消费品安全改进法案简要
美国消费品安全改进法案
美国消费品安全改进法案美国消费品安全改进法案是一项旨在保护消费者免受不安全产品伤害的重要立法措施。
该法案的主要目标是确保消费者在使用各类消费品时的安全性，并提供有效的监管机制来管理和处置不合格产品。
该法案包括以下几个关键内容：1. 产品标准要求：根据不同类别的消费品，制定相应的产品标准。
这些标准涵盖了从电器、儿童玩具到食品和药品等各个领域。
标准除了包括产品的基本功能和质量要求外，还强调了安全性的重要性。
同时，对于容易造成危险的产品，还会特别制定更为严格的标准。
2. 检测和评估机制：为确保产品符合相关标准，消费品安全改进法案建立了一个健全的检测和评估机制。
这包括建立实验室用于测试产品的性能和安全性，并定期进行检查和评估。
对于未通过检测的产品，相关企业将被要求进行改进或下架，以避免给消费者造成损害。
3. 举报和追责制度：该法案还设立了消费者举报和追责制度。
消费者可以通过举报系统向相关机构举报不合格产品或商家的不良行为。
同时，对于存在违规行为的企业，相关机构将采取制裁措施，包括罚款、产品召回以及企业信用的限制等。
这将有效地保护消费者的权益，促进市场的公平竞争。
4. 教育和宣传活动：为提升公众对于消费品安全的认知，该法案还鼓励进行相关的教育和宣传活动。
这包括在学校、社区和媒体等渠道传播安全使用消费品的知识和技巧，以提高消费者自我保护能力。
消费品安全改进法案的实施对于美国的消费者来说具有重要意义。
它能够确保市场上的消费品质量和安全，防止不符合标准的产品流入市场。
通过加强监管和追责，该法案有助于减少消费者因使用不安全产品而遭受的伤害，并维护了公众的利益和信心。
同时，该法案也促进了企业之间的竞争，推动了整个市场的健康发展。
总的来说，消费品安全改进法案在提升消费者福祉和保护他们的权益方面起到了非常重要的作用。
消费品安全改进法案（Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act，CPSIA）是美国国会于2008年通过并于同年12月法案的一项综合性消费品安全立法。
CPSIA美国消费品安全改进法案
PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY IMPROVEMENT ACT OF 2008122 STAT. 3016 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008Public Law 110–314110th CongressAn ActTo establish consumer product safety standards and other safety requirements for children’s products and to reauthorize and modernize the Consumer ProductSafety Commission.Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE; TABLE OF CONTENTS. (a) S HORT T ITLE .—This Act may be cited as the ‘‘Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008’’. (b) T ABLE OF C ONTENTS .—The table of contents for this Act is as follows:Sec. 1.Short title; table of contents. Sec. 2.References. Sec. 3.Authority to issue implementing regulations.TITLE I—CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY Sec.101.Children’s products containing lead; lead paint rule. Sec.102.Mandatory third party testing for certain children’s products. Sec.103.Tracking labels for children’s products. Sec.104.Standards and consumer registration of durable nursery products. beling requirement for advertising toys and games. Sec.106.Mandatory toy safety standards. Sec.107.Study of preventable injuries and deaths in minority children related to consumer products. Sec.108.Prohibition on sale of certain products containing specified phthalates.TITLE II—CONSUMER PRODUCT SAFETY COMMISSION REFORM Subtitle A—Administrative ImprovementsSec.201.Reauthorization of the Commission. Sec.202.Full Commission requirement; interim quorum; personnel. Sec.203.Submission of copy of certain documents to Congress. Sec.204.Expedited rulemaking. Sec.205.Inspector general audits and reports. Sec.206.Industry-sponsored travel ban. Sec.207.Sharing of information with Federal, State, local, and foreign government agencies. Sec.208.Employee training exchanges. Sec.209.Annual reporting requirement.Subtitle B—Enhanced Enforcement AuthoritySec.211.Public disclosure of information. Sec.212.Establishment of a public consumer product safety database. Sec.213.Prohibition on stockpiling under other Commission-enforced statutes. Sec.214.Enhanced recall authority and corrective action plans. Sec.215.Inspection of firewalled conformity assessment bodies; identification of supply chain. Sec.216.Prohibited acts. Sec.217.Penalties. Sec.218.Enforcement by State attorneys general. Sec.219.Whistleblower protections. Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008. Commerce and trade. 15 USC 2051 note. Aug. 14, 2008[H.R. 4040]122 STAT. 3017 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008Subtitle C—Specific Import-Export ProvisionsSec.221.Export of recalled and non-conforming products.Sec.222.Import safety management and interagency cooperation.Sec.223.Substantial product hazard list and destruction of noncompliant importedproducts.Sec.224.Financial responsibility.Sec.225.Study and report on effectiveness of authorities relating to safety of im-ported consumer products.Subtitle D—Miscellaneous Provisions and Conforming AmendmentsSec.231.Preemption.Sec.232.All-terrain vehicle standard.Sec.233.Cost-benefit analysis under the Poison Prevention Packaging Act of 1970.Sec.234.Study on use of formaldehyde in manufacturing of textile and apparel ar-ticles.Sec.235.Technical and conforming changes.Sec.236.Expedited judicial review.Sec.237.Repeal.Sec.238.Pool and Spa Safety Act technical amendments.Sec.239.Effective dates and Severability.SEC. 2. REFERENCES.(a) D EFINED T ERMS.—As used in this Act—(1) the term ‘‘appropriate Congressional committees’’ meansthe Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Rep-resentatives and the Committee on Commerce, Science, andTransportation of the Senate; and(2) the term ‘‘Commission’’ means the Consumer ProductSafety Commission.(b) C ONSUMER P RODUCT S AFETY A CT.—Except as otherwiseexpressly provided, whenever in this Act an amendment isexpressed as an amendment to a section or other provision, thereference shall be considered to be made to a section or otherprovision of the Consumer Product Safety Act (15 U.S.C. 2051et seq.).SEC. 3. AUTHORITY TO ISSUE IMPLEMENTING REGULATIONS.The Commission may issue regulations, as necessary, to imple-ment this Act and the amendments made by this Act.TITLE I—CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETYSEC. 101. CHILDREN’S P RODUCTS CONTAINING LEAD; LEAD P AINTRULE.(a) G ENERAL L EAD B AN.—(1) T REATMENT AS A BANNED HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE.—Except as expressly provided in subsection (b) beginning onthe dates provided in paragraph (2), any children’s product(as defined in section 3(a)(16) of the Consumer Product SafetyAct (15 U.S.C. 2052(a)(16))) that contains more lead than thelimit established by paragraph (2) shall be treated as a bannedhazardous substance under the Federal Hazardous SubstancesAct (15 U.S.C. 1261 et seq.).(2) L EAD LIMIT.—(A) 600 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided in subparagraphs (B), (C), (D), and (E), beginning 180 days after the date of enactment of this Act, the lead limit referred to in paragraph (1) is 600 parts per million total lead content by weight for any part of the product.(B) 300 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided by subparagraphs (C), (D), and (E), beginning on the date Effective dates.15 USC 1278a.15 USC 2051 note.15 USC 2051 note.122 STAT. 3018 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act,the lead limit referred to in paragraph (1) is 300 partsper million total lead content by weight for any part ofthe product.(C) 100 PARTS PER MILLION.—Except as provided in Applicability.subparagraphs (D) and (E), beginning on the date thatis 3 years after the date of enactment of this Act, subpara-graph (B) shall be applied by substituting ‘‘100 parts permillion’’ for ‘‘300 parts per million’’ unless the Commissiondetermines that a limit of 100 parts per million is nottechnologically feasible for a product or product category.The Commission may make such a determination onlyafter notice and a hearing and after analyzing the publichealth protections associated with substantially reducinglead in children’s products.(D) A LTERNATE REDUCTION OF LIMIT.—If the Commis-sion determines under subparagraph (C) that the 100 partsper million limit is not technologically feasible for a productor product category, the Commission shall, by regulation,establish an amount that is the lowest amount of lead,lower than 300 parts per million, the Commission deter-mines to be technologically feasible to achieve for thatproduct or product category. The amount of lead establishedby the Commission under the preceding sentence shallbe substituted for the 300 parts per million limit undersubparagraph (B) beginning on the date that is 3 yearsafter the date of enactment of this Act.(E) P ERIODIC REVIEW AND FURTHER REDUCTIONS.—TheCommission shall, based on the best available scientificand technical information, periodically review and revisedownward the limit set forth in this subsection, no lessfrequently than every 5 years after promulgation of thelimit under subparagraph (C) or (D) to require the lowestamount of lead that the Commission determines is techno-logically feasible to achieve. The amount of lead establishedby the Commission under the preceding sentence shallbe substituted for the lead limit in effect immediately beforesuch revision.(b) E XCLUSION OF C ERTAIN M ATERIALS OR P RODUCTS ANDI NACCESSIBLE C OMPONENT P ARTS.—(1) C ERTAIN PRODUCTS OR MATERIALS.—The Commissionmay, by regulation, exclude a specific product or material fromthe prohibition in subsection (a) if the Commission, after noticeand a hearing, determines on the basis of the best-available,objective, peer-reviewed, scientific evidence that lead in suchproduct or material will neither—(A) result in the absorption of any lead into the humanbody, taking into account normal and reasonably foresee-able use and abuse of such product by a child, includingswallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other children’s activi-ties, and the aging of the product; nor(B) have any other adverse impact on public healthor safety.(2) E XCEPTION FOR INACCESSIBLE COMPONENT PARTS.—(A) I N GENERAL.—The limits established under sub-section (a) shall not apply to any component part of achildren’s product that is not accessible to a child through122 STAT. 3019 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008normal and reasonably foreseeable use and abuse of suchproduct, as determined by the Commission. A componentpart is not accessible under this subparagraph if suchcomponent part is not physically exposed by reason ofa sealed covering or casing and does not become physicallyexposed through reasonably foreseeable use and abuse ofthe product. Reasonably foreseeable use and abuse shallinclude to, swallowing, mouthing, breaking, or other chil-dren’s activities, and the aging of the product.(B) I NACCESSIBILITY PROCEEDING.—Within 1 year afterthe date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shallpromulgate a rule providing guidance with respect to whatproduct components, or classes of components, will beconsidered to be inaccessible for purposes of subparagraph(A).(C) A PPLICATION PENDING CPSC GUIDANCE.—Until theCommission promulgates a rule pursuant to subparagraph(B), the determination of whether a product componentis inaccessible to a child shall be made in accordance withthe requirements laid out in subparagraph (A) for consid-ering a component to be inaccessible to a child.(3) C ERTAIN BARRIERS DISQUALIFIED.—For purposes of thissubsection, paint, coatings, or electroplating may not be consid-ered to be a barrier that would render lead in the substrateinaccessible to a child, or to prevent absorption of any leadinto the human body, through normal and reasonably foresee-able use and abuse of the product.(4) C ERTAIN ELECTRONIC DEVICES.—If the Commissiondetermines that it is not technologically feasible for certainelectronic devices, including devices containing batteries, tocomply with subsection (a), the Commission, by regulation,shall—(A) issue requirements to eliminate or minimize thepotential for exposure to and accessibility of lead in suchelectronic devices, which may include requirements thatsuch electronic devices be equipped with a child-resistantcover or casing that prevents exposure to and accessibilityof the parts of the product containing lead; and(B) establish a schedule by which such electronicdevices shall be in full compliance with the limits in sub-section (a), unless the Commission determines that fullcompliance will not be technologically feasible for suchdevices within a schedule set by the Commission.(5) P ERIODIC REVIEW.—The Commission shall, based onthe best available scientific and technical information, periodi-cally review and revise the regulations promulgated pursuant to this subsection no less frequently than every 5 years after the first promulgation of a regulation under this subsection to make them more stringent and to require the lowest amount of lead the Commission determines is technologically feasible to achieve.(c) A PPLICATION W ITH ASTM F963.—To the extent that any regulation promulgated by the Commission under this section (or any section of the Consumer Product Safety Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission, as such Acts are affected by this section) is inconsistent with the ASTM F963 standard, such Deadline. Requirements. Deadline.122 STAT. 3020 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 promulgated regulation shall supersede the ASTM F963 standard to the extent of the inconsistency. (d) T ECHNOLOGICAL F EASIBILITY D EFINED .—For purposes of this section, a limit shall be deemed technologically feasible with regard to a product or product category if— (1) a product that complies with the limit is commercially available in the product category; (2) technology to comply with the limit is commercially available to manufacturers or is otherwise available within the common meaning of the term; (3) industrial strategies or devices have been developed that are capable or will be capable of achieving such a limit by the effective date of the limit and that companies, acting in good faith, are generally capable of adopting; or (4) alternative practices, best practices, or other operational changes would allow the manufacturer to comply with the limit. (e) P ENDING R ULEMAKING P ROCEEDINGS T O H AVE N O E FFECT .— The pendency of a rulemaking proceeding to consider— (1) a delay in the effective date of a limit or an alternate limit under this section related to technological feasibility, (2) an exception for certain products or materials or inacces-sibility guidance under subsection (b) of this section, or (3) any other request for modification of or exemption from any regulation, rule, standard, or ban under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission, shall not delay the effect of any provision or limit under this section nor shall it stay general enforcement of the requirements of this section. (f) M ORE S TRINGENT L EAD P AINT B AN .— (1) I N GENERAL .—Effective on the date that is 1 year after the date of enactment of this Act, the Commission shall modify section 1303.1 of its regulations (16 C.F.R. 1301.1) by sub-stituting ‘‘0.009 percent’’ for ‘‘0.06 percent’’ in subsection (a) of that section. (2) P ERIODIC REVIEW AND REDUCTION .—The Commissionshall, no less frequently than every 5 years after the date on which the Commission modifies the regulations pursuant to paragraph (1), review the limit for lead in paint set forth in section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations (as revised by paragraph (1)), and shall by regulation revise down-ward the limit to require the lowest amount of lead that the Commission determines is technologically feasible to achieve. (3) M ETHODS FOR SCREENING LEAD IN SMALL PAINTED AREAS .—In order to provide for effective and efficient enforce-ment of the limit set forth in section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, the Commission may rely on x-ray fluorescence technology or other alternative methods for meas-uring lead in paint or other surface coatings on products subject to such section where the total weight of such paint or surface coating is no greater than 10 milligrams or where such paint or surface coating covers no more than 1 square centimeter of the surface area of such products. Such alternative methods for measurement shall not permit more than 2 micrograms of lead in a total weight of 10 milligrams or less of paint or other surface coating or in a surface area of 1 square centi-meter or less.Deadline. Effective date.122 STAT. 3021 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008(4) A LTERNATIVE METHODS OF MEASURING LEAD IN PAINT GENERALLY.—(A) S TUDY.—Not later than 1 year after the date ofenactment of this Act, the Commission shall complete astudy to evaluate the effectiveness, precision, and reliabilityof x-ray fluorescence technology and other alternativemethods for measuring lead in paint or other surfacecoatings when used on a children’s product or furniturearticle in order to determine compliance with part 1303of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, as modified pursu-ant to this subsection.(B) R ULEMAKING.—If the Commission determines,based on the study in subparagraph (A), that x-ray fluores-cence technology or other alternative methods for meas-uring lead in paint are as effective, precise, and reliableas the methodology used by the Commission for compliancedeterminations prior to the date of enactment of this Act,the Commission may promulgate regulations governing theuse of such methods in determining the compliance ofproducts with part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regula-tions, as modified pursuant to this subsection. Any regula-tions promulgated by the Commission shall ensure thatsuch alternative methods are no less effective, precise, andreliable than the methodology used by the Commissionprior to the date of enactment of this Act.(5) P ERIODIC REVIEW.—The Commission shall, no less fre-quently than every 5 years after the Commission completes the study required by paragraph (4)(A), review and revise any methods for measurement utilized by the Commission pursuant to paragraph (3) or pursuant to any regulations promulgated under paragraph (4) to ensure that such methods are the most effective methods available to protect children’s health. The Commission shall conduct an ongoing effort to study and encourage the further development of alternative methods for measuring lead in paint and other surface coating that can effectively, precisely, and reliably detect lead levels at or below the level set forth in part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, or any lower level established by regulation.(6) N O EFFECT ON LEGAL LIMIT.—Nothing in paragraph(3), nor reliance by the Commission on any alternative methodof measurement pursuant to such paragraph, nor any rule prescribed pursuant to paragraph (4), nor any method estab-lished pursuant to paragraph (5) shall be construed to alter the limit set forth in section 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations, as modified pursuant to this subsection, or provide any exemption from such limit.(7) C ONSTRUCTION.—Nothing in this subsection shall beconstrued to affect the authority of the Commission or any other person to use alternative methods for detecting lead asa screening method to determine whether further testing oraction is needed.(g) T REATMENT AS A R EGULATION U NDER THE FHSA.—Any ban imposed by subsection (a) or rule promulgated under subsection (a) or (b) of this section, and section 1303.1 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations (as modified pursuant to subsection (f)(1) or (2)), or any successor regulation, shall be considered a regulation of the Commission promulgated under or for the enforcement of Deadline. Deadline.122 STAT. 3022 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 section 2(q) of the Federal Hazardous Substances Act (15 U.S.C. 1261(q)). SEC. 102. MANDATORY THIRD P ARTY TESTING FOR CERTAIN CHIL-DREN’S PRODUCTS. (a) M ANDATORY AND T HIRD P ARTY T ESTING .— (1) G ENERAL CONFORMITY CERTIFICATION .— (A) A MENDMENT .—Paragraph (1) of section 14(a) (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)) is amended to read as follows: ‘‘(1) G ENERAL CONFORMITY CERTIFICATION .—Except as pro-vided in paragraphs (2) and (3), every manufacturer of a product which is subject to a consumer product safety rule under this Act or similar rule, ban, standard, or regulation under any other Act enforced by the Commission and which is imported for consumption or warehousing or distributed in commerce (and the private labeler of such product if such product bears a private label) shall issue a certificate which— ‘‘(A) shall certify, based on a test of each product or upon a reasonable testing program, that such product com-plies with all rules, bans, standards, or regulations applicable to the product under this Act or any other Act enforced by the Commission; and ‘‘(B) shall specify each such rule, ban, standard, or regulation applicable to the product.’’. (B) E FFECTIVE DATE .—The amendment made by subparagraph (A) shall take effect 90 days after the date of enactment of this Act. (2) T HIRD PARTY TESTING REQUIREMENT .—Section 14(2) (15 U.S.C. 2063(2)) is further amended by redesignating paragraph (2) as paragraph (4) and inserting after paragraph (1) the following: ‘‘(2) T HIRD PARTY TESTING REQUIREMENT .—Effective on the dates provided in paragraph (3), before importing for consump-tion or warehousing or distributing in commerce any children’s product that is subject to a children’s product safety rule, every manufacturer of such children’s product (and the private labeler of such children’s product if such children’s product bears a private label) shall— ‘‘(A) submit sufficient samples of the children’s product, or samples that are identical in all material respects to the product, to a third party conformity assessment body accredited under paragraph (3) to be tested for compliance with such children’s product safety rule; and ‘‘(B) based on such testing, issue a certificate that certifies that such children’s product complies with the children’s product safety rule based on the assessment of a third party conformity assessment body accredited to conduct such tests. A manufacturer or private labeler shall issue either a separate certificate for each children’s product safety rule applicable to a product or a combined certificate that certifies compliance with all applicable children’s product safety rules, in which case each such rule shall be specified. ‘‘(3) S CHEDULE FOR IMPLEMENTATION OF THIRD PARTY TESTING .— ‘‘(A) G ENERAL APPLICATION .—Except as provided under subparagraph (F), the requirements of paragraph (2) shallNotice. Certification.15 USC 2063 note.122 STAT. 3023 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008apply to any children’s product manufactured more than90 days after the Commission has established and pub-lished notice of the requirements for accreditation of thirdparty conformity assessment bodies to assess conformitywith a children’s product safety rule to which such chil-dren’s product is subject.‘‘(B) T IME LINE FOR ACCREDITATION.—‘‘(i) L EAD PAINT.—Not later than 30 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall pub-lish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess con-formity with part 1303 of title 16, Code of Federal Regulations.‘‘(ii) F ULL-SIZE CRIBS; NON FULL-SIZE CRIBS; PAC-IFIERS.—Not later than 60 days after the date of enact-ment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with parts 1508, 1509, and 1511 of such title.‘‘(iii) S MALL PARTS.—Not later than 90 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall pub-lish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess con-formity with part 1501 of such title.‘‘(iv) C HILDREN’S METAL JEWELRY.—Not later than 120 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commis-sion shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party conformity assessment bodies to assess conformity with the requirements of section 101(a)(2) of such Act with respect to children’s metal jewelry.‘‘(v) B ABY BOUNCERS, WALKERS, AND JUMPERS.— Not later than 210 days after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with parts 1500.18(a)(6) and 1500.86(a) of such title.‘‘(vi) A LL OTHER CHILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY RULES.—The Commission shall publish notice of the requirements for accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies to assess conformity with other children’s product safety rules at the earliest practicable date, but in no case later than 10 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, or, in the case of children’s product safety rules established or revised1 year or more after such date of enactment, not laterthan 90 days before such rules or revisions take effect.‘‘(C) A CCREDITATION.—Accreditation of third party con-formity assessment bodies pursuant to the requirements established under subparagraph (B) may be conducted Deadlines. Notices.122 STAT. 3024 PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008 either by the Commission or by an independent accredita-tion organization designated by the Commission. ‘‘(D) P ERIODIC REVIEW .—The Commission shall periodi-cally review and revise the accreditation requirements established under subparagraph (B) to ensure that the requirements assure the highest conformity assessment body quality that is feasible. ‘‘(E) P UBLICATION OF ACCREDITED ENTITIES .—The Commission shall maintain on its Internet website an up- to-date list of entities that have been accredited to assess conformity with children’s product safety rules in accord-ance with the requirements published by the Commission under this paragraph. ‘‘(F) E XTENSION .—If the Commission determines that an insufficient number of third party conformity assess-ment bodies have been accredited to permit certification for a children’s product safety rule under the accelerated schedule required by this paragraph, the Commission may extend the deadline for certification to such rule by not more than 60 days. ‘‘(G) R ULEMAKING .—Until the date that is 3 years after the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, Commission proceedings under this paragraph shall be exempt from the requirements of sections 553 and 601 through 612 of title 5, United States Code.’’. (3) C ONFORMING AMENDMENTS .—Section 14(a)(4) (15 U.S.C. 2063(a)(4)), as redesignated by paragraph (2) of this subsection, is amended— (A) by striking ‘‘required by paragraph (1) of this sub-section’’ and inserting ‘‘required under paragraph (1), (2), or (3)’’; and (B) by striking ‘‘requirement under paragraph (1)’’ and inserting ‘‘requirement under paragraph (1), (2), or (3)’’. (b) A DDITIONAL R EQUIREMENTS ; D EFINITIONS .—Section 14 (15 U.S.C. 2063) is further amended by adding at the end the following: ‘‘(d) A DDITIONAL R EGULATIONS FOR T HIRD P ARTY T ESTING .— ‘‘(1) A UDIT .—Not later than 10 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall by regulation establish require-ments for the periodic audit of third party conformity assess-ment bodies as a condition for the continuing accreditation of such conformity assessment bodies under subsection (a)(3)(C). ‘‘(2) C OMPLIANCE ; CONTINUING TESTING .—Not later than 15 months after the date of enactment of the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, the Commission shall by regulation— ‘‘(A) initiate a program by which a manufacturer or private labeler may label a consumer product as complying with the certification requirements of subsection (a); and ‘‘(B) establish protocols and standards— ‘‘(i) for ensuring that a children’s product tested for compliance with an applicable children’s product safety rule is subject to testing periodically and when there has been a material change in the product’s design or manufacturing process, including the sourcing of component parts;Protocols. Standards. Deadlines.Termination date.Web site. Records.PUBLIC LAW 110–314—AUG. 14, 2008122 STAT. 3025‘‘(ii) for the testing of random samples to ensurecontinued compliance;‘‘(iii) for verifying that a children’s product testedby a conformity assessment body complies withapplicable children’s product safety rules; and‘‘(iv) for safeguarding against the exercise of undueinfluence on a third party conformity assessment bodyby a manufacturer or private labeler.‘‘(e) W ITHDRAWAL OF A CCREDITATION.—‘‘(1) I N GENERAL.—The Commission may withdraw itsaccreditation or its acceptance of the accreditation of a thirdparty conformity assessment body accredited under this sectionif the Commission finds, after notice and investigation, that—‘‘(A) a manufacturer, private labeler, or governmental entity has exerted undue influence on such conformityassessment body or otherwise interfered with or com-promised the integrity of the testing process with respectto the certification of a children’s product under this sec-tion; or‘‘(B) such conformity assessment body failed to comply with an applicable protocol, standard, or requirement estab-lished by the Commission under subsection (d).‘‘(2) P ROCEDURE.—In any proceeding to withdraw the accreditation of a conformity assessment body, the Commis-sion—‘‘(A) shall consider the gravity of the conformity assess-ment body’s action or failure to act, including—‘‘(i) whether the action or failure to act resultedin injury, death, or the risk of injury or death;‘‘(ii) whether the action or failure to act constitutesan isolated incident or represents a pattern or practice;and‘‘(iii) whether and when the conformity assessmentbody initiated remedial action; and‘‘(B) may—‘‘(i) withdraw its acceptance of the accreditationof the conformity assessment body on a permanentor temporary basis; and‘‘(ii) establish requirements for reaccreditation ofthe conformity assessment body.‘‘(3) F AILURE TO COOPERATE.—The Commission may sus-pend the accreditation of a conformity assessment body if itfails to cooperate with the Commission in an investigationunder this section.‘‘(f) D EFINITIONS.—In this section:‘‘(1) C HILDREN’S PRODUCT SAFETY RULE.—The term ‘chil-dren’s product safety rule’ means a consumer product safetyrule under this Act or similar rule, regulation, standard, orban under any other Act enforced by the Commission, includinga rule declaring a consumer product to be a banned hazardousproduct or substance.‘‘(2) T HIRD PARTY CONFORMITY ASSESSMENT BODY.—‘‘(A) I N GENERAL.—The term ‘third party conformity assessment body’ means a conformity assessment bodythat, except as provided in subparagraph (D), is not owned,managed, or controlled by the manufacturer or private。
《消费品安全改进法案》成出口企业新考验
酸酯测试的企业比以前多Ｔ－ 多。 ｔ ６
高 。根 据 法 案 要 求 ， 法 案 生 效 当 日 资产没收。
原来 ，８ ４ 月１ 日美 国总统布 什签署 起 １ ０日后 ，儿 童 用 品 中含 铅 量 不得 ８ 消费品安全改进法案》 。该法案规 超 过０ ０ ％ ６ ０ ｐ ） 一年 内将 降低 ．６ （０ ｐ ｍ ，
旧 开始， 自愿性标准ＡＴ ９３ ＳＭＦ６将转化 下 ）；儿童 用 品和 家用 家具涂料 （ 主要 品 出现 问题后 的问责上 与原规定也有所
上 须加贴可追溯性标签 。
近１倍，从 目前的ＯＯ； ０ ． ｊ ６降低至００９。 ； ． ％ ０
商 、进 口 、美 国当地的中间商、分销 商
“ 消 费 品安 全改 进 法 案 对 玩 在邻苯 二甲酸酯 含量中，永久性禁止儿 商 、零售商等 多个 环节。假如产 品出现
厂 Ｕ ｌ Ｉ
最近，通标标准技术服务有限公 司 是安全的，并且监管机构也有 了执 法所 至１ ０万 美元。违反消费品安全委 员会 ５０
Ｓ 广州轻工产 品实验 室显得异常繁忙，
。
需的来源。”
任伺法规 的刑事惩罚 ，将面临五年 以下
来为 自己 的产 品进行铅含量及邻苯 二
铅 含 量 和 邻 苯 二 甲酸 酯 要 求 更 的监禁或罚金，或两 者并罚，甚至包括
出口美国产品门槛更高
Ｄ Ｐ 的儿童 玩具或儿童护 了该法律，均不 免除于惩罚之外。因此 Ｎ 从 去年 开始 ，儿童玩 具等消费品 因 酸 二正 辛酯 （ Ｏ ）
全 问题被 大量 召回。在 美国消费品委 理物 品。
要想免 于受罚，从 一开始 企业 生产 出来
会 的网站上，几乎每 天都能看到一些
HR4040中文简介
美国通过新的消费品安全改善法令(HR4040)美国总统布什2008年8月14日签署了《2008消费品安全改进法案》（H.R. 4040）。
法案进一步授权于消费品安全委员会（CPSC）加强消费品特别是儿童产品的安全管理。
我们在第21号ITB中有列出一些相关要求，现进一步补充完善。
本法案对儿童产品铅及邻苯二甲酸盐含量提出明确要求，详情如下表列：禁用物质范围/要求生效期铅(Sec.101) 供12岁以下儿童使用的产品（任何正常使用或滥用后可触及部件）≤ 600 ppm≤ 300 ppm≤ 100 ppm （除非技术达不到要求的部件）法案生效180天后法案生效1年后法案生效3年后家俱和供12岁以下儿童使用产品的表面油漆≤ 90 ppm (0.009 %) (修改16 CFR 1303.1)小面积油漆如单个产品油漆重量少于10g或表面积少于1 cm²≤ 2 mg, XRF扫描技术或其它方法法案生效1年后邻苯二甲酸盐(Sec.108) 供12岁以下儿童使用的玩具或3岁以下儿童使用的护理产品≤ 0.1 % DEHP, DBP,BBP过渡性禁令3岁以下儿童使用的护理产品或能放入口中供12岁以下儿童使用的玩具≤ 0.1 % DINP, DIDP , DNOP 法案生效180天后“儿童护理产品”是指专门为3岁及以下儿童设计用以催进睡眠、喂食、吸吮及出牙的产品。
“可放入口中玩具”是指任一部位可放入嘴巴被儿童吸吮、咀嚼的玩具（如仅被舔到不属此列），如果玩具的任一尺寸小于5CM，则视为可放入口中。
儿童产品需强制通过第三方测试（Sec.102），委员会将于法案生效后相继发布通告要求儿童产品通过第三方检测，如：油漆中铅含量（30天内），标准及非标准尺寸婴儿床（60天内），小物品（90天内），儿童金属配饰（120天内），婴儿跳床、学步车及蹦床（21 0天内），其它儿童产品安全条例（10个月内），同时也预计在法案生效10个月内设立对第三方测试机构进行定期审核的要求。
消费品安全改进法
CN-281 / Sept 2009美国公布《消费品安全改进法》有关某些材料铅含量要求的最新规定美国消费品安全委员会(CPSC)最近颁布一项最终决议，认定某些材料或产品本身：1. 不含铅；或者2. 铅含量没有超过《消费品安全改进法》CPSIA第101(a)部分规定的限值。
新决议提供一份不再受第101(a)部分限制的材料清单，这些材料不需要再进行基材铅含量测试。
挑战：新规定决议涉及以下材料，但前提是这些材料没有通过添加化学品或材料进行处理或掺杂。
第101(a)部分豁免的材料或产品不受豁免的材料或产品贵重宝石，如钻石、红宝石、蓝宝石、翡翠无半贵重宝石和其它矿物，但这些矿物或材料的基本成份不能是铅或铅化合物，并且不能与其它基本成份是铅或铅化合物的矿物质有关联基本成份为铅或铅化合物的矿物，包括但不限于霰石、乳砷铅矿、银铜氯铅矿、白铅矿、赤铅矿、方铅矿、青铅矿、砷铅矿、角铅矿、钒铅矿、钼铅矿天然或人工养殖的珍珠无天然或未经加工的木材复合木材，如胶合板、刨花板、中密度纤维板(MDF)由木材或其它纤维素纤维制成的纸和类似材料，包括但不限于卡纸、挂面纸板、芯纸，以及这类纸板上成为基材一部分的涂层。
带有塑料叠层/覆盖层的纸板CMYK四色印刷油墨专色、不用于CMYK四色印刷的其它油墨、不作为16 CFR 1303规定的基材一部分的油墨、后处理中使用的油墨，包括丝网印刷、转印、贴花或其它印刷从植物和动物中提取的材料，包括但不限于动物胶、蜂蜡、种子、坚果壳、花、骨头、贝壳、珊瑚、琥珀、羽毛、皮草和皮革无纺织品，包括：后处理中使用的材料，包括丝网印刷、转(i) 染色或未染色的天然纤维，包括但不限于棉花、木棉、亚麻、亚麻布、黄麻、苎麻、大麻、洋麻、竹子、椰子壳纤维、剑麻、蚕丝、羊毛(绵羊)、羊驼毛、骆毛、山羊毛(马海毛、山羊绒)、兔毛、马毛、牦牛毛、骆马毛、北极金羊毛(ii) 染色或未染色的人工纤维，包括但不限于人造纤维、人造蛋白质纤维、Lyocell 纤维、醋酸纤维素、三醋酯纤维、橡胶、氨纶印、贴花或其它印刷未人工添加铅或含铅金属的金属和合金，包括外科用钢和除UNS S13800-S66286规定的303Pb (UNSS30360)以外的其它不锈钢，以及贵重金属，如黄金(至少十开)、标准纯银(至少925/1000)、白金、钯、铑、锇、铱、钌、钛产品中非贵重金属化合物，如焊料，或电镀或镀金中的基础金属上述规定从2009年8月26日开始生效。
CPSIA-2008年美国消费者产品安全改善法案(整体译文)
H.R.4040美利坚合众国第一百一十届国会第二次会议二零零八年一月三日（星期四）于华盛顿市开始举行有关儿童消费品安全标准和其它安全要求的设立以及消费品安全委员会的重新授权和现代化的法案本法案由美利坚合众国参议院和众议院于召集的国会会议上通过。
第1条简称；目录(a) 简称——该法案可称为《2008年消费者产品安全改善法案》（Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008）(b) 目录——本法案目录如下：第1条简称；目录第2条参考第3条发布实施条例的权利第一编——儿童产品安全第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅涂料标准第102条. 某些儿童产品的强制性第三方测试第103条. 儿童产品的跟踪标签第104条. 耐用婴幼儿产品标准和消费者登记第105节. 玩具与游戏器具的广告标签要求第106节. 强制性玩具安全标准第107节. 对少数民族儿童的与消费品相关的可预防性伤亡研究第108节. 禁止销售含特定邻苯二甲酸盐的产品第二编消费品安全委员会改革第一章——经营管理改善第201节. 委员会的授权第202节. 委员会全员要求；临时法定人数；员工第203节. 部分递送给国会的文件第204节. 加速制定法律第205节. 监察长的审查与报告第206节. 禁止行业赞助的差旅第207节. 与联邦政府、州政府、地方政府和外国政府机构信息共享第208节. 交换雇员培训第209节. 年度报告要求第二章——加强的执行权力第211节. 公开信息披露第212节. 建立一个公众消费品安全数据库第213节. 依据其他由消费品安全委员会执行的法令制定的储存强制令第214节. 加强的召回权利以及改正措施计划第215节. 对于由防火墙隔开的符合性评估机构的检查；供应链的识别第216节. 禁止行为第217节. 处罚第218节. 由州总检察长执行第219节. 举报人保护第三章——详细的进出口相关规定第221节. 召回品及不合格品的出口第222节. 进口安全管理及跨部门间的合作第223节. 重大产品隐患清单及不合格进口产品的消毁第224节. 财政责任第225节. 与进口消费品安全相关的公权力效力研究及报告第四章——杂项规定及顺应性修订第231节. 先占性第232节. 各类地形用车辆标准第233节. 按照《1970年的危险品包装法案》实施成本效益分析第234节. 织物及服饰产品中的甲醛使用研究第235节. 技术及顺应性变化第236节. 加快复审第237节. 撤消第238节. 浴池及温泉安全技术修订第239节. 生效日期及可分割性第2条参考(a) 本法案中使用的术语定义：(1) “相关国会委员会”指的是众议院能源与商务委员会（Committee on Energy and Commerce of the House of Representatives）和参议院参议院商务、科学和运输委员会（Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation of the Senate）；(2) 术语“委员会”指的是消费品安全委员会。
Cusumer product safety__ improvement act of 2008
7
CPSC职责
美国政府负责美国消费品安全的机构
负责发布强制性产品安全标准
通过与产业界的合作制订各种的共识性(也叫做自愿性) 安全标准 负责监督与消费品相关的伤害与死亡案例
与有关公司合作从市场上召回有缺陷的产品。
赋予额外资源：提高委员会供资水平、增加委员会的专职工作人员 批准消费品安全委员会在2010～2014年作为执法机关
管辖范围及要求
儿童产品（排除接触不到的成分）
生效日期
生效后180天 生效后1年 生效后3年 生效后1年
注：至少每5年对上述限值审查一次
SGS-CSTC E&E RSTS
10
特殊材料、产品、零部件的豁免规定
特殊产品及材料
产品或材料在正常使用、因儿童误吞、口含、折断和其它活动所导致的误用以 及正常老化的情况下，产品或材料中所含的铅不会被人体吸收。 产品或材料不会对公共健康与安全造成其他方面的影响。
特殊零部件的豁免
儿童产品的某个零部件在正常使用、可预见用途及误用时不会与儿童发生接触 （产品对该零部件进行了遮盖或包装，无法与人体接触）。
无效的保护措施
产品外部的油漆、布料和电镀层等。
电子部件（技术原因）
禁止或降低产品中含铅的电子部件，对该类电子部件加装保护装置，防止铅与 儿童及人体接触。 制定电子部件完全符合限值的时间表，委员会确认由于技术原因无法完全符合 限值的情况除外。
E&E RSTS
2008消费品安全改进法案 Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008
E&E RSTS
新闻回顾
2007年9月5日，美国最大玩具商美泰公司宣布，由于玩具涂料含铅 成分过高，将在全球范围内召回82.4万件中国生产的芭比玩具。 美泰对中国产玩具进行继续调查之后所做出的决定，
解读美国《2008消费品安全改进法案》
误 吸磁 铁 后 造 成 的 内部 伤 害 。
有 毒 物 质 。 球 形 末 端 玩 具 。半 球 形
在 耐 用 幼 儿 产 品 标 准 及 消 费 者
方 法 方 面 关 于 以下 情 形 的 效 力 ：
案 的新 条 款用 于 强制 要 求制 造商 制 造 出更 加 安 全 的儿童 玩 具和 其他 产 品 ， 违法 者加 重 处罚 ， 对 并且 当制裁
此 法 案 保 护 权 益 的 破 坏 者 时 ， 予 了 给
小面 积 油 漆
（ 改 １ ｌ ３ ３１ 修 ６ＣＺ １０ ． Ｒ ）
法 案 生 效 １ 后 年
如 单 个 产 品 油 漆 重 量 少 于 １ｇ或 表 面 积 少 于 １ｃ ０ ｍ２
≤ ２ ｎｇ ＸＲＦ扫 描 技 术 或 其 它方 法 ａ，
供 １ ２岁 以下 儿 童 使 用 的玩 具或 ３岁 以下 儿 童 使 用 的 护 理 产 品
２０ ０ ７年发生 了大批 产品 召回后 ， 国 美 政 府 对 消费 产 品施 加 更 加 严格 的安
全管 理法规 。 ２０ ０ ８年 ８月 １ 美 国 总 统 布 什 ４１ ３
州、 当地 政 府 、 人 团体 组 织 等 个
见 反馈 给消 费者 。Ｃ Ｓ Ｐ Ｃ现 在负 超 过 １０ ０种 用 于 家 庭 、 育 、 ５０ 体 及学校 的消费 品的安全监控 。
邻 苯二 甲酸 盐 ≤ ０ １％ ＤＥＨＰ． ． ＤＢＰＢ ．ＢＰ 过 渡 性 禁 令
法 案 生 效 １ ０天 ８
（ｅ． ８ Ｓｃ１ ） ０
３岁 以 下儿 童 使 用的 护 理 产 品 或 能放 入 口中供 １ ２岁 以 下 儿童 使 用 的 玩 具
≤ ０． １％ Ｄ Ｉ Ｐ， Ｉ Ｐ ，ＤＮ Ｏ Ｐ Ｎ Ｄ Ｄ
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Brief Summaries of the CPSIA legislation - Chinese VersionView this document in English《消费品安全改进法案》简要第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅油漆法规第102条. 对某些儿童产品实行强制性第三方测试第103条. 儿童产品的追踪标识第104条. 耐用型育婴产品的标准与消费者注册第105条. 玩具和游戏机广告的标识要求第213条：禁止储存美国消费品安全委员会规范范围内的产品第215条. 检查私营实验室；确认供应链第232条. 关于全地形越野车的标准第101条. 含铅儿童产品；含铅油漆法规将我们的任何规章翻译到除英语以外的语言, 纯粹是为了方便不能阅读英语的公众, 但是规章应以英语文本为准。
我们设法为读者提供忠于英语原文的翻译, 由于翻译中存在的困难, 可能会有一些差别。
翻译文件中有指明在英语原文在何处的附注。
Translation of any of our regulations into a language other than English is intended solely as a convenience to the non-English-reading public and the English version of our regulations remains the authoritative text. We have attempted to provide an accurate translation of the original material in English, but due to the difficulties of translation slight differences may exist. References identifying the original document in English are available in our translated document.基本综述:消费品安全改进法案》降低儿童产品中所允许的含铅量. 第101条对儿童产品的含铅量和这类产品使用的油漆的含铅量作了新的限制规定.含铅量限制规定对儿童产品中含铅量的限制将在三年之内逐步完成。
自2009年二月十日起, 为12岁或更年幼的儿童设计的产品的含铅量不得超过600 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值。
自2009年二月十日起, 含铅量超过600 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值的儿童产品在美国被禁止, 销售这些产品会带来严重的民事和刑事责任。
本法规规定, 油漆, 涂层或电镀无法阻止儿童接触产品中所含的铅。
在法案制定一年之后, 或者自2009年八月十四日起, 为12岁或更年幼的儿童设计的产品的含铅量不得超过300 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值。
三年后, 或者自2011年八月十四日起, 这一限制将降低到100 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值, 除非委员会认定这一更低限制的规定技术上不可行。
某些儿童产品如果其含铅组成部分使用者接触不到, 则可以被豁免或不受新的含铅量限制规定的制约。
委员会将在一年内制定指导法规, 阐述产品的那些组成部分是使用者接触不到的。
本委员会还将评估某些电子装置，包括含电池的装置，是否必须符合含铅量限制规定。
对含铅油漆的限制此外, 在一年之后, 或者自2009年八月十四日起, 法案规定供消费者使用的油漆和其他表层涂料中的含铅量必须从600 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值降低到90 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值。
生效日期:对含铅量不得超过600 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值的限制自法案制定后180天内生效。
关于对自本规定生效后的库存产品的新的含铅量限制的实施办法的建议, 可以查阅本委员会网址/library/foia/advisory/317.pdf. 在法案制定一年之后, 对含铅量的限制降低到300 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值。
在法案制定一年之后, 对油漆的含铅限制降低到90 ppm (百万分率)体积浓度值。
第102条. 对某些儿童产品实行强制性第三方测试将我们的任何规章翻译到除英语以外的语言, 纯粹是为了方便不能阅读英语的公众, 但是规章应以英语文本为准。
我们设法为读者提供忠于英语原文的翻译, 由于翻译中存在的困难, 可能会有一些差别。
翻译文件中有指明在英语原文在何处的附注。
Translation of any of our regulations into a language other than English is intended solely as a convenience to the non-English-reading public and the English version of our regulations remains the authoritative text. We have attempted to provide an accurate translation of the original material in English, but due to the difficulties of translation slight differences may exist. References identifying the original document in English are available in our translated document.基本综述:A. 普通认证新法案扩大了必须测试和认证的产品的范围。
按照原先的法律, 那些必须符合在《消费品安全法案》授权下美国消费品安全委员会公布的标准的消费品通常需要认证。
现在,普通认证的范围扩大到所有《消费品安全法案》授权禁止和必须符合标准的所有产品,以及受制于委员会在其他法案授权下强制执行的类似规则, 标准, 禁止令, 和法规的产品。
这一产品必须认证的要求有时被称为“供应商表示产品合格的声明”。
认证必须基于对产品的测试或者“合理的测试项目”作出。
这一对普通认证的新要求自2008年十一月十二日起生效。
这些一般性的产品合格自我认证毋需根据第三方测试结果作出。
B. 对儿童产品的第三方测试新法案要求对本意为12岁或更年幼的儿童设计的所有消费品都作第三方测试。
每个儿童产品的制造商(包括进口商)或者私营专有商标拥有者必须对产品作测试,测试必须由被认可的独立的测试实验室作出,并根据测试结果,出具关于产品符合所有美国消费品安全委员会现行要求的证书。
美国消费品安全委员会被授权认可对儿童产品作所要求的测试的实验室(“第三方合格评定机构”)或指定独立的认可机构认可测试实验室, 除了以下例外,即委员会本身必须认可被有问题的产品的制造商所控制的实验室。
为了维持公正, 政府实验室必须符合独立的严格标准。
美国消费品安全委员会必须在委员会的网址上刊登一份最新的被认可的实验室名单, 委员会有权在适当的情况下暂停或中止对某个实验室的认可。
对儿童产品的第三方测试和认证的要求以持续进行的方式逐步引进。
法案要求美国消费品安全委员会公布对测试不同类别儿童产品的实验室认可制度。
一旦委员会公布了某一类别儿童产品的实验室认可要求, 属于那一类别儿童产品的每一种产品若是在规定生效九十天之后制造,必须按照现行的要求进行测试和认证。
美国消费品安全委员会公布实验室认可要求和认证的时间表如下图所示。
C. 证书所要求的证书, 无论是普通合格证书, 还是儿童产品基于第三方测试的证书, 都必须使用英文, 同时可以使用另一语言。
证书内容必须包括产品制造商或私营专有商标拥有者和测试实验室的名称,产品制造和测试的日期和地点。
凡不具备所需证书的产品不能进口或批发到美国市场。
产品或每批进关产品必须备有证书, 并应美国消费品安全委员会和美国海关的要求出示证书。
若无法出具证书或出具虚假证书,制造商或私营专有商标拥有者可面临民事或刑事处罚。
第103条. 儿童产品的追踪标识将我们的任何规章翻译到除英语以外的语言, 纯粹是为了方便不能阅读英语的公众, 但是规章应以英语文本为准。
我们设法为读者提供忠于英语原文的翻译, 由于翻译中存在的困难, 可能会有一些差别。
翻译文件中有指明在英语原文在何处的附注。
Translation of any of our regulations into a language other than English is intended solely as a convenience to the non-English-reading public and the English version of our regulations remains the authoritative text. We have attempted to provide an accurate translation of the original material in English, but due to the difficulties of translation slight differences may exist. References identifying the original document in English are available in our translated document.基本综述:新法案第103条(a)要求制造商在本意为12岁或更年幼的儿童使用的消费品上印有追踪标识或其他明显的永久识别标记。
追踪标识必须含有某些基本信息，包括产品来源、产品制造日期以及关于产品制造过程 (诸如批号或序号等) 的更多细节。
本条款涉及的范围相当广泛, 涵盖所有的儿童产品, 包括, 但不局限于, 诸如服装, 鞋, 而不仅仅只是玩具和其他被规范的产品。
国会修改了关于追踪标识的要求, 使用了“在可行范围内”的语言, 承认要求那些在制造和运送时不是单独包装的小型玩具和其他小型产品上印有明显的永久识别标记不一定可行。
美国消费品安全委员会被授权公布规则, 详细解释追踪标识上应印有的相关要求细节。
而且, 委员会今后可以要求将儿童产品追踪标识上印有的更多信息延伸到其它消费品的追踪标识上。
新法案第103条(c)还涉及制造商声称遵守强制性或自愿性安全规则的各类声明。
自2008年十月十二日起, 任何产品的包装, 广告或者标识都不可以印有某项安全标准, 除非产品确实符合该项标准。
生效日期:关于追踪标准的要求在法案2009年八月十四日实施一年之后生效。