英语课程教学法复习笔记
第1章语言和语言学习
1.1复习笔记
第一章重点讨论语言观和语言学习观、优秀英语教师的基本素质以及如何成为一名优秀的英语教师。本
章要点：
1.How do we learn languages?
我们如何习得语言？
2.\^ews on language 语言观点
3.The structural view of language 结构主义语言理论
4.The functional view of language 功能主义语言理论
5.The interactional view of language 交互语言理论
6.What are the common views on language learning?
关于语言学习的普遍观点
7.process-oriented theories and condition-oriented theories 强调过程的语言学习理论和强调条件的语言学
习理论
8.The behaviorist theory 行为主义学习理论
9.Cognitive theory 认知学习理论
10.Constructivist theory 建构主义理论
11.Socio-constructivist theory 社会建构主义理论
12.What makes a good language teacher?
如何才能成为一个好的语言老师
13.Teacher’s professional development
教师专业技能发展本章考点：我们如何习得语言；我们如何习得语言；结构主义语言理论；功能主义语言理论；交互语言理论；关于语言学习的普遍观点；强调过程的语言学习理论和强调条件的语言学习理论；行为主义学习理论；认知学习理论；建构主义理论；社会建构主义理论；成为一个好的语言老师所要具备的基本素质；教师专业技能发展图本章内容索引：
I . How do we learn languages?
II.Views on language
1.The structural view of language
2.The functional view of language
3.The interactional view of language
III.Views on language learning and learning in general
1.The behaviorist theory
2.Cognitive theory
3.Constructivist theory
4.Socio-constructivist theory
IV.What makes a good language teacher?
V.How can one become a good language teacher?
VI. An overview of the book
physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receive, and the atmosphere. Some researchers attempt to formulate teaching approaches directly from these theories. For example, the Natural Approach, Total Physical Response, and the Silent Way are based on one or more dimensions of processes and conditions.
Some researchers attempt to formulate teaching approaches directly from these theories.
1.The behaviorist theory( Skinner)
a stimulus-response theory of psychology
Proposed by behavioral psychologist Skinner. He suggested that language is also a form of behavior. It can be learned the same way as an animal is trained to respond to stimuli. This theory of learning is referred to as behaviorism.
The key point of the theory of conditioning is that “you can train an animal to do anything (within reason) if you follow a certain procedure which has three major stages, stimulus, response, and reinforcement，，One influential result is the audio-lingual method, which involves endless ‘listen and repeat’ drilling activities. The idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repetition and the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised. This method is still used in many parts of the world today.
2.Cognitive theory( Noam Chomsky):
The term cognitive is to describe loosely methods in which students are asked to think rather than simply repeat.
A language learner acquires language competence which enables him to produce language.
Though Chomsky’s theory is not directly applied in language teaching, it has had a great impact on the profession.
One influential idea is that students should be allowed to create their own sentences based on their understanding of certain rules. This idea is clearly in opposition to the audio-lingual method.
3.Constructivist theory
The constructivist theory believes that learning is a process in which the learner constructs meaning based on his / her own experiences and what he / she already knows.
It is believed that education is used to develop the mind, not just to rote recall what is learned.
John Dewey believed that teaching should be built based on what learners already knew and engage learners in learning activities. Teachers need to design environments and interact with learners to foster inventive, creative, critical learners.
4.Socio-constructivist theory
Similar to constructivist theory, socio-constructivist theory represented by Vygotsky (1978) emphasises interaction and engagement with the target language in a social context based on the concept of ‘Zone of Proximal Development，(ZPD) and scaffolding. In other words, learning is best achieved through the dynamic interaction between the teacher and the learner and between learners.
质和实体语境，如学生的数量、氛围等。1.行为主义学习理论刺激-反应的心理理论由行为心理学家Skinner提出，他认为，语言也是一种行为，动物经过训练对刺激有反应，人类也可以一样。
一个有影响力的结果是听说法。
听说法提出以口语为中心，以句型或结构为纲的听说教学法的主张，教材用会话形式表述，强调模仿、强记固定短语并大量重复，极其重视语音的正确，尤其强调语调训练，广泛利用对比法、在对比分析母语与外语的基础上学习外语的难点，并在教学中有针对性地加以解决。
2.认知学习理论
认知法把语言学习看作是智力活动。认知法提出：任何语言里的句子都是无穷无尽的，人不可能学到每一个句子，但在学习的过程中，却能听懂和应用从未学过或见过的句子，这就是智力或语法在起作用。在教学中强调发挥智力的作用，让学生理解所学的材料，掌握语言的运用规律，强调有意义的操练活动。
3.建构主义理论
建构主义认为：学习过程是学习者依据自己头脑里已有的经验对学习进行主动的意义建构。
建构主义理论的内容很丰富，但其核心只用一句话就可以概括：以学生为中心，强调学生对知识的主动探索、主动发现和对所学知识意义的主动建构(而不是像传统教学那样，只是把知识从教师头脑中传送到学生的笔记上)。
4.社会建构主义理论
与建构主义理论相似，由Vygotsky社会建构主义理论强调在社会环境下与目的语言的交互作用和参与，它建立在最近发展区和支架概念的基础上。知识是学习者在丰富的社会文化情境中，通过与他人（教师、学生）的协商互动而主动建构的。
allowed us the opportunity to expand the original 14 units into 18 in order to include topics reflecting the recent development in English language teaching both at home and abroad, to revisit a number of areas, to expand and clarify points that we felt were not sufficiently clear in the first edition, and to improve the pedagogical usefulness of the text.
1.2课后习题详解
TASK1
Below is a list of interview questions on how people learn a foreign language. In the first column, write down your own responses. Then interview three other students in your class and enter their responses in the other columns. Discuss your
TASK 2
Work in groups of 4, brainstorm possible answers to the question: What is language? When you are ready, join another group and share your ideas.
Key: Here are sample definitions of “language ” found in dictionaries and linguistics books.
? Language is a system of arbitrary, vocal symbols which permit all people in a given culture, or other people who have learned the system of that culture, to communicate or to interact. (Finocchiaro, 1964:8)
? Language is any set or system of linguistic symbols as used in a more or less uniform fashion by a number of people who are thus enabled to communicate intelligibly with one another. (Random House Dictionary of the English Language 1966:806)
? Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for human communication. (Wardhaugh, 1972:3)
? Language is a systematic means of communicating ideas or feelings by the use of conventionalized signs, sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings. (Webster ’s 3rd New International Dictionary of the English Language 1993:1270)
? Language is a system of communication consisting of a set of small parts and a set of rules which decide the ways in which these parts can be combined to produce messages that have meaning. (Cambridge International Dictionary of English 1995:795)
TASK 3
Work in groups of 4. Brainstorm the answers to the two questions stated above. When you are ready, join another group and share your ideas.
Key: Generally speaking, psycholinguistic and cognitive process involved in language learning are concerned with how the mind organizes new information such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesis Resting and generalization. To activate these learning process, atmosphere is very important.
TASK 4
Work in groups. Reflect on your own learning experiences from early school years to the university. Have you had an excellent English teacher? Try to identify as many qualities as possible of your best English teacher(s). Note down all the qualities that you think are important for a good English teacher.
Key: ethic devotion(responsible, warm-hearted, etc), professional qualities(an excellent command of English) and personal styles(enthusiastic, humourous,etc) jointly contribute to making a good teacher.
TASK 5
Ethic devotion, professional qualities and personal styles jointly contribute to the making of a good English teacher. All the adjectives in the box below could be used to characterize these three aspects.
1.Work in groups of 4 and decide which adjectives describe ethic devotion, which describe personal styles and which describe professional qualities. Please write your answers on a separate piece of paper.
2.Add any adjectives to the list which describe farther qualities that you feel are missing.
3.These adjectives are intended to describe positive qualities or styles. Do you feel that any of them could have a negative side as well? If yes, in what way? For example, an authoritative teacher may make the students feel assured, but may also make the student less free to disagree with him / her.
kind; dynamic; authoritative; hardworking; creative; patient well-informed; fair resourceful; attentive; warm-hearted; reflective; well-prepared; flexible; intuitive accurate; enthusiastic; humourous; caring; disciplined; professionally-trained
Key: Students’
TASK 6
Work in pairs and discuss how one can become a professionally competent teacher of English. For example, we have to develop our English proficiency first and also we may need to learn from experienced teachers through observations. What else can you think of? Make a list and then pool all your ideas together to find out about your common beliefs.
Key: to learn teaching theory；to practice teaching skills；to reflect teaching experience；to learn from one’s own experiences as a learner.
TASK 7
Work in groups. Discuss possible answers to the following questions in relation to the model presented in Figure IA, _
1.Why are stage 1 and stage 2 interrelated by a double arrow line?
2.Why are practice and reflection connected by a circle?
3.Why is professional competence *a moving target or horizon, towards which professionals travel all their professional life
but which is never finally attained?5
4.Where should a TEFL methodology course fill in the model?
Figure 1.1
Key: 1. Stages 1 and 2 are interrelated by a double arrow line because neither of the two stages is really ever terminated. Teachers should always make a point of updating their command of English because language is always changing. This can be done while they are teaching, but very often teachers take off to have farther training in English. This is especially
important for teachers who do not have enough exposure to English.
2.Practice and reflection are connected by a circle because they are neither independent or separate sub-stages. Teachers do not teach one week and then reflect one week. Rather, they teach and reflect on a day to day basis.
3.This is because it is believed no one can ever become a perfectly competent language teacher. There is always room for improvement. There is always something better, but never something best.
4.TEFL methodology is probably the deceived knowledge” located in the second stage.
第2章交际教学原则与任雜语言教学
2.1复习笔记
本章着重讨论交际教学原则和任务型教学思想并介绍相关的教学基本概念以及交际教学和任务型教学活动。本章要点：
https://www.360docs.net/doc/047076906.html,nguage use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy 语言在日常生活中的使用与传统教学法
2.The differences between language used in real life and language taught in the classroom 日常生活语言与课堂语言
的不同
3.Definition of communicative competence and its five components 交际能力的定义和它的五个组成部分
4.Principles of Communicative Language Teaching 交际语言教学的原则
5.CLT and the teaching of language skills 交际语言教学与语言能力教学
6.Main features of communicative activities 交际活动的主要特点
7.Task-based Language Teaching 任务型语言教学
8.Four components of a task 任务的四个部分
9.PPP and Task-based Language Teaching 介绍，实践和产出与任务型语言教学的不同
10.The steps to design tasks?
设计任务的步骤
11.Appropriateness of CLT and TBLT in the Chinese context 交际语言教学的恰当性和中文环境的任务型语言教学
本章考点：
语言在日常生活中的使用与传统教学法；日常生活语言与课堂语言的不同；交际能力的定义和它的五个组成部分；交际语言教学的原则；交际语言教学与语言能力教学；交际活动的主要特点；任务型语言教学；任务的四个部分；介绍，实践和产出与任务型语言教学的不同；设计任务的步骤；交际语言教学的恰当性和中文环境的任务型语言教学本章内容索引：
I . Language use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy 1. The differences between language used
in real life and language taught in the classroom
II.What is communicative competence?
1.Definition of communicative competence
2.Five components of communicative competence
III.Implications for teaching and learning
IV.Principles of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT)
1.Principles
2.Weak and strong version of CLT
V.CLT and the teaching of language skills
VI.Main features of communicative activities
1.Six criteria for evaluating how communicative classroom activities VD.Task-based
Language Teaching (TBLT)
1.Definitions of a task
2.Four components of a task
3.Exercise, exercise-tasks and tasks
VM. PPP and Task-based Language Teaching
1.Presentation, Practice and Production (PPP)
2.Differences between PPP and TBL
IX.How to design tasks?
X.Appropriateness of CLT and TBLT in the Chinese context
1.Controversies and debates about CLT
2.Some potential constraints of TBLT
XI.Conclusion
Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) and Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT)
I . Language use in real life vs. traditional pedagogy 【考点：语言在日常生活中的使用与传统教学法；日常生活语言与课堂语言的不同】
The ultimate goal of foreign language teaching is to enable students to use the foreign language in work or life when necessary. Thus we should teach that part of the language that will be used (rather than all parts of the language); and we should teach language in the way it is used in the real world.
I.The differences between language used in real life and language taught in the classroom
(1)In real life, language is used to perform certain communicative functions.
e. g. to give directions, to exchange information, or to make a complaint,
In a traditional language classroom, the teaching focus is often on forms (structures and patterns) rather than functions.
(2)In real language use we use all skills, including receptive skills such as listening and reading, and productive skills such as speaking and writing.
For various reasons, traditional pedagogy tends to focus on one or two language skills and ignore the others.
(3)In reality language is always used in a certain context, but traditional pedagogy tends to isolate language from its context.
II.What is communicative competence?
【考点：交际能力的定义和它的五个组成部分】
To bridge the gap between classroom language teaching and real-life language use, one solution is to adopt of communicative language teaching The goal of CLT is to develop students，communicative competence.
1.Definition of communicative competence
Includes both the knowledge about the language and the knowledge about how to use the language appropriately in communicative situations.
Speakers not only have to know functional meaning of the language but also the social context where the message is given.
2.Five components of communicative competence (Hedge 2000)
Namely, linguistic competence, pragmatic competence, discourse competence, strategic competence, and fluency.
(1) Linguistic competence
concerned with knowledge of the language itself, its form and meaning，
I.语言在日常生活中的使用与传统教学法1.日常生活语言与课堂语言的不同
(1)日常语言用来执行交际功能，课堂语言更注重语言的形式(结构和模式）而非功能。
(2)在日常语言中，人们会使用所有的语言能力，包括听读类的接受能力和说写之类的产出能力，而课堂语言只注重一两种能力忽视其他的技能。
(3)日常语言有真实的语言环境，而课堂语言把语言与其语言环境分离开来。
II.什么是交际能力
1.交际能力
语言能力既包括语言知识能力，也包括如何在交际环境中使用语言的能力。
2.交际能力的五个组成部分
(1)语言能力：会使用语言知识，包括形式与意义
英语教学法教程教案(王蔷)
英语教学法教程教案 A Course in English Language Teaching 主讲：姚向礼 教材：《英语教学法教程》 主编：王蔷 出版社：高等教育出版社 绪论外语教学法主要流派 Teaching approaches & Methods Approaches & methods of Language Teaching 众说纷纭，现以学习理论作为分类标准，将学派分为认知性的，连接性的和综合性的三大类。并简介翻译教学法，自然教学法，直接教学法，认知教学法，功能教学法，在这之前首先概述一下拉丁语教学法、。 ①拉丁语教学法，指（15-16世纪）为欧洲语言的极盛时期，学校里教授作为外语之拉丁语的直觉模仿法。它在（15——16世纪）为语法模仿法：16世纪末到17世
纪，由于民族语渗入学校，拉丁语教学法主要为词汇模仿法。先后提出了自觉性原则和直观性原则。这一时期的两大代表人物①惜提哈（ratch1571-163500））②夸美纽斯教学法Conienius(1592_1670) ①德国论点是通过经验与分析去学习一切。认为只从理论途径得到的记忆才是可 靠的。词汇翻译法，自觉对比法，认真教学法。 二、联结性的教学法学派 特点：经验主义的哲学观点；重视外语话语与实物，观念，概念等外部世界与思维的直接联系；侧重口头操练。 自然教学法（绝对排斥本族语的教学法） 直接教学法（自然教学法发展起来的）（一种习惯） 听说教学法 视听教学法 功能教学法（又名意念法，交际法或意念——功能—交际法 三、综合性的教学法学派，来源于直接法与翻译的综合 自觉实践法 折衷法（又是极端） 分阶段教学法 一、语法翻译法(Translation Method) The grammar translation Method(Reading Method ,classical Method ).In China, it is called old method and is probably the most widely known and has been the most widely used of all approaches to language teaching .Although there have been many developments in language teaching, especially in the teaching foreign language ,grammar-translation method in still used today in various forms .And the main drill in translation. The mains features are as the followings. 1.Classes are taught in the mother tongue,with little active use of the target lauguage. 2.Much vocabulary is taught in the form of lists of isofated words. 3.Long elaborate explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given. 4.Little attention explanations of the intricacies of grammar are given. 5.Often the only drills are exercises in translation disconnecfecl sentences from the target language into the mother tongue. 6.little or no attention is given to pronunciation. 希腊文、拉丁文、通过翻译来学习外语。 认为背诵文法规则是学习外语的捷径，使用的课本，开始是孤立的单词和孤立的语法例句，都是从希腊文和拉丁文的名著里摘引出来的。 Advontedges： 1.在外语教学里创建了翻译的教学形式； 2.在外语教学里利用文法、利用学生的理解力，以提高外语教学的效果； 3.着重阅读，着重学习原文或原文文学名著； 4.使用方便。只要教师掌握了外语的基本知识，就可以拿着外语课本教外语，不需要什么教具和设备。 Disadvanfudges： 1.忽视口语教学。在教学里没有抓住语言的本质； 2.忽视语音和语调的教学； 3.过分强调翻译，单纯通过翻译手段教外语，不利于培养学生用外语进行交际的能力，易使学生在使用外语时对翻译有依赖性；
英语课程教学法复习笔记
第1章语言和语言学习 1.1复习笔记 第一章重点讨论语言观和语言学习观、优秀英语教师的基本素质以及如何成为一名优秀的英语教师。本 章要点： 1.How do we learn languages? 我们如何习得语言？ 2.\^ews on language 语言观点 3.The structural view of language 结构主义语言理论 4.The functional view of language 功能主义语言理论 5.The interactional view of language 交互语言理论 6.What are the common views on language learning? 关于语言学习的普遍观点 7.process-oriented theories and condition-oriented theories 强调过程的语言学习理论和强调条件的语言学 习理论 8.The behaviorist theory 行为主义学习理论 9.Cognitive theory 认知学习理论 10.Constructivist theory 建构主义理论 11.Socio-constructivist theory 社会建构主义理论 12.What makes a good language teacher? 如何才能成为一个好的语言老师 13.Teacher’s professional development 教师专业技能发展本章考点：我们如何习得语言；我们如何习得语言；结构主义语言理论；功能主义语言理论；交互语言理论；关于语言学习的普遍观点；强调过程的语言学习理论和强调条件的语言学习理论；行为主义学习理论；认知学习理论；建构主义理论；社会建构主义理论；成为一个好的语言老师所要具备的基本素质；教师专业技能发展图本章内容索引： I . How do we learn languages? II.Views on language 1.The structural view of language 2.The functional view of language 3.The interactional view of language III.Views on language learning and learning in general 1.The behaviorist theory 2.Cognitive theory 3.Constructivist theory 4.Socio-constructivist theory IV.What makes a good language teacher? V.How can one become a good language teacher? VI. An overview of the book
自考英语教学法知识点总结
自考英语教学法知识点总结
自考英语教学法知识点总结： 中学英语教学指导思想：是对中学英语教学的总体科学认识，包括对教学目的，教学路子的认识以及科学观，学习观，教学观等。 智力因素主要包括：思维力，记忆力，想象力，观察力，注意力等。非智力因素包括：动机，兴趣，情感，意志，性格等。 语言是指语言系统，也就是语音，词汇，语法系统。 言语是指人们使用语言所进行的表示和理解的话语活动，也就是说听，说，读，写活动。 教学路子指的是达到教学目的基本途径或总路线，包括成体系的教学法。 语感是指学习者对语言信息的敏锐感知和理解，是自动化的意识活动。教学基本原则是教学指导思想的组成部分，是指导思想的具体化，条理化，在中学英语教学法科学体系中占有重要的地位。 语法是对语言的一般描述，主要是对其组织原则的理论描述, ______学，句法学，词汇学，语义学。 “双规”化简就是运用语音规则，把大量的表面看起来相当复杂的词的读音和拼写化繁为简，化难为易。 句型也叫句式，是从口语和书面语的无数实际句子中概括出来的句子模型或模式，句型是有代表性的，常见性的。 分析性听：是指在听的活动中有明显的语言分析，另外是指把听的材料分析为各个语言层次，让学生分步听，进行听的基本功训练。 综合性听：是指在听的活动中无明显的语言分析而直接达到对内容的理解，也指在听力基本功训练基础上所进行的整篇成文的听的练习。 话语结构就是说话的套路，说的各句子之间的联系规律。
泛读就是广泛地阅读，大量地阅读，快速地阅读。 默读泛指一切不出声地读，默读既包括不出声地“声读”，也包括直接理解文字地“视读”。 实行纵式阅读：真正的默读一般都是快速阅读，在阅读过程中，人的目光主要表现为上下移动，因而阅读有慢速的横向或横式转变为纵向或纵式。 写的含义：在教学中写有两个方面的含义，一是书写或书法，包括字母，单词，句子，标点符号，国际音标的正确写法；二是写作，即笔头表示，如作文，写信，写日记等。 心理控制法：即惊异，悬念，满足。 密度：指单位时间所授教学内容。 广度：这包括两个方面，一是学生的活动面要广，二是教学内容所涉及的面要广。 深度：就是课堂教学内容要有一定的难度。 灵活度：指在练习中学生所表现的理解的多层次程度和表示的多样化程度。 独立度：指教师指导的程度和学生独立的程度。 测试：主要是用来了解，检查和鉴定学习者掌握英语的实际水平的一种手段。 资质倾向测试：是指对学习者的天赋的测定，目的在于了解被测者今后学习外语时是否具有些较强的潜在的学习能力。 诊断测试：目的在于了解被测者在外语学习上的困难或缺陷或发现讲授上的薄弱环节，以便采取相应的补救措施。 综合性测试：目的在于测定被测者的语言知识和言语技能综合运用的能
英语教学法教程选择填空
Unit 1 一，Views on language： 1、Structural view （language competence）结构主义语言观 —The founder：Saussure，lasen freeman&long —The structural view of language sees language as a linguistic system made up of various subsystems：1、the sound system（phonology）2、sound combinations（morphology）the discrete units of meaning 3、the system of combining units of meaning for communication（syntax） —The structural view limits knowing a language to knowing its structural rules and vocabulary 2 、Functional view功能主义语言观 —Representative：Johnson、marrow、swain canal (the core: grammar) —The function view not only sees language as a linguistic system but also a means for doing things功能不仅认为语言是一个语言系统,但也做事情的一种方式 —Learners learn a language in order to be able to doing things with it Use the linguistic structure to express functions 3、Interactional view 交互语言观（communicative competence） —Emphasis：appropriateness —Language is a communicative tool，which main use is to build up and maintain social relations between people —Learners need to know the rules for using the language in certain context 二，View on language learning语言学习观 1.Process-oriented theories:强调过程are concerned with how the mind organizes new information such as habit formation, induction, making inference, hypothesis testing and generalization. 2.Condition-oriented theories: 强调条件emphasize the nature of the human and physical context in which language learning takes place, such as the number of students, the kind of input learners receives, and the atmosphere. 3.Behavioristtheory,(Skinner and waston raynor) A the key point of the theory of conditioning is that” you can train an animal to do anything if yo u follow a certain procedure which has three major stages, s timulus, response, and reinforcemen t B the idea of this method is that language is learned by constant repletion and the reinforcement of the teacher. Mistakes were immediately corrected, and correct utterances were immediately praised. 4.Cognitive theory:Chomsky)thinks that language is not a form of behavior,it is an intricate rule-based system a nd a large part of language acquisition is the learning of this system.There are a fin ite number of grammatical rules in the system and with knowledge of these an infinite number of sentences can be produced. 5.Constructivist theory:(John Dewey)the constructivist theory believes that learning is a proces in which the learner constructs meaning based on his/her own experiences and what he/he r already knows 6.Socio-constructivist theory: (Vygotsky) he emphasizes interaction and engagement with the tar get language in a social context based on the concept of “Zone of Proximal Development” (Z
英语教学法期末复习资料
（开放专科）英语教学法期末复习资料 Ⅰ. Choose the best answer Directions: In this part, you are given ten questions which are followed by 4 choices marked A, B, C and D. Read the choices carefully and choose the one that can best answer the question. 1. Which of the following is characteristic of children in learning a foreign language? A. They pay more attention to meaning than to form. B. They have a clear purpose in learning a foreign language. C. They can monitor their own learning. D. They can concentrate for a long time in class. 2. Which of the following is focused on writing? A. Labeling pictures according to their contents. B. Sequencing the pictures according to the story. C. Matching the pictures with the headings. D. Commenting on the pictures. 3. Which of the following activities helps train logical thinking best*. A. Story telling. B. Finding patterns. C. Interviewing. D. Mind mapping. 4. Which of the following should we examine if we want to assess the students' intrapersonal intelligence? A. Performance in a discussion. B. Posters. C. Learning diaries. D. Performance in an interview. 5. What does the following practise? I want you to send ^ it out in ^ a minute. I have collected a ^ lot^ of monkey stamps. A. Stress. B. Intonation. C. Pronunciation. D. Liaison. 6. Which of the following can help to present A. Realia. B. Miming. C. Examples. D. Pictures. 7. What strategy does "creating a situation for students to use the words" help to train? A. Association. B. Association. C. Contextualization. D. Collocation. 8. Which of the following activities can be used at the practice stage of vocabulary instruction? A. Completion exercises. B. Reading to discover the meaning of words. C. Cross-word puzzles. D. Teacher explaining the usage of words. 9. Which of the following is a communication activity? A. Bingo. B. Information transfer. C. Substitution. D. Twenty questions. 10. Which of the following can train oral proficiency? A. Flow chart dialogue. B. Distant dictation. C. Sequencing pictures. D. Labeling pictures. 11. Which of the following activities help to train reading? A. Drawing according to oral instructions. B. Designing praising cards.
自考 外语教学法第一章课后附答案
第一章 1-What are the function and result of the two controversies in ancient Greece? 古希腊两个著名论争的功能和结果? One controversy was between the naturalists and the conventionalists. The naturalists argued that the form of words reflected the nature of objects. The conventionalists thought that language was conventional and there was no logic connection between form and meaning of words. The other controversy was between the analogiata and the anomalists on the regularities of language. The analogists claimed language was regular and there were rules for people to follow. The anomalists maintained there were no rules . Their debate roused people’s interest in language and led them to the detailed study of Greek. The direct result was the appearance of a book of Greek grammar. 2 What are the main features of traditional linguistics? 传统语言学的主要特征 Traditional Linguistics was practical in nature. People made a study of language in order to read classic works. Traditional linguists believed that the written form of language was superior to spoken form. They tried to set up principles and standards for people to use language correctly. 3-What are the contributions made by Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield to the development of American structuralism? Franz Boas, Edward Sapir and Leonard Bloomfield对美国结构主义发展的贡献
王蔷主编的《英语教学法教程》第二版-unit1
Unit 1 Language and Language Learning Aims of the unit In this unit we will discuss some general matters about language learning and teaching. We are going to discuss five questions on particular: 1.How do we learn language 2.What are the common views on language 3.What are the common views on language learning 4.What are the qualities of a good language teacher 5.How can one become a good language teacher 1.1How do we learn languages Mach of human behavior is influenced by their experiences. The way language teachers teach in the classroom is to some extent influenced by the way they learned languages. This is especially true in foreign language teaching. Before we discuss language learning theories, let us first reflect on our own language learning experience. Task 1 Below is a list of interview questions on how people learn a foreign language. In the first column, write down your own responses. Then interview three other students in your class and enter their responses in the other columns. Discuss your findings in group of 4 and draw some conclusion.
自考外语教学法第三章练习
《外语教学法》第三章练习 1. According to the Direct Method, every language has _______ structure. A. similar B. its own C. co-related D. the same 2. The Direct Method _______ the similarities between the first language acquisition and second language learning. A. is against B. overemphasizes C. draws on D. pays no attention to 3. Advocates of the Direct Method consider students' mother tongue as _______ system in learning the second language. A. an interfering B. a helping C. an integrating D. a similar 4. ______ can be introduced as a means of consolidation and evaluation in the Direct Method. A. Reading B. Listening C. Speaking D. Writing 5. The first Berlitz School was established in（） A. 1778 B. 1828 C. 1878 D. 1928 6. In the Direct Method,（）communicative skills are regarded as basic. A. visual B. non-verbal C. written D. oral 7. The Direct Method was developed in the（）century. A. late 18th B. early19th C. late 19th D. early 20th 8. New teaching points are introduced（）in the Direct Method classrooms. A. orally B. in the written form C. in discourse contexts D. in socical contexts 9. All of the following principles reflect the influence of structural linguistics and behaviourist psychology in language teaching except that . A. language is speech, not writing
(完整)小学英语教学法教程第二版期末复习知识点,推荐文档.docx
《小学英语教学法教程》期末复习知识点 Unit1 children as language learners 1、How do children acquire their first language in general?（p2） By imitations 、repetitions 、listening to stories ...... Discussion point : language learning is a socializing process,interaction and experimenting with the language in communication are important ways for language learning 2、What are the differences and similarities between learning L1 and L2?(p6 D:the length of time 、 opportunities for experimenting with language S:Rich context and input ,opportunities for using the language ,interaction with others ,etc.are important in learning any languages . 3、Children ’s characteristics/suggestions for teachers(p10) 4、Ways to nurture children ’s motivation (p11 五点会判断即可 ) 5、P12 discussion point 、p20 1.5.1 (理解、会判断即可 ) 6、How do you understand humanistic education?(p21-22 ) Humanistic education requires teachers to treat children as human beings who have their own thoughts and needs.Teachers should never try to force their ideas into children ’s minds and should always try to think the same level as children. Discussion point : Children need to learn to try new languages and
英语教学法教程-王蔷主编
总目标是使学生在义务教育阶段英语学习的基础上，进一步明确英语学习的目的，发展自主学习和合作学习的能力；形成有效的英语学习策略；培养学生的综合语言运用能力。综合语言运用能力的形成建立在语言技能、语言知识、情感态度、学习策略和文化意识等素养整合发展的基础上。语言技能和语言知识是综合语言运用能力基础。情感态度是影响学生学习和发展的重要因素。学习策略是提高学习效率、发展自主学习能力的先决条件。文化意识则是得体运用语言的保障，这五个方面共同促进综合语言运用能力的形成。 Principles of communicative language teaching（CLT） Communication principle：activities that involve real communication promote learning Task principle：activities in which language is used for carrying out meaningful taskspromote learning Meaningfulness principle: language that is meaningful to the learner supports the learning process Listening and speaking skills need to be refined in terms of the real communicative use，Students should have the chance to listen to and produce what is meaningful, authentic, unpredictable, and creative if possible. Reading is extract meaning or information and the learning of grammar and vocabulary is to facilitate the process Writing：In CLT, students have the chance to write to express their own feelings or describe their own experiences, thus making the practice of writing meaningful and authenticLanguage content (to incorporate functions); CLT just has only expanded the areas Learning process (cognitive style and information processing); and Product (language skills). Task-based Language Teaching (TBLT) Task-based Language teaching is, in fact, a further development of Communicative Language Teaching. It shares the same beliefs, as language should be learned as close as possible to how it is used in real life. It has stressed the importance to combine for m-focused teaching with communication-focused teaching Four components of a task A purpose: making sure the students have a reason for undertaking the task. If the students don't understand why they undertake the task, they will lost interest and the task will face failure. A context: the task can be real, simulated or imaginary, and involves sociolinguistic issues, such as the location, the participants and their relationships, the time and other important factors. A process: getting the students to use learning strategies such as problem solving reasoning, inquiring, conceptualizing and communicating. A product: there will be some form of outcome, either visible (a written plan, a play, a letter. etc.) or invisible (enjoying a story, learning about another country, etc.） The PPP Model & The 5-step teaching method 3p：Step I. Presentation Step II. Practice Step III. Production 5-step Model：Step I. Revision Step II. Presentation Step II. Presentation Step IV. Practice Step V. Consolidation Differences between PPP and TBL：1.The way students use and experience language in TBL is radically different from PPP 2.TBL can provide acontent for grammar teaching and form-focused activities.PPP is different in this aspect. Steps of designing a tasks：
自考外语教学法之认知法
认知 Discuss in your own words the four principles of cognitivism formulated by Diller. The Cognitive Approach holds that learning a language is a process of acquiring _mental_________control of the phonological, grammatical and lexical patterns of a second language, largely through study and analysis of these patterns as a body of knowledge. What is language in Chomsky’s opinion? Both the generative transformational and cognitive theories have recognized a ______ as an orderly system of rules which a learner can consciously acquire by study methods. What is the attitude of the Cognitive Approach towards mistakes in the language learning process? What are the focuses of classroom teaching in the Cognitive Approach? The Cognitive Approach insists that learning should be _______.
《英语教学法》期末考试A卷 BB
▆ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ▆ 《英语教学法》 试卷 共2页（第 1 页） 答案务必写在答题纸上，否则不得分，超出黑色边框区域的答案无效！ ▆ 《英语教学法》期末考试A 卷 开卷 考试时间90分钟，答题卡作答 姓名： 专业： 学号： 学习中心： 缺考标记，考生禁填！ □ 成绩： 一、名词解释（答案务必写在答题纸上，40分） 1. 教学资源 答：教学资源是为教学的有效开展提供的素材等各种可被利用的条件，通常包括教材、案例、影视、图片、课件等，也包括教师资源、教具、基础设施等，广义也应该涉及到教育政策等内容。 2. 英语写作策略 答：是学生学习英语和培养语言能力的主要内容,教师应充分利用教材内容,由浅入深,由简到繁,指导学生进行多种形式的写作训练. 3. 教学设计 答：是根据课程标准的要求和教学对象的特点，将教学诸要素有序安排，确定合适的教学方案的设想和计划。一般包括教学目标、教学重难点、教学方法、教学步骤与时间分配等环节。 4. 发现式教学法 答：亦称假设法和探究法，这是一种基于问题学习的教学方法，是指教师在学生学习概念和原理时，不是将学习的内容直接提供给学生，而是向学生提供一种问题情境，只是给学生一些事实（例）和问题，让学生积极思考，独立探究，自行发现并掌握相应的原理和结论的一种方法。 二、论述题（答案务必写在答题纸上，30分） 1. PWP 教学过程的本质特征是什么？ 答：英语阅读教学中的PWP 过程指的是将整个学习过程分为学习前（pre-learning ）、学习中（while-learning ）和学习后（post-learning ）三个阶段。PWP 模式简洁实用,对促进教师的＂教＂与学生的＂学＂有很大作用。关键是在新课标下如何运用 PWP 来整合课程内容资源,使阅读教学简约高效。 2. 英语教学中如何进行教材的整合。请举例说明。 答：人教版《普通高中课程标准实验教科书》中每一个模块的每个单元都围绕一个主要话题开展听、说、读、写活动，各个部分的教学目标明确，不分课次和顺序，方便教师根据教学的实际情况灵活使用教材。在实际教学中，教师可以充分抓住教材的话题功能这一特点，对教材进行适当的整合，以学生以往的学习经验和知识为基础，恰到好处地对教学目标进行调试，对教学方法进行设计，从而使学生获得更大的学业进步。教材整合有利于教师因材施教，提高学生的学习效率，体现学生为主体、教师为主导的课堂教学方式，同时还可以开发教学资源，使教学具有灵活性、开放性和拓展性，方便学生更好地发挥潜能，提高教师的课程意识和专业素养，从而提高整体教学效果。 1文献综述 在知网查询了相关资料发现：董艳丽在英语教学设计中如何整合教材中，主要讲述了英语较教材模块之间的整合以及教材整合的原则;周金妹在教材整合在初中英语教学中的运用中提出，教材英语教学内容、学生学情相整合;林华英在整合英语教材，提高教学实效中，从宏观上提出了教材整合的策略;梁银碧在整合教材给学生轻松英语课堂中提出从学生的角度进行教材的整合。笔者认为，教材整合不单单是单元模块间的整合，还应该是一学期的教材整合，学年与学年间教材的整合，还应考虑小学、初中、高中教材的衔接性问题，并根据地区间差异进行教材整合。 2教材整合 2.1教材整合概念的提出 在2011年义务教育英语课程标准中提出教材整合的概念，其指出：“教材是实现教学目标的重要材料和手段，教师要善于根据教学的需要，对教材加以适当的取舍和调整。” 2.2教材整合的必要性 教材整合可以提高学生的学习效率。兴趣是最好的老师，如果在教学过程中教师只按照教材内容的顺序传授知识不进行相关补充，很可能会导致学生丧失学习兴趣，并影响学生学习的主观能动性。教师合理地对教材进行调整、扩展 、重新组合，在调动学 生兴趣的前提下，挖掘教材深层次的的内涵，这样会激发学生学习兴趣，并且有效提高学生的学习效率和学习的积极性。 教材整合可以帮助学生形成一套英语学习体系。在传统教学中，教师注重知识的传授，并不注重学生的创造性思维的发展和逻辑思维能力的培养，如果在教学过程中教师对教材进行整体把握，重难点分明，可能训练学生的逻辑思维能力，并生成由易到难，由简入繁的学习体系。 教材整合有利于激发学生学习的主动性。我们的教学活动的中心就是学生，学生是学习的主体，以学生的需求、兴趣、爱好进行重组教材并在教学过程中了解学生的需要，学习中困惑点，以此来扩展调整教材可以让学生投入到课堂中来，提高学生学习的主动性，让每个学生都有所收获，使学生得到全面的发展，对英语学习充满激情和活力。 2.3教材整合的主要策略 分析教材，找到本套教材的重难点，列出框架体系。教师在拿到教材之后首先应根据课程标准对教材进行分析，找出本学期教学的重难点。如人教版七年级上册英语课本，本册英语教材只涉及浅显的语言知识点，与学生的生活息息相关。因此，教师在教学过程中要重视学生的学习能力和培养学生逻辑思维能力和学习习惯，此外还应根据学生的真实生活进行教学，培养学生对英语的学习兴趣。 适当的补充或延伸。我们处于信息网络时代，要善于运用网络资源，对教材资源进行补充和延伸。例如在必修3 unit1 Festivals in the world ，在本单元导入之前可以在网上查阅世界各地的节日传统，让学生了解更多的西方文化知识，扩大他们的知识层面，达到英语教学的效果。 适当的删减或替换。对于教材中不太适合的内容，在进行教学设计时要依据学生的认知规律，进行替换和删减。如果全部照搬教材，学生会产生畏惧或厌倦的情绪，因此教师在备课时应经过严密思考，在不影响基本教学的情况下，替换和删减不符合学生的生活实际的内容。如在讲授冠词a/an 的用法时，如果只讲授语法必然会很枯燥，因此我们在对教学内容进行整合时，可以对教材