n. 小摊位，专业市场的一个小部分1、国际贸易一般指不同国家的当事人进行的交易，它涉及到许多因素，因而此国内贸易要复杂得多。
英语本科自考【复习资料】05844国际商务英语(词汇部分 )
国际商务英语复习题库unit one International businessI .Translate the following words and expressions from English into Chinese.commercial risk 贸易风险opportunity cost 机会成本absolute advantage 绝对优势intellectual property 人才资源1.visible trade有形贸易2. credit inquiry信用调查3. letter of credit信用证4.balance of trade贸易顺差5.sales contract销售合同 6.bill of lading提单7.consular invoice领事发票8. draft汇票1.counter-offer 还盘2.firm-offer 实盘3.enquiry 询盘4.offeror 发盘人5. cooperative negotiation 合作谈判6.offer without engagement 虚盘7.acceptance 承兑1.insurance premium 保险费2.certificate of origin 原产地证书3.metric ton 公吨4. inland freight 内陆运费5. FOB Under T ackle FOB 吊钩下交货1. cost structure 费用结构2. cost of production 生产成本3.profit margin 利润率4. selling cost 销售费用1.liner transport 班轮运输2. sea waybill 海运提单3. shipper 托运人4. shipping marks 运输标志5. war risks 战争险6. natural calamity 自然灾害7.total loss 全损8. sue and labor expenses 施救费用1. promotion 促销2.international marketing 国内营销3.product differentiation 产品差异化4. sociocultural factors 社会文化因素5. market structure 市场结构1. financial instruments 金融工具2. crossing cheque 划线支票3. sight bill 即期票据4. commercial invoice 商业发票5. shipping documents 船运单据6. consular invoice 领事发票7. insurance policy 保单1.remitting bank 汇出行2. consignment 寄售3.D/P 即期付款交单4. D/A 承兑交单5. credit assessment 信用评估6. performance guarantee 履行合同保证金7. overdraft guarantee 账号透支保函1.export commodities fairs 出口商品交易会II. Translate the following words and expressions from Chinese into English.国际商务international business 商业借贷commercial credit 双重征税double taxation 世贸组9.trade barrier贸易壁垒10.tariff关税11.export trade出口贸易12.letter of credit信用证13. transit trade过境贸易14.entrepot trade转口贸易15.certificate of origin原产地证书8.询盘enquiry 9. 还盘counter-offer 10.受盘人offered 11.发盘人offeror 12.虚盘offer without engagement 13. 实盘firm-offer6. 技术转让technological transfer7.内河航运inland water transportation8. 贸易协定trade agreement5.支付货币money of payment6. 硬货币hard 6. 市场细分market segmentation7.营销战略marketing strategy8. 消费者行为customer behavior9. 营销组合marketing mix 10.营销环境marketing environment 11. 目标市场target market12.营销研究market research currency 7.汇率exchange rate 8. 折扣discount9.期货/现货市场spot market9. 物权凭证document of title 10. 清洁提单clean bill of lading 11. 投保人policy-holder 12. 共同海损general average 13. 水渍险WPA ( with particular average)8. 价格术语term of price 9. 本票promissory note 10. 背书endorsement 11. 承兑人acceptor12. 受票人drawee 13. 商业单据commercial documents 14.提单bill of lading 15. 原产地证明certificate of origin 16.海关发票customs invoice10. 保兑行confirming bank 11. 议付行negotiating bank 12. 国际保理international factoring13. 银行保函bank guarantee 14. 光票托收clean collection 15规格、明细单specificationIV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.31.AQSIQ is abbreviation for The General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局（简称国家质检总局）p29（卷一）32. international trade, also known as world trade or overseas trade, is the fair and deliberate exchange of goods and services across national boundaries.P1733 Balance of trade indicates the balance between the export value and the import value in a given period.P20（卷四）34.Incoterms is abbreviation for International Rules for the Interpretation of Trade Terms 国际贸易术语解释通则P21（卷二）35. A packing list is a document made out by the seller stating the detailed content of each individual shipment.P33 (卷三）IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.31.positional bargaining is based on fixed, opposing viewpoints and tends to result in compromise or no agreement at all 立场型谈判P46（卷一）32 Contract P65 A contract is an agreement that creates an obligation, which is a binding, legally enforceable agreement between two or more competent parties.33.offer with engagement P61 is the kind of offer, in which the offeror's intention of making a contract is definitely indicated, and under which the offeror cannot revoke or amend what he has offered during the validity of the offer.IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.FOB--- free on board (d port of shipment)CIF---P83 cost, insurance and freight (d port of destination) 成本加保险费加运费（指定目的港）CIP--- P89 carriage and insurance paid to (d place of destination)运费，保险费付至IV. Make brief explanations of the following terms or give the full name of the abbreviation in English.customs duties P112 are taxes imposed by a government on the import or export of products or services, whose cost factors must be taken into account by the exporter when he prices his products.（卷一）marginal cost P115 is the variable costs per unit of the production 边际成本，是增加一单位（output) 随即而产生的成本增加，其等于总成本的变化量除以对应产量的变化量。
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Lesson l International Business1.certificate of deposit 大额存单2. management contract 管理合同3.turnkey project “交钥匙”工程4.copyright 版权5．maturity 到期日 6.价值链value chain 7．承包生产contract manufacturing 8．特许经营者franchisee 9．国内生产总值gross domestic product 10.商标trademarkLesson 2 Income Level and the World Market1．GNP 国民生产总值2．Consumerism 消费主义 3 . factors of production 生产要素 4. purchasing power 购买力5．PPP 购买力平价 6.个市场的收人分布状况6. income distribution of a market 7．人均国内生产总值per capita GDP 8．经济合作与发展组织Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development 9．四方组合Quad 10.大路货staple goodsLesson 3 Regional Economic Integration1.political entity 政治实体2.OPEC 石油输出国组织3. settlement 结算4. council of ministers 部长理事会5．territory economies 区域性经济体 6.行政（执行）机构executive body 7．欧元euro 8．欧盟委员会European Commission 9．签字国，签字人signatory 10.关税税率tariff ratesLesson 4 Economic Globalization1.economic globalization 经济全球化2. technical improvements技术进步3．Inputs投入 4.headquarters总部5.parent company 母公司6．子公司affiliate 7．日常管理day-to-day running 8．国际经济环境international economic environment 9．跨国公司（企业）multinational corporation ( enterprise ) 10.职权jurisdiction Lesson 5 International Trade (I)1.international trade 国际贸易2. the theory of absolute advantage绝对利益理论3. nd and labor 资本、土地和劳动力4. with respect to关于5．appeal吸引力6．国际生产专门化international specialization 7．劳务services 9．比较利益comparative advantageLesson 6 International Trade (II)1.reasonable costs合理的成本2. inland water vessels内河船只3. cargo compartment货仓4.tariffs 关税5．customs union 关税同盟6．数量限制quantitative restrictions 7．外汇收入foreign exchange earnings 8.配额quota 9．关税减让tariff concessions 10.移民汇款immigrant remittanceLesson 7 Incoterms 20001．EDI 电子数据交换 2.Ex Work 工厂交货3．Free Carrier货交承运人4．CIF 成本、保险费加运费5．negotiable 可转让的，可流通的6．贸易术语trade terms 7．装运港船上交货FOB( Free on Board) 8．目的地，终点destination 9．无关税区customs-free zones 10.商业发票commercial invoicesLesson 8 The Business Contract1.offeree 收盘人2. sales confirmation．销售确认书3. binding obligations 约束性责任4. cotton piece goods棉布5．trunk call 长途电话6．报价quotation 7.仲裁arbitration 8．寄售合同consignment contract 9.购货合同9．purchase contract 10.书面谈判10. written negotiationLesson 9 Modes of Trade1.buyback 回购交易2. foreign exchange 外汇3. auction拍卖4．Creditor债权人 5. Volkswagen众汽车公司6.贸易方式modes of trade 7.反向购买，互购counter purchase 8.跨国界合同cross-border contract 9．代理agency 10.补偿贸易compensation tradeLesson 10 International Payment1. open account记账交易2. drawer出票人3. D/P at sight即期付款交单4.documentary draft跟单汇票5. consigment transaction寄售交易6．外汇管制foreign exchange control 7．远期付款交单D/P aft.er sight 8．受款人payee 9.汇率波动exchange rate fluctuations 10.光票clean draftLesson 11The Letter of Credit（ll）1．amendment修改2．negotiating bank 议付行 3. credit worthiness资信 4.carrying vessel运载船只5. legal action法律行动6．单价unit price 7．转船transshipment 8．信用证letter of credit 9．申请人applicant 10.保兑行confirming bankLesson 12 The Letter of Credit (lI)1.double assurance双重保障2. deferred payment推迟付款3.mechanism机制4. the maturity of the draft 汇票到期5．clean credit 光票信用证6．无汇票信用证non-draft credit 7．不可链讣信用证non-transferable credit 8．远期信用证usance credit 9．贴现discount 10.资金周转capital turnoverLesson 13 Major Documents Required in World Trade1.take delivery of提货2. port of shipment起运港，发货港3．notify party被通知人4．packing list 装箱单5．weight list重量单6．货运收据cargo receipt 7.收货人consignee 8．承运人carrier 9．单据documents 10.合法持有人legal holderLesson 14 International Transportation1.in a broad sense从广义上讲2. per-unit每一单位3. private carrier自有承运人4. logistics物流5. cost economies 节约成本（成本节约）6.契约承运人contract carrier 7．货物运输freight transportation 8．库存，存货inventory 9．生产率productivity 10.产品自然领域natural product provincesLesson 15 Insurance (l)1.Insured被保险人，保户，投保人2. handmaiden起服务（或辅助）作用的事物3. jeopardy危险，风险4. multi- modal transportation多种方式的运输5.known premium已知的保险费6．承保人insurer 7．保证margin 8．顾客client 9．共同款项pool 10.海上保险marine insuranceLesson 16 Insurance (ll)1.forwarding charges远期费用2. free from particular average平安险3. all risks一切险4．Pro rata按比例5．terms of sale 价格条件6．水渍险with particular average 7．导致损失的直接原因proximate cause of the loss 8．分摊contribution 9．可保权益insurable interest 10.最大诚信utmost good faithLesson 17 The International Monetary System and Exchange Rate1.the international monetary system国际货币体系2. direct quote直接标价3- flexible exchange rate浮动汇率 4. gold standard金本位制 5. special drawing right特别提款权6．买入价buying rate 7．利率interest rate 8.卖出价buying rate 9．通货膨胀inflation 10.国际收支平衡international balance of paymentLesson 18 International Financial Organizations1．hard loans硬贷款2．voting power 投票权3. development strategy发展策略 4. telecommunications电信5 . population-planning人口计划 6.私营经济private sector 7．借款权borrowing power 8．优惠期grace period 9．储备份额reserve tranche 10.股权投资equity investmentLesson 19 Foreign Direct Investment1．integrated company 综合公司2．supply factors供给方面的因素 3. distribution networks销售网 4. start from scratch白手起家5．after-sale service售后服务6．投资政策investment policies 7．外国直接投资foreign direct investment 8．并购acquisition 9．贸易壁垒trade barriers 10.营销优势marketing advantageLesson 20 The International Stock Exchange1．investor 投资者2．Jobber股票买卖经纪人3．indices 指数4.Equities普通股5- market maker证券交易商6．套期保值hedge 7．事业机构投资商institutional investors 8．所得税income tax 9．长期资本long-term capital 10.证券交易所stock exchangeLesson 21 The World Trade Organization and China1.non-discriminate 非歧视的2. GATT关贸总协定3．verdict裁决，判决 4. standard of living生活水平5．enforcement power 执行权6．最惠国条款most-favored nation clause 7．贸易保护措施protectionist measures 8.敏感产业sensitive industries 9．贸易赤字trade deficit 10.充分就业full employmentLesson 22 The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development1.preference优先权2. territory领土，领地3. transfer of technology技术转让4. industrialization process工业化进程5. international monetary system 国际货币体系6．联合国大会United Nations General Assembly 7．行动纲领action program 8.殖民地colony 9．机构organ 10.豁免条款escape clause全真模拟演练（一）1．correspondent bank 往来行，关系行2．tax holiday免税期3．gold tranche黄金份韧4．hyperinflation 极度通货膨胀5．negotiable transport document可转让装运单据6．bill of exchange汇票7．grace period 优惠期，宽限期8. preferential customs tariffs特惠税9．dirty float肮脏浮动10. endowment of nature自然的赋予11.关税减让tariff concession 12.从量税specific duties 13.贴现率discount rate 14.反补贴措施counter-veiling measures 15 .空运收据airway bill 16.差别待遇differential treatment 17.非关税壁垒non-tariff barrier 18.装船通知shipping advice 19.补偿贸易compensation trade 20.借款权borrowing power全真模拟演练（二）1．common market共同市场 2. certificate of origin产地证书3．business line业务范围 4. investment returns投资回报5．idle funds游资 6. cash in advance 预付现金7.title to the goods货物所有权8．direct quote直接标价9．trade terms贸易术语10. firm offer实盘11.分阶段付款periodic payments 12.价格条款price terms 13.跟单托收documentary collection 14.实际头寸net positions 15.大路货staple goods 16.结关customs clearance 17.唛头shipping marks 18.风险转移risk transfer 19.竞争性贬值competitive devaluation 20.起运港port of shipmentLesson l International Business1．国际贸易和国内贸易在法制体系、货币、文化背景和自然条件与经济条件方面都有所不同。